View allAll Photos Tagged Catechism
www.sriyantras.com/christian-symbols.html
Hundreds Of High Resolution Christian Symbols in Mandala Form. The Symbols Of The Cross and The Star Of Bethlehem Drawn In Mandala Formation
The town of Morong traces its origins to the pioneering work of the Franciscans Juan de Plasencia and Diego de Oropesa. Both were responsible for starting most of the lake town mission in 1578. Fr. Plasencia was well known for his mastery of Tagalog and is credited with compiling a dictionary of the vernacular and writing a draft of a catechism which is later used for composing the Doctrina Christiana (1593), the first book printed in the Philippines.
It was not until 1586, that Morong had a friar permanently assigned to attend to the people. The church, dedicated to St. Jerome, stood on the opposite bank of Morong River where the church stands presently. But in 1612 a conflagration consumed the town and with it the church. The townsite was transferred to its present position in 1617. A new church was completed in 1620. The church had remained substantially unchanged until 1850-53, when Fr. Maximo Rico commissioned Bartolome Palatino, a native of Paete, to renovate the facade and build a bell tower. In 1962, the church interior was renovated and facade coated with Portland cement. During the renovation, the dimensions of the windows along the nave were increased and other openings added to the wall adjacent to the convento. The convento is presently a school, although a room on the ground floor adjacent to the church has been set aside for a Blessed Sacrament room.
The Morong facade and bell tower is easily the most striking of all church facades along Laguna de Bay. Frequently photographed and described as baroque, the facade/bell tower is more properly described as neo-baroque because the baroque period ended in the Philippines before 1780. The central portion of the facade surges outward and the catenated balustrade above give the whole a dynamic felling. Various decorative elements, some Mexican in origin, give the facade a richness characteristic of Baroque. Four angels, representing the cardinal virtues, stand at the corners of the bell tower. Fr. Felix Huerta, writing in 1852, states that the facade had finials shaped as jars and shells used for illuminating it.
It is said that it was built by Chinese craftsmen as evidence: two Chinese lion sculptures ( a boy and a girl lion ) at the entrance to the steep driveway. Unfortunately one lion, said to be the girl lion was stolen early year 2000- 2005. Local folklore said that the female lion has a hidden treasure inside it. While the other lion; the Male lion, is safe guarded at the St. Jerome school vicinity.
The stone and mortar church which has a three-story facade, and an octagonal bell tower whose cross is illuminated at night and can be seen from the surrounding countryside. The bell tower of the church is used by local fisher man in the nearby towns as a light house when fishing at night and during the storm. Its Frontispiece and the belfry were renovated by Bartolome Palatino of Paete, between 1850-1853.
Although the church interior was damaged by war, a few elements are worth noting, namely, the crocodile motif carved on the supporting brackets of the choir loft; the bas relief of the Baptism of Jesus in the baptistery, and the image of Saint Jerome on a side altar.
I was dropping off my son to catechism school every Tuesday night. I decided to bring my camera and stop by the Mission first so I can capture the remaining light after the sun finally sets. This gives a nice blue color to the sky instead of black.
SANCTUS: Celebrating A Decade of Catechism & Renewed Faith Through Newly Commissioned Religious Images
(The 1st Primera Salida Exhibit)
Museo ng Makati
Brgy. Poblacion, Makati City
November 4-15, 2011
1st Regular Exhibit Day
November 8, 2011
* Exhibit open everyday (except weekends and holidays), 8 AM thru 5 PM.
**Pictures in set unedited due to bulk and time constraints.
***Attention all exhibitors: Feel free to grab any of the pictures for your personal use. Please cite the source whenever and wherever applicable. Thanks.
The most unique image of Sto. Niño in the Philippines is the "Sto. Niño Dela O".
Dancing, singing in “Simbang Gabi”
SIMBANG gabi in the town of Pangil in Laguna is not just plain misa de gallo, the evening or dawn novena Masses that start Dec. 16 to usher in the celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ. It is also an occasion for dancing, singing and offering of infants.
About a thousand mothers wearing bandanas usually flock to the Our Lady of Nativity Parish Church with their babies, to dance and chant praises to God.
They recite the rosary and sing exaltations to the “Nuestra Señora de La O” (Our Lady of the “O” or Our Lady of Nativity). Holding the “Santo Niño de La O” (Holy Child of the “O” or Holy Child of the Nativity), they dance to the children’s Latin song “Dic Mihi” of the basic Christian catechism amid the beating of the drums.
Every Pangileño knows the tune by heart. The song enumerates the 12 important teachings of the Church.
The ritual is locally called “OO”, which many people believe has been derived from the Latin devotional verses and exaltations that start with “O”, such as: “O Maria! O Virgines Pulcra! O Mater Nostra!”
Long life…
For the elderly, the singing and dancing start immediately after the dawn Mass. For infants and children, the activities take place at 4-5 p.m.
As early as 3 p.m., women and their toddlers troop to the church for the ritual. Residents say the event ensures good health for the young ones and long life, success and prosperity for the families.
The ceremony lasts more than an hour.
The daily ritual runs until Dec. 24, in time for the Pregnant Madonna’s birth of Jesus on Christmas.
The “Santo Niño de La O” is hoisted by a chosen person who dances back and forth along the aisle as the churchgoers sing the “Dic Mihi”.
It is said that bearing the image during the annual feast day procession is a privileged task, for which people line up for years. For instance, someone who has his name listed in 2000 will have to wait until 2015 to carry the Santo Niño. If one has sinned, he or she would find the statue heavy; if guiltless, the statue would be light.
The religious devotion was transformed into a Grand Pa-OO Festival or the Bandana Festival in January 1999, when parishioners started dancing the Santo Niño in the streets, waving pine leaves while dancing.
The date of the festival, now on its sixth year, was changed to Dec. 18 in later years.
Pregnant Madonna…
A church document describes the pregnant Madonna as the life-sized statue of the “Nuestra Señora de La O”, which symbolizes the Blessed Mother heavy with the Child Jesus.
When one views the image closely, the Virgin’s hand expresses amazement while her beautiful face looks intently beyond.
The “Santo Niño de La O”, on the other hand, depicts the Child Jesus inside the womb. Thus, it is hoisted on a wooden pole with a silver circle representing the womb.
The two images are also considered miraculous. The “Nuestra Señora de La O”, in particular, is known to help women who have difficulty in child-bearing.
Four centuries…
The municipality of Pangil is as old as the Our Lady’s Nativity Parish. It is now 430 years old.
Church documents showed that the first church was built by missionaries Fray Juan de Placencia and Fray Diego de Oropesa in Barangay Sulib in 1579. Made of bamboo, the church was destroyed by an earthquake and storms.
In 1611, a stone church and a convent were built under Fray Gonzalo del Robles. At that time, the church was the biggest in Laguna.
Today, the convent of Pangil remains a historic place for one memorable reason: it was host to Prince Carlos III of Spain in 1743. The prince stayed in Pangil and spent time hunting in the forest and swimming in the river, which is now called the “Bambang Hari” by natives.
He stayed in the town for three or four years, church records show, and returned to Spain in 1759. Five years later, in 1764, he was crowned King Carlos III after the death of King Fernando VI, his stepbrother to his father, King Felipe V.
Upon his ascension to the throne of Spain as King Charles III, he sent the statues of “Santo Niño de La O” and “Nuestra Señora de La O” to Pangil as a sign of his gratitude and appreciation for the hospitality accorded to him.
The bandanas used by the festival participants, according to old Pangileños, seek to recall their ancestors who covered their heads as they received the two gifts from King Carlos III along the Laguna Lake on a rainy day of December 1764.
They sang and danced in extreme joy along the streets, carrying the images on their way to the parish church. (INQ7)
Old Meeting House, probably the oldest "place of worship" building in Dudley, West Midlands, England.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The Baylies's were members of the Old Meeting House, Dudley. The brothers Robert and Samuel with their sister Ann having prospered in life and having some idea of the benefits which might accrue to the rising generation, endowed and founded the school bearing their name in Pease Lane, now Tower Street, in 1832. From their tastes, which were mainly educative, we infer from many incidents, that they were of a literary nature, and somewhat in advance of the age.
As all education seemed to be incomplete without a Catechism, the Baylies's being Nonconformist chose and included in their scheme the Assembly's Shorter Catechism as being least Anglican.
The origin of the 'Protestant Dissenters' in Dudley dated from the ejection of the 2000 ministers occasioned by the Act of Nonconformity, which came into force on St Bartholomew's Day, August 24th, 1662. ... In the Birmingham 'Church and King Riots', June 1791, ... many of the chapels round about were dismantled, the Dudley Old Meeting House being among the number.
As stated before, the Baylies's possibly were of this Nonconforming body. www.flickr.com/photos/brianac37/5664749394/in/photostream/
www.jpb.co.uk/booksoc/1898history.htm
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The Old Meeting Congregation legally known as ‘Protestant Dissenters’ were originally Presbyterians but are now Unitarians. And can be traced back to the year 1662, when something like 2,000 Ministers throughout England were ejected from the Church of England, as a result of the Act of Uniformity. The first Chapel was erected in 1702, and was destroyed by rioters in 1715. It was rebuilt in 1717. The transition from old Presbyterianism to Unitarianism was apparently brough about by reason of the trust deed being one of the open kind ‘for the worship of God’ and the progressive change of thought. The Rev. George Eyre Evans (author of Vestiges of Protestant Dissent) in his coming work on ‘Midland Churches’ being the history of all the congregations now on the roll of the Midland Christian Union, and in which this congregation is included, has devoted special attention to the history of this Meeting House. It will contain biographies of the ministers with numerous facsimile autographs, particulars of the buildings, of the now extinct but important Dudley Double Lecture of Baylies’ and Parsons’ Schools, extracted from early prints and government documents, of the Inhedge Burial Ground and the Dudley Book Society. Mr. Eyre Evans having submitted to me his valuable manuscript for perusal and revision, it would be an ungracious act on my part to narrate here what he has written and intends for publication. His work will probably be in the hands of the public during the current year (1899).
The most unique image of Sto. Niño in the Philippines is the "Sto. Niño Dela O".
Dancing, singing in “Simbang Gabi”
SIMBANG gabi in the town of Pangil in Laguna is not just plain misa de gallo, the evening or dawn novena Masses that start Dec. 16 to usher in the celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ. It is also an occasion for dancing, singing and offering of infants.
About a thousand mothers wearing bandanas usually flock to the Our Lady of Nativity Parish Church with their babies, to dance and chant praises to God.
They recite the rosary and sing exaltations to the “Nuestra Señora de La O” (Our Lady of the “O” or Our Lady of Nativity). Holding the “Santo Niño de La O” (Holy Child of the “O” or Holy Child of the Nativity), they dance to the children’s Latin song “Dic Mihi” of the basic Christian catechism amid the beating of the drums.
Every Pangileño knows the tune by heart. The song enumerates the 12 important teachings of the Church.
The ritual is locally called “OO”, which many people believe has been derived from the Latin devotional verses and exaltations that start with “O”, such as: “O Maria! O Virgines Pulcra! O Mater Nostra!”
Long life…
For the elderly, the singing and dancing start immediately after the dawn Mass. For infants and children, the activities take place at 4-5 p.m.
As early as 3 p.m., women and their toddlers troop to the church for the ritual. Residents say the event ensures good health for the young ones and long life, success and prosperity for the families.
The ceremony lasts more than an hour.
The daily ritual runs until Dec. 24, in time for the Pregnant Madonna’s birth of Jesus on Christmas.
The “Santo Niño de La O” is hoisted by a chosen person who dances back and forth along the aisle as the churchgoers sing the “Dic Mihi”.
It is said that bearing the image during the annual feast day procession is a privileged task, for which people line up for years. For instance, someone who has his name listed in 2000 will have to wait until 2015 to carry the Santo Niño. If one has sinned, he or she would find the statue heavy; if guiltless, the statue would be light.
The religious devotion was transformed into a Grand Pa-OO Festival or the Bandana Festival in January 1999, when parishioners started dancing the Santo Niño in the streets, waving pine leaves while dancing.
The date of the festival, now on its sixth year, was changed to Dec. 18 in later years.
Pregnant Madonna…
A church document describes the pregnant Madonna as the life-sized statue of the “Nuestra Señora de La O”, which symbolizes the Blessed Mother heavy with the Child Jesus.
When one views the image closely, the Virgin’s hand expresses amazement while her beautiful face looks intently beyond.
The “Santo Niño de La O”, on the other hand, depicts the Child Jesus inside the womb. Thus, it is hoisted on a wooden pole with a silver circle representing the womb.
The two images are also considered miraculous. The “Nuestra Señora de La O”, in particular, is known to help women who have difficulty in child-bearing.
Four centuries…
The municipality of Pangil is as old as the Our Lady’s Nativity Parish. It is now 430 years old.
Church documents showed that the first church was built by missionaries Fray Juan de Placencia and Fray Diego de Oropesa in Barangay Sulib in 1579. Made of bamboo, the church was destroyed by an earthquake and storms.
In 1611, a stone church and a convent were built under Fray Gonzalo del Robles. At that time, the church was the biggest in Laguna.
Today, the convent of Pangil remains a historic place for one memorable reason: it was host to Prince Carlos III of Spain in 1743. The prince stayed in Pangil and spent time hunting in the forest and swimming in the river, which is now called the “Bambang Hari” by natives.
He stayed in the town for three or four years, church records show, and returned to Spain in 1759. Five years later, in 1764, he was crowned King Carlos III after the death of King Fernando VI, his stepbrother to his father, King Felipe V.
Upon his ascension to the throne of Spain as King Charles III, he sent the statues of “Santo Niño de La O” and “Nuestra Señora de La O” to Pangil as a sign of his gratitude and appreciation for the hospitality accorded to him.
The bandanas used by the festival participants, according to old Pangileños, seek to recall their ancestors who covered their heads as they received the two gifts from King Carlos III along the Laguna Lake on a rainy day of December 1764.
They sang and danced in extreme joy along the streets, carrying the images on their way to the parish church. (INQ7)
Volunteers and students take a break from regular catechism classes to paint lovely images with coffee.
The most unique image of Sto. Niño in the Philippines is the "Sto. Niño Dela O".
Dancing, singing in “Simbang Gabi”
SIMBANG gabi in the town of Pangil in Laguna is not just plain misa de gallo, the evening or dawn novena Masses that start Dec. 16 to usher in the celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ. It is also an occasion for dancing, singing and offering of infants.
About a thousand mothers wearing bandanas usually flock to the Our Lady of Nativity Parish Church with their babies, to dance and chant praises to God.
They recite the rosary and sing exaltations to the “Nuestra Señora de La O” (Our Lady of the “O” or Our Lady of Nativity). Holding the “Santo Niño de La O” (Holy Child of the “O” or Holy Child of the Nativity), they dance to the children’s Latin song “Dic Mihi” of the basic Christian catechism amid the beating of the drums.
Every Pangileño knows the tune by heart. The song enumerates the 12 important teachings of the Church.
The ritual is locally called “OO”, which many people believe has been derived from the Latin devotional verses and exaltations that start with “O”, such as: “O Maria! O Virgines Pulcra! O Mater Nostra!”
Long life…
For the elderly, the singing and dancing start immediately after the dawn Mass. For infants and children, the activities take place at 4-5 p.m.
As early as 3 p.m., women and their toddlers troop to the church for the ritual. Residents say the event ensures good health for the young ones and long life, success and prosperity for the families.
The ceremony lasts more than an hour.
The daily ritual runs until Dec. 24, in time for the Pregnant Madonna’s birth of Jesus on Christmas.
The “Santo Niño de La O” is hoisted by a chosen person who dances back and forth along the aisle as the churchgoers sing the “Dic Mihi”.
It is said that bearing the image during the annual feast day procession is a privileged task, for which people line up for years. For instance, someone who has his name listed in 2000 will have to wait until 2015 to carry the Santo Niño. If one has sinned, he or she would find the statue heavy; if guiltless, the statue would be light.
The religious devotion was transformed into a Grand Pa-OO Festival or the Bandana Festival in January 1999, when parishioners started dancing the Santo Niño in the streets, waving pine leaves while dancing.
The date of the festival, now on its sixth year, was changed to Dec. 18 in later years.
Pregnant Madonna…
A church document describes the pregnant Madonna as the life-sized statue of the “Nuestra Señora de La O”, which symbolizes the Blessed Mother heavy with the Child Jesus.
When one views the image closely, the Virgin’s hand expresses amazement while her beautiful face looks intently beyond.
The “Santo Niño de La O”, on the other hand, depicts the Child Jesus inside the womb. Thus, it is hoisted on a wooden pole with a silver circle representing the womb.
The two images are also considered miraculous. The “Nuestra Señora de La O”, in particular, is known to help women who have difficulty in child-bearing.
Four centuries…
The municipality of Pangil is as old as the Our Lady’s Nativity Parish. It is now 430 years old.
Church documents showed that the first church was built by missionaries Fray Juan de Placencia and Fray Diego de Oropesa in Barangay Sulib in 1579. Made of bamboo, the church was destroyed by an earthquake and storms.
In 1611, a stone church and a convent were built under Fray Gonzalo del Robles. At that time, the church was the biggest in Laguna.
Today, the convent of Pangil remains a historic place for one memorable reason: it was host to Prince Carlos III of Spain in 1743. The prince stayed in Pangil and spent time hunting in the forest and swimming in the river, which is now called the “Bambang Hari” by natives.
He stayed in the town for three or four years, church records show, and returned to Spain in 1759. Five years later, in 1764, he was crowned King Carlos III after the death of King Fernando VI, his stepbrother to his father, King Felipe V.
Upon his ascension to the throne of Spain as King Charles III, he sent the statues of “Santo Niño de La O” and “Nuestra Señora de La O” to Pangil as a sign of his gratitude and appreciation for the hospitality accorded to him.
The bandanas used by the festival participants, according to old Pangileños, seek to recall their ancestors who covered their heads as they received the two gifts from King Carlos III along the Laguna Lake on a rainy day of December 1764.
They sang and danced in extreme joy along the streets, carrying the images on their way to the parish church. (INQ7)
Maltese people should be very proud for having their first Saint on June 3rd St. George Preca as one of the most popular Maltese priests of the 20th century, Dun Gorg Preca is by many believe to have brought a revolution in the nation’s Church by redefining the status and role of the laity.
Gorg Preca was born in Valletta on the February 12th 1880 and was the seventh of nine children. Early in his childhood, his family moved to Hamrun, where he started serving Mass as an altar boy, indicating he was interesting in the church from the very first years of his life.
