From left, Brig. Gen. Peter DeLuca, outgoing U.S. Army Engineer School commandant; Maj. Gen. Leslie Smith, Maneuver Support Center of Excellence and Fort Leonard Wood commanding general; and Brig. Gen. Anthony Funkhouser, incoming USAES commandant; prepare to take part in the USAES change-of-commandant ceremony, July 30, in Nutter Field House. Army photo by Michael Curtis/Released

MARINE CORPS TRAINING AREA BELLOWS, Hawaii (July 27, 2014) - A medium tactical vehicle replacement departs a Landing Craft Air Cushion (LCAC), assigned to Assault Craft Unit (ACU), as it arrives at the Marine Corps Training Area Bellows for an equipment unload during Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) Exercise 2014. Twenty-two nations, 49 ships and six submarines, more than 200 aircraft and 25,000 personnel are participating in RIMPAC exercise from June 26 to Aug. 1, in and around the Hawaiian Islands and Southern California. The world's largest international maritime exercise, RIMPAC provides a unique training opportunity that helps participants foster and sustain the cooperative relationships that are critical to ensuring the safety of sea lanes and security on the world's oceans. RIMPAC 2014 is the 24th exercise in the series that began in 1971. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Amanda R. Gray) 140727-N-UD469-103

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I read about it in the paper but this is the first time I've seen it. Looks pretty sharp. Hope they don't need to use it though.

ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, Md. (Oct. 24, 2017) -- A paradigm shift is set to occur inside the Army's command posts.

Today's generation of Soldiers use a computing ecosystem -- connected and synchronized smartphones, tablets and laptops, unknown to Soldiers a decade ago. These younger Soldiers have embraced the thousands of applications that have transformed communication and collaboration. The Army is now implementing a plan to modernize software applications and hardware used in command post operations to more closely align with what Soldiers have come to expect in their personal lives.

Currently, the computing environment in the command post primarily consists of separately developed systems. CPs are filled with a dozen or more screens displaying battlefield data, along with several types of computers and multiple servers hosting systems that support various warfighting functions such as Movement, Maneuver, Intelligence and Fires. Each stand-alone system provides just a segment of the data that must be fused to generate the commander's common operating picture.

Read more:

www.army.mil/article/195817

Norwich University Cadets participate in the Commander's Challenge at the 1st Brigade Ranger Challenge in Fort Knox, KY. | Photo by Lindsay Grant, U.S. Army Cadet Command Public Affairs Office

Building used by the Japanese on Roi-Namur as an air command center in the south pacific. It was heavily damaged during the Battle of Kwajalein but, it and several other structures have remained and are being preserved for history.

Roi-Namur Coordinates: 9 degrees 23'44.31" N 167 degrees 28'25.95 E

Cadets work together to prepare, practice and finalize their out briefs for the Brigade Command teams during their small group discussion time on Wednesday, 13 February, at the George C. Marshal Leadership Seminar held at Fort Leavenworth, KS. | Photo by Brenadine C. Humphrey, U.S. Army Cadet Command Public Affairs Office

ORLANDO, Fla. - The 143d Sustainment Command (Expeditionary) conducted an awards and promotions ceremony March 14, 2015, outside the David R. Wilson Armed Forces Reserve Center in Orlando, Fla.

Army Sgt. 1st Class Carlos E. Gomez, a Ft. Myers, Fla., native serving as the 143d ESC's senior movement noncommissioned officer, was promoted to master sergeant during an unseasonably warm afternoon. Two of Gomez's friends in the unit had the honor of pinning on the new rank to their new master sergeant's coat and patrol cap.

Shortly after Gomez returned to his platoon, Army Staff Sgt. John R. Watson, a Gurdon, Ark., native serving as a human resources specialist for the 143d ESC, posted front and center of the 150-Soldier formation. Watson's wife, Aleasa, played an active role in the ceremony when she punched her husband in the chest to adhere his new sergeant first class stripes firmly on his Army Combat Uniform coat.

Watson will remain with the 143d ESC for the foreseeable future, while Gomez will transfer to Ft. Benning, Ga.,later this year to serve as the Tactical Operations Center operations NCO for 3rd Battalion, 3rd Brigade, 75th Training Command.

The 143d ESC also awarded the Army Achievement medal to several Soldiers who performed above and beyond the call of duty during Warfighter Exercise 15-3, a joint service, multinational training operation held January and February 2015 at Camp Atterbury, Ind.

Photos by Army Sgt. John L. Carkeet IV, 143d ESC

PACIFIC OCEAN (Sept. 3, 2015) - Marines from 1st Marine Expeditionary Brigade (1stMEB) push off from the well deck of the amphibious transport dock ship USS New Orleans (LPD 18) during Exercise Dawn Blitz 2015 (DB-15). DB-15 is a scenario-driven exercise designed to train the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps in operations expected of an amphibious task force while also building U.S. and coalition operational interoperability. The exercise will test staffs in the planning and execution of amphibious operations in a series of live training events at sea and ashore. (U.S. Navy photo by MC3 Brandon Cyr/Released) 150903-N-WK391-036

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NEWPORT, R.I. – The U.S. Naval War College (NWC) holds a commencement ceremony for the College of Naval Command and Staff and the College of Naval Warfare 2023 graduating classes June 16, 2023, on board Naval Station Newport. The ceremony, presided over by NWC President Rear Admiral Shoshana Chatfield, saw 468 students from senior-level leadership and intermediate-level leadership courses, including 103 international students representing 78 countries recognized alongside 1,925 students having completed coursework through NWC’s College of Distance Education programs, 121 of whom attended the graduation in person. Ambassador Linda Thomas-Greenfield, U.S. Representative to the United Nations, gave the commencement address. Established in 1884, NWC is the oldest institution of its kind in the world. More than 50,000 students have graduated since its first class of nine students in 1885 and about 300 of today’s active-duty admirals, generals and senior executive service leaders are alumni. Since creating a program for international officers in 1956, the college has more than 4,500 international alumni from 137 countries worldwide. Approximately 10 percent of these alumni have become chief of their country’s respective navy. Today, NWC continues to deliver excellence in education, research, and outreach, informing today’s decision-makers and educating tomorrow’s leaders. (U.S. Navy photo by Kristopher Burris/Released)

"Vermont & Fountain Fire" 2018

PALAWAN, Philippines (Sept. 11, 2019) - Commander U.S. Indo-Pacific Command, Adm. Phil Davidson, left, and Philippines Naval Forces West Commander, Commodore Sean Anthony U. Villa, participate in an honors ceremony at the Philippines Western Command headquarters. Davidson is in the Philippines to meet with military leaders and counterparts and reaffirm the importance of the U.S.-Philippines alliance and the continued security relationship between both nations. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 1st Class Robin W. Peak) 190911-N-WY954-058

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Keep your command center operators happy, healthy and productive with Ascend Sit/Stand consoles. Ascend furniture features electric-lift legs with three programmable height settings, allowing operators to alternate between sitting and standing with the push of a button.

