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Türkei 1989 , Ephesus ,
Die Ruinen von Ephesos liegen heute in der Nähe von Selçuk, ungefähr 70 km südlich von İzmir an der türkischen Westküste (Ägäis). Der türkische Name des heutigen Ausgrabungsortes ist Efes.
Im Jahr 2015 wurde Ephesos von der UNESCO in die Liste des Kulturwelterbes aufgenommen,
Texture: Topaz Studio
During my Windstar Greek Island Cruise we had a one day and evening visit to Kusadasi Turkey.
All 148 passengers on our yacht were treated to a magnificent private gourmet dinner at the Celsus Library of Ephesus, catered by a five-star hotel. Serenaded by a trio of musicians from the orchestra. Dinner at sunset in this awesome archeological site was definitely a highlight on my trip.
Still slowly catching up after my holiday.
Have a wonderful weekend!
The Library of Celsus in Ephesus, Turkey
Ephesus was a city in ancient Greece on the coast of Turkey. It was built in the 10th century BC on the site of the former Arzawan capital by Greek colonists.
During the Classical Greek era, it was one of twelve cities that were members of the Ionian League. The city came under the control of the Roman Republic in 129 BC.
The city was famous in its day for the nearby Temple of Artemis (completed around 550 BC), which has been designated one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Its many monumental buildings included the Library of Celsus and a theatre capable of holding 25,000 spectators.
Ephesus was also one of the seven churches of Asia cited in the Book of Revelation; the Gospel of John may have been written there; and it was the site of several 5th-century Christian Councils.
The city was destroyed by the Goths in 263. Although it was afterwards rebuilt, its importance as a commercial center declined as the harbor was slowly silted up by the Küçükmenderes River. In 614, it was partially destroyed by an earthquake.
In 2015, it was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
(Canon PowerShot SD880 IS, 1/500 @ f/5.6, ISO 80)
Türkei 1989 , Ephesus , Celsus-Bibliothek,Ephesos (altgriechisch Ἔφεσος, hethitisch vermutlich Apaša, lateinisch Ephesus), in der Landschaft Ionien gelegen, war im Altertum eine der ältesten, größten und bedeutendsten Städte Kleinasiens und beherbergte mit dem Tempel der Artemis (Artemision) eines der Sieben Weltwunder. In der Antike lag die Stadt direkt am Meer; durch Sedimentation sowie klimatische und seismische Veränderungen verschob sich die Küstenlinie im Laufe der Zeit nach Westen, so dass sich die Reste der Stadt heute mehrere Kilometer landeinwärts befinden.
Die Ruinen von Ephesos liegen heute in der Nähe von Selçuk, ungefähr 70 km südlich von İzmir an der türkischen Westküste (Ägäis). Der türkische Name des heutigen Ausgrabungsortes ist Efes.
Im Jahr 2015 wurde Ephesos von der UNESCO in die Liste des Kulturwelterbes aufgenommen.
you might call The Celsus Library from 2nd century AD, Efesus. Here knowledge of the known world clad in marble greek architecture represents all that we mean by Hellenism, culture and knowledge from all over the Mediterranean presented by greek catalyst .
Celsus Library is one of the most beautiful structures in Ephesus. Celcius Library was built in 117 A.D. Celsus Library was a monumental tomb for Gaius Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, the governor of the province of Asia; from his son Galius Julius Aquila. The grave of Celsus was beneath the ground floor, across the entrance and there was a statue of Athena over it. Because Athena was the goddess of the wisdom.
The scrolls of the manuscripts were kept in cupboards in niches on the walls. There were double walls behind the bookcases to prevent the them from the extremes of temperature and humidity. The capacity of the library was more than 12,000 scrolls. It was the third richest library in ancient times after the Alexandra and Pergamum.
The facade of the library has two-stories, with Corinthian style columns on the ground floor and three entrances to the building. There is three windows openings in the upper story. They used an optical trick that the columns at the sides of the facade are shorter than those at the center, giving the illusion of the building being greater in size.
The statues in the niches of the columns today are the copies of the originals. The statues symbolize wisdom (Sophia), knowledge (Episteme), intelligence (Ennoia) and valor (Arete). These are the virtues of Celsus. The library was restored with the aid of the Austrian Archaeological Institute and the originals of the statues were taken to Ephesus Museum in Vienna in 1910.
The great thing about Turkey is the location of many sets of ruins right off it's Aegean and Mediterranean coast. In this case, Ephesus, which is a magnificent ancient Greek city. They are all easy to get to via public transportation.
It is one of the three main streets of Ephesus between The Hercules Gate till to the Celsus Library.This street took its name from the priests who were called as Curetes later.Their names were written in Prytaneion.
~Cornelius Celsus
A bright & cheery shot on this gloomy Wednesday. Anyone else ready for the weekend?
Selçuk, Efes Örenyeri - Ephesus (Turkey)
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The Library of Celsus, Ephesus (Turkey)
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¸.•´¸.•*´¨) ¸.•*¨)
(¸.•´ (¸.•` Moltes gràcies per la visita - Thanks for your visit !!!
All right reserved - Contact: joanotbellver@gmail.com
The Library of Celsus is an ancient Roman building in Ephesus, Anatolia, now part of Selçuk, Turkey. It was built in honour of the Roman Senator Tiberius Julius Celsus Polemaeanus. The library was "one of the most impressive buildings in the Roman Empire" and built to store 12,000 scrolls and to serve as a mausoleum for Celsus, who is buried in a crypt beneath the library in a decorated marble sarcophagus. The Library of Celsus was the "third-largest library in the ancient world" behind both Alexandria and Pergamum.