After finishing his studies at the Lyceum Gorg Preca entered the seminary and was ordained a deacon. In the meantime he suffered lung failure and was discouraged from buying vestments or a missal in preparation for the priesthood because of his bleak prognosis.
However, on December 22nd 1906 he was ordained a priest, after a remarkable recovery.
During his time at the seminary, Gorg Preca would often offer his fellow companions words of wisdom, among them a phrase he has heard from his confessor and spiritual director Dun Alwig Galea: “God has chosen you to teach his people.” Dun Gorg Preca lived by these words and often repeated them to those who crossed his path.
The words are also reflected in an idea he toyed with early during priesthood, namely to prepare youths so they would be able to offer others religious formation. Just three months after being ordained a priest on March 7th 1907, the Society of Christian doctrine, a society of lay catechists, was born. On this day Dun Gorg Preca rented a house on Fra Diegu Street in Hamrun and gathered young men and women there to teaching them catechism.
In 1909, the priest was ordered to close down premises where he held his activities amid fears that the laymen trained by his society were not well-educated enough, despite Dun Gorg’s insistence on the permanent instruction of his “socji” [members]. He wrote 135 books in order to give them a solid formation.
The Maltese Curia eventually retracted the order; however the society, commonly referred to as M.U.S.E.U.M, was not approved by Archbishop Mauro Caruana and other ecclesiastical authorities until 1932, when a decree of the canonical [Legal] erection of the Society was issued on April 12th.
The acronym M.U.S.E.U.M refers to the word “museum”, through which the word of God is to be conserved, as well as to the Latin words “Magister utinam sequatur Evangeliium universus mundus”: Father, may the whole world follow the Gospel.
By the time World War Two downed, the group was carrying out its activities in all Maltese and Gozitan parishes. For 54 years, Dun Gorg Preca did his utmost so that the M.U.S.E.U.M would flourish. However in 1961 Dun Gorg started experiencing serious health problems and was forced to retired in-doors. Dun Gorg Preca died on July 26th 1962 in Santa Venera.
Today, the Society consists of approximately 110 centers and 1,110 members. Altogether, it is responsible for about 20,000 young men and women in the Maltese Islands, in Australia, Peru, Sudan, United Kingdom, Kenya and Albania.
Weeding out ‘pew potatoes’: New ministry targets lukewarm faith
By Ambria Hammel | Sept. 3, 2009 | The Catholic Sun
MESA — Steve Kohl gets great joy and affirmation when he sees the faces of his students light up during Mass.
As an acolyte at All Saints Parish, Kohl, who also teaches Rite of Christian Initiation for Adults, can clearly see when certain parts of the Mass take on a new and profound meaning for his students. Their faces change as the ritual becomes real to them.
Seeing his students enter more deeply into their faith is a reward Kohl can’t explain. But it’s a look that he hopes he can help multiply through his new role as coordinator of Faith on Fire.
The Mesa-based Catholic ministry officially got underway last month. Faith on Fire offers on-site courses, workshops, missions and retreats designed to ignite a universal passion for the faith.
The hope is for Catholics and catechetical leaders to be renewed in their faith, grounded in solid teaching and equipped to truly live and spread their faith.
“Faith on Fire is a response to the need in the diocese that we saw for ongoing formation, retreats and missions. The things that parishes always need, but don’t always have the personnel,” explained Sr. Ginger Downey, OLVM, a local liturgical expert and one of two presenters with the ministry.
Both Sr. Ginger and Barry Sargent, former director of the diocese’s Kino Institute, expect that Catholics will walk away from their presentations on liturgy and evangelization strengthened in at least one of the four pillars of faith formation: theological, pastoral, spiritual and human.
They each gave sample presentations to more than 50 local Catholics during their kickoff events Aug. 18-20.
Sr. Ginger addressed some 30 Catholics at All Saints Parish Aug. 20 about grounding their ministry — whether it’s catechetical or missionary — in the prayer of the Church. Similar presentations were held in Glendale and Flagstaff the same week.
“If you’re a catechist, you are going to be teaching others,” Sr. Ginger said. “We can only give what we have ourselves, so if we don’t have a prayer life, we can’t give that to others.”
She talked about ways the universal Church creates a prayerful atmosphere through architecture, statuary, lighting and incense. Sr. Ginger also challenged local Catholics — largely catechists — to think about similar things when setting up prayer space in the classroom.
Even where the leader stands makes a difference, Sr. Ginger said. She added that how Catholics pray shapes their understanding of God.
“It was a good presentation of how to connect theology with spirituality in action,” said Cecilia Roderick, an All Saints parishioner and chaplain at local hospitals. She hopes to learn more concrete ideas for the “action” part.
Faith on Fire also offers specific classes through its catechetical formation program. Sargent, who has a doctorate in religious studies, hopes parishes will encourage catechists to take one or all three courses in the program.
“We need to be people who are active and conscious of what it means to be a Catholic people,” Sargent told Catholics at the kickoff.
Only then can they communicate the faith in effective and meaningful ways without fear of rejection, he said. That means knowing what people are hungry for in a contemporary society and modifying practices to meet those needs.
Faith on Fire’s pastoral skills program provides formation training in communication, leadership and ministry to help those in pastoral ministry better serve their Catholic students.
That’s why Ryck Kramer, a parishioner at All Saints, came to the Faith on Fire presentation. He helps facilitate the “Why Catholic?” program at the parish and wanted to be better prepared to answer student questions and represent his faith “in a proper manner.”
Faith on Fire also hopes to reach Catholics not involved in a ministry to prevent them from becoming a “pew potato.” Sargent wants to inspire Catholics to embrace their ongoing call to conversion and understand their vocation. He said vocations open a relationship to Christ, to the Church as a ministry and to the world as a missionary and witness.
“All of us are called to be on mission,” Sargent said.
More: www.catholicsun.org
ORDERING INFORMATION
Looking for a glossy/matte copy of this photo? Please call 602-354-2132 or send an e-mail for ordering information. Please note the photo's title when ordering. Download the order form here.
Copyright 2006-2009 The Catholic Sun. All rights reserved. This photo and all photos on this Web site credited to The Catholic Sun are provided for personal use only and may not be published, broadcasted, transmitted or sold without the expressed consent of The Catholic Sun.
www.sriyantras.com/christian-symbols.html
Hundreds Of High Resolution Christian Symbols in Mandala Form. The Symbols Of The Cross and The Star Of Bethlehem Drawn In Mandala Formation
Myself circa 1980/1981, second grade
….I LOVED Saturday mornings. I would NEVER wake up in time for school, but I would get up at 6:30 in the morning on Saturdays to watch my favorite cartoons with a bowl of Lucky Charms. Although… my mom was and is a REALLY sound sleeper and sometimes I could get away with eating Doritos for breakfast. I would try to stay as quiet as possible so as not to wake my mother up in time to take me to catechism. My favorite cartoons were the Super Friends Hour, Scooby Doo, Popeye and The Smurfs. I loved playing TACKLE football with the neighborhood kids. Yes, tackle. During the summer, we would play until the street lights came on. I guess I was always pretty competitive. I was very sporty. I guess you could call me a bit of a “tomboy” (I strongly dislike that term), but I was also a bit of a “girlie-girl“. I loved to dress up and I loved playing with my stuffed animals and dolls. My FAVORITE song at the time was Celebration by Kool and the Gang, but I also liked Jessie’s Girl by Rick Springfield. MTV premiered that year which turned me on to music that I had never heard of before. My parents were fans of the Beatles, so I DEFINITELY became a Beatles fan (I HEART Paul McCartney). However, their musical taste at the time would probably be what Jimmy Fallon calls “Yacht Rock” now. MTV introduced me to Pat Benatar, REO Speedwagon, and the Talking Heads (Once in a Lifetime). My favorite movie was Grease. I wanted to be Olivia Newton John in her cool outfit at the end of the movie. I loved John Travolta, but I LOVED Andy Gibb more. I had a HUGE crush on him. Those moments bring back such fond memories… Of course, even at eight, life wasn’t easy… But I had my Lucky Charms and cartoons to take the blues away… If only…
And you may find yourself living in a shotgun shack
And you may find yourself in another part of the world
And you may find yourself behind the wheel of a large automobile
And you may find yourself in a beautiful house, with a beautiful wife
And you may ask yourself-Well...How did I get here?
-Talking Heads
In the background you can see Heidelberg Castle.
Im Hintergrund sieht man das Heidelberger Schloss.
Heidelberg (German: [ˈhaɪdl̩bɛʁk]) is a city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the river Neckar in south-west Germany. In the 2016 census, its population was 159,914, of which roughly a quarter consisted of students.
Located about 78 km (48 mi) south of Frankfurt, Heidelberg is the fifth-largest city in Baden-Württemberg. Heidelberg is part of the densely populated Rhine-Neckar Metropolitan Region.
Heidelberg University, founded in 1386, is Germany's oldest and one of Europe's most reputable universities. Heidelberg is a scientific hub in Germany and home to several internationally renowned research facilities adjacent to its university, including the European Molecular Biology Laboratory and four Max Planck Institutes. The city has also been a hub for the arts, especially literature, throughout the centuries, and it was designated a "City of Literature" by the UNESCO Creative Cities Network.
Heidelberg was a seat of government of the former Electorate of the Palatinate and is a popular tourist destination due to its romantic cityscape, including Heidelberg Castle, the Philosophers' Walk, and the Baroque old town.
Geography
Heidelberg is in the Rhine Rift Valley, on the left bank of the lower part of the Neckar in a steep valley in the Odenwald. It is bordered by the Königsstuhl (568 m) and the Gaisberg (375 m) mountains. The Neckar here flows in an east–west direction. On the right bank of the river, the Heiligenberg mountain rises to a height of 445 meters. The Neckar flows into the Rhine approximately 22 kilometres north-west in Mannheim. Villages incorporated during the 20th century stretch from the Neckar Valley along the Bergstraße, a road running along the Odenwald hills.
Heidelberg is on European walking route E1 (Sweden-Umbria).
History
Early history
Between 600,000 and 200,000 years ago, "Heidelberg Man" died at nearby Mauer. His jaw bone was discovered in 1907. Scientific dating determined his remains as the earliest evidence of human life in Europe. In the 5th century BC, a Celtic fortress of refuge and place of worship were built on the Heiligenberg, or "Holy Mountain". Both places can still be identified. In 40 AD, a fort was built and occupied by the 24th Roman cohort and the 2nd Cyrenaican cohort (CCG XXIIII and CCH II CYR). The late Roman Emperor Valentinian I, in 369 AD, built new and maintained older castra (permanent camps) and a signal tower on the bank of the Neckar. They built a wooden bridge based on stone pillars across it. The camp protected the first civilian settlements and was eventually captured by Germanic tribes. The local administrative center in Roman times was the nearby city of Lopodunum, today known as Ladenburg.
Middle Ages
Modern Heidelberg can trace its beginnings to the fifth century. The village Bergheim ("Mountain Home") is first mentioned for that period in documents dated to 769 AD. Bergheim now lies in the middle of modern Heidelberg. The people gradually converted to Christianity. In 870 AD, the monastery of St. Michael was founded on the Heiligenberg inside the double rampart of the Celtic fortress. Around 1130, the Neuburg Monastery was founded in the Neckar valley. At the same time, the bishopric of Worms extended its influence into the valley, founding Schönau Abbey in 1142. Modern Heidelberg can trace its roots to this 12th-century monastery. The first reference to Heidelberg can be found in a document in Schönau Abbey dated to 1196. This is considered to be the town's founding date. In 1156, Heidelberg castle and its neighboring settlement were taken over by the house of Hohenstaufen. Conrad of Hohenstaufen became Count Palatine of the Rhine (German: Pfalzgraf bei Rhein). In 1195, the Electorate of the Palatinate passed to the House of Welf through marriage. In 1214, Ludwig I, Duke of Bavaria acquired the Palatinate, as a consequence of which the castle came under his control. By 1303, another castle had been constructed for defense. In 1356, the Counts Palatine were granted far-reaching rights in the Golden Bull, in addition to becoming Electors. In 1386, Heidelberg University was founded by Rupert I, Elector Palatine.
Modern history
Heidelberg University played a leading part in Medieval Scholasticism, Renaissance humanism, the German Reformation, and in the subsequent conflict between Lutheranism and Calvinism during the 15th and 16th centuries. In April 1518, a few months after proclaiming his Ninety-five Theses, Martin Luther was received in Heidelberg, to defend them.
Heidelberg's library, founded in 1421, is the oldest existing public library in Germany.
In 1537, the castle located higher up the mountain was destroyed by a gunpowder explosion. The duke's palace was built at the site of the lower castle.
Elector Frederick III, sovereign of the Electoral Palatinate from 1559 to 1576, commissioned the composition of a new Catechism for his territory. While the catechism's introduction credits the "entire theological faculty here" (at the University of Heidelberg) and "all the superintendents and prominent servants of the church" for the composition of the Catechism, Zacharius Ursinus is commonly regarded as the catechism's principal author. Caspar Olevianus (1536–1587) was formerly asserted as a co-author of the document, though this theory has been largely discarded by modern scholarship. Johann Sylvan, Adam Neuser, Johannes Willing, Thomas Erastus, Michael Diller, Johannes Brunner, Tilemann Mumius, Petrus Macheropoeus, Johannes Eisenmenger, Immanuel Tremellius and Pierre Boquin are all likely to have contributed to the Catechism in some way. Frederick himself wrote the preface to the Catechism and closely oversaw its composition and publication. Frederick, who was officially Lutheran but had strong Reformed leanings, wanted to even out the religious situation of his highly Lutheran territory within the primarily Catholic Holy Roman Empire. The Council of Trent had just concluded with its conclusions and decrees against the Protestant faiths, and the Peace of Augsburg had only granted toleration for Lutheranism within the empire where the ruler was Lutheran. One of the aims of the catechism was to counteract the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church as well as Anabaptists and "strict" Gnesio-Lutherans like Tilemann Heshusius and Matthias Flacius, who were resisting Frederick's Reformed influences, particularly on the matter of Eucharist (the Lord's Supper). The Catechism-based each of its statements on biblical proof-texts, and Frederick himself would defend it as biblical, not reformed, at the 1566 Diet of Augsburg when he was called to answer to charges of violating the Peace of Augsburg. This was the Heidelberg Catechism, officially called the ″Catechism, or Christian Instruction, according to the Usages of the Churches and Schools of the Electoral Palatinate.″
In November 1619, the Royal Crown of Bohemia was offered to the Elector, Frederick V. (He was married to Princess Elizabeth, eldest daughter of James VI and I of Scotland and England, respectively.) Frederick became known as the "Winter King", as he reigned for only one winter before the Imperial House of Habsburg regained Bohemia by force. His overthrow in 1621 marked the beginning of the Thirty Years' War. In 1622, after a siege of two months, the armies of the Catholic League, commanded by Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly, captured the town. Tilly gave the famous Bibliotheca Palatina from the Church of the Holy Spirit to the Pope as a present. The Catholic and Bavarian House of Wittelsbach gained control over the Palatinate and the title of Prince-Elector.
In late 1634, after the Swedish army had conquered Heidelberg, imperial forces attempted to recapture the city. They quickly took the city, but were unable to take the castle. As they prepared to blow up its fortifications with gunpowder the French army arrived, 30,000 men strong, led by Urbain de Maillé-Brézé, who had fought in many battles and participated in the Siege of La Rochelle (1627–1628), and Jacques-Nompar de Caumont, duc de La Force. They broke the siege and drove off the Imperial forces.
In 1648, at the end of the war, Frederick V's son Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine, was able to recover his titles and lands. To strengthen his dynasty, Charles I Louis arranged the marriage of his daughter Liselotte to Philip I, Duke of Orléans, brother of Louis XIV, King of France. In 1685, after the death of Charles Louis' son, Elector Charles II, King Louis XIV laid claim to his sister-in-law's inheritance. The Germans rejected the claim, in part because of religious differences between local Protestants and the French Catholics, as the Protestant Reformation had divided the peoples of Europe. The War of the Grand Alliance ensued. In 1689, French troops took the town and castle, bringing nearly total destruction to the area in 1693. As a result of the destruction due to repeated French invasions related to the War of the Palatinate Succession coupled with severe winters, thousands of German Calvinist Palatines emigrated in the early 18th century. They fled to other European cities and especially to London (where the refugees were called "the poor Palatines"). In sympathy for the Protestants, in 1709–1710, Queen Anne's government arranged transport for nearly 6,000 Palatines to New York. Others were transported to Pennsylvania, and to South Carolina. They worked their passage and later settled in the English colonies there.
In 1720, after assigning a major church for exclusively Catholic use, religious conflicts with the mostly Protestant inhabitants of Heidelberg caused the Roman Catholic Prince-Elector Charles III Philip to transfer his court to nearby Mannheim. The court remained there until the Elector Charles Theodore became Elector of Bavaria in 1777 and established his court in Munich. In 1742, Elector Charles Theodore began rebuilding the Palace. In 1764, a lightning bolt destroyed other palace buildings during reconstruction, causing the work to be discontinued.
1803 to 1933
Heidelberg fell to the Grand Duchy of Baden in 1803. Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden, re-founded the university, named "Ruperto-Carola" after its two founders. Notable scholars soon earned it a reputation as a "royal residence of the intellect". In the 18th century, the town was rebuilt in the Baroque style on the old medieval layout.
In 1810 the French revolution refugee Count Charles Graimberg began to preserve the palace ruins and establish a historical collection. In 1815, the Emperor of Austria, the Emperor of Russia and the King of Prussia formed the "Holy Alliance" in Heidelberg. In 1848, the German National Assembly was held there. In 1849, during the Palatinate-Baden rebellion of the 1848 Revolutions, Heidelberg was the headquarters of a revolutionary army. It was defeated by a Prussian army near Waghaeusel. The city was occupied by Prussian troops until 1850. Between 1920 and 1933, Heidelberg University became a center of notable physicians Czerny, Erb, and Krehl; and humanists Rohde, Weber, and Gandolf.