By changing positions throughout the day, your operators will help minimize physical stress and fatigue in their technical environment.

www.winsted.com/ascend-sit-stand-consoles/

(U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Camilo Fernan)

Download Command and conquer 3 Wallpaper

#3, #Command, #Conquer #Games

TTC Harvey Shop / Hillcrest Complex, Toronto

UK Command of SNMG2 comes to an end after 12 months in charge

Pictured: Vice Admiral Clive Johnstone CB CBE giving his speech during the SNMG2 change of command ceremony.

In the port of Lisbon on Saturday 30th June 2018 Commodore Mike Utley OBE formally handed over Command of the Standing NATO Maritime Group Two to his Dutch counterpart Commodore Boudewijn G.F.M. Boots. This marked the end of a year long UK commitment leading SNMG2. Rear Admiral James Morley assumed Command of SNMG2 during a ceremony in Souda Bay, Crete 12 months previously before handing over to Commodore Mike Utley on the 4th January 2018.

HNLMS De RUYTER assumed the SNMG2 Flagship role from HMS DUNCAN during the same ceremony, which was presided over by Commander Allied Maritime Command Vice Admiral Clive C C Johnstone CB CBE.

The Type 45 Destroyer HMS DUNCAN represents the most recent in a sequence of Royal Navy commitments to this significant NATO task. HMS DUNCAN has twice flown the COM SNMG2 pennant. HMS OCEAN and DUNCAN’s sister ship HMS DIAMOND have also assumed the Flagship role during the 12 month period. The UK also Commands the NATO Minehunting Force SNMCMG2 with HMS ENTERPRISE acting as the Flagship.

HMS Duncan is set to return to her homeport of Portsmouth on the 13th July after an eventful deployment which has seen her operate in the Black Sea and Mediterranean for six months. The Type 45 destroyer provided an air picture to NATO during the US/FR/UK air strikes in Syria and rescued two Algerian fishermen lost at sea for a number of days.

NATO photo by GBRN LPhot Paul Hall

MANILA, Philippines (Mar. 5, 2016) - Vice Adm. Joseph Aucoin, right, the commander of U.S. 7th Fleet, shakes hands with Capt. Tsugunori Niizuma of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force during trilateral talks between the U.S., Philippines and Japan held aboard USS Blue Ridge (LCC 19), in Manila, Philippines. The trilateral talks are being held to enhance cooperation and strengthen relationships to best provide security and stability in the Indo-Asia Pacific. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Jason Kofonow/Released) 130305-N-CZ848-124

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WATERS SOUTH OF JAPAN (Oct. 18, 2015) - Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, center-right, speaks to Sailors aboard the U.S. Navy's only forward-deployed aircraft carrier USS Ronald Reagan (CVN 76) during a visit. During the visit, Abe and other Japanese dignitaries met with senior U.S. Navy representatives including Vice Adm. Nora Tyson, commander, U.S. 3rd Fleet, Rear Adm. Matthew Carter, commander, U.S. Naval Forces, Japan, Rear Adm. John Alexander, commander, Battle Force 7th Fleet, and Capt. Chris Bolt, Ronald Reagan's commanding officer. Ronald Reagan and its embarked air wing, Carrier Air Wing (CVW) 5, provide a combat-ready force that protects and defends the collective maritime interests of the U.S. and its allies and partners in the Indo-Asia-Pacific region. (U.S. Navy photo by MC3 Ryan McFarlane/Released) 151018-N-IN729-103

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DARWIN, Australia (July 26, 2015) - Landing Craft Utility (LCU) 1631 prepares to off-load equipment onto the forward-deployed amphibious assault ship USS Bonhomme Richard (LHD 6). Bonhomme Richard is the lead ship of the Bonhomme Richard Expeditionary Strike Group and is on patrol in the U.S. 7th Fleet area of operations. (U.S Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Naomi VanDuser/Released) 150726-N-AY934-058

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Another from my "Desktop Background" series.

I've almost got 5000 miles on the new car now. I still smile when I turn the key. This car has made driving fun again. I've got lots of plans for tuning and moding it. My end goal is 10:1 power to weight with lots of low end torque.

I'm pretty much sold on forced induction engines. There are just so many tuning options for them out there. I'll have to see how the reliability is on these guys though.

Here is another location in the facility. This was the extrance to the undergound sheltered control room where the operators would be safe while conducting experiments with an unshielded nuclear reactor suspended 40 feet in the air by four 200 foot tall towers.. The shelter is solid concrete reportedly five stories beneath the ground..

Dawson_2385

Chief Warrant Officer 3 Leslie Balcom, of Wheatland, and Sgt. 1st Class Josh Phillips, of Laramie are hoisted up to a Blackhawk helicopter during a “Jungle Extraction” Aug. 9 during the Wyoming Army National Guard’s 94th Troop Command’s first combined Annual Training exercise at Camp Guernsey Joint Training Center. The pair of Headquarters-based Soldiers were reported to be wounded in a mock battle scenario.

131120-N-DX698-041 HONOLULU (Nov. 20, 2013) Rear Adm. Colin Chinn, Command Surgeon for the U.S. Pacific Command, gives brief at the Tripler Army Medical Center about military medical role in disaster response as part of theater security cooperation. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 1st Class Jay M. Chu/Released)

Maj. Gary Philman (left), U.S. Army Africa signal operations officer and acting chief of the unit’s Contingency Command Post, briefs USARAF Commander, Maj. Gen. David R. Hogg on the capabilities of new communications gear for the unit’s mobile command post.

Photo by Rich Bartell, U.S. Army Africa Public Affairs Office

To learn more about U.S. Army Africa visit our official website at www.usaraf.army.mil

Join the U.S. Army Africa conversation on Facebook: www.facebook.com/ArmyAfrica

(U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Camilo Fernan)

Fort Buchanan, PR - With an outstanding performance of the Antilles High School Choir directed by Mr. Rafael Sosa, the 1st Mission Support Command, US Army Reserve in Puerto Rico, starts the African American Black History Month Ceremony at Fort Buchanan Community Club on 27 Feb.

Lieutenant Col. Charmaine E. Betty – Singleton, Staff Judge Advocate for the US Garrison, Fort Buchanan Installation Legal Office was the guest speaker for the event. LTC Betty-Singleton is a native of Kingston, Jamaica. She holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in political science and history, a Master’s degree in management and leadership and Jurist Doctorate.

In line with this year’s theme: “Civil Right in America”, LTC Betty-Singleton’s professional background and performance in the area of military law and justice clearly surpass the necessary credentials to recount the legacy of African American in the defense and strength of freedom we enjoy today as Americans.

