View allAll Photos Tagged Calibration
Researchers check out a sensor system configuration at Sandia's Facility for Acceptance, Calibration, and Testing (FACT). The hoses spidering out from the yellow bucket-like container are soaker hoses intended to keep down dust levels around the sensor system.
Researchers at the facility develop and test sensor systems used in the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) detection systems at International Monitoring System (IMS) sites.
(Photo by Randy Montoya)
M1 (Crab Nebula) Ha 3u (WIP)
Equipment:
Mount-Paramount ME
Image Train:- SBIG STL 6303 -> Astrodon MOAG-> OTA
OTA: - Celestron HD14
Filtration: Heutech IDAS LPS-P2 prefilter, Astrondon NB
Plate solve:
RA 05h 34m 32.3s, Dec +21° 58' 56.4"
Pos Angle +05° 37.7', FL 3850.7 mm, 0.96"/Pixel
Collection Dates: Dec 14,20 2012
8 X 30 minutes (Ha 3u-) Bin 2 (240 minutes)
Total time on target 240 minutes 4.0 hours
Imaging: CCD Autopilot driving SkyX/Maxim DL/Robofocus guiding thru Maxim DL thru MOAG 0.1 hrz
Process: Calibration/Assembly Maxim DL, post processing PixInsite/Photohop
This is a rather technical discussion aimed at people who have a digital spectrometer and want to calibrate its photometric response without paying someone to do it for them. I'd like to emphasise the value of doing this carefully since the sensitivity of these spectrometers varies very strongly with wavelength and, if these variations are not mapped and removed, the interpretation of the spectra can become at best misleading and at worst, impossible. This text is based on part of an article I wrote for the Journal of the Fluorescent Mineral Society, Vol 33.
Before starting this story, I should make clear that this calibration is most pertinent to the measurement of emission spectra which includes fluorescence. The calibration of transmittance and reflectance is considerably more straightforward since the measurements are made relative to the actual lamp being used. So, for instance, the transmittance of a sample is defined as the ratio of (the light traversing the sample minus the dark counts* for the same integration time)/(light from the illuminating lamp minus the same dark count). This assumes that the illumination geometry is the same for the observation of the sample as for that of the direct lamp (the reference signal). The calibration is then an integral part of the measurement and is done every time you make one.
So here comes the tricky, very important and often the most neglected part of the process. A spectrometer actually measures the number of 'counts' produced by each pixel of the detector in a given interval of time. The number of these counts in relation to the amount of light energy entering the spectrometer depends on a number of factors:
1. The sensitivity of the detector to light at each wavelength.
2. The efficiency of the dispersing element (grating) to put light into the appropriate diffraction direction.
3. The efficiency of the entire optical system which depends on optical anti-reflection coatings, absorption in transmitting or reflecting optical elements (lenses, fibers, mirrors...).
4. The geometrical matching of the optical system, i.e., the matching of focal ratios of fibers, collimators and cameras.
5. The response of any grating-order sorting filter.
6. The number of 'dark' counts arising from the detector not coming as a result of detected light.
... and probably other factors that I have not thought of!
The net result of this is that a 'raw' spectrum (counts/time vs. wavelength) collected by the spectrometer is a very poor representation of the energy spectrum (I will use the energy Flux per unit wavelength)** that you really want to measure. You can sometimes get away with it over short wavelength intervals where the sensitivity changes only by a small amount, but over a wider wavelength ranges you will see fluctuations and 'ripples' that are certainly not produced by the sample. This is a MAJOR issue for fluorescence spectroscopy since so many of the fluourescence activators produce broadband emission.
This is not just a problem of the gradual fall in spectrometer sensitivity towards the ends of the spectral range. Several of the effects listed above can introduce apparent but unreal spectral features into the raw spectrum which appear as a series of only partially regular 'ripples' that can easily be interpreted as real spectral structures.