Nazism and the World War II-period
During the Nazi period (1933–1945), Heidelberg was a stronghold of the NSDAP/Nazi party, (the National Socialist German Workers' Party) the strongest party in the elections before 1933 (the NSDAP obtained 30% at the communal elections of 1930). The NSDAP received 45.9% of the votes in the German federal election of March 1933 (the national average was 43.9%). In 1934 and 1935 the Reichsarbeitsdienst (State Labor Service) and Heidelberg University students built the huge Thingstätte amphitheatre on the Heiligenberg north of the town, for Nazi Party and SS events. A few months later, the inauguration of the huge Ehrenfriedhof memorial cemetery completed the second and last NSDAP project in Heidelberg. This cemetery is on the southern side of the old part of town, a little south of the Königstuhl hilltop, and faces west towards France. During World War II and after, Wehrmacht soldiers were buried there.
During the Kristallnacht on November 9, 1938, Nazis burned down synagogues at two locations in the city. The next day, they started the systematic deportation of Jews, sending 150 to Dachau concentration camp. On October 22, 1940, during the "Wagner Buerckel event", the Nazis deported 6000 local Jews, including 281 from Heidelberg, to Camp Gurs concentration camp in France. Within a few months, as many as 1000 of them (201 from Heidelberg) died of hunger and disease. Among the deportees from Heidelberg, the poet Alfred Mombert (1872–1942) left the concentration camp in April 1941 thanks to the Swiss poet Hans Reinhart but died shortly thereafter due to illness he contracted while held prisoner. From 1942, the deportees who had survived internment in Gurs were deported to Eastern Europe, where most of them were murdered.
On March 29, 1945, German troops left the city after destroying three arches of the old bridge, Heidelberg's treasured river crossing. They also destroyed the more modern bridge downstream. The U.S. Army (63rd Infantry, 7th Army) entered the town on March 30, 1945. The civilian population surrendered without resistance.
Heidelberg, unlike most German cities and towns, was spared from Allied bombing raids during the war. A popular belief is that Heidelberg escaped bombing because the U.S. Army wanted to use the city as a garrison after the war, but, as Heidelberg was neither an industrial center nor a transport hub, it did not present a tactical or strategic target. Other notable university towns, such as Tübingen and Göttingen, were spared bombing as well. Allied air raids focused extensively on the nearby industrial cities of Mannheim and Ludwigshafen.
The U.S. Army may have chosen Heidelberg as a garrison base because of its excellent infrastructure, including the Heidelberg–Mannheim Autobahn (motorway), which connected to the Mannheim–Darmstadt–Frankfurt Autobahn, and the U.S. Army installations in Mannheim and Frankfurt. The intact rail infrastructure was more important in the late 1940s and early 1950s when most heavy loads were still carried by train, not by truck. Heidelberg had the untouched Wehrmacht barracks, the "Grossdeutschland Kaserne" which the US Army occupied soon after, renaming it the Campbell Barracks.
History after 1945
In 1945, the university was reopened relatively quickly on the initiative of a small group of professors, among whom were the anti-Nazi economist Alfred Weber and the philosopher Karl Jaspers. The surgeon Karl Heinrich Bauer was nominated rector.
On 9 December 1945, US Army General George S. Patton was involved in a car accident in the adjacent city of Mannheim and died in the Heidelberg US Army hospital on December 21, 1945. His funeral ceremony was held at the Heidelberg-Weststadt Christuskirche (Christ Church), and he was buried in the 3rd Army cemetery in Luxembourg.
During the post-war military occupation, the U.S. Army used the Thingstätte for cultural and religious events. Civilian use started in the early to mid-1980s for occasional concerts and other cultural events. Today, the celebrations on Hexennacht ("Witches' Night"), also called Walpurgis Night), the night of April 30, are a regular "underground" fixture at the Thingstätte. Thousands of mostly young people congregate there to drum, to breathe fire, and to juggle. The event has gained fame throughout the region, as well as a certain notoriety due to the amount of litter left behind. Officially, this event is forbidden due to security concerns. The City declares it will fence the Thingstätte and prosecute any trespassers.
In 2022, a mass shooting occurred in the university, killing a woman and injuring three other people. The gunman then committed suicide.
Cityscape
The old town
The "old town" (German: Altstadt), on the south bank of the Neckar, is long and narrow. It is dominated by the ruins of Heidelberg Castle, 80 metres above the Neckar on the steep wooded slopes of the Königstuhl (King's chair or throne) hill.
The Main Street (Hauptstrasse), a mile-long pedestrian street, running the length of the old town.
The old stone bridge was erected 1786–1788. A medieval bridge gate is on the side of the old town, and was originally part of the town wall. Baroque tower helmets were added as part of the erection of the stone bridge in 1788.
The Church of the Holy Spirit (Heiliggeistkirche), a late Gothic church in the marketplace of the old town.
The Karls‘ gate (Karlstor) is a triumphal arch in honour of the Prince Elector Karl Theodor, located at Heidelberg's east side. It was built 1775–1781 and designed by Nicolas de Pigage.
The house Zum Ritter Sankt Georg (Knight St. George) is one of the few buildings to survive the War of Succession. Standing across from the Church of the Holy Spirit, it was built in the style of the late Renaissance. It is named after the sculpture at the top.
The Marstall (Stables), a 16th-century building on the Neckar that has served several purposes through its history. It is now a cafeteria for the university.
Heidelberg Castle
The castle is a mix of styles from Gothic to Renaissance. Prince Elector Ruprecht III (1398–1410) erected the first building in the inner courtyard as a royal residence. The building was divided into a ground floor made of stone and framework upper levels. Another royal building is located opposite the Ruprecht Building: the Fountain Hall. Prince Elector Philipp (1476–1508) is said to have arranged the transfer of the hall's columns from a decayed palace of Charlemagne from Ingelheim to Heidelberg.
In the 16th and 17th centuries, the Prince Electors added two palace buildings and turned the fortress into a castle. The two dominant buildings at the eastern and northern side of the courtyard were erected during the rule of Ottheinrich (1556–1559) and Friedrich IV (1583–1610). Under Friedrich V (1613–1619), the main building of the west side was erected, the so-called "English Building".
The castle and its garden were destroyed several times during the Thirty Years' War and the Palatine War of Succession. As Prince Elector Karl Theodor tried to restore the castle, lightning struck in 1764, and ended all attempts at rebuilding. Later on, the castle was misused as a quarry; stones from the castle were taken to build new houses in Heidelberg. This was stopped in 1800 by Count Charles de Graimberg, who then began the process of preserving the castle.
Although the interior is in Gothic style, the King's Hall was not built until 1934. Today, the hall is used for festivities, e.g. dinner banquets, balls and theatre performances. During the Heidelberg Castle Festival in the summer, the courtyard is the site of open air musicals, operas, theatre performances, and classical concerts performed by the Heidelberg Philharmonics.
The castle is surrounded by a park, where the famous poet Johann von Goethe once walked. The Heidelberger Bergbahn funicular railway runs from Kornmakt to the summit of the Königstuhl via the castle.
The castle looks over the entire city of Heidelberg and the Neckar Valley.
Philosophers' Walk
On the northern side of the Neckar is located the Heiligenberg (Saints' Mountain), along the side of which runs the Philosophers' Walk (German: Philosophenweg), with scenic views of the old town and castle. Traditionally, Heidelberg's philosophers and university professors would walk and talk along the pathway. Farther up the mountain lie the ruined 11th-century Monastery of St. Michael, the smaller Monastery of St. Stephen, a Nazi-era amphitheater, the so-called Pagan's hole and the remains of an earthen Celtic hill fort from the 4th century BC.
Heidelberg churches
There are many historical churches in Heidelberg and its surroundings. The Church of the Holy Spirit has been shared over the centuries since the Protestant Reformation by both Catholics and Protestants. It is one of the few buildings to survive the many wars during the past centuries. It was rebuilt after the French set fire to it in 1709 during the War of the Palatinian Succession. The church has remains of the tombs and epitaphs of the past Palatinate electors. This Church stands in the Marktplatz next to the seat of local government. In 1720, Karl III Philip, Elector Palatine came into conflict with the town's Protestants as a result of giving the Church of the Holy Spirit exclusively to the Catholics for their use. It had previously been split by a partition and used by both congregations. Due to pressure by the mostly Protestant powers of Prussia, Holland, and Sweden, Prince Karl III Philip gave way and repartitioned the church for joint use. In 1936 the separating wall was removed. The church is now exclusively used by Protestants. Furthermore, there is the Catholic Church of the Jesuits. Its construction began in 1712. It was completed with the addition of a bell tower from 1866 to 1872. The church is also home to the Museum für sakrale Kunst und Liturgie (Museum of Ecclesiastical Arts). The oldest church in Heidelberg is the St. Peter's Church (now Lutheran). It was built some time during the 12th century.
Tourism
In 2004, 81.8% of people worked for service industries, including tourism. As a relic of the period of Romanticism, Heidelberg has been labeled a "Romantic town". This is used to attract more than 11.9 million visitors every year. Many events are organized to attract visitors. One of the biggest tourist attractions is the Christmas market during the winter time.
Popular movies, TV and games
Heidelberg features in the 1968 film The Girl on a Motorcycle, the university being the ultimate destination of Marianne Faithfull's character.
Heidelberg also features during a mission in the Electronic Arts strategy game Red Alert 3.
Morris from America takes places in Heidelberg.
In the Watchmen TV series which serves as alternate direct sequels to the original Watchmen graphic novel, Dr. Manhattan aka Jonathan "Jon" Osterman aka Calvin "Cal" Abar (né Jelani), is said to be born in Heidelberg, Germany and immigrates to the US along with his father.
Heidelberg is also revealed to be the home town of Sergeant Schultz on Hogan's Heroes.
Popular literature
Heidelberg Castle forms the setting for the beginning of Mark Twain's story The Awful German Language.
Most of David Lodge's novel Out of the Shelter takes place in Heidelberg in 1951 during the American occupation after World War II.
Heidelberg is the home of a professional Quidditch team operating within the fictional Harry Potter universe: the Heidelberg Harriers have been described as “fiercer than a dragon and twice as clever”.[45]
Heidelberg is the residence of fictional character Nina Fortner/Anna Liebert in the anime/manga series Monster, by Naoki Urasawa.
Heidelberg also features in Somerset Maugham's Of Human Bondage and its film versions.
Heidelberg also is he setting of some German crime novels, for example by Wolfgang Burger (protagonist: Detective Gerlach) or Carlo Schäfer (protagonist: Detective Theurer).
(Wikipedia)
The Kornmarkt ("Corn market") is a square in the Altstadt of Heidelberg, near the Marktplatz. The north edge of the Kornmarkt is marked by the Hauptstrasse, the south by Ingrimstrasse and Karlstrasse. The Burgweg, which leads up to Heidelberg Castle, begins to the south of the Kornmarkt.
History
The Heilig-Geist-Spital (hospital) stood on the Kornmarkt from the thirteenth century. The outline of the former chapel of the Spital is marked out on the pavement. In 1557, the buildings of the Spital were demolished at the initiative of the city council, in order to build a milk and vegetable market. At first, the square was known as the Neuer Markt ("New Market"), but later the name Kornmarkt won out.
During construction work on an underground carpark in 1986, remains of the walls of the Spital were found under the square, as well as the remains of the Spital cemetery, which was in use from the end of the 13th century until the first third of the 15th century. Around 270 out of ca. 800 graves were explored, including "plot 45" from the 14th century, a shared grave of a type common for spouses, containing two women around thirty years old, which were identified by the initial excavators as blood relatives. It has subsequently been suggested that they may have been a lesbian couple or that one of them was transgender.
Buildings
North of the Kornmarkt is the Rathaus. On the southeast corner is the Palais Graimberg and on the west side is the Prinz Carl civic administrative building, which was previously a luxury hotel. In the centre of the square, is a Mary column made by Peter van den Branden in 1718, with three fountains, which is known as the Kornmarkt-Madonna.
(Wikipedia)
Heidelberg ([ˈhaɪ̯dl̩bɛɐ̯k], etymologische Bedeutung unsicher) ist eine Großstadt mit 159.245 Einwohnern (31. Dezember 2021) im deutschen Bundesland Baden-Württemberg. Die Stadt liegt am Neckar dort, wo dieser den Odenwald verlässt und in den Oberrheingraben eintritt. Die ehemalige kurpfälzische Residenzstadt ist bekannt für ihre malerische Altstadt, ihre Schlossruine und ihre Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, die die älteste Hochschule auf dem Gebiet des heutigen Deutschlands ist. Die Stadt zieht Besucher und Wissenschaftler aus der ganzen Welt an.
Hinsichtlich der Einwohnerzahl ist Heidelberg die fünftgrößte Stadt Baden-Württembergs und auf Platz 52 der größten Städte Deutschlands. Sie ist ein Stadtkreis und zugleich Sitz des umliegenden Rhein-Neckar-Kreises. Das dicht besiedelte Rhein-Neckar-Gebiet, in dem Heidelberg gemeinsam mit den Großstädten Mannheim und Ludwigshafen am Rhein liegt, wird als Metropolregion Rhein-Neckar bezeichnet.
Lage
Heidelberg liegt zum Teil in der Oberrheinischen Tiefebene überwiegend am linken Ufer des unteren Neckars vor dessen Ausfluss aus dem Odenwald in einer länglich, flussaufwärts sich zuspitzenden Talsohle. Der Neckar fließt hier von Ost nach West, am rechten Neckarufer erhebt sich der Heiligenberg (445 m). Im Süden wird Heidelberg vom Königstuhl (568 m) und vom Gaisberg (375 m) begrenzt. Der Neckar mündet etwa 22 Kilometer nordwestlich, gemessen vom Ende der Talsohle, in Mannheim in den Rhein. Die im 20. Jahrhundert eingemeindeten Orte reichen über das Neckartal in die Bergstraße hinein, die am Rand des Odenwalds entlangführt. Die Stadt liegt in der Metropolregion Rhein-Neckar, einem 2,35 Millionen Einwohner zählenden Verdichtungsraum, der neben Teilen Südhessens und der rheinland-pfälzischen Vorderpfalz in Baden-Württemberg die beiden Stadtkreise Mannheim und Heidelberg sowie die westlichen und südlichen Gemeinden des Rhein-Neckar-Kreises umfasst.
Geschichte
Die Stadt Heidelberg wurde im 12. Jahrhundert gegründet; ihre Geschichte reicht aber bis in keltische und römische Zeiten zurück. Vom 13. Jahrhundert bis zum Jahr 1720 war Heidelberg Residenz der Pfalzgrafen bei Rhein und Hauptstadt der Kurpfalz.
Vorgeschichte
Nahe bei Heidelberg, in der Gemeinde Mauer, fand man 1907 in einer Sandgrube den Unterkiefer eines Urmenschen (Unterkiefer von Mauer), einen der ältesten Funde der Gattung Homo in Europa überhaupt. Von dieser ausgestorbenen Hominiden-Art Homo heidelbergensis (Heidelbergmensch) stammt der Neandertaler ab.
Kelten
Ab etwa 500 v. Chr. gründeten die Kelten auf dem Heiligenberg eine größere befestigte Siedlung. Deren doppelter Ringwall, zum Schutz gegen die vordringenden Germanen angelegt, ist noch zu erkennen. 200 Jahre später wurde diese Anlage aus ungeklärten Gründen aufgegeben.
Römer
Das römerzeitliche Heidelberg bestand vom 1. bis zum 3. Jahrhundert n. Chr. Um 70 n. Chr. gründeten die Römer ein Lager im heutigen Neuenheim, das um 90 durch zwei steinerne Kastelle ersetzt wurde. Über den Neckar führte zunächst eine hölzerne Brücke, ab circa 200 eine Steinpfeilerbrücke. Auf dem Gipfel des Heiligenbergs entstand ein Merkurtempel, auch der Mithras-Kult war in Heidelberg verbreitet. Der Hauptort der Region war in römischer Zeit das benachbarte Lopodunum (heute Ladenburg), aber auch um das Militärlager in Heidelberg (dessen lateinischer Name unbekannt ist) entwickelte sich ein florierendes Töpfereizentrum.
Nach 260 mussten sich die Römer vor dem Germanenstamm der Alamannen, der den Limes durchbrochen hatte und in römisches Territorium eingefallen war, an den Rhein zurückziehen. Der Sieg des Merowingerkönigs Chlodwig I. über die Alamannen im Jahr 506 machte Heidelberg schließlich zu einem Teil des Frankenreichs, zugleich wurde das Gebiet christianisiert.
Mittelalter
870 wurde auf dem Gipfel des Heiligenbergs an Stelle des alten Merkurtempels das Michaelskloster als Filialkloster des Klosters Lorsch, das zu jener Zeit mit dem Bistum Worms um die Vorherrschaft in der Region rang, gegründet. Später folgten eine weitere Filiale, das Stephanskloster, und das Stift Neuburg.
Die älteste schriftliche Erwähnung Heidelbergs stammt aus dem Jahr 1196. Es ist aber davon auszugehen, dass der Ort bereits im Laufe des 12. Jahrhunderts entstanden war. Zu jener Zeit war Heidelberg im Besitz des Bistums Worms und bestand aus der Oberen Burg auf der Molkenkur am Hang des Königsstuhls und einem Burgweiler im Bereich der Peterskirche am Fuße des Berges. Viele der heutigen Stadtteile Heidelbergs gehen auf Dörfer zurück, die schon zur Frankenzeit im 6. Jahrhundert entstanden waren. Einige von ihnen wurden im Lorscher Codex erstmals urkundlich erwähnt, Neuenheim und Handschuhsheim etwa im Jahr 765.
Der Vorgängerbau des Heidelberger Schlosses wurde im 13. Jahrhundert auf dem Jettenbühl errichtet. Wohl zur gleichen Zeit wurde die Stadt im Bereich zwischen Königstuhl und Neckar planmäßig mit einem rechtwinkligen Grundriss und dem Marktplatz im Zentrum angelegt. Diese Stadtanlage nahm den östlichen Teil der heutigen Altstadt bis zur Grabengasse ein. Sie war von einer Stadtmauer umgeben, über den Neckar führte eine Brücke.
Kaiser Friedrich I. Barbarossa hatte 1156 seinen Halbbruder Konrad den Staufer zum Pfalzgrafen bei Rhein ernannt. Die Pfalzgrafschaft wurde später von der Dynastie der Wittelsbacher regiert und entwickelte sich zu einem größeren Territorialgebilde innerhalb des Heiligen Römischen Reichs. Im Jahr 1225 erhielt der Pfalzgraf bei Rhein das vormals Wormser Heidelberg als Lehen. In der Goldenen Bulle wurde 1356 den Pfalzgrafen bei Rhein die Kurwürde verliehen. Von da an waren sie als Kurfürsten von der Pfalz bekannt, ihr Herrschaftsgebiet wurde als Kurpfalz bezeichnet. Anfangs hatten die Pfalzgrafen keine feste Residenz, sondern hielten sich an verschiedenen Orten ihres Herrschaftsbereichs auf. Schon im 13. Jahrhundert hatte Heidelberg den Charakter einer Residenzstadt entwickelt. Als im 14. Jahrhundert die Reiseherrschaft aufgegeben wurde, konnte sich die Stadt gegen Neustadt an der Haardt durchsetzen und wurde zur Hauptstadt der Kurpfalz.