Among the guests were Major General (Retired) Felix A. Santoni, Civilian Aid for the Secretary of the Army, Lic. Luis O. Berrios, US Army Reserve Ambassador, Brigadier General Jose R. Burgos, Commanding General 1st Mission Support Command, Colonel Caryn S. Heard, Commander for the US Garrison at Fort Buchanan, Command Sergeant Major Derrick Simpson, US Garrison Command Sergeant Major and Mr. Agustin Montanez, Veterans Affairs Representative for Puerto Rico.

This ceremony takes place every year on the month of February, and is set aside to celebrate African American Black History Month, a celebration that existed since 1926. To commemorate and celebrate the contributions to our nation made by people of African descent, American historian Carter G. Woodson established Black History Week. The first celebration occurred on Feb. 12, 1926. For many years, the second week of February was set aside for this celebration to coincide with the birthdays of abolitionist/editor Frederick Douglass and Abraham Lincoln. In 1976, as part of the nation's bicentennial, the week was expanded into Black History Month. Each year, U.S. presidents proclaim February as National African-American History Month.

MARINE CORPS AIR STATION IWAKUNI, Japan (Jan. 28, 2016) - Ambassador Caroline Bouvier Kennedy, U.S. ambassador to Japan, speaks to Marines with Marine Aerial Refueler Transport Squadron 152 (VMGR-152). This is Ambassador Kennedy's first official visit to Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni. While at the squadron's hangar, Kennedy viewed a KC-130J Super Hercules, gaining an understanding on the multiple capabilities of the aircraft in the Pacific theater. This visit also helped the ambassador better understand MCAS Iwakuni's community and witness the ongoing transformation of the air station through the multitude of construction projects. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Cpl. Nicole Zurbrugg/Released) 160128-M-OH021-780

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This image is excerpted from a U.S. GAO report: www.gao.gov/products/GAO-14-529

SEQUESTRATION: Comprehensive and Updated Cost Savings Would Better Inform DOD Decision Makers If Future Civilian Furloughs Occur

Note: Information is based on the 2-year, on-board average of career permanent, civilian medical officers and nurses in Army Medical Command with any type of separation. This information does not include transfers within a department; however, it does include transfers from one department to another. Therefore, such interdepartment transfers would not result in a loss to the Department of Defense (DOD) as a whole, though they do count as attrition as the actions are recorded as separation actions within the Office of Personnel Management’s Enterprise Human Resources Integration data. Percentages have been rounded to the nearest whole number.

Maj. Gen. Robert Walters relinquished command of the U.S. Army Intelligence Center of Excellence to Maj. Gen. Laura Potter in a ceremony on Brown Parade Field July 19, 2019. The ceremony was hosted by Lt. Gen. Michael Lundy, commanding general of the Combined Arms Center and Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. (U.S. Army photo by Tanja Linton)

PACIFIC OCEAN (Aug. 31, 2015) - Amphibious assault vehicles enter the well deck of the amphibious transport dock ship USS New Orleans (LPD 18) during exercise Dawn Blitz 2015. The multinational training exercise, being conducted by Expeditionary Strike Group 3 and the 1st Marine Expeditionary Brigade, gives participants from the U.S., Japan, Mexico and New Zealand the opportunity to conduct live, simulated, and constructive operations to enhance each country's ability to activate and deploy an amphibious task force with speed and effectiveness in support of the full range of military operations as required by combatant commanders. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communications Specialist 3rd Class Brandon Cyr/Released) 150831-N-WK391-051

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Zoids

Kotobukiya Highend Master Model

Command Wolf, Command Wolf AC, Empire Command Wolf LC and Command Wolf "Irvine Custom"

MARIETTA, Ga., April 7, 2015 - Colonel Thomas Carden, commander of the Georgia Army National Guard participates in a Basic Riders Course refresher at the Dobbins Air Reserve Base as part of the Ga. Guard's Rider Dust-Off event.

"I get something new out of this course each time I take it," said Carden.

Senior leaders of the Georgia Army National Guard participated in the safety event in anticipation of the coming motorcycle riding season.

Georgia Army National Guard photo by Captain William Carraway / released

An abandoned bunker near the Duga Radar Station in Chernobyl would have once been in charge of countering any air attack on the Russian Woodpecker.

U.S. Army Brig. Gen. Clark W. LeMasters Jr., (left) deputy commander of Support Operations under NATO Training Mission-Afghanistan, hands the colors to U.S. Army Col. Keith A. Detwiler (center) incoming commander as outgoing commander U.S. Marine Col. Roderick T. Arrington (with his back) stands in formation with them during the Regional Support Command-West change of command ceremony July 10 at Camp Stone, Herat, Afghanistan. RSC-West falls under NATO Training Mission - Afghanistan, which is a coalition of 38 troop-contributing nations charged with assisting the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan in generating a capable and sustainable Afghan National Security Force ready to take lead of their country's security by 2014. For more information about NTM-A, visit www.ntm-a.com. Photo by Capt. Monika Comeaux, DCOM-SPO/NTM-A CSTC PAO

Fort Smith National Historic Site is a National Historic Site located in Fort Smith, Arkansas, along the Arkansas River. The first fort at this site was established by the United States in 1817, before this area was established as part of Indian Territory. It was later replaced and the second fort was operated by the US until 1871. This site was designated as a National Historic Landmark in 1961.

The fort was the first site of the United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas, which had jurisdiction over western Arkansas and all of Indian Territory. It began operations in 1875 with the appointment of Isaac C. Parker as the first federal district judge here. The town of Fort Smith, Arkansas developed around the fort.

The site includes the second historic fort constructed at this place. In addition, located on the grounds are the foundation remains of the first Fort Smith (1817–1824), the commissary building (c. 1838) and a reconstruction of the gallows used by the federal court. A walking trail along the Arkansas River includes wayside exhibits on the Trail of Tears.

Congress authorized acquisition of land on the Oklahoma bank of the Arkansas River to be included in the National Historic Site, in order to preserve a historic viewshed, but it has not been acquired.

The park visitor center is now located in the old Barracks/Courthouse/Jail building. Exhibits in the visitor center focus on Fort Smith's military history from 1817 to 1871, its role in the western expansion of the United States, Federal District Judge Isaac Parker and the federal court's effects on justice in Indian Territory, the U.S. Deputy Marshals and outlaws, Federal Indian policy, and Indian Removal, including the Cherokee Trail of Tears.

The site was established in 1961 in order to protect the remains of two 19th-century U.S. military forts, including a building that once housed the United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas, which had jurisdiction over federal cases in Indian Territory. Fort Smith was also notable as a major stop for the Choctaw and Cherokee people along the "Trail of Tears." during the period of Indian Removal from the Southeast. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1961.

The original fort was established on December 25, 1817, by Major William Bradford in order to maintain harmony between the local Osage Indians, who had long been dominant in this territory, and a band of Cherokee who had migrated west, under pressure from European Americans, from their traditional territory in the Southeast. This time would later be historically referenced as the "First Fort." It ended in 1824 when the U.S. Army abandoned Fort Smith after constructing Fort Gibson further west.