I wonder how the Greeks and Romans built this so long ago. Even with modern equipment today, there is rarely this much detail and craftsmanship put into construction.
World Heritage list of UNESCO.
The Library of Celsus, Ephesus, Anatolia, Selçuk, Turkey
************
★*´¨)
¸.•´¸.•*´¨) ¸.•*¨)
(¸.•´ (¸.•` Moltes gràcies per la visita - Thanks for your visit !!!
All right reserved - Contact: joanotbellver@gmail.com
Efes
Ephesus (/ˈɛfəsəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἔφεσος Ephesos; Turkish: Efes; may ultimately derive from Hittite Apasa) was an ancient Greek city on the coast of Ionia, three kilometres southwest of present-day Selçuk in İzmir Province, Turkey. It was built in the 10th century BC on the site of the former Arzawan capital by Attic and Ionian Greek colonists. During the Classical Greek era it was one of the twelve cities of the Ionian League. The city flourished after it came under the control of the Roman Republic in 129 BC.
The city was famed for the nearby Temple of Artemis (completed around 550 BC), one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Among many other monumental buildings are the Library of Celsus, and a theatre capable of holding 25,000 spectators.
Ephesos was one of the seven churches of Asia that are cited in the Book of Revelation. The Gospel of John may have been written here. The city was the site of several 5th-century Christian Councils (see Council of Ephesus).
The city was destroyed by the Goths in 263, and although rebuilt, the city's importance as a commercial centre declined as the harbour was slowly silted up by the Küçükmenderes River. It was partially destroyed by an earthquake in AD 614.
The ruins of Ephesus are a favourite international and local tourist attraction, partly owing to their easy access from Adnan Menderes Airport or from the cruise ship port of Kuşadası, some 30 km to the South.
Ref: www.wikizero.com/en/Ephesus
Celsus Library is one of the most beautiful structures in Ephesus. Celcius Library was built in 117 A.D. Celsus Library was a monumental tomb for Gaius Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, the governor of the province of Asia; from his son Galius Julius Aquila. The grave of Celsus was beneath the ground floor, across the entrance and there was a statue of Athena over it. Because Athena was the goddess of the wisdom.
The scrolls of the manuscripts were kept in cupboards in niches on the walls. There were double walls behind the bookcases to prevent the them from the extremes of temperature and humidity. The capacity of the library was more than 12,000 scrolls. It was the third richest library in ancient times after the Alexandra and Pergamum.
The facade of the library has two-stories, with Corinthian style columns on the ground floor and three entrances to the building. There is three windows openings in the upper story. They used an optical trick that the columns at the sides of the facade are shorter than those at the center, giving the illusion of the building being greater in size.
The statues in the niches of the columns today are the copies of the originals. The statues symbolize wisdom (Sophia), knowledge (Episteme), intelligence (Ennoia) and valor (Arete). These are the virtues of Celsus. The library was restored with the aid of the Austrian Archaeological Institute and the originals of the statues were taken to Ephesus Museum in Vienna in 1910.
The famous Ephesus Library was situated to the south of the Agora. This elegant monument was built in A.D. 135 by Julius Aquila in memory of his father, Celsus Polemaeanus of Sardis, Roman Senator and Proconsul of the province of Asia.
The Gate of Mazeus was built in 40 A.D by the slaves Mazeus and Mythridates for their emperor, Augustus, who gave their freedom.
The passages are vaulted, the front side of the vault facing the Celsus Library is made of black marble, while the other side is white. A Latin inscription with inlaid letters made of bronze is still visible on one side of the structure. Part of the inscription states: "From the Emperor Caesar Augustus, the son of the god, the greatest of the priests, who was consul twelve and tribune twenty times; and the wife of August Livia; the son of Lucus, Marc Agrippa who was consul three times, Emperor, and tribune six times; and the daughter of Julio Caesar Augustus, Mazeus and Mythridates to their master and the people."
The small area in front of the gate was used as an auditorium. The steps around the gate, in front of the library and the round pedestal were used as seats. In Byzantine Period, the walls in the small area were built when the city walls were reduced in length.
Ref: www.ephesus.us/ephesus/gateofmazeus.htm
Olympus PEN-F OLYMPUS M.14-42mm F3.5-5.6 EZ
Efezosznak sokezeréves messzeségbe visszanyúló történelme során több fényes korszaka volt. Virágzó gazdasága, kereskedelme, kultúrája, szellemi élete messze földön híressé tették. Számos alkotása – épületei, szobrai – az egyetemes emberi kultúra világszerte ismert és becsült értékei közé tartoznak.
Efezosz városi könyvtára - a pergamoni és az alexandriai mellett - egyike volt a kor három legjelentősebb tudomány-, műveltségtárának...A homlokzati fal kétszintes volt: négy pár oszlop tartotta a középmagasságban húzódó galériát. A feltárás során megtalált és gondosan restaurált töredékekből 1978-ban az egész homlokzati falat teljes magasságban felépítették.
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Die Celsus-Bibliothek war eine öffentliche antike Bibliothek römischer Zeit in Ephesos (nahe der heutigen Stadt Selçuk in der Türkei). Ihre Überreste wurden 1903 bei Ausgrabungen entdeckt. Erbaut wurde sie zwischen 117 und 125 durch die Familie des Suffektkonsuls Iulius Celsus, die dem Ritterstand angehörte. Ephesos ist eine antike Stadt an der türkischen Ägäisküste in der Nähe der heutigen Stadt Selçuk. Die Ausgrabungsfunde spiegeln die Geschichte vergangener Jahrhunderte wider – vom alten Griechenland über das Römische Reich, als die Stadt das wichtigste Handelszentrum des Mittelmeers war, bis zur Ausbreitung des Christentums.