Im Jahr 1386 gründete Ruprecht I. die Universität Heidelberg als dritte Hochschule im Heiligen Römischen Reich (nach Prag und Wien). Sie ist die älteste Universität in Deutschland. 1392 wurde Heidelberg umfangreich erweitert, das Stadtgebiet nahezu verdoppelt und entsprach der heutigen Altstadt. Von der Herrschaft Ruprechts III., der im Jahr 1400 zum römisch-deutschen König gewählt wurde, profitierte Heidelberg durch den Bau der Heiliggeistkirche. Seine Nachfolger machten die Universität Heidelberg gegen Ende des 15. Jahrhunderts zu einer Hochburg des frühen Humanismus.
Neuzeit
Martin Luthers reformatorische Ideen hatten sich schon in der ersten Hälfte des 16. Jahrhunderts in Südwestdeutschland verbreitet. Die Bevölkerung entschied sich 1545/1546 für die Annahme des neuen Glaubens, dessen Einführung Paul Fagius im Auftrag von Friedrich II. vorbereiten sollte.[14] Unter Kurfürst Ottheinrich (1556–1559) wurde in der Kurpfalz schließlich die Reformation eingeführt. Nach dem Übergang zum Calvinismus zog Heidelberg Studenten und Wissenschaftler aus ganz Westeuropa an und galt nach Leiden als drittes Genf. So erschien 1563 in Heidelberg der Heidelberger Katechismus und 1572 die erste deutsche Gesamtübersetzung der Institutio Christianae Religionis, des Hauptwerks von Johannes Calvin. Gegen Ende des Jahrhunderts wurde in Heidelberg eine Vielzahl prächtiger Renaissancebauten errichtet, die im Pfälzer Erbfolgekrieg allesamt zerstört wurden – lediglich die Fassade des Hauses zum Ritter überstand die Verheerungen. Auch das Schloss wurde damals wesentlich erweitert und von der mittelalterlichen Burg zu einer neuzeitlichen Residenz umgestaltet.
Um seiner Gattin, der englischen Königstochter Elisabeth Stuart, ein standesgemäßes Hofleben bieten zu können, ließ Kurfürst Friedrich V. (1610–1623) das Heidelberger Schloss durch den Bau des Hortus Palatinus umgestalten. Auf politischem Terrain war Friedrich als Führer der Protestantischen Union in die Wirren des Dreißigjährigen Kriegs verwickelt, als er sich 1619 zum böhmischen König wählen ließ. Er konnte sich aber nicht gegen den katholischen Kaiser durchsetzen und wurde 1620 in der Schlacht am Weißen Berge geschlagen. Wegen seiner kurzen Herrschaft ging er als Winterkönig in die Geschichte ein. In den ersten Wochen des Septembers 1622 belagerte Tilly als Heerführer der Katholischen Liga Heidelberg erfolgreich. Die Einnahme Heidelbergs erfolgte am 16. September. Die Stadt blieb, wie die ganze rechtsrheinische Kurpfalz, bis zu den Friedensschlüssen von Münster und Osnabrück bayerisch besetzt (während die linksrheinische Kurpfalz spanisch wurde). Allerdings wurde die Stadt wiederholt erobert und war zwischen 1632 und 1634 von schwedischen Truppen besetzt. Während dieser Zeit schenkte Herzog Maximilian I. von Bayern die Bibliotheca Palatina Papst Gregor XV. Sie wird seitdem in der Bibliotheca Vaticana verwahrt (und hat auf diese Weise die spätere Zerstörung Heidelbergs durch die Truppen Ludwigs XIV. im Pfälzischen Erbfolgekrieg sicher überdauert). Heidelberg wurde vom Krieg schwer getroffen, die Bevölkerung litt große Not. Im Westfälischen Frieden, der 1648 den Dreißigjährigen Krieg beendete, wurde die Kurpfalz wiederhergestellt, sie verlor aber viel von ihrem politischen Gewicht.
Als Kurfürst Karl II. 1685 kinderlos verstarb, erlosch die Linie Pfalz-Simmern des Hauses Wittelsbach, und die Kurfürstenwürde ging auf die katholische Nebenlinie Pfalz-Neuburg über. Aus den Erbansprüchen, die der französische König Ludwig XIV. nun mit Verweis auf seine Schwägerin Elisabeth Charlotte (besser bekannt als Liselotte von der Pfalz) erhob, resultierte der Pfälzische Erbfolgekrieg. Im Verlaufe dieses Krieges wurde Heidelberg zweimal, 1688 und 1693, von französischen Truppen eingenommen und dabei komplett verwüstet. Nachdem der Erbfolgekrieg 1697 beendet war, baute man das zerstörte Heidelberg im Stil des Barock auf mittelalterlichem Grundriss wieder auf. Die nunmehr katholischen Kurfürsten siedelten in der Stadt Jesuiten an.
Das Heidelberger Schloss war nach der Zerstörung durch die Franzosen unbewohnbar, entsprach aber ohnehin nicht mehr dem barocken Zeitgeschmack, der großzügige Schlossanlagen nach dem Vorbild von Versailles bevorzugte. Pläne, eine solche Residenz in der Ebene im Bereich des heutigen Stadtteils Bergheim zu bauen, scheiterten am Widerstand der Heidelberger Bürgerschaft, und so entschloss sich Karl III. Philipp 1720 nach einem Streit mit den Heidelberger Protestanten um die evangelische Heiliggeistkirche, die der katholische Kurfürst für sich beanspruchte, seine Residenz nach Mannheim zu verlegen. In der Quadratestadt, die dem barocken Zeitgeist und dem Repräsentationsinteresse des Kurfürsten weitaus mehr entsprach als das mittelalterliche Heidelberg, ließ er das prunkvolle Schloss Mannheim errichten. Heidelberg verlor seine Stellung als politisches Machtzentrum und litt auch ökonomisch durch den Weggang des Hofstaats. Von der Herrschaftszeit Kurfürst Carl Theodors (1743–1799) profitierte aber auch Heidelberg durch den Bau der Alten Brücke und des Karlstores. Die Instandsetzung des Schlosses wurde 1764 nach einem verheerenden Blitzschlag wieder eingestellt.
1803 bis 1933
Im Reichsdeputationshauptschluss des Jahres 1803 wurde die Kurpfalz aufgelöst, die rechtsrheinischen Gebiete und somit auch Heidelberg wurden dem bald darauf zum Großherzogtum erhobenen Baden zugeschlagen. Der badische Großherzog Karl Friedrich (1771–1811) machte die Hochschule zu einer staatlich finanzierten Lehranstalt und verhalf ihr zum Wiederaufstieg zu einer renommierten Bildungsstätte. Ihm und dem Universitätsgründer, Kurfürst Ruprecht I., zu Ehren erhielt die Universität Heidelberg den neuen Namen „Ruprecht-Karls-Universität“.
Anfang des 19. Jahrhunderts wurde die Neckarstadt zu einem der wichtigsten Orte der deutschen Romantik, begünstigt durch die schöne Landschaft und die pittoreske Schlossruine. Das Wirken von Dichtern wie Friedrich Hölderlin, Ludwig Achim von Arnim, Clemens Brentano und Joseph von Eichendorff wurde als „Heidelberger Romantik“ bekannt. Arnim und Brentano veröffentlichten zwischen 1806 und 1808 in Heidelberg unter dem Titel Des Knaben Wunderhorn eine Sammlung deutscher Volkslieder. Auch ein Künstlerzirkel um die Maler Carl Philipp Fohr, Carl Rottmann und Ernst Fries entstand in Heidelberg.
Während des Vormärzes wurden an der Heidelberger Universität nationale, liberale und demokratische Ideen verbreitet. Nach Beginn der Märzrevolution versammelten sich am 5. März 1848 liberale und demokratische Politiker aus Südwestdeutschland zur Heidelberger Versammlung, die maßgebliche Impulse zum Vorparlament und somit zur Konstituierung der Frankfurter Nationalversammlung setzte. Nach dem Scheitern der Nationalversammlung wurde der Maiaufstand in Baden von zu Hilfe gerufenen preußischen Truppen niedergeschlagen. Auch in Heidelberg kam es zu Kämpfen gegen liberale Freischärler.
Die Industrialisierung ging an der Neckarstadt ohne größere Spuren vorbei. Der Tourismus entwickelte sich ab dem frühen 19. Jahrhundert, vor allem ab dem Anschluss der Stadt an das Eisenbahnnetz im Jahr 1840, zu einem wichtigen Wirtschaftsfaktor in Heidelberg, ebenfalls nahm die Zahl der Studenten zu, von denen viele den Studentenverbindungen angehörten. Joseph Victor von Scheffels Gedicht Alt-Heidelberg, du feine (später in der vertonten Version ein populäres Studentenlied) und das 1901 uraufgeführte Schauspiel Alt-Heidelberg machten Heidelberg zu einem Sinnbild des Studentenlebens im 19. Jahrhundert.
Im letzten Viertel des 19. Jahrhunderts erlebte Heidelberg eine rasante Expansion, als das Stadtgebiet durch zahlreiche Eingemeindungen vergrößert wurde. Die Einwohnerzahl Heidelbergs stieg von 20.000 im Jahr 1871 auf 85.000, also mehr als das Vierfache, im Jahr 1933. Zugleich wurde die Infrastruktur mit der Einführung der Straßenbahn und der Bergbahn sowie der Kanalisierung des Neckars (in den 1920er Jahren) ausgebaut. 1930 ermöglichten großzügige Spenden von einflussreichen US-Bürgern den Bau des Hörsaalgebäudes der Neuen Universität am Universitätsplatz. Eine Gedenkplakette im Innern des Hörsaalgebäudes nennt unter anderem die Familie Chrysler.
Die Wahlergebnisse der NSDAP lagen in Heidelberg meist über dem Durchschnitt der Ergebnisse im Reich oder in Baden: Bei der Reichstagswahl am 20. Mai 1928 im Reich 2,6 %, in Baden 2,9 % und in Heidelberg 4,4 %; bei der Reichstagswahl am 14. September 1930 im Reich 18,3 %, in Baden 19,2 % und in Heidelberg 30,2 %.
Zeit des Nationalsozialismus und Zweiter Weltkrieg
Nach der Machtergreifung der Nationalsozialisten am 30. Januar 1933 begann eines der dunkelsten Kapitel der Stadt, die organisierte Diskriminierung von Juden und anderen „Nichtariern“. Die NSDAP wurde bei den Reichstagswahlen vom 5. März 1933 mit 45,8 % der abgegebenen Stimmen (Reich: 43,9 %; Baden: 45,4 %) die stärkste Partei in der Stadt. Im April 1933 wurden alle „nichtarischen“ Beamten zwangsbeurlaubt, bis 1939 verlor die Heidelberger Universität mehr als ein Drittel ihres Lehrkörpers aus rassistischen oder politischen Gründen (1930 waren 9 % des Lehrkörpers jüdischer Konfession). Während der Reichspogromnacht am 9. November 1938 brannten Heidelberger Nationalsozialisten die Synagogen in der Altstadt und in Rohrbach nieder. Zeitgleich zerstörten sie den Betsaal in der Plöck 35 und verwüsteten bzw. plünderten zahlreiche Geschäfte und Wohnungen jüdischer Bürger vor den Augen der Bevölkerung und der Polizei. Am nächsten Tag wurden 150 Heidelberger Juden in das Konzentrationslager Dachau zur vorgeblichen Schutzhaft verschleppt, um sie zur Emigration zu nötigen und ihr Vermögen zu arisieren. Am 22. Oktober 1940 wurden in der „Wagner-Bürckel-Aktion“ über 6000 badische Juden, darunter 280 aus Heidelberg, in das Internierungslager Camp de Gurs nach Südwestfrankreich deportiert. Nur wenige überlebten.
Als sichtbare bauliche Hinterlassenschaft steht die Thingstätte auf dem Heiligenberg, eine zwischen 1934 und 1935 vom Reichsarbeitsdienst und Heidelberger Studenten errichtete Freilichtbühne. Ebenso wurde der Ehrenfriedhof auf dem Ameisenbuckel 1934 vom Reichsarbeitsdienst angelegt. 1935 wurde die Reichsautobahn Heidelberg–Mannheim eingeweiht, heute als A 656 bekannt, und an beiden Endstücken, in Mannheim und Heidelberg, auf Bundesstraßenniveau herabgesetzt, heute die B 37. Bis in die späten 1990er Jahre führte die A 656 direkt nach Mannheim und Heidelberg hinein.
Das mit Lazaretten angefüllte Heidelberg überstand als eine der wenigen deutschen Großstädte den Zweiten Weltkrieg nahezu unversehrt. Den ersten Luftangriff flogen die Alliierten in der Nacht vom 19. auf den 20. September 1940, als der Stadtteil Pfaffengrund von Bomben getroffen wurde. Am 23. September 1940 folgte als Vergeltung für diesen Angriff auf Heidelberg ein deutscher Luftangriff auf Cambridge. Kleinere Luftangriffe in den Jahren 1944 und 1945 richteten nur geringe Schäden an. Von den 9.129 Wohngebäuden Heidelbergs wurden insgesamt 13 total zerstört (0,14 %), 32 schwer beschädigt (0,35 %), 80 mittelgradig (0,87 %) und 200 leicht beschädigt (2,19 %). Von 25 933 Wohnungen wurden 45 total zerstört (0,17 %) und 1 420 beschädigt (5,47 %). Der Wohnraumverlust durch Luftangriffe betrug insgesamt 0,8 %. Güterbahnhof und Tiergarten wurden durch Bomben bzw. Artilleriebeschuss schwer beschädigt. Durch Luftangriffe kamen in Heidelberg insgesamt 241 Menschen ums Leben.
Warum Heidelberg fast verschont blieb, ist nicht gänzlich klar. Zahlreiche Zeitzeugen aus Altstadt, Weststadt und Pfaffengrund berichten davon, dass in Heidelberg wenige Monate vor dem US-Einmarsch Flugblätter abgeworfen wurden mit der Aufschrift „Heidelberg wollen wir schonen, denn wir wollen selbst drin wohnen“; lediglich der genaue Wortlaut variiert geringfügig je nach Bericht. Die Ankündigung der Verschonung und Befreiung wurde von allen Zeitzeugen weggeworfen, sodass bis heute kein Exemplar archiviert werden konnte.
Bei ihrem Rückzug am 29. März 1945 sprengte die Wehrmacht u. a. die Alte Brücke. Am 30. März marschierten die amerikanischen Truppen der 63rd Infantry Division der 7. US-Armee ein, ohne auf nennenswerten Widerstand zu treffen. Sie konnten viele Gebäude in der Stadt für ihre Zwecke übernehmen, u. a. die Großdeutschland-Kaserne, die seitdem den Namen Campbell Barracks trägt. Bis Kriegsende war dort das deutsche Infanterieregiment 110 stationiert, das der 33. Infanteriedivision und ab Ende 1940 der 112. Infanteriedivision unterstellt und im Frankreich- und Russlandfeldzug eingesetzt worden war.
Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg
Das unversehrte Heidelberg zog nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg viele ausgebombte und vertriebene Menschen an. Heidelberg wurde Teil der amerikanischen Besatzungszone und Standort hoher Kommandostellen der US-Armee und später auch der NATO. Dafür enteigneten die amerikanischen Behörden Immobilien, was zunächst für Unmut sorgte. Von 1948 bis 2013 waren die Campbell Barracks in Heidelberg Sitz des Hauptquartiers der United States Army Europe (USAREUR), der früheren 7. US-Armee. Bis 2013 war die Stadt zudem Sitz des NATO-Landhauptquartiers Mitteleuropa.
Im Oktober 2009 wurde bekanntgegeben, dass das Hauptquartier von USAREUR nach Wiesbaden verlegt werden sollte. Im August 2011 verließ das traditionsreiche V. US Army Corps Heidelberg und zog nach Wiesbaden um. Im September 2013 wurden die Campbell Barracks offiziell von der US-Armee geschlossen. Mit dem Umzug in das neue Hauptquartier nach Wiesbaden-Erbenheim ging 2013 in Heidelberg die 65 Jahre währende Geschichte der USAREUR – und der amerikanischen Truppen generell – zu Ende. Im Jahre 2008 hatten die amerikanischen Streitkräfte noch fast 200 Hektar Fläche belegt, unter anderem für zwei Kasernen, zwei Wohnsiedlungen sowie ein Militärkrankenhaus (Nachrichten Kaserne). 2010 lebten rund 16.000 US-Amerikaner in Heidelberg; die Amerikaner hatten damals also einen Anteil an der Heidelberger Bevölkerung von zehn Prozent.
Die Ruprecht-Karls-Universität nahm im Januar 1946 als zweite westdeutsche Hochschule nach Göttingen den Lehrbetrieb wieder auf. Schon vor dem Krieg waren vereinzelte Einrichtungen der Universität vom Altstadtcampus nach Neuenheim auf die andere Neckarseite verlegt worden, ab 1951 begann man dann mit dem Aufbau eines komplett neuen Campus, des Neuenheimer Feldes, am westlichen Stadtrand. Mitte der 1970er Jahre war der Ausbau des 120 Hektar großen Geländes im Wesentlichen beendet. 1955 wurde der Hauptbahnhof an seine heutige Stelle rund 1,2 Kilometer westlich des alten Standortes verlegt. Die freigewordene Fläche nutzte man für den Bau zahlreicher Verwaltungsgebäude an der Kurfürstenanlage. Um der wachsenden Einwohnerzahl Heidelbergs Rechnung zu tragen, entstanden in den 1960er und 1970er Jahren im Süden der Stadt mit Boxberg und Emmertsgrund zwei gänzlich neue Wohngebiete.