As a result of the increased tensions Indians following the Indian Removal Act of 1830, and local white settlers who encroached on their territory, the U.S. Army created a second Fort Smith in 1838 near the original's ruins. This is the beginning of the historical "Second Fort" period. During General Zachary Taylor's command of the fort in the 1840s, it became a supply depot for other forts within the Indian Territory. It was captured during the Civil War from Confederate forces in 1863 by Union troops. The majority of the Cherokee and other Five Civilized Tribes had initially allied with the Confederacy, and supplied warriors to its forces. The fort continued in use as a supply depot to other forts in the region until it was no longer occupied in an official capacity by 1871; historically the end of the "Second Fort" era.

As often happened, a small town developed around the fort, with people attracted for business. In addition, court operations continued at a courthouse built in town for the United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas, which presided over the western half of Arkansas and all of Indian Territory. It was first held at the fort, as noted above. The first federal district judge here was Isaac C. Parker, who presided over the court from 1875 to 1896.

Arkansas is a landlocked state in the South Central region of the Southern United States. It borders Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, Texas to the southwest, and Oklahoma to the west. Its name derives from the Osage language, and refers to their relatives, the Quapaw people. The state's diverse geography ranges from the mountainous regions of the Ozark and Ouachita Mountains, which make up the U.S. Interior Highlands, to the densely forested land in the south known as the Arkansas Timberlands, to the eastern lowlands along the Mississippi River and the Arkansas Delta.

Arkansas is the 29th largest by area and the 34th most populous state, with a population of just over three million at the 2020 census. The capital and most populous city is Little Rock, in the central part of the state, a hub for transportation, business, culture, and government. The northwestern corner of the state, including the Fayetteville–Springdale–Rogers Metropolitan Area and Fort Smith metropolitan area, is a population, education, and economic center. The largest city in the state's eastern part is Jonesboro. The largest city in the state's southeastern part is Pine Bluff.

Previously part of French Louisiana and the Louisiana Purchase, the Territory of Arkansas was admitted to the Union as the 25th state on June 15, 1836. Much of the Delta had been developed for cotton plantations, and landowners there largely depended on enslaved African Americans' labor. In 1861, Arkansas seceded from the United States and joined the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War. On returning to the Union in 1868, Arkansas continued to suffer economically, due to its overreliance on the large-scale plantation economy. Cotton remained the leading commodity crop, and the cotton market declined. Because farmers and businessmen did not diversify and there was little industrial investment, the state fell behind in economic opportunity. In the late 19th century, the state instituted various Jim Crow laws to disenfranchise and segregate the African-American population. White interests dominated Arkansas's politics, with disenfranchisement of African Americans and refusal to reapportion the legislature; only after the federal legislation passed were more African Americans able to vote. During the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s, Arkansas and particularly Little Rock were major battlegrounds for efforts to integrate schools.

Following World War II in the 1940s, Arkansas began to diversify its economy and see prosperity. During the 1960s, the state became the base of the Walmart corporation, the world's largest company by revenue, headquartered in Bentonville. In the 21st century, Arkansas's economy is based on service industries, aircraft, poultry, steel, and tourism, along with important commodity crops of cotton, soybeans and rice.

Arkansas's culture is observable in museums, theaters, novels, television shows, restaurants, and athletic venues across the state. Notable people from the state include politician and educational advocate William Fulbright; former president Bill Clinton, who also served as the 40th and 42nd governor of Arkansas; general Wesley Clark, former NATO Supreme Allied Commander; Walmart founder and magnate Sam Walton; singer-songwriters Johnny Cash, Charlie Rich, Jimmy Driftwood, and Glen Campbell; actor-filmmaker Billy Bob Thornton; poet C. D. Wright; physicist William L. McMillan, a pioneer in superconductor research; poet laureate Maya Angelou; Douglas MacArthur; musician Al Green; actor Alan Ladd; basketball player Scottie Pippen; singer Ne-Yo; Chelsea Clinton; actress Sheryl Underwood; and author John Grisham.

The history of Arkansas began millennia ago when humans first crossed into North America. Many tribes used Arkansas as their hunting lands but the main tribe was the Quapaw, who settled in the Arkansas River delta upon moving south from Illinois. Early French explorers gave the territory its name, a corruption of Akansea, which is a phonetic spelling from the Illinois language word for the Quapaw.[1] This phonetic heritage explains why "Arkansas" is pronounced so differently than the U.S. state of "Kansas" even though they share the same spelling.

What began as a rough wilderness inhabited by trappers and hunters became incorporated into the United States as part of the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and later became the Arkansas Territory from 1819 to 1836. Upon gaining statehood on June 15, 1836, Arkansas had begun to prosper under a plantation economy that was heavily reliant on slave labor. After the American Civil War (1861–1865), Arkansas was a poor rural state, whose main economic base revolved around agriculture based chiefly on cotton production. In the late 19th century, the state instituted various Jim Crow laws to disenfranchise and segregate the African American population. This would last until federal legislation was passed in the 1960s. During the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s, Arkansas and particularly Little Rock, were major battlegrounds for efforts to integrate schools.

The state started to see some economic prosperity during and after World War II in the 1940s. Arkansas became the base for retail corporation Walmart during the 1960s, which is headquartered in Bentonville. Walmart would later become the world's largest company by revenue. During the 20th century, different Arkansas political leaders would become nationally prominent, including the 42nd U.S. President Bill Clinton, who was Governor of Arkansas, 1979–1981 and 1983–1992.

Beginning around 11,700 B.C.E., the first indigenous people inhabited the area now known as Arkansas after crossing today's Bering Strait, formerly Beringia. The first people in modern-day Arkansas likely hunted woolly mammoths by running them off cliffs or using Clovis points, and began to fish as major rivers began to thaw towards the end of the last great ice age. Around 9500 BCE, forests also started to expand, enabling local peoples to engage in greater gathering. Crude containers became a necessity for storing gathered items. Since mammoths had become extinct, hunting bison and deer became more common. These early peoples of Arkansas likely lived in base camps and departed on hunting trips for months at a time.

Further warming led to the beginnings of agriculture in Arkansas around 650 BCE. Fields consisted of clearings, and Native Americans would begin to form villages around the plot of trees they had cleared. Shelters became more permanent and pottery became more complex. Burial mounds, surviving today in places such as Parkin Archeological State Park and Toltec Mounds Archaeological State Park, became common in northeast Arkansas. This reliance on agriculture marks an entrance into Mississippian culture around 950 CE. Wars began occurring between chieftains over land disputes. Platform mounds gain popularity in some cultures.