Figure right: Shows an observation made of the raw (but background subtracted) counts (orange line) from a fluorescing piece of ulexite excited by a 365nm LED. The multiplication of this counts spectrum by my flux calibration curve transforms it into the energy spectrum (violet line) in units of relative energy flux/nm vs. wavelength in nm. There is a very small bump at 735nm which results from the second order grating leakage of the exciting lamp. Otherwise, the calibrated spectrum is almost perfectly smooth. You wouldn't want to use the raw counts!
So, what can we do about this? The easiest but least satisfying and most expensive way is to ask the manufacturer of the spectrometer to provide you with a so-called Flux calibration. They will do this using a carefully-controlled 'standard lamp' that has a known energy spectrum output. They provide you with a curve which gives the ratio between counts (measured with YOUR spectrometer) and the power transferred from the lamp to the spectrometer input (fiber). This is great but it will change with time and you may have to have it redone every year by re-mortgaging your house.
What I do with my spectrometer depends on the fact that a simple quartz-halogen filament lamp surrounded by a small box lined with aluminium foil emits a pretty-good 'black-body' spectrum (Planck function) over most of the visible spectrum --- especially at the longer wavelengths. The color temperature (CT) of these lamps obviously depends on the current you put through it but is normally around 2600 to 3000 or so Kelvin. The lamp I use is a OSRAM 64225, 10W G4 6V (Halogen display/optic lamp) run at 6.1V
How do you figure out the CT of your lamp? You can measure it with a photographer's CT meter. This is actually not too bad and probably gets you there to within a few tens of K. What I do (I'm an astronomer and know how to do this!) is to use an observation of the Sun in a clear sky. Since the Sun is so bright, I have to use a neutral diffuser: a piece of especially white opalised glass manufactured to be color-neutral over the visible spectrum to about 1000nm. I correct the solar flux spectrum for extinction in the Earth's atmosphere dependent on the solar altitude at the time of the observation. This allows me to construct a curve of the ratio of solar flux/nm to the number of counts per unit time from the solar observation. This gives me a curve that I can multiply into my observations of an emitting source of light. The problem with this is that the solar spectrum contains lots of what we call 'telluric' spectral absorption features produced by oxygen, water and ozone in the atmosphere leaving uncalibrated 'gaps' in my calibration curve - especially at longer wavelengths.
Here is where the lamp observation comes in. I form a similar ratio curve for the lamp data using a computed Planck function to represent the flux. I adjust the temperature in this calculation until the shape of this curve matches the shape of the uncontaminated regions of the solar observation --- which is essentially a measurement of the lamp CT. I then use this lamp-derived curve as my calibration function to be multiplied into any emission measurement. This has the advantage that all the irregularities in the spectometer response, from pixel-to-pixel scale to broad ripples, are removed. Although in principle I have an absolute energy flux calibration, it is difficult to estimate the effect of the diffuser used to measure the Sun an so I almost always only use it as a relative (spectral shape) calibration.
Figure left: This shows the flux calibration curves that I currently use. They were determined from observations of the Sun (corrected for atmospheric scattering and ozone absorption --- but not for molecular oxygen or water absorption). The ordinate is the ratio of power/nm from the Sun (known) and from the lamp (assuming a black-body spectrum), both divided by their respective number of spectrometer counts per unit time in each spectral channel. The best fit between the two curves is for an assumed lamp color temperature (CT) of 3080K. Any emission spectrum observed with the spectrometer is multiplied by the appropriate lamp curve (for the particular fibre that I am using) after subtracting the dark counts. This gives a result which represents the relative flux/nm. I redo this calibration every year or so. The upward deviations in the blue (Solar) ratio represent absorption by O_2 and H_2O in the atmosphere. The three different fibres represented here have different levels of OH absorption at ~940nm due to their differing length and type of glass (optimised for either UV or vis-nir) - this region is shown with the pink rectangle.
I know this sounds complicated (it is quite!) but it makes a huge difference to the utility of the spectrometer and allows the production of publishable quality results.
Footnotes
* Note that it will always be necessary to subtract the 'dark' background signal from a measurement made with a spectrometer. This dark signal must be measured with no light entering the spectrometer and with an integration time the same as that used for the sample measurement.