Mit der Eingemeindung der im Neckartal gelegenen Gemeinde Ziegelhausen war die flächenmäßige Expansion Heidelbergs 1975 abgeschlossen. Während der Amtszeit von Oberbürgermeister Reinhold Zundel (1966 bis 1990) wurde die Altstadt saniert, die Hauptstraße mit 1,6 Kilometern Länge in eine der längsten Fußgängerzonen Europas umgewandelt und der Bismarckplatz erhielt seine heutige Form.
In den 1970er und 1980er Jahren verübte die Terrororganisation RAF in Heidelberg zwei Anschläge gegen amerikanische Militäreinrichtungen. Am 24. Mai 1972 wurden durch einen Sprengstoffanschlag auf das US-Hauptquartier der 7. US-Armee in den Campbell Barracks die amerikanischen Soldaten Clyde R. Bonner, Charles L. Peck sowie Ronald A. Woodward getötet und fünf weitere Personen schwer verletzt. Das Attentat vom 15. September 1981 auf den Oberbefehlshaber der US-Landstreitkräfte in Europa, General Frederick James Kroesen, mit einer reaktiven Panzerbüchse des sowjetischen Typs RPG-7 am Heidelberger Karlstor scheiterte, da das LKA Baden-Württemberg ihm kurz zuvor eine gepanzerte Mercedes-Benz-Limousine zugeteilt hatte, nachdem verdächtige Personen bei der Observation Kroesens beobachtet worden waren.
Ein Antrag auf die Aufnahme des Schlosses und der Altstadt in die UNESCO-Liste des Weltkulturerbes wurde 2005 und 2007 abgelehnt.
Am Mittag des 24. Januar 2022 schoss ein 18-jähriger in einem Hörsaal des Centre for Organismal Studies der Universität auf dort anwesende Personen, wobei es drei Verletzte und ein Todesopfer gab. Der Täter beging anschließend Suizid.
Kultur und Sehenswürdigkeiten
Bauwerke und Anlagen
Heidelberg ist eine der wenigen deutschen Großstädte, die im Zweiten Weltkrieg nicht zerstört wurden. Eine Besonderheit ist die barocke Altstadt, die – nach den Zerstörungen in den Jahren 1689 und 1693 – auf mittelalterlichem Grundriss neu errichtet wurde. In der Altstadt, die mit 1,6 km Länge eine der längsten Fußgängerzonen Europas hat, befinden sich auch die meisten der bedeutenden Bauwerke. Im gesamten Stadtgebiet stehen etwa 2830 Gebäude unter Denkmalschutz (Stand: April 2017).
Schloss
Das Heidelberger Schloss ist eine der berühmtesten Ruinen Deutschlands und das Wahrzeichen der Stadt. Das Bauwerk entstand ursprünglich als wehrhafte Burg an strategisch günstiger Lage oberhalb einer Verengung des Neckartals und wurde später zur prachtvollen Residenz der Kurfürsten von der Pfalz ausgebaut. Seit den Zerstörungen 1689 und 1693 im Pfälzischen Erbfolgekrieg wurde das Schloss nur teilweise restauriert. 1764 besiegelte ein weiterer Brand nach Blitzschlag das Los des damals gerade renovierten Schlosses. Es wurde aufgegeben und die Ruine als Steinbruch (Baumaterial) für das neue Schwetzinger Sommerschloss und später für die Heidelberger Bürger verwendet, bevor es Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts von Literaten entdeckt und als Sinnbild für die Vergänglichkeit, in der Epoche der napoleonischen Kriege aber auch als patriotisches Monument begriffen wurde. Die Schlossruine erhebt sich 80 Meter über dem Talgrund am Nordhang des Königstuhls und dominiert von dort das Bild der Altstadt. Der Ottheinrichsbau, einer der Palastbauten des Schlosses, gehört zu den bedeutendsten Bauwerken der Renaissance nördlich der Alpen.
Alte Brücke
Der offizielle Name der Alten Brücke ist Karl-Theodor-Brücke. Sie gehört zu Deutschlands ältesten Brückenbauten und wurde 1284 erstmals urkundlich erwähnt. Es gab viele Vorgängerbauten aus Holz, die jedoch wiederholt durch Eisgang zerstört wurden. In ihrer heutigen Form wurde sie 1788 erbaut, jedoch wurden gegen Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges zwei Pfeiler von der Wehrmacht gesprengt, um die vorrückenden alliierten Truppen aufzuhalten. Im Jahr 1947 war die Brücke vollständig rekonstruiert.
Bedeutende Kirchen
Die Heiliggeistkirche ist die bekannteste Kirche Heidelbergs. Sie steht im Zentrum der Stadt, nur unweit des Heidelberger Schlosses. Ihre Fassade prägt zusammen mit dem Schloss die Silhouette der Neckarstadt. Sie diente einst als Aufbewahrungsort der berühmten Bibliotheca Palatina, doch während des Dreißigjährigen Krieges wurde die Sammlung von Handschriften und frühen Drucken von Kurfürst Maximilian I. geraubt und dem Papst als Geschenk überreicht.
Die älteste Kirche der Heidelberger Altstadt ist die Peterskirche. Es wird vermutet, dass die Peterskirche schon vor der Gründung Heidelbergs errichtet wurde. Ihr Alter wird auf etwa 900 Jahre geschätzt. Im Spätmittelalter wurde sie zur Universitätskapelle. Sie dient als letzte Ruhestätte für etwa 150 Professoren und kurfürstliche Hofleute. Unter anderem ist hier auch Marsilius von Inghen begraben, der Gründungsrektor der Universität Heidelberg. Zum 400. Geburtstag Martin Luthers wurde an der Ostseite 1883 die Luthereiche gepflanzt.
Unweit befindet sich die im Jahr 1749 fertiggestellte Jesuitenkirche. Sie ist das Wahrzeichen der Gegenreformation in Heidelberg und bildete einst den Mittelpunkt des ehemaligen Jesuitenviertels.
Repräsentative Kirchbauten des Historismus entstanden Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts in der planmäßig angelegten Weststadt: die evangelische Christuskirche (1904) und die katholische Bonifatiuskirche (1903).
Historische Bauwerke
Eines der ältesten noch erhaltenen Gebäude in der Heidelberger Altstadt ist das Hotel „Zum Ritter“. Es wurde 1592 von einer Tuchhändlerfamilie erbaut. Mit seinem Standort in der Altstadt gegenüber der Heiliggeistkirche ist es eine der meistbesuchten Sehenswürdigkeiten Heidelbergs.
Am östlichen Rand der Altstadt steht das Karlstor, ein freistehender Torbogen, welcher ein Geschenk der Bürger Heidelbergs an den Kurfürsten Karl Theodor war. Die Bauarbeiten dauerten sechs Jahre und wurden 1781 abgeschlossen. Das Karlstor ist dekoriert, unter anderem befinden sich das Wappen des Kurfürsten sowie Porträts von ihm und seiner Ehefrau auf dem Torbogen.
In der Altstadt befinden sich weitere historische Gebäude der Universität Heidelberg. Eines der bedeutendsten ist die Universitätsbibliothek, in der die zentrale Bibliothek der Universität und ein Museum mit alten Handschriften und Codices, ebenfalls Teil des Buchbestandes der Universität, untergebracht sind. Eine davon ist der Codex Manesse, die umfangreichste und berühmteste deutsche Liederhandschrift des Mittelalters. Die gesamte Bibliothek befindet sich in einem klassizistischen Gebäude aus rotem Sandstein.
Historische Orte
Einen berühmten und oft dargestellten Ausblick auf die Heidelberger Altstadt hat man vom Philosophenweg. Der Weg beginnt im Stadtteil Neuenheim, führt halb auf den Heiligenberg, welcher sich auf dem dem Heidelberger Schloss gegenüberliegenden Neckarufer befindet, und zieht sich dann oberhalb vom Neckar durch das Tal bis nach Ziegelhausen.
Der Bergfriedhof ist eine der bekanntesten letzten Ruhestätten Deutschlands. Viele bedeutende Persönlichkeiten wie der erste Reichspräsident Friedrich Ebert oder die Wissenschaftler Carl Bosch und Robert Bunsen liegen hier begraben. Zahlreiche Denkmäler erinnern an die Opfer vergangener Kriege und des Holocaust.
(Wikipedia)
Der Kornmarkt ist ein Platz in der Altstadt von Heidelberg unweit des Marktplatzes. Im Norden des Kornmarkts verläuft die Hauptstraße, im Süden die Ingrimstraße und die Karlstraße. Südlich des Kornmarkts beginnt der Burgweg, der auf das Heidelberger Schloss führt.
Geschichte
Auf dem Kornmarkt stand ab dem 13. Jahrhundert das Heilig-Geist-Spital. Die Umrisse der ehemaligen Kapelle des Spitals sind durch die Pflasterung auf dem Platz kenntlich gemacht. 1557 wurden die Gebäude des Spitals auf Initiative des Stadtrats abgerissen, um dort einen Milch- und Krautmarkt einzurichten. Zunächst wurde die Bezeichnung Neuer Markt verwendet, später setzte sich dann der Name Kornmarkt durch.
Bei Bauarbeiten für eine Tiefgarage im Jahr 1986 wurden unter dem Platz Mauerreste des Spitals gefunden, sowie Reste des von Ende des 13. Jahrhunderts bis zum ersten Drittel des 15. Jahrhunderts genutzten Spitalfriedhofs. Von letzterem wurden hierbei etwa 270 Bestattungen der ungefähr 800 Grabstellen erfasst, darunter die „Grablege 45“ aus dem 14. Jahrhundert, eine bei Ehegatten übliche Nachbestattung zweier etwa dreißigjähriger Personen, welche vom Grabungsteam als wahrscheinlich blutsverwandte Frauen kategorisiert wurden.
Bauwerke
Nördlich des Kornmarkts befindet sich das Rathaus, an der Südostecke das Palais Graimberg und an der Westseite das städtische Verwaltungsgebäude Prinz Carl, dessen Vorgängerbau ein Luxushotel war. Im Zentrum des Platzes steht die 1718 von Peter van den Branden geschaffene Mariensäule mit drei Brunnenschalen, die sogenannte Kornmarkt-Madonna.
(Wikipedia)
The most unique image of Sto. Niño in the Philippines is the "Sto. Niño Dela O".
Dancing, singing in “Simbang Gabi”
SIMBANG gabi in the town of Pangil in Laguna is not just plain misa de gallo, the evening or dawn novena Masses that start Dec. 16 to usher in the celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ. It is also an occasion for dancing, singing and offering of infants.
About a thousand mothers wearing bandanas usually flock to the Our Lady of Nativity Parish Church with their babies, to dance and chant praises to God.
They recite the rosary and sing exaltations to the “Nuestra Señora de La O” (Our Lady of the “O” or Our Lady of Nativity). Holding the “Santo Niño de La O” (Holy Child of the “O” or Holy Child of the Nativity), they dance to the children’s Latin song “Dic Mihi” of the basic Christian catechism amid the beating of the drums.
Every Pangileño knows the tune by heart. The song enumerates the 12 important teachings of the Church.
The ritual is locally called “OO”, which many people believe has been derived from the Latin devotional verses and exaltations that start with “O”, such as: “O Maria! O Virgines Pulcra! O Mater Nostra!”
Long life…
For the elderly, the singing and dancing start immediately after the dawn Mass. For infants and children, the activities take place at 4-5 p.m.
As early as 3 p.m., women and their toddlers troop to the church for the ritual. Residents say the event ensures good health for the young ones and long life, success and prosperity for the families.
The ceremony lasts more than an hour.
The daily ritual runs until Dec. 24, in time for the Pregnant Madonna’s birth of Jesus on Christmas.
The “Santo Niño de La O” is hoisted by a chosen person who dances back and forth along the aisle as the churchgoers sing the “Dic Mihi”.
It is said that bearing the image during the annual feast day procession is a privileged task, for which people line up for years. For instance, someone who has his name listed in 2000 will have to wait until 2015 to carry the Santo Niño. If one has sinned, he or she would find the statue heavy; if guiltless, the statue would be light.
The religious devotion was transformed into a Grand Pa-OO Festival or the Bandana Festival in January 1999, when parishioners started dancing the Santo Niño in the streets, waving pine leaves while dancing.
The date of the festival, now on its sixth year, was changed to Dec. 18 in later years.
Pregnant Madonna…
A church document describes the pregnant Madonna as the life-sized statue of the “Nuestra Señora de La O”, which symbolizes the Blessed Mother heavy with the Child Jesus.
When one views the image closely, the Virgin’s hand expresses amazement while her beautiful face looks intently beyond.
The “Santo Niño de La O”, on the other hand, depicts the Child Jesus inside the womb. Thus, it is hoisted on a wooden pole with a silver circle representing the womb.
The two images are also considered miraculous. The “Nuestra Señora de La O”, in particular, is known to help women who have difficulty in child-bearing.
Four centuries…
The municipality of Pangil is as old as the Our Lady’s Nativity Parish. It is now 430 years old.
Church documents showed that the first church was built by missionaries Fray Juan de Placencia and Fray Diego de Oropesa in Barangay Sulib in 1579. Made of bamboo, the church was destroyed by an earthquake and storms.
In 1611, a stone church and a convent were built under Fray Gonzalo del Robles. At that time, the church was the biggest in Laguna.
Today, the convent of Pangil remains a historic place for one memorable reason: it was host to Prince Carlos III of Spain in 1743. The prince stayed in Pangil and spent time hunting in the forest and swimming in the river, which is now called the “Bambang Hari” by natives.
He stayed in the town for three or four years, church records show, and returned to Spain in 1759. Five years later, in 1764, he was crowned King Carlos III after the death of King Fernando VI, his stepbrother to his father, King Felipe V.
Upon his ascension to the throne of Spain as King Charles III, he sent the statues of “Santo Niño de La O” and “Nuestra Señora de La O” to Pangil as a sign of his gratitude and appreciation for the hospitality accorded to him.
The bandanas used by the festival participants, according to old Pangileños, seek to recall their ancestors who covered their heads as they received the two gifts from King Carlos III along the Laguna Lake on a rainy day of December 1764.
They sang and danced in extreme joy along the streets, carrying the images on their way to the parish church. (INQ7)
The catechism in pictures is an exceptional educational work in the teaching of the Catholic faith. The first edition in English dates from 1912, but it is a translated version of the original French edition of 1908. A nun signed this copy on July 31, 1938, 80 years ago! The catechism today is a very thick book that is not very convenient for reading. If this book is easy for a child to read, then you will enjoy seeing and reading its content. You can download it in full by accessing the album that contains all these images. Good reading !
To see more editions, color images and PDF texts, visit this page:
Hail Mary
The Hail Mary (sometimes called the "Angelical salutation", sometimes, from the first words in its Latin form, the "Ave Maria") is the most familiar of all the prayers used by the Universal Church in honour of our Blessed Lady.
It is commonly described as consisting of three parts. The first, "Hail (Mary) full of grace, the Lord is with thee, blessed art thou amongst women", embodies the words used by the Angel Gabriel in saluting the Blessed Virgin (Luke, I, 28). The second, "and blessed is the fruit of thy womb (Jesus)", is borrowed from the Divinely inspired greeting of St. Elizabeth (Luke 1:42), which attaches itself the more naturally to the first part, because the words "benedicta tu in mulieribus" (I, 28) or "inter mulieres" (I, 42) are common to both salutations. Finally, the petition "Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen." is stated by the official "Catechism of the Council of Trent" to have been framed by the Church itself. "Most rightly", says the Catechism, "has the Holy Church of God added to this thanksgiving, petition also and the invocation of the most holy Mother of God, thereby implying that we should piously and suppliantly have recourse to her in order that by her intercession she may reconcile God with us sinners and obtain for us the blessing we need both for this present life and for the life which has no end."
Hail Mary, full of grace.
The Lord is with thee.
Blessed art thou amongst women,
and blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus.
Holy Mary, Mother of God,
pray for us sinners,
now and at the hour of our death.
Amen.
Hail Mary full of grace
Why do your children
Hate our race
Knuckle duster hate
With which they
Stamp our colored face
Adoration Salutation
With more hate replace
They want every inch
Of our valued space
our body our soul
to malign maim deface
white feathered peacocks
with an evil trace
man and mankind
they disgrace
if not today
perhaps
tomorrow
when they
open their inner eyes
Dear Mother Mary
They might touch base
Footnote
The most famous of these is that attributed, though incorrectly, to Dante, and belonging in any case to the first half of the fourteenth century. In this paraphrase the Hail Mary ends with the following words:
O Vergin benedetta, sempre tu
Ora per noi a Dio, che ci perdoni,
E diaci grazia a viver si quaggiu
Che'l paradiso al nostro fin ci doni;
(Oh blessed Virgin, pray to God for us always, that He may pardon us and give us grace, so to live here below that He may reward us with paradise at our death.)
The Reformed Church is, in terms of numbers, the largest denomination in Hungary, after the Roman Catholic Church. The Calvinist trend of the Reformation in Hungary adopted two confessions at Debrecen in 1567: the Heidelberg Catechism, and the Second Helvetian Confession. The existence of the Reformed Church in Hungary dates from this Debrecen Synod of 1567. Among the Presbyterian churches it is the only one that has had, and still has, bishops in additions to general curators (lay presidents) at the head of Church Districts.
www.reformatus.hu/english/english.php
Until the 19th century the Hungarian diet held its sessions in different parts of the country. In the Reform Era the idea of a "House of a Motherland" became more and more popular.
Construction began in 1884 and lasted for two decades. The building opened in 1902, although it should have been finished by 1896 for the Milennium of Hungary's foundation. The site is located on the Pest bank of the Danube to act as a visual counterweight to the Royal Palace rising high on the other side of the river. The architect, Imre Steindl, got his inspiration for the design from London's Houses of Parliament.
After World War II the diet became single-chambered, and the government now uses only a small portion of the building. During the communist regime a red star perched on the top of the dome. It was removed in 1990. Mátyás Szűrös declared the Hungarian Republic from the balcony facing Kossuth Lajos tér on 23rd of October, 1989. The Hungarian parliament has 386 members that are elected every 4 years.
The Budapest Parliament stretches between the Chain Bridge and the Margaret Bridge on the Pest bank of the Danube.
It is visible from almost every riverside point. The Gellért Hill and the Castle Hill on the opposite bank offer the best view of this huge edifice.
Budapest Parliament is the third largest parliament in the world. Today it seems too big for such a small country, but at the time of its construction Hungary formed part of the Habsburg Empire, that stretched from the Tatra Mountains to the Adriatic.