The Native American nations that lived in Arkansas prior to the westward movement of peoples from the East were the Quapaw, Caddo, and Osage Nations. While moving westward, the Five Civilized Tribes inhabited Arkansas during its territorial period.

The first European contact with Arkansas was the Spanish expedition led by Hernando de Soto in 1541. De Soto wandered among settlements, inquiring about gold and other valuable natural resources. He encountered the Casqui in northeast Arkansas, who sent him north around Devil's Elbow to the Pacaha, the traditional enemies of the Casqui. Upon arrival in the Pacaha village, the Casqui who had followed behind de Soto attacked and raided the village. De Soto ultimately engaged the two tribes' chiefs in a peace treaty before continuing on across central Arkansas and into the Ozark Mountains in his search for riches. After finding nothing he considered of value and encountering native resistance the entire way; he and his soldiers returned to the Mississippi River where de Soto fell ill. He died the following day in what is believed to be the vicinity of modern-day McArthur in May 1542. Soto's body was weighted down with sand and he was consigned to a watery grave in the Mississippi River under cover of darkness.

De Soto had attempted to deceive the native population into thinking he was an immortal deity, sun of the sun, in order to forestall attack by outraged Native Americans on his by then weakened and bedraggled army. In order to keep the ruse up, his men informed the locals that de Soto had ascended into the sky. His will at the time of his death listed: "four Indian slaves, three horses and 700 hogs" which were auctioned off to his men. His starving men, who had been living off maize stolen from Native Americans and who had not been allowed to eat the enormous herd of hogs but had had to care for them, immediately started to butcher them. Later on his remaining men, now commanded by his aide de camp Moscoso, attempted an overland return to Mexico. They made it as far as Texas before running into territory too dry for maize farming and too thinly populated to sustain themselves by stealing food from the locals. The expedition promptly backtracked to Arkansas. After building a small fleet of boats they then headed down the Mississippi River and eventually on to Mexico by water.

In 1673, French explorers Jacques Marquette and Louis Jolliet reached the Arkansas River on an expedition to map the Mississippi River. After a calumet with friendly Quapaw, the group suspected the Spanish to be nearby and returned north.

Robert La Salle entered Arkansas in 1681 as part of his quest to find the mouth of the Mississippi River, and thus claim the entire river for New France. La Salle and his partner, Henri de Tonti, succeeded in this venture, claiming the river in April 1682. La Salle would return to France while dispatching de Tonti to wait for him and hold Fort St. Louis. On the king's orders, La Salle returned to colonize the Gulf of Mexico for the French, but ran aground in Matagorda Bay. La Salle led three expeditions on foot searching for the Mississippi River, but his third party mutinied near Navasota, Texas, in 1687. de Tonti learned of La Salle's Texas expeditions and traveled south in an effort to locate him along the Mississippi River. Along with this journey south, de Tonti founded Arkansas Post as a waypoint for his searches in 1686. La Salle's party, now led by his brother, stumbled upon the Post and were greeted kindly by Quapaw with fond memories of La Salle. The troupe thought it best to lie and say La Salle remained at his new coastal colony.

The French colonization of the Mississippi Valley would end with the later destruction of Fort St. Louis were it not for de Tonti establishing the small trading stop, Arkansas Post. The party originally led by La Salle would depart the Post and continue north to Montreal, where interest was spurred in explorers who had the knowledge that the French had a holding in the region.

The first successful European settlement, "Poste de Arkansea", was established by Henri de Tonti in 1686 on the Arkansas River. The post disbanded for unknown reasons in 1699 but was reestablished in 1721 in the same location. Sited slightly upriver from the confluence of the Arkansas River and Mississippi River, the remote post was a center of trade and home base for fur trappers in the region to trade their wares. The French settlers mingled and in some cases even intermarried with Quapaw natives, sharing a dislike of English and Chickasaw, who were allies at the time. A moratorium on furs imposed by Canada severely affected the post's economy, and many settlers began to move out of the Mississippi River Valley. Scottish banker John Law saw the struggling post and attempted to entice settlers to emigrate from Germany to start an agriculture settlement at Arkansas Post, but his efforts failed when Law-created Mississippi Bubble burst in 1720.

The French maintained the post throughout this time mostly due to its strategic significance along the Mississippi River. The post was moved back further from the Mississippi River in 1749 after the English with their Chickasaw allies attacked, it was moved downriver in 1756 to be closer to a Qua-paw defensive line that had been established, and to serve, as an repent, or trading post, during the Seven Years' War and prevent attacks from the Spanish along the Mississippi.

In 1762, the secret treaty of Fontainebleau transferred control of colonial Louisiana (including present-day Arkansas), to Spain in exchange for Florida. The Spanish showed little interest in Arkansas except for the land grants meant to inspire settlement around the post. Afterward, the post was again moved upriver out of the floodplain in 1779. Its position 4 miles (6.4 km) up the Arkansas River made it a hub for trappers to start their journeys, although it also served as a diplomatic center for relations between the Spanish and Quapaw. Many that stopped at Arkansas Post were simply passing through on their way up or down river and needed supplies or rest. Habitants included approximately ten merchants, some domestic slaves, and the wives and children of voyageurs. A small detachment of the Fixed Infantry Regiment of Louisiana lived inside the fort, tasked with protecting the village of Arkansas Post nearby. On April 17, 1783, present-day Arkansas experienced its only battle of the American Revolutionary War when Captain James Colbert of the 16th Regiment of Foot led a force of British partisans and Chickasaws against the Spanish village and fort.

Although the United States of America had gained separation from the British as a result of the Revolutionary War, Arkansas remained in Spanish hands after the conflict. Americans began moving west to Kentucky and Tennessee, and the United States wanted to guarantee these people that the Spanish possession of the Mississippi River would not disrupt commerce. Napoleon Bonaparte's conquest of Spain shortly after the American Revolution forced the Spanish to cede Louisiana, including Arkansas, to the French via the Third Treaty of San Ildefonso in 1800. England declared war on France in 1803, and Napoleon sold his land in the new world to the United States, today known as the Louisiana Purchase. The size of the country doubled with the purchase, and a stream of new White settlers led to a changed dynamic between Native Americans and Arkansans. Prior to the Louisiana Purchase, the relationship between the two groups was a "middle ground" of give and take. These relationships would deteriorate all across the frontier, including in Arkansas.

Thomas Jefferson initiated the Lewis and Clark Expedition to find the nation's new northern boundary, and the Dunbar Hunter Expedition, led by William Dunbar, was sent to establish the new southern boundary. The group was intended to explore the Red River, but due to Spanish hostility settled on a tour up the Ouachita River to explore the hot springs in central Arkansas. Leaving in October 1804 and parting company at Fort Miro on January 16, 1805, their reports included detailed accounts of give and take between Native Americans and trappers, detailed flora and fauna descriptions, and a chemical analysis of the "healing waters" of the hot springs. Useful information for settlers to navigate the area and descriptions of the people inhabiting south Arkansas was also included.