** There are many units for the measurement of the brightness of light as a function of wavelength but we do not really need to go there unless we are interested in the measuement of absolute energy flux in units of, say, Watts/square meter/nm/steradian. Fortunately, we will usually only be interested in the relative energy flux spectrum, i.e., Watts/nm multiplied by some unknown but constant factor. Our aim is to ensure that this relative spectrum has the correct 'shape'. This is much easier to achieve but tricky nonetheless.
Here's another flower from my Grandmother's yard. Texture by Les Brume.
Wondering if some of you can relate to what I'm going through...
I calibrated my monitor using an external calibration device this week and after calibrating correctly, my pics don't look as good. The shadows and dark areas are too light and some of the colors aren't as rich. From what I'm being told, this is normal...after you calibrate, your images can look funny because before the calibration, you are editing on a poorly-calibrated screen. Apparently after calibrating your monitor correctly, you have to go back in and re-edit them to get the look you had before. Some of my favorite images look bad now and I'm finding it hard to try and duplicate exactly what I did before as far as processing goes. Have any of you gone through this? I'm REALLY wishing now I calibrated my monitor before I got into this whole photography thing!!
I guess I'm just going to try my best to get my images close to where they were before...this whole thing just bums me out. I loved the fact that I had my images exactly the way I wanted them.
Anyway, despite my frustration of having to re-edit, I know it's going to be worth it. I'm planning on selling prints in the near future so I have to calibrate to get accurate prints from the lab I recently chose. So, this whole thing is a MUST for me. It'll all be ok...just need to accept that I have to do some re-editing. So if you don't already know about this, please understand that if you don't calibrate your monitor, your images won't be accurate on anyone's screens, not even yours as you're processing them.
Image of a ruler with 10ths of an inch numbered, and hash marks for 100ths of an inch. This shows just over 7 of the hundreths marks.
National Microscope Model 163, with 4x objective and Canon T2i camera mounted on a 2.5x camera adapter.
The 4x objective without the camera has a claimed 4.5 mm field of view. The eyepiece shows .18" across = 4.5mm.
The camera image shows about .075", or about 1.9mm, which shows the 2.5x magnification of the photo adapter.
Without the adapter it is a 4.5mm field of view, 40x magnification. So I think the camera adapter makes that 100x magnifiation?
But the key is pixels per mm...
I got myself a Gretag Color Checker and ran the Adobe DNG Profile Editor Dual Luminance table creation to determine a custom camera profile for my canon 30D.
Image shows the custom profile in the top left half of each colour compared to the Adobe Standard camera profile in the bottom right of each segment.
You can see that every colour was "off" - greys were almost ok.
Images processed with the new profile are "better" to my eye - especially skin tones.
I would recommend the process to anyone.
The #3DBenchy 3D printing calibration boat, 3D printed in two colours on a dual-printhead 3D printer.
Read more at: www.3dbenchy.com/3dbenchy-for-d…or-3d-printing/
Download the STL files from 3DBenchy.com/download
Farmers learn how to calibrate sprayers during a training course on wheat cropping hosted by CIMMYT at its Toluca experiment station during 01-05 March 2010. The course was part of an agreement between CIMMYT and the Mexican Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Rural Development, Fisheries, and Food (SAGARPA) to collaborate in science and technology transfer. Thirty-three farmer leaders with high levels of knowledge and skills participated, from different wheat producing areas in Mexico, with the expectation that they would share what they learned with other farmers in their respective production areas.
Toluca station superintendent Fernando Delgado conducted the course, covering land preparation, planting alternatives, weed control, efficient use of planting machinery, and diverse farming implements. A second course held in August 2010 focused on crop management, identification of common plant diseases, seed health, and grain quality.
Photo credit: X. Fonseca/CIMMYT.
For more information, see CIMMYT's blog story at: blog.cimmyt.org/index.php/2010/03/wheat-cropping-course/.
The #3DBenchy 3D printing calibration boat, 3D printed in two colours on a dual-printhead 3D printer.
Read more at: www.3dbenchy.com/3dbenchy-for-d…or-3d-printing/
Download the STL files from 3DBenchy.com/download
The #3DBenchy 3D printing calibration boat, 3D printed in two colours on a dual-printhead 3D printer.