The Parliament has 691 rooms. The length of all the stairs together measures about 20 kilometres. The most impressive is the grand staircase. The building contains spacious halls. The central dome's height reaches 96 m.
The building has 27 entrance gates. 90 statues and the coats-of-arms of various cities adorn the exterior. There are 152 statues and pictures of national fauna. The decorations required about 40 kg 22-23 karat gold.
www.budapest-tourist-guide.com/budapest-parliament.html#hist
For those who may be unfamiliar with Purgatory it is not as some think a “second chance” after death, but for those who have died in “God’s grace and friendship, but are still imperfectly purified.” (CCC 1030) It is, as the Baltimore Catechism calls it: “God’s Hospital.”
And, it is dedicated for souls who, though will eventually go to Heaven, have not yet reached its heights just yet, and, as a result are unable to pray for themselves. The Church, therefore, reminds us of the importance of praying for these souls, so that, indeed, we can assist them to their and our Heavenly homeland. In fact, according to Gerard J M Van Den Aardweg, author of Hungry Souls: Supernatural Visits, Messages and Warnings from Purgatory Blessed Catherine Emerick, a saint who had visions of Purgatory, believed that “these souls [the souls in Purgatory] receive no direct aid from heaven; everything they obtain comes from the faithful who live in the world.” which is why it is so important and necessary for us to constantly pray for those souls.
While there are a thousand different prayers with which we can do this, there has been a long tradition of praying one of the most treasured prayers we have, that of the Holy Rosary.
The word, itself, “rosary” comes from the Latin, meaning “rose,” and in the words of Susan Tassone, the author of the book, The Rosary for the Holy Souls in Purgatory: “We offer a beautiful rose for each Hail Mary to Our Lady. She presents this Rosary bouquet to her Son, Jesus.” As a result, their gift, as it were, becomes another's so that, as Susan also says: “She [Our Lady] intercedes for the living and the dead,” which is why: “The Church recommends the Rosary as a prayer to save souls and to obtain peace in the world.”
Not only that, but by praying the Rosary we, ourselves, grow closer in our relationship with God, since the mysteries recall the lives of Jesus and Mary and, literally, unfold before us as though we were right there with them.
In fact, many saints would recommend it above any other prayer and they always treasured it. St. Pio would go so far as to call it his weapon, St. Louis De Montfort was an adamant believer that anyone who prayed it, even the most hardened of sinners would eventually be converted, and even our own Pope and countless Popes before him would always have those beads in their hands.
It was, however, St. Leo XIII, who put it so well, he said: “The Rosary is the most excellent form of prayer and the most efficacious means of attaining eternal life.” It is, he says, “the remedy for all our evils, the root of all our blessings,” for, to him, “there is no more excellent way of praying.”
Therefore, given this powerful prayer and the necessity to which we are called to pray for the souls in Purgatory, it seems only fitting that, indeed, it is the Rosary that would be most appropriate to offer for those holy souls. For, in the words of St. Pio, a man whom, it is believed, prayed 60 rosaries a day: “The holy souls are eager for the prayers of the faithful, which can gain indulgences for them. Their intercession is powerful. Pray unceasingly. We must empty Purgatory.”
A wise question contains half the answer.
— Solomon ibn Gabriol
Typeface: Motter Corpus
Merchandise available: www.redbubble.com/shop/ap/133600326
Archbishop Lori quotes Youcat, youth catechism: "If you master the moment, you master life." #msmgrad2013
why Ghana is not stable - Nigerian journalist's trial Rotimi
See also:
Revolutionary justice and a balance sheet of the affairs of man
Death and pain in Rawlings' Ghana
Stand up and be counted
Coups, rogues, guns, violence, death, democracy, blood and sin.
Talking Drums - June 25, 1984 issue
with the Whinge Twins aka Harry and Meghan trying to suck up to King Charles III and fakepresident Trump still pushing The Big Lie while chowing down on leftover Lemmon-714's!
The most unique image of Sto. Niño in the Philippines is the "Sto. Niño Dela O".
Dancing, singing in “Simbang Gabi”
SIMBANG gabi in the town of Pangil in Laguna is not just plain misa de gallo, the evening or dawn novena Masses that start Dec. 16 to usher in the celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ. It is also an occasion for dancing, singing and offering of infants.
About a thousand mothers wearing bandanas usually flock to the Our Lady of Nativity Parish Church with their babies, to dance and chant praises to God.
They recite the rosary and sing exaltations to the “Nuestra Señora de La O” (Our Lady of the “O” or Our Lady of Nativity). Holding the “Santo Niño de La O” (Holy Child of the “O” or Holy Child of the Nativity), they dance to the children’s Latin song “Dic Mihi” of the basic Christian catechism amid the beating of the drums.
Every Pangileño knows the tune by heart. The song enumerates the 12 important teachings of the Church.
The ritual is locally called “OO”, which many people believe has been derived from the Latin devotional verses and exaltations that start with “O”, such as: “O Maria! O Virgines Pulcra! O Mater Nostra!”
Long life…
For the elderly, the singing and dancing start immediately after the dawn Mass. For infants and children, the activities take place at 4-5 p.m.
As early as 3 p.m., women and their toddlers troop to the church for the ritual. Residents say the event ensures good health for the young ones and long life, success and prosperity for the families.
The ceremony lasts more than an hour.
The daily ritual runs until Dec. 24, in time for the Pregnant Madonna’s birth of Jesus on Christmas.
The “Santo Niño de La O” is hoisted by a chosen person who dances back and forth along the aisle as the churchgoers sing the “Dic Mihi”.
It is said that bearing the image during the annual feast day procession is a privileged task, for which people line up for years. For instance, someone who has his name listed in 2000 will have to wait until 2015 to carry the Santo Niño. If one has sinned, he or she would find the statue heavy; if guiltless, the statue would be light.
The religious devotion was transformed into a Grand Pa-OO Festival or the Bandana Festival in January 1999, when parishioners started dancing the Santo Niño in the streets, waving pine leaves while dancing.
The date of the festival, now on its sixth year, was changed to Dec. 18 in later years.
Pregnant Madonna…
A church document describes the pregnant Madonna as the life-sized statue of the “Nuestra Señora de La O”, which symbolizes the Blessed Mother heavy with the Child Jesus.
When one views the image closely, the Virgin’s hand expresses amazement while her beautiful face looks intently beyond.
The “Santo Niño de La O”, on the other hand, depicts the Child Jesus inside the womb. Thus, it is hoisted on a wooden pole with a silver circle representing the womb.
The two images are also considered miraculous. The “Nuestra Señora de La O”, in particular, is known to help women who have difficulty in child-bearing.
Four centuries…
The municipality of Pangil is as old as the Our Lady’s Nativity Parish. It is now 430 years old.
Church documents showed that the first church was built by missionaries Fray Juan de Placencia and Fray Diego de Oropesa in Barangay Sulib in 1579. Made of bamboo, the church was destroyed by an earthquake and storms.
In 1611, a stone church and a convent were built under Fray Gonzalo del Robles. At that time, the church was the biggest in Laguna.
Today, the convent of Pangil remains a historic place for one memorable reason: it was host to Prince Carlos III of Spain in 1743. The prince stayed in Pangil and spent time hunting in the forest and swimming in the river, which is now called the “Bambang Hari” by natives.
He stayed in the town for three or four years, church records show, and returned to Spain in 1759. Five years later, in 1764, he was crowned King Carlos III after the death of King Fernando VI, his stepbrother to his father, King Felipe V.
Upon his ascension to the throne of Spain as King Charles III, he sent the statues of “Santo Niño de La O” and “Nuestra Señora de La O” to Pangil as a sign of his gratitude and appreciation for the hospitality accorded to him.
The bandanas used by the festival participants, according to old Pangileños, seek to recall their ancestors who covered their heads as they received the two gifts from King Carlos III along the Laguna Lake on a rainy day of December 1764.
They sang and danced in extreme joy along the streets, carrying the images on their way to the parish church. (INQ7)
I just love the fact that the chap gracing the front of the old Blewcoat School building (now a national trust shop) is wearing a blue coat!
The Blewcoat School, on Caxton Street, was founded by voluntary subscription in 1688 as a charity school for the education of poor children to teach them how to ''read, write, cast accounts and the catechism'. In the early years the school was housed in hired premises in Duck Lane (now St Matthew's Street). This building, erected by William Greene in 1709, on a site then known as Brewers' Green, consists of a single large room. William Greene held the lease on the land from the Dean of Westminster at an annual cost of 2s 6d. He was a local brewer and intended the school for the use of children from his brewery just around the corner in Stag Place. A house for the schoolmaster was also built along side. In 1723 Greene assigned the lease to trustees on the condition that the land continued to be used for educating and instructing poor children, and for the schoolmaster. The lease was renewed several times until 1869 when the Dean and Chapter of Westminster granted the freehold to the school governors, on the condition and the Dean and Chapter could, from time to time, nominate two boys and two girls to the school. (There were also minor conditions regarding the rights of the District Railway Company which had rights to the land under the site, one of its tunnels running right underneath the school.)
The schoolroom initially housed some 50 boys. From 1713 onwards, there were places for 20 girls as well, a number which was subsequently increased. Education for girls at the school was discontinued in about 1876. In 1898, the Governors obtained consent to close the school and dispose of the site to the Vestry of St Margaret and St John, Westminster. The Vestry subsequently entered into an agreement with Christ Church National Schools, which continued to operate a school on the site until 1939 (not 1926 as you will see in some sources).
The building was used as an army store during the second world war.
In 1954 the building was purchased by the National Trust and is now used by the Trust as a gift shop and information centre. This photo shows a 'blewcoat boy' in a niche about the doorway.
There is no record of the architect of the building, although some have associated it with Sir Christopher Wren. In Later Renaissance (1901), Belcher and Macartney indicate that the building has been attributed to Wren, and it is suggested that Hawksmoor may have assisted in the work.
The school room is 42 by 30 feet and raised several feet above the surrounding area. There is a large basement underneath which it is rumoured was used by William Greene to store beer barrels.
The building is Grade One listed.
"But especially he loved to run in the dim twilight of the summer midnights, ... reading sounds as a man may read a book, and seeking for the mysterious something that called -- called, waking or sleeping, at all times, for him to come."
~Jack London, The Call of the Wild
Truth:
When I was eight, at my First Holy Communion, while everyone else was giving me bibles and crosses, my Uncle gave me a book of Jack London stories. I loved him for it.
Not long after that, he heard his own wild call. Yesterday, it finally caught up with him. He never got to Alaska or Montana like he dreamed of. He only got to the bottom of a bottle. Lots and lots of bottles. I hated him for it.
I never did learn that forgive & forget thing from my catechism. I did learn that there is indeed a law of club & fang, and that you can fight it. If you want to.
For Me Again Monday ~ truth or dare
SW. LUTH. AUGSBURG CHURCH. PORTER IND.
Date: Circa 1910
Source Type: Postcard
Publisher, Printer, Photographer: Karbo, M. L. Photo Company (#9)
Postmark: None
Collection: Steven R. Shook
Remark: Mineral Springs Road is visible along the left side of this postcard image and the church fronts along this road. The church seen in this postcard image no longer exists. It represented the third of four churches that have occupied the same site. The location of this church is the southeast corner of the present day junction of Beam Street and Mineral Springs Road in Porter, Indiana. At 3:45 pm on Saturday, March 11, 1933, the church seen here was destroyed by a fire caused by a propane gas tank explosion in the basement. The blast occurred while the congregation's Luther League members were preparing to serve a waffle supper. Injured were Ruth Chellberg, Adele Borg, Marion Dilley, and Steve Ignacik. Chellburg was severely burned but she did recover.
The church filed suit in the Porter Circuit Court for damages against the Protane Corporation and Illinois Bottled Gas Company to collect $21,000 in losses caused by the fire.
By August of 1933, construction had begun on the structure currently used by the congregation. The structure cost $30,000 to build and was sited at the same location of previous church.
The Augsburg Evangelical Lutheran Church in Porter, Porter County, Indiana, can trace its establishment to 1852.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the October 14, 1899, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The Baillytown Swedish Lutherans have started out to raise money to build a new church on their property west of the Hydraulic brick yards. If build the structure is to be the finest in the township.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the February 17, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Chesterton Chips.
The Swedish Lutheran Augsburgs church decided at a meeting held Feb. 14 to build a new church this year. The plans call for a church the equal of any in the township. The basement will be of stone, and the main part of brick. The main part will seat 300 and the gallery 100. E. G. Peterson, of Englewood, Ills., is the architect, and will superintend the work. A lot of material will be donated, and also considerable labor, including hauling, by the congregation. Work on the edifice will begin as soon as the weather will permit.
-----------------
The following two newspaper items appeared in the March 3, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The members of the Swedish church have been hauling brick all this week from the Hydraulic yards for their new house of worship.
Rev. M. Lonner went to Joliet Wednesday to make the contract for stone for the foundation of the new church. He returned Thursday evening.
Carlson & Nelson have the contract for the building of the new Swedish church at Baillytown, the plans for which will call for the expenditure of about $4,000. The old edifice will be moved across the road from its present site and will be occupied by the church until the new structure is ready for dedication.
-----------------
The following two newspaper items appeared in the May 5, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
The Swedish Lutheran congregation of Baillytown will give a strawberry festival in the orchard at the parsonage this (Saturday) evening beginning at 7 o'clock, to which all are invited. The proceeds will be turned over to the church building fund.
E. G. Peterson, of Chicago, architect for the Baillytown church, was here last Tuesday and had a meeting with the building committee, and it was decided to begin work as soon as the old church is removed. The work will be in charge of the architect, who will come and inspect it once a week during it progress. J. P. Carlson was elected as foreman under the architect to take charge of the labor, etc.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the July 6, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
The Swedish Lutheran picnic given in Samuelson's grove on the Fourth of July netted the new church fund over $300. It was attended by over 2,000 people, a great many of whom were former residents of this township now living in neighboring towns, who were very generous to the cause. It is surprising the large number of people who once lived here that are now located elsewhere. They all return to renew old friendships on the fourth, preferring old friends to the attractions of the cities.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the July 20, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The laying of the corner stone of the new Swedish Lutheran church at Baillytown will take place Sunday afternoon, July 22, beginning at 3 o'clock. The corner stone will be laid by Rev. H. O. Lindblad of Chicago, who will also deliver the principal address of the day. There will be addresses in German by Rev. Houseman of Chesterton, and Rev. Lonner will talk in English. Rev. Lindblad will speak in Swedish. The public is cordially invited to attend. An appropriate program has been prepared for the occasion. In the forenoon Rev. Lindblad will preach in the old church. In the afternoon there will be a collection taken up for the church fund; those attending will please bring their purses to help the good cause along.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the July 27, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
CORNER STONE OF BAILLYTOWN CHURCH
Is Laid Amid Imposing Ceremonies and General Rejoicing by the Swedish Lutheran congregation Last Sunday
The corner stone of the new Swedish Lutheran Augsburg church at Porter was laid on Sunday afternoon last. All the members from the different districts of the church and a great many from Chesterton, Millers and other neighboring villages were present. It is possible there were 1000 present to witness this solemn ceremony. A little after three o'clock it began with the singing of a hymn in the Swedish language by the congregation. After the singing, Rev. H. O. Lindeblad, of Chicage [sic], gave the principal address of the occasion and had chosen for his text Jeremiah 51:50. "Remember the Lord from afar, and let Jerusalem come into your mind." In this address words were uttered that will always be remembered in the hearts of those present that could understand the beautiful language of the Swedish people. Rev. Housman of Chesterton, was the next speaker, and he gave an address in the German language. The writer of this not only understands German but is able to talk in that language also, therefore he is able to say that Rev. Housman gave both a good and very appropriate address for the occasion.
Rev. Lonner, pastor of the church was the third speaker. He spoke first in the Swedish language and gave a history of the church from its beginning, and stated that this building of which the corner stone now is to be laid will be the third the congregation has built in its history and had to worship in. Rev. Lonner gave the same address in English also. Rev. Lindeblad also made a few remarks in English, and a Swedish hymn was sung by the congregation while a collection was taken up, amounting to nearly $41. To close, the corner stone was laid by Rev. Lindblad, and he also pronounced the benediction over all present, over the congregation and over the work of the new church. The chorus also assisted in singing a very appropriate hymn.
The following articles were placed in the corner stone. Several Swedish newspapers and the Chesterton Tribune, a history of the church from its beginning until the present time, two of the Swedish hymn books that are now used in the church, one picture of the present pastor and his family, one new testament in the Swedish language, one medal made in honor of the meeting at Ujesala in 1539, when the Lutheran faith was established in all Sweden, one 50 cent piece, one 25 cent piece, one 10 cent piece, one 5 cent piece and one 1 cent piece and also a small copper coin of Swedish money, Luther's smaller catechism in Swedish, etc.
The church was established 48 years ago. At the beginning there were only eight families, in all 46 members, many of whom are now dead, and others have moved away from here. Only three of those who were with it from the beginning do yet belong to the church, and only two of them were present to see the laying of the corner stone. The names of those yet belonging are Otto Wistrand, of Salt Creek, James Erikson, of Baillytown, and Carl Gustaf Johnson, of Chesterton. When the church was established the members were all very poor; now the members are mostly all well off, and some are what may be said very wealthy. The congregation has always prospered and although many have year by year died and other have moved from here it has grown, and its present membership is 360. Eight pastors have as yet served the congregation. Rev. A. A. Andreen was the first pastor of the church. For some years he labored here and did good work, and that may be said of all his successors. Rev. P. Ljablom had charge of the church as its pastor from July 29, 1866, until April 1, 1869, when he moved to Minnesota where he is yet a laborer in God's vineyard. Rev. J. P. Nyquist was located here from Sept. 24, 1869, to May 30, 1871. Rev. Nyquist has been for many years, among those that rest the eternal rest above. Rev. C. H. Labeyren served the congregation from July 1, 1871, until the beginning of 1875. He is at present located in Nebraska. Rev. A. Challman was located here from March 3, 1875 to May 27, 1886. Two months ago he was by his Master relieved from work here and is now at rest in heaven. Rev. W. F. Doureen labored as the pastor of the congregation from June, 1891, to June 1, 1898. During 1898 Rev. O. V. Holmgrain, of Chesterton, served the congregation as its temporary pastor. Rev. M. J. Lonner has served the congregation since August 3d of last year.