The settler-Native American relationship deteriorated further following the 1812 New Madrid earthquake, viewed by some as punishment for accepting and assimilating into White culture. Many Cherokee left their farms and moved shortly after a speech in June 1812 by a tribal chief admonishing the tribe for departing from tradition.

A small segment of the Territory of Missouri applied for statehood on March 2, 1819. The application included a provision that would bring Missouri into the Union as a slave state, which would upset the delicate balance of slave and free states. This application also defined all land in the Missouri Territory south of the parallel 36°30' north, except the Missouri Bootheel between the Mississippi River and the Saint Francis River north of the 36th parallel north, as the new Territory of Arkansaw. When the Missouri Enabling Act was taken up in the United States House of Representatives, James Tallmadge denounced slavery and succeeded in passing the Tallmadge Amendment in the House, an act that would have extinguished slavery in Missouri in a generation. The act was the first attempt to curb the rapid expansion of slavery along the country's expanding western frontier and caught many southern Democrats by surprise. The following day, John Taylor proposed identical restrictions on slavery before authorizing the Arkansaw Enabling Act. The banning of new slaves amendment was soundly defeated, but the gradual emancipation measure was tied until Speaker of the House Henry Clay cast the deciding no vote killing the Amendment and allowing Arkansas to organize as a slave territory. The Missouri Compromise was later struck allowing Maine to enter as a free state, thus allowing Missouri to enter as a slave state to keeping the balance of free/slave states at 12 each.

The uncertainty surrounding Missouri's status as a slave state caused a rapid out-migration of slaveholders into Arkansas. Slavery also became a divisive issue within Arkansas. The wealthy planters of southeast Arkansas strongly supported slavery since manual labor was the only method of harvesting cotton at the time. The northwest parts of the state did not have cotton plantations, and as little as 2% of the black population in northwest Arkansas was enslaved during the territorial era. However, northwest Arkansas backed slavery in support of the southeastern Arkansas planters.

Different aspects of frontier life are preserved today in three state parks. Historic Washington State Park in southwest Arkansas is a restored town that was formerly a bustling stop on the Southwest Trail. Davidsonville Historic State Park preserves one of early Arkansas's most important communities, including Arkansas's first post office and courthouse. Powhatan Historic State Park on the Black River allows visitors to relive a former riverport town during its heyday.

The new Arkansas Territory held its territorial government at the territorial capital, Arkansas Post, and included all of present-day Arkansas and Oklahoma except the Oklahoma panhandle. These lands became Indian Territory by 1828, leaving the modern day outline of Arkansas. Upon creation of the territory, President James Monroe appointed James Miller of New Hampshire, the hero of Lundy's Lane, as territorial governor, and young Robert Crittenden as secretary of the territory. Miller had little interest in governing the territory, and spent most of his time outside its boundaries. This left an opportunist Crittenden in charge of Arkansas, and he quickly assembled three judges together to form Arkansas's first legislature. Crittenden also held an election that selected James Woodson Bates as Arkansas's territorial delegate to Congress in addition to forming and filling the two branches of the General Assembly of Arkansas Territory. This election became contested when Miller returned and decided Arkansas would follow an 1812 law that all territorial legislative positions were to be filled by appointment, nullifying Crittenden's election. Congress later affirmed the election, but the situation formed a divide between Miller's followers and the Crittenden faction.

Miller and Crittenden were again divided over the relocation of the territorial capitol from the unsuitable backwater at Arkansas Post. The legislature discussed the issue of relocating the capitol in 1820, but could not decide between Little Rock and Cadron before the session ended. After the session ended, William Russell, owner of hundreds of lots around Little Rock, began selling them to legislators and influential men like Crittenden, Robert Oden, William A. Trimble, and Andrew Scott. Upon returning, the legislature passed a bill to move the capitol to Little Rock by three votes, increasing the value of many legislators' Little Rock lots significantly. In protest, Miller moved to a new house at Crystal Hill near Cadron before being reassigned to Salem, Massachusetts. During the move to Little Rock, Crittenden formed the Rose Law Firm with Chester Ashley, forming a powerful political alliance between The Family and Crittenden's supporters. Arkansas's second territorial governor was George Izard, a wealthy planter who moved to the territory from South Carolina. Izard succeeded in changing divorce law and briefly stopping the Quapaw removal in Arkansas. He also organized a militia and managed to quiet Crittenden, who remained as secretary of the territory. Izard died in 1828 and was replaced by John Pope, who was appointed by Andrew Jackson.

In an effort to prevent white settlers taking over their territory, the Quapaw signed an 1818 treaty relinquishing all their hunting lands in exchange for keeping 32,000,000 acres (13,000,000 ha) of land along the Arkansas River in south Arkansas in their possession. This treaty was later reneged upon the following year, with whites taking all but 1,000,000 acres (400,000 ha) back for settlement. At this time, Cherokee from Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina were being forced into Arkansas onto Caddo hunting lands west of Little Rock. The Caddo did not welcome the invasion of the Cherokee, who had thought they were moving to uninhabited land. The Caddo viewed the Cherokee as "domesticated" by the white man for signing treaties with the United States government and the tribes went to war. Cephas Washburn established Dwight Mission near Russellville as a school for Cherokee youth at the tribe's request in 1822. This school was later moved to Sallisaw, Oklahoma. The Osage signed a treaty to leave Arkansas in 1825 and moved to Kansas briefly before buying their own reservation in Osage County, Oklahoma. The United States established Fort Smith and Fort Gibson, Oklahoma, to keep the peace and trade with the Native Americans.

During the Industrial Revolution, cotton prices boomed and white settlers clamored for the fertile lands around the Arkansas River inhabited by the Quapaw. Eventually the government forced the Quapaw to a reservation in Louisiana with the Caddo. Antoine Barraqué led the Quapaw south in the winter of 1825–26. They found the Caddo inhospitable because the Quapaw were viewed as invaders and when the Quapaw's crop washed away twice due to flooding of the Red River, conditions got even worse. Combined with the overcrowding and lack of annuities promised to both tribes, the Quapaw were unhappy and followed chief Saracen back to their homeland along the Arkansas River. By 1830, the entire tribe had returned to Arkansas, and despite Governor Pope and Indian agent Richard Hannon, the Quapaw were removed to a separate reservation in northeast Oklahoma in 1833. Secretary Robert Crittenden was instrumental in acquiring the final removal.