Read more at: www.3dbenchy.com/3dbenchy-for-d…or-3d-printing/
Download the STL files from 3DBenchy.com/download
So happy to get my camera back from the shop (I was going through withdrawals) before my big upcoming trip to Iceland. Was just in for a tune-up (cleaning and lens calibration.) All good. The 7D and 100-400 (MK.I's) aren't the latest kit, but
Canon builds them right!
No Calibration Frame
ISO 400 420s x 15
ISO 400 600s x 3
ES 127mm ED CF
Moonlite Focuser
Canon EOS 60Da
G11
Autoguider ZWO ASI120MM
Guide Scope Orion ST80mm
helping out elliot with the calibration workshop at art&&code. i've got a big piece of cardboard in the other hand.
Farmers learn how to calibrate sprayers during a training course on wheat cropping hosted by CIMMYT at its Toluca experiment station during 01-05 March 2010. The course was part of an agreement between CIMMYT and the Mexican Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Rural Development, Fisheries, and Food (SAGARPA) to collaborate in science and technology transfer. Thirty-three farmer leaders with high levels of knowledge and skills participated, from different wheat producing areas in Mexico, with the expectation that they would share what they learned with other farmers in their respective production areas.
Toluca station superintendent Fernando Delgado conducted the course, covering land preparation, planting alternatives, weed control, efficient use of planting machinery, and diverse farming implements. A second course held in August 2010 focused on crop management, identification of common plant diseases, seed health, and grain quality.
Photo credit: X. Fonseca/CIMMYT.
For more information, see CIMMYT's blog story at: blog.cimmyt.org/index.php/2010/03/wheat-cropping-course/.
G-VNAV Diamond DA62 Flight Calibration Service Limited (FCSL) Shoreham (Brighton Airport) 23rd March 2022
Berlin-Tegel Airport, Germany (EDDT/TXL),
November 08, 2014,
Flight Calibration Services, D-CFME, Beech 350 Super King Air, cn FL-627
This handle makes it easy to reach deeply into the 3D printer while calibrating and levelling the build platform. It is designed to hold a standard Post-it sticky paper on it's tip.
In most cases the optimal gap between a 3D printer's platform and the extruder's hot-end tip, is 0,1 mm. A common practice is to use a simple sheet of paper and place it on top of the build platform just under the extruder's tip.
The platform is then adjusted to only just let the paper slide freely. The adjustment must be made on all corners and the centre of the build plate until it is perfectly level.
• Download the STL file
• 3D-print it
• Grab a Post-it sticky of your preferred colour
• Stick it on the flat front end of the 3D-printed handle
• Set-up you 3D-printer for levelling the platform
• Place the paper between the the platform and the extruder tip
• Adjust the build plate's screws and move the handle slightly to make the paper slide under the extruder tip
• When you feel a slight friction stop adjusting the screw
• Repeat this process on all corners and centre of the platform until you can feel the same friction on all spots
Make sure that you only use one sheet of Post-it paper and if unsure control-measure it with a calliper to verify 0.1 mm thickness.
After calibrating your Replicator's platform it should remain level for a long time. Until you need to calibrate it next time you can use this Post-it handle for other purposes as follows:
• A very gentle fly-swat (PETA-certified ;)
• A small sign holder you can use to communicate short messages to your office mates
You can download the 3D file for this handle from:
www.thingiverse.com/thing:69656
It was printed on a makerbot.creativetools.se
Calibration meter on the wall
Higashi-Nakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo
Nikon FM
Ai Nikkor 85mm f2
Lomography Earl grey iso 100
Epson GT-X820
UGA’s Glen Harris calibrates his soil testing machine during his Soils and Hydrology Lab at the Bowen Farm in Tifton, Georgia.
By Clint Thompson
9-27-19
This handle makes it easy to reach deeply into the 3D printer while calibrating and levelling the build platform. It is designed to hold a standard Post-it sticky paper on it's tip.
In most cases the optimal gap between a 3D printer's platform and the extruder's hot-end tip, is 0,1 mm. A common practice is to use a simple sheet of paper and place it on top of the build platform just under the extruder's tip.