Rev. Lonner has labored hard for the welfare and upbuilding of the congregation. The new church will, for generations to come, stand as a monument and as a proof of his faithful work. He has, in the last two months, raised over $1300 for the new church and he expected to be able to raise $700 more during this and next month. When the congregation decided to build the new church it had already nearly $2,000 in a fund for the same purpose, and with $2,000 more and all the donated labor it is expected the church will be paid for when finished, and it will be safe to say when furnished that it will be one of the finest country churches in the county.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the September 14, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The brick work on the new church at Baillytown, will soon be finished and as soon as possible the church will be inclosed nd the work inside begun.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the September 28, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Chesterton Chips.
Work on the new church at Baillytown is progressing as rapidly as possible. The structure looms up imposingly, and is a credit to the devotion and enterprise of the Swedish people of this township.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the October 5, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The roof is being put on the new Baillytown church and will be nearly completed this week.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the November 16, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The contract for the new pews for the Baillytown church has been let to the Grand Rapids School Furniture Co. It is expected that the church will be ready for use by Christmas if the weather will continue favorable.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the January 7, 1901, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The colored glass for the Baillytown church has arrived, and will be put in place at once. The pews have also come, and will be put in place as soon as possible, which may but be until the last of the month.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the February 22, 1901, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
Work on the new Baillytown church is being rushed as fast as possible. The painters began work Thursday of this week. It is now thought that the edifice will be ready for services some time the last of March.
The old frame church building at Baillytown will be for sale as soon as the new one is ready. It is 27 by 50, one story, and 14 ft. ceiling. It has good frames and easy to move. It can be made into a good store building. The trustees will have the selling of it.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the March 22, 1901, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
It is now hoped that the new church at Baillytown will be ready for dedication next Easter. The painters are doing the inside work, and the furnace is in and running to keep the interior warm and dry. This church is undoubtedly the finest in the township. Rev. Lonner has already begun a campaign for a bell suitable for the edifices that he wants a pipe organ.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the April 5, 1901, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
To The Public.
The new Swedish Lutheran church at Baillytown will be about finished by Easter, and the opening service will be held in it the first Sunday after Easter, beginning at 10 o'clock in the morning. The communion service will be held in Swedish by Rev. M. J. Lonner, and Rev. H. O. Lindeblad, chaplain of Augustana Hospital, will preach from the pulpit in English. A great number of new members will be added to the congregation.
As to the new church, I say nothing. I will only invite all the members who have donated to it, and everyone else who is able to be present at the opening service to be with us, and than [sic] you can judge for yourself as to the looks of it, and I known you will say that it is good workmanship all through, and you will say that Messrs. Lahayn and Sandberg, of Chesterton, have shown themselves as masters of their trade. You will say that the fresco painting they have done is of the very finest, and you will say the same about the graining and the finishing touches of all the woodwork in the church. You are all requested to bring your pocketbook with you because a big collection is to be taken up for the benefit of the church.
Respectfully your friend,
M. J. LONNER,
Past of the church.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the June 14, 1901, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The basement of the new church is to be furnished. Messrs. J. P. Carlson and Alfred Borg commenced the work this week.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the July 12, 1901, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The old Baillytown church building has been sold to Carl Swenson.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the November 15, 1901, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
As it is near to the dedication of our new church, that is so near to Nov. 25, I will kindly ask all who have donated to be present on that day at 10 a. m., to see the dedication of the grand, new church. The dedication sermon will be preached in Swedish by the Rt. Rev. Bishop von Scheele from Sweden. Afterwards will be a short sermon in English by Rev. Lofgren, of Michigan City, and then the Bishop will speak in English. After the dedication a good dinner will be served for all in the basement. The new church bell, which cost nearly $500 and is bought from Meneely & Co., West Troy, N. Y., will call to service for the first time that day. Be sure to come now and come early in order to get room. As many at Valparaiso have donated to our church I hope the Valparaiso papers will also give room for this invitation.
Respectfully,
M. J. LONNER, pastor.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the November 29, 1901, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
IMPRESSIVE DEDICATION SERVICES.
Held Last Monday in the New Swedish Lutheran Augsburg Church at Porter.
Bishop von Scheele, Personal Representative of King Oscar of Sweden, Presides Over the Ceremonies.
The Large Church is Packed to the Doors Withy People From Far and Near Who Came to Witness the Ceremonies.
BY MRS. HANNAH S. BURSTROM.
The greatest event in the history of the Swedish Lutheran Augsburg church of Baillytown took place at 10 a. m. Monday, when the new church was dedicated. The occasion was hightened [sic] by the presence of Bishop von Scheele, of Sweden, a representative of King Oscar II.
The services were opened by the singing of a song by the congregation, after which the Bishop made his appearance in the clerical robes of the State church of Sweden. He has a straight, fine figure, and the gray locks on his head made him look venerable indeed. His discourse was a very able one, and he seemed to speak from the fullness of his heart. He spoke for about 45 minutes the first time, in the Swedish language. After him spoke the Rev. Abrahamson, of Chicago, in Swedish; Rev. D. A. Lofgren, of Michigan City, spoke in English.
The dedication ceremonies were conducted by Bishop von Scheele, assisted by nearly a dozen ministers from Chicago and elsewhere, the ceremony being very solemn. After the dedication the Bishop spoke in English and German. At the close of the services everybody was invited to shake hands with him, and every one present took advantage of the opportunity to shake hands with the distinguished clergyman, and all were given a hearty return of the friendly greeting.
Greetings per telegram were read from King Oscar of Sweden.
At the close of the morning services dinner was served for the Bishop and his party in the parsonage, and for other friends in the basement of the church.
The Bishop and his party left for Chicago at 2 o’clock. The afternoon service was conducted by Rev. Siljesstrom, of Laporte, and Rev. Forsberg, of South Bend.
Thus closed the greatest day in the history of the church.
There was one thing, however, that was a sad disappointment, and that was that the new bell did not arrive in time. It came to Chesterton Saturday night, but that was too late to get it hoisted. The pastor and congregation had worked hard all summer to get the bell in time for the dedication, but were destined to be disappointed after all. But “every cloud has a silver lining,” as the saying is. The ball is here and will be in place before another Sabbath.
A few works, before we close, about the object of Bishop von Scheele’s visit to this country. Bishop von Scheele and Rev. P. W. Waldenstrom were invited by Yale University to attend their bi-centennial anniversary as representatives of two of the oldest and most noted colleges in Sweden. “Upsala” and “Geile” college. They really did not represent these institutions, but they figured as such at Yale because all foreign visitors had to represent some institution of learning from their own country.
Then by invitation of the Lutheran Augustana Synod of North America and also at the request of King Oscar II, to represent him, he has been visiting the principal churches, schools and other institutions of that synod. He has been received with enthusiasm everywhere. At the festivities held at Bethany College, Lindsburg, Kansas, a long telegram of greeting arrived from President Roosevelt, also one from U. S. minister to Sweden and Norway, W. W. Thomas.
The railroad companies have vied with each other to carry the Bishop and his party, and some have furnished special car for their benefit.
We understand he will leave the United States for his own country some time in December.
The corner stone of the new edifice was laid on Sunday afternoon July 22, 1900, in the presence of all the members of the church and a great many from Chesterton, Millers and other neighboring villages were present to witness the ceremony. The following articles were placed in the corner stone: Several Swedish newspapers, a copy of the Chesterton Tribune, a history of the church from the beginning until the present time, two of the Swedish hymn books, such as are now used in the church, one picture of the present pastor and his family, one new testament in the Swedish language, one medal in honor of the meeting at Ujesala, in 1539, when the Lutheran faith was established in all Sweden, one 50 cent piece, one 25 cent piece, one 10 cent piece, one 5 cent piece and one 1 cent piece, and also a small copper coin of Swedish money, and Luther’s smaller catechism in Swedish.
The church was established about fifty years ago, and at the beginning there were only eight families, 46 members in all, most of whom are now dead and others have moved away from here. When the church was established the members were all very poor, now they are all well off, and some are quite wealthy. The congregation has always prospered, and although many have passed away year by year, and others have gone to seek new homes and fortunes elsewhere, the membership has grown to nearly 400.
Eight pastors have served the congregation, Rev. A. Andreen being the first. He labored here for a number of years with excellent results. Rev. P. Ljablom was pastor of the church from July 29, 1866, until April 1, 1869, when he moved to Minnesota, where he is yet a laborer in God’s vineyard. Rev. J. P. Niquist was located here from Sept. 24, 1869 to May 30, 1871. Rev. C. H. Labeyron served the congregation from July 1, 1871, to 1875, and is now located in Nebraska. Rev. A. Challman came here March 3, 1875, and remained for over eleven years. He was succeeded by Rev. W. F. Doureen, who labored here until June 1, 1898. Rev. O. V. Holmgrain, of Chesterton, served the congregation temporarily until August 3, 1899, when Rev. M. J. Lonner, the present pastor, took up the work of the congregation, and to his untiring efforts may be credited the handsome new house of God.
Sources:
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; October 14, 1899; Volume 16, Number 27, Page 4, Column 3. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; February 17, 1900; Volume 16, Number 45, Page 5, Column 6. Column titled "Chesterton Chips."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; March 3, 1900; Volume 16, Number 47, Page 4, Column 3. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; May 11, 1900; Volume 17, Number 5, Page 1, Column 7. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; July 6, 1900; Volume 17, Number 13, Page 5, Column 6. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; July 20, 1900; Volume 17, Number 15, Page 5, Column 6. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; July 27, 1900; Volume 16, Number 16, Page 5, Columns 5-7. Column titled "Corner Stone of Baillytown Church Is Laid Amid Imposing Ceremonies and General Rejoicing by the Swedish Lutheran congregation Last Sunday."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; September 14, 1900; Volume 17, Number 23, Page 1, Column 6. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; September 28, 1900; Volume 17, Number 25, Page 5, Column 7. Column titled "Chesterton Chips."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; October 5, 1900; Volume 17, Number 26, Page 2, Column 6. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; November 16, 1900; Volume 17, Number 32, Page 5, Column 7. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; January 4, 1901; Volume 17, Number 39, Page 4, Column 7. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; February 22, 1901; Volume 17, Number 46, Page 4, Column 2. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; March 22, 1901; Volume 17, Number 50, Page 5, Column 3. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; April 5, 1901; Volume 17, Number 52, Page 5, Column 3. Column titled "To The Public."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; June 14, 1901; Volume 18, Number 10, Page 5, Column 7. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; July 12, 1901; Volume 18, Number 14, Page 5, Column 7. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; November 15, 1901; Volume 18, Number 32, Page 4, Column 7. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; November 29, 1901; Volume 18, Number 34, Page 1, Columns 6-7. Column titled "Impressive Dedication Services,"
by Mrs. Hannah S. Burstrom.
Copyright 2012. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.
www.sriyantras.com/christian-symbols.html
Hundreds Of High Resolution Christian Symbols in Mandala Form. The Symbols Of The Cross and The Star Of Bethlehem Drawn In Mandala Formation With Influence From Tibetan BUddhist Concepts.
www.sriyantras.com/christian-symbols.html
www.sriyantras.com/christian-symbols.html
Hundreds Of High Resolution Christian Symbols in Mandala Form. The Symbols Of The Cross and The Star Of Bethlehem Drawn In Mandala Formation With Influence From Tibetan BUddhist Concepts.
227,905 items / 1,907,128 views
I have always been fascinated by the church as a child , a dreamer I saw dreams , wordless as I sat in the Cathedral of Holy Name Wodehouse Road , my recess time my lunch break bought me here ,perhaps this was the earliest grounding inspiration of my becoming a photographer a poet and a photo blogger ...much late in life as the major part of my lifes journey was consumed by chronic alcoholism
And I came and sat here since 1963 .. being a Shia Muslim did not deter me , I had taken up Catechism instead of Moral Science because my parents had faith in me and trusted their decisions , I was a Muslim but got the highest marks in Catechism and than as I came to higher class I reverted to Moral Science and luckily those days I would sit talk on religion with Fr Leslie Ratus Fr Stephen Narzareth both deceased .. and in all these years neither did the priests or the school ever try to convert me to their religion or views .. and I am proud to say Christianity made me a good Muslim and a good Indian too.
So I shoot Jesus write Jesus poetry , shoot Good Friday and the 14 Stations of the Cross , I pay my tribute to those that made me humble human and sensitive to other peoples pain..
Later on when I came to Bandra I met the Jesuits and began shooting St Peter Church Bandra , Fr Jaun my spiritual godfather parish priest helped me understand life and it was St Peter that became my parish..I shot other Bandra churches but I found peace at St Peter Church.I dont know why..
So this is my blog of peace during the Holy Week.. I shot the Cathedral of Holy Name in available light without using flash.. I shot my childhood my school memories and I shot my rebirth too as a beggar poet of Mumbai .. a Shia Hindu a Dam Madar Malang too
www.sriyantras.com/christian-symbols.html
Hundreds Of High Resolution Christian Symbols in Mandala Form. The Symbols Of The Cross and The Star Of Bethlehem Drawn In Mandala Formation With Influence From Tibetan BUddhist Concepts.
www.sriyantras.com/christian-symbols.html
www.sriyantras.com/christian-symbols.html
Hundreds Of High Resolution Christian Symbols in Mandala Form. The Symbols Of The Cross and The Star Of Bethlehem Drawn In Mandala Formation With Influence From Tibetan BUddhist Concepts.
My family's church in Muskegon. This is where I had Catechism every Tuesday night from 1st through 6th grades.
The church was built in 1966. It was designed by architect Marcel Breuer.
From Wikipedia: The Grand Marian Procession is intended to promote religious catechism through publicly parading images outside the Manila cathedral on the Feast of the Immaculate Conception.
In addition, the Cofradia is known for selecting more than ninety of the most prominent and liturgically inspiring Marian images in the country, most notably the ones featured, as the canonically crowned images in the Philippines, such as the Our Lady of La Naval de Manila and Our Lady of Manaoag. The event is often chaperoned by the Armed Forces of the Philippines who sponsors the security of the event.
"BOULEVARD" PORTER IND.
Date: 1909
Source Type: Postcard
Publisher, Printer, Photographer: Karbo, M. L. Photo Company (#15)
Postmark: November 15, 1909, Porter, Indiana
Collection: Steven R. Shook
Remark: The Augsburg Evangelical Lutheran Church in Porter, Porter County, Indiana, can trace its establishment to 1852. The church seen in this postcard image no longer exists. It represented the third of four churches that have occupied the same site. The location of this church is the southeast corner of the present day junction of Beam Street and Mineral Springs Road in Porter, Indiana.
At 3:45 pm on Saturday, March 11, 1933, the church seen here was destroyed by a fire caused by a propane gas tank explosion in the basement. The blast occurred while the congregation's Luther League members were preparing to serve a waffle supper. Injured were Ruth Chellberg, Adele Borg, Marion Dilley, and Steve Ignacik. Chellburg was severely burned but she did recover.
The church filed suit in the Porter Circuit Court for damages against the Protane Corporation and Illinois Bottled Gas Company to collect $21,000 in losses caused by the fire.
By August of 1933, construction had begun on the structure currently used by the congregation. The structure cost $30,000 to build and was sited at the same location of previous church.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the October 14, 1899, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The Baillytown Swedish Lutherans have started out to raise money to build a new church on their property west of the Hydraulic brick yards. If build the structure is to be the finest in the township.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the February 17, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Chesterton Chips.
The Swedish Lutheran Augsburgs church decided at a meeting held Feb. 14 to build a new church this year. The plans call for a church the equal of any in the township. The basement will be of stone, and the main part of brick. The main part will seat 300 and the gallery 100. E. G. Peterson, of Englewood, Ills., is the architect, and will superintend the work. A lot of material will be donated, and also considerable labor, including hauling, by the congregation. Work on the edifice will begin as soon as the weather will permit.
-----------------
The following two newspaper items appeared in the March 3, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The members of the Swedish church have been hauling brick all this week from the Hydraulic yards for their new house of worship.
Rev. M. Lonner went to Joliet Wednesday to make the contract for stone for the foundation of the new church. He returned Thursday evening.
Carlson & Nelson have the contract for the building of the new Swedish church at Baillytown, the plans for which will call for the expenditure of about $4,000. The old edifice will be moved across the road from its present site and will be occupied by the church until the new structure is ready for dedication.
-----------------
The following two newspaper items appeared in the May 5, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
The Swedish Lutheran congregation of Baillytown will give a strawberry festival in the orchard at the parsonage this (Saturday) evening beginning at 7 o'clock, to which all are invited. The proceeds will be turned over to the church building fund.
E. G. Peterson, of Chicago, architect for the Baillytown church, was here last Tuesday and had a meeting with the building committee, and it was decided to begin work as soon as the old church is removed. The work will be in charge of the architect, who will come and inspect it once a week during it progress. J. P. Carlson was elected as foreman under the architect to take charge of the labor, etc.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the July 6, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
The Swedish Lutheran picnic given in Samuelson's grove on the Fourth of July netted the new church fund over $300. It was attended by over 2,000 people, a great many of whom were former residents of this township now living in neighboring towns, who were very generous to the cause. It is surprising the large number of people who once lived here that are now located elsewhere. They all return to renew old friendships on the fourth, preferring old friends to the attractions of the cities.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the July 20, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The laying of the corner stone of the new Swedish Lutheran church at Baillytown will take place Sunday afternoon, July 22, beginning at 3 o'clock. The corner stone will be laid by Rev. H. O. Lindblad of Chicago, who will also deliver the principal address of the day. There will be addresses in German by Rev. Houseman of Chesterton, and Rev. Lonner will talk in English. Rev. Lindblad will speak in Swedish. The public is cordially invited to attend. An appropriate program has been prepared for the occasion. In the forenoon Rev. Lindblad will preach in the old church. In the afternoon there will be a collection taken up for the church fund; those attending will please bring their purses to help the good cause along.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the July 27, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
CORNER STONE OF BAILLYTOWN CHURCH
Is Laid Amid Imposing Ceremonies and General Rejoicing by the Swedish Lutheran congregation Last Sunday
The corner stone of the new Swedish Lutheran Augsburg church at Porter was laid on Sunday afternoon last. All the members from the different districts of the church and a great many from Chesterton, Millers and other neighboring villages were present. It is possible there were 1000 present to witness this solemn ceremony. A little after three o'clock it began with the singing of a hymn in the Swedish language by the congregation. After the singing, Rev. H. O. Lindeblad, of Chicage [sic], gave the principal address of the occasion and had chosen for his text Jeremiah 51:50. "Remember the Lord from afar, and let Jerusalem come into your mind." In this address words were uttered that will always be remembered in the hearts of those present that could understand the beautiful language of the Swedish people. Rev. Housman of Chesterton, was the next speaker, and he gave an address in the German language. The writer of this not only understands German but is able to talk in that language also, therefore he is able to say that Rev. Housman gave both a good and very appropriate address for the occasion.