IWAKUNI, Japan (April 26, 2019) - U.S. Marines with Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 121 stand in formation during the change of command ceremony between Lt. Col. Richard Rusnok (outgoing) and Lt. Col. Michael H. Rountree JR (incoming) at Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni, Japan, April 26, 2019. VMFA-121 is the only permanently forward-deployed 5th generation fighter attack squadron in the Marine Corps and expands the capabilities of the Marines in the Indo-Pacific area of responsibility. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Lance Cpl. Tyler Harmon) 190426-M-XZ420-1025

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WESTERN PACIFIC (May 19, 2017) - An MH-60S Sea Hawk from the Helicopter Sea Combat Squadron (HSC) 4 Black Knights transports cargo during a vertical replenishment-at-sea between the Lewis and Clark-class dry cargo and ammunition ship USNS Wally Schirra (T-AKE 8) and the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS Carl Vinson (CVN 70). The U.S. Navy has patrolled the Indo-Asia-Pacific routinely for more than 70 years promoting regional peace and security. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Matthew Granito/Released) 170519-N-LK571-072

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YOKOSUKA, Japan (Apr. 21, 2015) - Sideboys salute guests from the United Nations Command (Rear) during a tour of the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS George Washington (CVN 73). George Washington and its embarked air wing, Carrier Air Wing (CVW) 5, provide a combat-ready force that protects and defends the collective maritime interests of the U.S. and its allies and partners in the Indo-Asia-Pacific region. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist Seaman Bryan Mai/Released) 150421-N-EH855-005

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SYDNEY, Australia (June 23, 2015) - The Arleigh Burke-class guided-missile destroyer USS Mustin (DDG 89) departs Sydney Harbor after a port visit. Mustin is on patrol in the U.S. 7th Fleet area of responsibility in support of security and stability in the Indo-Asia-Pacific region. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class David Flewellyn/Released) 150623-N-ZZ786-066

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Catacomb Command Barge

Click here to learn more about Camp Humphreys

U.S. Army photos by Cpl. Ma Jae Sang

Ducks top Hoyas in Armed Forces Classic at Camp Humphreys

By Tim Hipps

U.S. Army Installation Management Command

CAMP HUMPHREYS, South Korea – In a season opener between teams led by newcomers, Joseph Young scored 24 points to lead No. 19 Oregon to an 82-75 victory over Georgetown in the 2013 Armed Forces Classic here.

The Ducks and Hoyas tipped off Nov. 9 at 10:16 a.m., on a Saturday morning in the Humphreys Community Fitness Center. For college basketball fans across America, the game was one of many season openers on Friday night. Only one, however, was played before 2,100 U.S. troops and their family members, along with a worldwide television audience on ESPN.

“We’re about to start the journey to determine who is the best team in college basketball, the best team in the country, and we’re doing it in front of the best team in the world,” ESPN announcer Jay Bilas said. “I’m in absolute awe of the commitment, the sacrifice, of our men and women in uniform.”

Young, a junior guard who transferred from Houston is a son of Michael Young, who played for the high-flying “Phi Slama Jama” teams of the early 1980’s. He grabbed five rebounds and was perfect on 12 free throws in his first game as a Duck.

Joshua Smith, a 6-foot-10, 350-pound junior center who transferred from UCLA, led Georgetown (0-1) with 25 points on 10-of-13 shooting and 5 of 9 free throws before fouling out of his first game as a Hoya with 9 seconds remaining.

Jason Calliste made all 11 of his free throws and scored 16 points for Oregon (1-0). Mike Moser added 15 points, seven rebounds and a career-high six steals, the most by an Oregon player in 15 seasons. Darius Wright was the last Duck to post six steals in a game against USC on Jan. 7, 1999.

“We came a long way, so we really didn’t want to lose this one,” Moser said. “It definitely feels good to go home – a 12-hour ride – with a win.”

Damyean Dotson grabbed eight rebounds and Johnathan Loyd had seven assists for Oregon. Loyd recorded his 304th career assist for a spot on the Ducks’ top 10 list.

The Hoyas shot 1 of 15 from 3-point range, failed to find much offensive continuity, and were outrebounded, 40-32.

“Things we can control, we have to control,” Georgetown coach John Thompson III said. “We had too many untimely unforced turnovers. We got our rhythm offensively, but we gave up a lot of threes in a row – it felt like four or five. The timing of that is what we have to learn. When we had to get a stop or a rebound, we didn’t.”

Oregon took an 18-7 lead via a 12-2 run, capped by two free throws by Calliste with 12:27 remaining in the first half. Calliste also converted a three-point play that gave the Ducks a 30-23 lead with 5:25 remaining in the period. Oregon led, 37-34, at halftime.

Georgetown took its first lead since 2-0 on a steal by Markel Starks and Smith’s feed to Jabril Trawick for a layup and a 40-39 lead with 18:06 left. D’Vauntes Smith-Rivera’s jumper put Georgetown ahead, 42-39. Loyd responded with a 3-pointer, Young followed with a layup, and the Ducks led the rest of the way.

Starks finished with 16 points and four assists for Georgetown. Trawick added 11 points and three rebounds. Before departing, Moser saluted the troops who welcomed the Ducks to Camp Humphreys, their most distant regular-season game site in school history.

“We had a lot of fun,” Moser said. “Getting a chance to hang out with the troops for a couple days inspired us to try and come out here and win this game.”

Played on Veterans Day weekend, the game featured a military theme throughout. Rather than players’ last names, Army values, such as “Courage,” “Integrity” and “Respect,” adorned the back of Georgetown’s camouflage-patterned jerseys. The backs of the Ducks’ camouflage-patterned jerseys displayed: “USA.” Members of both coaching staffs wore military-style cargo pants and combat boots.

“This was an unbelievable experience,” Thompson said. “It was a privilege to play in this environment, and it was a privilege to play in front of the Soldiers. One of the most rewarding times was serving lunch yesterday and getting the chance to interact with the young men and women stationed here at Camp Humphreys.”

Georgetown players Nate Lubick and Starks also were appreciative.

“This was a great opportunity to get a close-up look at what life is like for the men and women who protect our country,” Lubick said. “We’re very fortunate to have the opportunity to come here and play a game to thank them for all they do.”

“We’re blessed to have the chance to come here and see and tour the base and the helicopters,” Starks added. “It’s amazing all that they do and we’re really thankful to get the chance to meet everyone here.”

Folks at Camp Humphreys thought likewise.

“It’s such a blessing,” said Cassie Gaudette, wife of Army Capt. Brian Gaudette. “I don’t think that they can truly understand how exciting and wonderful it is to have a little piece of home and have the teams come here to South Korea. We’re originally from Eugene [home of the Oregon Ducks], so this was really exciting to see.”

Oregon played without sophomores Dominic Artis and Ben Carter, who were suspended nine games for violating NCAA rules by selling school-issued athletic apparel. If only they knew what they missed.