The platform is then adjusted to only just let the paper slide freely. The adjustment must be made on all corners and the centre of the build plate until it is perfectly level.
• Download the STL file
• 3D-print it
• Grab a Post-it sticky of your preferred colour
• Stick it on the flat front end of the 3D-printed handle
• Set-up you 3D-printer for levelling the platform
• Place the paper between the the platform and the extruder tip
• Adjust the build plate's screws and move the handle slightly to make the paper slide under the extruder tip
• When you feel a slight friction stop adjusting the screw
• Repeat this process on all corners and centre of the platform until you can feel the same friction on all spots
Make sure that you only use one sheet of Post-it paper and if unsure control-measure it with a calliper to verify 0.1 mm thickness.
After calibrating your Replicator's platform it should remain level for a long time. Until you need to calibrate it next time you can use this Post-it handle for other purposes as follows:
• A very gentle fly-swat (PETA-certified ;)
• A small sign holder you can use to communicate short messages to your office mates
You can download the 3D file for this handle from:
www.thingiverse.com/thing:69656
It was printed on a makerbot.creativetools.se
This handle makes it easy to reach deeply into the 3D printer while calibrating and levelling the build platform. It is designed to hold a standard Post-it sticky paper on it's tip.
In most cases the optimal gap between a 3D printer's platform and the extruder's hot-end tip, is 0,1 mm. A common practice is to use a simple sheet of paper and place it on top of the build platform just under the extruder's tip.
The platform is then adjusted to only just let the paper slide freely. The adjustment must be made on all corners and the centre of the build plate until it is perfectly level.
• Download the STL file
• 3D-print it
• Grab a Post-it sticky of your preferred colour
• Stick it on the flat front end of the 3D-printed handle
• Set-up you 3D-printer for levelling the platform
• Place the paper between the the platform and the extruder tip
• Adjust the build plate's screws and move the handle slightly to make the paper slide under the extruder tip
• When you feel a slight friction stop adjusting the screw
• Repeat this process on all corners and centre of the platform until you can feel the same friction on all spots
Make sure that you only use one sheet of Post-it paper and if unsure control-measure it with a calliper to verify 0.1 mm thickness.
After calibrating your Replicator's platform it should remain level for a long time. Until you need to calibrate it next time you can use this Post-it handle for other purposes as follows:
• A very gentle fly-swat (PETA-certified ;)
• A small sign holder you can use to communicate short messages to your office mates
You can download the 3D file for this handle from:
www.thingiverse.com/thing:69656
It was printed on a makerbot.creativetools.se
This handle makes it easy to reach deeply into the 3D printer while calibrating and levelling the build platform. It is designed to hold a standard Post-it sticky paper on it's tip.
In most cases the optimal gap between a 3D printer's platform and the extruder's hot-end tip, is 0,1 mm. A common practice is to use a simple sheet of paper and place it on top of the build platform just under the extruder's tip.
The platform is then adjusted to only just let the paper slide freely. The adjustment must be made on all corners and the centre of the build plate until it is perfectly level.
• Download the STL file
• 3D-print it
• Grab a Post-it sticky of your preferred colour
• Stick it on the flat front end of the 3D-printed handle
• Set-up you 3D-printer for levelling the platform
• Place the paper between the the platform and the extruder tip
• Adjust the build plate's screws and move the handle slightly to make the paper slide under the extruder tip
• When you feel a slight friction stop adjusting the screw
• Repeat this process on all corners and centre of the platform until you can feel the same friction on all spots
Make sure that you only use one sheet of Post-it paper and if unsure control-measure it with a calliper to verify 0.1 mm thickness.
After calibrating your Replicator's platform it should remain level for a long time. Until you need to calibrate it next time you can use this Post-it handle for other purposes as follows:
• A very gentle fly-swat (PETA-certified ;)
• A small sign holder you can use to communicate short messages to your office mates
You can download the 3D file for this handle from:
www.thingiverse.com/thing:69656
It was printed on a makerbot.creativetools.se
Calibrating the frame spacing on my Kiev 6C medium format SLR...