Rev. Lonner, pastor of the church was the third speaker. He spoke first in the Swedish language and gave a history of the church from its beginning, and stated that this building of which the corner stone now is to be laid will be the third the congregation has built in its history and had to worship in. Rev. Lonner gave the same address in English also. Rev. Lindeblad also made a few remarks in English, and a Swedish hymn was sung by the congregation while a collection was taken up, amounting to nearly $41. To close, the corner stone was laid by Rev. Lindblad, and he also pronounced the benediction over all present, over the congregation and over the work of the new church. The chorus also assisted in singing a very appropriate hymn.
The following articles were placed in the corner stone. Several Swedish newspapers and the Chesterton Tribune, a history of the church from its beginning until the present time, two of the Swedish hymn books that are now used in the church, one picture of the present pastor and his family, one new testament in the Swedish language, one medal made in honor of the meeting at Ujesala in 1539, when the Lutheran faith was established in all Sweden, one 50 cent piece, one 25 cent piece, one 10 cent piece, one 5 cent piece and one 1 cent piece and also a small copper coin of Swedish money, Luther's smaller catechism in Swedish, etc.
The church was established 48 years ago. At the beginning there were only eight families, in all 46 members, many of whom are now dead, and others have moved away from here. Only three of those who were with it from the beginning do yet belong to the church, and only two of them were present to see the laying of the corner stone. The names of those yet belonging are Otto Wistrand, of Salt Creek, James Erikson, of Baillytown, and Carl Gustaf Johnson, of Chesterton. When the church was established the members were all very poor; now the members are mostly all well off, and some are what may be said very wealthy. The congregation has always prospered and although many have year by year died and other have moved from here it has grown, and its present membership is 360. Eight pastors have as yet served the congregation. Rev. A. A. Andreen was the first pastor of the church. For some years he labored here and did good work, and that may be said of all his successors. Rev. P. Ljablom had charge of the church as its pastor from July 29, 1866, until April 1, 1869, when he moved to Minnesota where he is yet a laborer in God's vineyard. Rev. J. P. Nyquist was located here from Sept. 24, 1869, to May 30, 1871. Rev. Nyquist has been for many years, among those that rest the eternal rest above. Rev. C. H. Labeyren served the congregation from July 1, 1871, until the beginning of 1875. He is at present located in Nebraska. Rev. A. Challman was located here from March 3, 1875 to May 27, 1886. Two months ago he was by his Master relieved from work here and is now at rest in heaven. Rev. W. F. Doureen labored as the pastor of the congregation from June, 1891, to June 1, 1898. During 1898 Rev. O. V. Holmgrain, of Chesterton, served the congregation as its temporary pastor. Rev. M. J. Lonner has served the congregation since August 3d of last year.
Rev. Lonner has labored hard for the welfare and upbuilding of the congregation. The new church will, for generations to come, stand as a monument and as a proof of his faithful work. He has, in the last two months, raised over $1300 for the new church and he expected to be able to raise $700 more during this and next month. When the congregation decided to build the new church it had already nearly $2,000 in a fund for the same purpose, and with $2,000 more and all the donated labor it is expected the church will be paid for when finished, and it will be safe to say when furnished that it will be one of the finest country churches in the county.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the September 14, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The brick work on the new church at Baillytown, will soon be finished and as soon as possible the church will be inclosed nd the work inside begun.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the September 28, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Chesterton Chips.
Work on the new church at Baillytown is progressing as rapidly as possible. The structure looms up imposingly, and is a credit to the devotion and enterprise of the Swedish people of this township.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the October 5, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The roof is being put on the new Baillytown church and will be nearly completed this week.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the November 16, 1900, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The contract for the new pews for the Baillytown church has been let to the Grand Rapids School Furniture Co. It is expected that the church will be ready for use by Christmas if the weather will continue favorable.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the January 7, 1901, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The colored glass for the Baillytown church has arrived, and will be put in place at once. The pews have also come, and will be put in place as soon as possible, which may but be until the last of the month.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the February 22, 1901, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
Work on the new Baillytown church is being rushed as fast as possible. The painters began work Thursday of this week. It is now thought that the edifice will be ready for services some time the last of March.
The old frame church building at Baillytown will be for sale as soon as the new one is ready. It is 27 by 50, one story, and 14 ft. ceiling. It has good frames and easy to move. It can be made into a good store building. The trustees will have the selling of it.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the March 22, 1901, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
It is now hoped that the new church at Baillytown will be ready for dedication next Easter. The painters are doing the inside work, and the furnace is in and running to keep the interior warm and dry. This church is undoubtedly the finest in the township. Rev. Lonner has already begun a campaign for a bell suitable for the edifices that he wants a pipe organ.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the April 5, 1901, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
To The Public.
The new Swedish Lutheran church at Baillytown will be about finished by Easter, and the opening service will be held in it the first Sunday after Easter, beginning at 10 o'clock in the morning. The communion service will be held in Swedish by Rev. M. J. Lonner, and Rev. H. O. Lindeblad, chaplain of Augustana Hospital, will preach from the pulpit in English. A great number of new members will be added to the congregation.
As to the new church, I say nothing. I will only invite all the members who have donated to it, and everyone else who is able to be present at the opening service to be with us, and than [sic] you can judge for yourself as to the looks of it, and I known you will say that it is good workmanship all through, and you will say that Messrs. Lahayn and Sandberg, of Chesterton, have shown themselves as masters of their trade. You will say that the fresco painting they have done is of the very finest, and you will say the same about the graining and the finishing touches of all the woodwork in the church. You are all requested to bring your pocketbook with you because a big collection is to be taken up for the benefit of the church.
Respectfully your friend,
M. J. LONNER,
Past of the church.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the June 14, 1901, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The basement of the new church is to be furnished. Messrs. J. P. Carlson and Alfred Borg commenced the work this week.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the July 12, 1901, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
The old Baillytown church building has been sold to Carl Swenson.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the November 15, 1901, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter Pointers.
As it is near to the dedication of our new church, that is so near to Nov. 25, I will kindly ask all who have donated to be present on that day at 10 a. m., to see the dedication of the grand, new church. The dedication sermon will be preached in Swedish by the Rt. Rev. Bishop von Scheele from Sweden. Afterwards will be a short sermon in English by Rev. Lofgren, of Michigan City, and then the Bishop will speak in English. After the dedication a good dinner will be served for all in the basement. The new church bell, which cost nearly $500 and is bought from Meneely & Co., West Troy, N. Y., will call to service for the first time that day. Be sure to come now and come early in order to get room. As many at Valparaiso have donated to our church I hope the Valparaiso papers will also give room for this invitation.
Respectfully,
M. J. LONNER, pastor.
-----------------
The following newspaper item appeared in the November 29, 1901, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
IMPRESSIVE DEDICATION SERVICES.
Held Last Monday in the New Swedish Lutheran Augsburg Church at Porter.
Bishop von Scheele, Personal Representative of King Oscar of Sweden, Presides Over the Ceremonies.
The Large Church is Packed to the Doors Withy People From Far and Near Who Came to Witness the Ceremonies.
BY MRS. HANNAH S. BURSTROM.
The greatest event in the history of the Swedish Lutheran Augsburg church of Baillytown took place at 10 a. m. Monday, when the new church was dedicated. The occasion was hightened [sic] by the presence of Bishop von Scheele, of Sweden, a representative of King Oscar II.
The services were opened by the singing of a song by the congregation, after which the Bishop made his appearance in the clerical robes of the State church of Sweden. He has a straight, fine figure, and the gray locks on his head made him look venerable indeed. His discourse was a very able one, and he seemed to speak from the fullness of his heart. He spoke for about 45 minutes the first time, in the Swedish language. After him spoke the Rev. Abrahamson, of Chicago, in Swedish; Rev. D. A. Lofgren, of Michigan City, spoke in English.
The dedication ceremonies were conducted by Bishop von Scheele, assisted by nearly a dozen ministers from Chicago and elsewhere, the ceremony being very solemn. After the dedication the Bishop spoke in English and German. At the close of the services everybody was invited to shake hands with him, and every one present took advantage of the opportunity to shake hands with the distinguished clergyman, and all were given a hearty return of the friendly greeting.
Greetings per telegram were read from King Oscar of Sweden.
At the close of the morning services dinner was served for the Bishop and his party in the parsonage, and for other friends in the basement of the church.
The Bishop and his party left for Chicago at 2 o’clock. The afternoon service was conducted by Rev. Siljesstrom, of Laporte, and Rev. Forsberg, of South Bend.
Thus closed the greatest day in the history of the church.
There was one thing, however, that was a sad disappointment, and that was that the new bell did not arrive in time. It came to Chesterton Saturday night, but that was too late to get it hoisted. The pastor and congregation had worked hard all summer to get the bell in time for the dedication, but were destined to be disappointed after all. But “every cloud has a silver lining,” as the saying is. The ball is here and will be in place before another Sabbath.
A few works, before we close, about the object of Bishop von Scheele’s visit to this country. Bishop von Scheele and Rev. P. W. Waldenstrom were invited by Yale University to attend their bi-centennial anniversary as representatives of two of the oldest and most noted colleges in Sweden. “Upsala” and “Geile” college. They really did not represent these institutions, but they figured as such at Yale because all foreign visitors had to represent some institution of learning from their own country.
Then by invitation of the Lutheran Augustana Synod of North America and also at the request of King Oscar II, to represent him, he has been visiting the principal churches, schools and other institutions of that synod. He has been received with enthusiasm everywhere. At the festivities held at Bethany College, Lindsburg, Kansas, a long telegram of greeting arrived from President Roosevelt, also one from U. S. minister to Sweden and Norway, W. W. Thomas.
The railroad companies have vied with each other to carry the Bishop and his party, and some have furnished special car for their benefit.
We understand he will leave the United States for his own country some time in December.
The corner stone of the new edifice was laid on Sunday afternoon July 22, 1900, in the presence of all the members of the church and a great many from Chesterton, Millers and other neighboring villages were present to witness the ceremony. The following articles were placed in the corner stone: Several Swedish newspapers, a copy of the Chesterton Tribune, a history of the church from the beginning until the present time, two of the Swedish hymn books, such as are now used in the church, one picture of the present pastor and his family, one new testament in the Swedish language, one medal in honor of the meeting at Ujesala, in 1539, when the Lutheran faith was established in all Sweden, one 50 cent piece, one 25 cent piece, one 10 cent piece, one 5 cent piece and one 1 cent piece, and also a small copper coin of Swedish money, and Luther’s smaller catechism in Swedish.
The church was established about fifty years ago, and at the beginning there were only eight families, 46 members in all, most of whom are now dead and others have moved away from here. When the church was established the members were all very poor, now they are all well off, and some are quite wealthy. The congregation has always prospered, and although many have passed away year by year, and others have gone to seek new homes and fortunes elsewhere, the membership has grown to nearly 400.
Eight pastors have served the congregation, Rev. A. Andreen being the first. He labored here for a number of years with excellent results. Rev. P. Ljablom was pastor of the church from July 29, 1866, until April 1, 1869, when he moved to Minnesota, where he is yet a laborer in God’s vineyard. Rev. J. P. Niquist was located here from Sept. 24, 1869 to May 30, 1871. Rev. C. H. Labeyron served the congregation from July 1, 1871, to 1875, and is now located in Nebraska. Rev. A. Challman came here March 3, 1875, and remained for over eleven years. He was succeeded by Rev. W. F. Doureen, who labored here until June 1, 1898. Rev. O. V. Holmgrain, of Chesterton, served the congregation temporarily until August 3, 1899, when Rev. M. J. Lonner, the present pastor, took up the work of the congregation, and to his untiring efforts may be credited the handsome new house of God.
Sources:
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; October 14, 1899; Volume 16, Number 27, Page 4, Column 3. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; February 17, 1900; Volume 16, Number 45, Page 5, Column 6. Column titled "Chesterton Chips."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; March 3, 1900; Volume 16, Number 47, Page 4, Column 3. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; May 11, 1900; Volume 17, Number 5, Page 1, Column 7. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; July 6, 1900; Volume 17, Number 13, Page 5, Column 6. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; July 20, 1900; Volume 17, Number 15, Page 5, Column 6. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; July 27, 1900; Volume 16, Number 16, Page 5, Columns 5-7. Column titled "Corner Stone of Baillytown Church Is Laid Amid Imposing Ceremonies and General Rejoicing by the Swedish Lutheran congregation Last Sunday."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; September 14, 1900; Volume 17, Number 23, Page 1, Column 6. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; September 28, 1900; Volume 17, Number 25, Page 5, Column 7. Column titled "Chesterton Chips."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; October 5, 1900; Volume 17, Number 26, Page 2, Column 6. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; November 16, 1900; Volume 17, Number 32, Page 5, Column 7. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; January 4, 1901; Volume 17, Number 39, Page 4, Column 7. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; February 22, 1901; Volume 17, Number 46, Page 4, Column 2. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; March 22, 1901; Volume 17, Number 50, Page 5, Column 3. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; April 5, 1901; Volume 17, Number 52, Page 5, Column 3. Column titled "To The Public."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; June 14, 1901; Volume 18, Number 10, Page 5, Column 7. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; July 12, 1901; Volume 18, Number 14, Page 5, Column 7. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; November 15, 1901; Volume 18, Number 32, Page 4, Column 7. Column titled "Porter Pointers."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; November 29, 1901; Volume 18, Number 34, Page 1, Columns 6-7. Column titled "Impressive Dedication Services,"
by Mrs. Hannah S. Burstrom.
Copyright 2012. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.
ABCs Attributes of God by Tiny Theologians
Omnibenevolent or Loving
tiny-theologians.com/product/abcs-of-the-attributes-of-god/
Compare "All About Me" Posters
www.pinterest.com/pin/172614598205891457/
www.pinterest.com/pin/172614598205891460/
www.pinterest.com/pin/172614598205891461/
Reformation and Revival (Part Four)
Rev. Iain H. Murray
Theocentric Preaching
www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=83004154530
ABCs Names of God
tiny-theologians.com/product/abcs-of-the-names-of-god/
ABCs of Theology
tiny-theologians.com/product/abcs-of-theology/
"Loving and being loved is all the pleasure, joy, and happiness, of an intelligent being. "
(Matthew Henry Complete Commentary on Romans 13)
"God is love." (John 4:16)
Reference
"G-O-D is L-O-V-E" by Steve Green track 5)
www.christianbook.com/steve-green/heart-volume-2-reissue-...
Shown in photo
Sticker King (219008)
Printed in an edition of 500 copies, this was one of only a very few books that Hilary Pepler printed in a type other than Caslon Old Style. To match the heavier line quality of the wood-engraved borders that surround the text, Pepler purchased a large font of Goudy Old Style Bold (although he still used Caslon on the title page).
Each week a family of the catechism class at the Cathedral receives this chalice with a set of prayers and readings for vocations. This was our week. We received a blessing during the Sunday evening mass and have been saying the prayers all week. The readings were well selected and made for a special experience.
Station facilities/buildings:
#1- Administration Office, Station Exchange/Gas Pumps
#3- Civil Engineering
#4- Heating Facility
#14- Bowling Alley, Gyn, Raquet Ball Court, MWR Supply & Office
#20- Chapel, Catechism/Sunday School, Theater, Communications, Disaster Preparedness, Family Services, Ceramic Shop, Supply
#22- Communications-Electronics Maintenance Office
#16- Commissary
#30- Ground-Air Radio Equipment
#40- Medical Aid Station, Military Police
#41- Bachelor Officer Quarters
#42- Dining Hall
#43 & #44- Dormitory
#45- COM Club, Credit Union, Safety Office, Library, Barber Shop
#49- Senior NCO Dormitory
#50- Motor Pool
#70- Youth Center
#153- Height Tower
#154- Tower (Search Radar/Operations)
#158- Power Plant
Old Meeting House, probably the oldest "place of worship" building in Dudley, West Midlands, England.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The Baylies's were members of the Old Meeting House, Dudley. The brothers Robert and Samuel with their sister Ann having prospered in life and having some idea of the benefits which might accrue to the rising generation, endowed and founded the school bearing their name in Pease Lane, now Tower Street, in 1832. From their tastes, which were mainly educative, we infer from many incidents, that they were of a literary nature, and somewhat in advance of the age.
As all education seemed to be incomplete without a Catechism, the Baylies's being Nonconformist chose and included in their scheme the Assembly's Shorter Catechism as being least Anglican.
The origin of the 'Protestant Dissenters' in Dudley dated from the ejection of the 2000 ministers occasioned by the Act of Nonconformity, which came into force on St Bartholomew's Day, August 24th, 1662. ... In the Birmingham 'Church and King Riots', June 1791, ... many of the chapels round about were dismantled, the Dudley Old Meeting House being among the number.
As stated before, the Baylies's possibly were of this Nonconforming body. www.flickr.com/photos/brianac37/5664749394/in/photostream/
www.jpb.co.uk/booksoc/1898history.htm
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The Old Meeting Congregation legally known as ‘Protestant Dissenters’ were originally Presbyterians but are now Unitarians. And can be traced back to the year 1662, when something like 2,000 Ministers throughout England were ejected from the Church of England, as a result of the Act of Uniformity. The first Chapel was erected in 1702, and was destroyed by rioters in 1715. It was rebuilt in 1717. The transition from old Presbyterianism to Unitarianism was apparently brough about by reason of the trust deed being one of the open kind ‘for the worship of God’ and the progressive change of thought. The Rev. George Eyre Evans (author of Vestiges of Protestant Dissent) in his coming work on ‘Midland Churches’ being the history of all the congregations now on the roll of the Midland Christian Union, and in which this congregation is included, has devoted special attention to the history of this Meeting House. It will contain biographies of the ministers with numerous facsimile autographs, particulars of the buildings, of the now extinct but important Dudley Double Lecture of Baylies’ and Parsons’ Schools, extracted from early prints and government documents, of the Inhedge Burial Ground and the Dudley Book Society. Mr. Eyre Evans having submitted to me his valuable manuscript for perusal and revision, it would be an ungracious act on my part to narrate here what he has written and intends for publication. His work will probably be in the hands of the public during the current year (1899).