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เนื้อหาหลักสูตรโดยย่อ :

1) จัดพื้นที่หน้าจอในการทำงาน, กำหนดรูปแบบและลักษณะ Crosshair

2) ควบคุมปุ่มเม้าส์และคีย์บอร์ด คีย์ลัด ในการสร้างแบบ

3) กำหนดหน่วยวัดและความละเอียดค่าระยะในการทำงาน

4) กำหนดและใช้งาน Object Snap , Ortho , Polar

5) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Draw ชนิด Line ในการสร้างเส้นชนิดแยกส่วนประกอบ

....ทั้งแบบใช้ค่าระยะและพิกัดอ้างอิง

6) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Draw ชนิด PolyLine สร้างเส้นชนิดเส้นต่อเนื่องเป็นชิ้นเดียว

7) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Draw ชนิด MultiLine ในการสร้างเส้นคู่แบบต่อเนื่อง ทั้งแบบ

... ใช้ค่าระยะและพิกัดอ้างอิง

ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Draw ชนิด Rectangleสร้างรูปสี่เหลี่ยมแบบใช้ค่าระยะและพิกัด

9) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Modify ชนิด Offset สำเนาเส้นแบบใช้ค่าระยะเพื่อกำหนดขนาด

10) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Modify ชนิด Trim ในการตัดเศษส่วนเกินของเส้นชิ้นงาน

11) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Modify ชนิด Extend ในการต่อชนส่วนที่ขาดของเส้นชิ้นงาน

12) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Modify ชนิด Copy คัดลอกชิ้นที่ซ้ำกัน แบบใช้ค่าระยะและพิกัด

13) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Modify ชนิด MOVE เคลื่อนย้ายชิ้นงานแบบใช้ค่าระยะและพิกัด

14) แบบฝึกหัด-แบบทดสอบ : สร้างแบบแปลนห้องพัก พร้อมจัดวางเฟอร์นิเจอร์

15) สร้างและควบคุม Layer แยกระดับชั้นของแบบชิ้นงานแต่ละลักษณะสำคัญ

16) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Draw ชนิด Polygon สร้างรูปหลายเหลี่ยม ใช้ค่าระยะหรือพิกัด

17) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Draw ชนิด Circle สร้างรูปวงกลม โดยใช้ค่ารัศมีและพิกัดอ้างอิง

1 ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Draw ชนิด Arc สร้างเส้นโค้ง วงกลม โดยใช้จุดอ้างอิง 3 จุด

19) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Draw ชนิด Hatch ลงลายแรเงาเพื่อแยกลักษณะที่ในพื้นที่แบบ

20) ปรับมุม ทิศทางของแกน Crosshair สำหรับการเขียนแบบแนวแกนเอียง

21) เขียนแบบตามแนวแกนเอียง โดยใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Draw และ Modify

22) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Inquiry ชนิด Distance หาค่าระยะความยาวของแบบ

23) สร้างแบบรูปด้านตั้งโดยใช้แบบแปลนที่มีอยู่

24) ใช้แบบชิ้นงานจากไฟล์อื่นๆ โดย Insert External Reference และ Block

25) แบบฝึกหัด-แบบทดสอบ : สร้างแบบแปลนและรูปด้าน ศาลา 8 เหลี่ยม

......พร้อมชิ้นงานประกอบ

26) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Draw และ Modify สร้างกรอบและพื้นที่พิมพ์แบบ

27) เข้ามาตราส่วน ให้กับแบบที่สร้างขึ้น ด้วย ชุดคำสั่ง Modify : Scale

2 กำหนดอักษร Single Line Text ให้เหมาะกับมาตราส่วนและพิมพ์ตัวอักษร

29) กำหนดรูปแบบของเส้นบอกระยะ (Dimension)

30) ใช้เส้น Dimension บอกระยะตามแนวเอียงตามแบบ

31) ใช้เส้น Dimension บอกมุม รัศมี และเส้นผ่านศูนย์กลาง

31) การแก้ไขเส้น Dimension ที่มีอยู่ในแบบ

32) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Style ในการสร้างและเปลี่ยน สี, ลักษณะ และขนาดของเส้น

33) การพิมพ์แบบ (Print, Plot) ในหน้าต่าง Plot Device และ Plot settings

34) สั่งพิมพ์แบบตามขนาดกระดาษมาตรฐาน เข้ามาตราส่วน

35) แบบฝึกหัด-แบบทดสอบ :

......ใส่ Dimension เพื่อบอกระยะ, มุม, รัศมีหรือเส้นผ่านศูนย์กลาง

36) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Draw ชนิด Ellipse ในการสร้างรูปวงรี โดยใช้ค่าระยะหรือพิกัด

37) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Draw ชนิด Point สร้างจุดอ้างอิงหรือสัญลักษณ์ประกอบแบบ

3 ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Modify ชนิด Array คัดลอกชิ้นงาน ตามระยะและทิศทาง

39) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Modify ชนิด Rotate หมุนทิศทางของชิ้นงานโดยใช้ค่าองศา

40) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Modify ชนิด Scale ย่อหรือขยายชิ้นงาน

41) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Modify ชนิด Mirror พลิกกลับด้านตรงกันข้ามของชิ้นงาน

42) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Modify ชนิด Fillet ในการต่อมุมโค้งตามค่ารัศมี

43) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Modify ชนิด Chamfer ตัดมุมตามแนวเอียงตามค่าระยะจุดตัด

44) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Modify ชนิด Stretch เพิ่มหรือลด ช่วงระยะทั้งส่วน ของแบบ

45) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Modify ชนิด Explode แยกเส้นส่วนประกอบชิ้นงานที่ติดกัน

46) แบบฝึกหัด-แบบทดสอบ : สร้างแบบแปลนและรูปด้านของ นาฬิกาข้อมือ

47) แบบฝึกหัด-แบบทดสอบ : แบบแปลนและรูปด้าน อาคารสำนักงาน-โรงงาน

4 ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง View และ Viewport ในการกำหนดด้านที่จะขึ้นรูปโมเดล

49) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Shade ในการแสดงผล ภาพชิ้นงาน 3D

50) ขึ้นรูปทรง 3D จากแบบ 2D ด้วยคำสั่ง Extrude สำหรับรูปทรงแท่งทึบตัน

51) ขึ้นรูปทรง 3D จากแบบ 2D ชนิดเจาะช่อง-รู ด้วย Subtract และ Extrude

52) ขึ้นรูปทรง 3D จากแบบ 2D ด้วย Revolve สำหรับรูปทรงกลึง-ทรงกระบอก

53) ใช้ชุดคำสั่ง Solid ขึ้นรูปทรง 3D ชนิดเรขาคณิต

..... รูปทรง Box, Sphere, Cylinder, Cone, Wedge และ Torus

54) จัดวางโมเดลส่วนประกอบแต่ละชิ้น ด้วยคำสั่ง Move, Rotate, Scale และ

..... Copy เพื่อให้รวมชิ้นงาน

สนใจติดต่อ คุณโฟม 089-632-0232

foammgear31@hotmail.com

My new work environment.

This patch is used by the United States Army's Reserve Officer Training Corps Cadet Command. It was authorized in 1986.