I did this before I took any pictures with this camera. I also had to take the lens apart, because the aperture blades had got jammed... it's all working now :)
How do you get the metal tungsten ball under the ship? Very carefully. Placing the ball underneath the ship (and underneath the split beam sonar) involves the coordinated effort of a large number of people maneuvering several lines tied to the ball. Here, Chief Bosun Greg Walker coordinates his movement via radio with a crewmember on the starboard side of the ship. Able Seaman Eloy Borges, behind Walker, guides a rope under the ship that is tied to a monofilament string attached to the tungsten ball. Phew! This team effort was well underway even before the sun came up.
Learn more: oceanservice.noaa.gov/caribbean-mapping/
This handle makes it easy to reach deeply into the 3D printer while calibrating and levelling the build platform. It is designed to hold a standard Post-it sticky paper on it's tip.
In most cases the optimal gap between a 3D printer's platform and the extruder's hot-end tip, is 0,1 mm. A common practice is to use a simple sheet of paper and place it on top of the build platform just under the extruder's tip.
The platform is then adjusted to only just let the paper slide freely. The adjustment must be made on all corners and the centre of the build plate until it is perfectly level.
• Download the STL file
• 3D-print it
• Grab a Post-it sticky of your preferred colour
• Stick it on the flat front end of the 3D-printed handle
• Set-up you 3D-printer for levelling the platform
• Place the paper between the the platform and the extruder tip
• Adjust the build plate's screws and move the handle slightly to make the paper slide under the extruder tip
• When you feel a slight friction stop adjusting the screw
• Repeat this process on all corners and centre of the platform until you can feel the same friction on all spots
Make sure that you only use one sheet of Post-it paper and if unsure control-measure it with a calliper to verify 0.1 mm thickness.
After calibrating your Replicator's platform it should remain level for a long time. Until you need to calibrate it next time you can use this Post-it handle for other purposes as follows:
• A very gentle fly-swat (PETA-certified ;)
• A small sign holder you can use to communicate short messages to your office mates
You can download the 3D file for this handle from:
www.thingiverse.com/thing:69656
It was printed on a makerbot.creativetools.se
This handle makes it easy to reach deeply into the 3D printer while calibrating and levelling the build platform. It is designed to hold a standard Post-it sticky paper on it's tip.
In most cases the optimal gap between a 3D printer's platform and the extruder's hot-end tip, is 0,1 mm. A common practice is to use a simple sheet of paper and place it on top of the build platform just under the extruder's tip.
The platform is then adjusted to only just let the paper slide freely. The adjustment must be made on all corners and the centre of the build plate until it is perfectly level.
• Download the STL file
• 3D-print it
• Grab a Post-it sticky of your preferred colour
• Stick it on the flat front end of the 3D-printed handle
• Set-up you 3D-printer for levelling the platform
• Place the paper between the the platform and the extruder tip
• Adjust the build plate's screws and move the handle slightly to make the paper slide under the extruder tip
• When you feel a slight friction stop adjusting the screw
• Repeat this process on all corners and centre of the platform until you can feel the same friction on all spots
Make sure that you only use one sheet of Post-it paper and if unsure control-measure it with a calliper to verify 0.1 mm thickness.
After calibrating your Replicator's platform it should remain level for a long time. Until you need to calibrate it next time you can use this Post-it handle for other purposes as follows:
• A very gentle fly-swat (PETA-certified ;)
• A small sign holder you can use to communicate short messages to your office mates
You can download the 3D file for this handle from:
www.thingiverse.com/thing:69656
It was printed on a makerbot.creativetools.se
This handle makes it easy to reach deeply into the 3D printer while calibrating and levelling the build platform. It is designed to hold a standard Post-it sticky paper on it's tip.
In most cases the optimal gap between a 3D printer's platform and the extruder's hot-end tip, is 0,1 mm. A common practice is to use a simple sheet of paper and place it on top of the build platform just under the extruder's tip.
The platform is then adjusted to only just let the paper slide freely. The adjustment must be made on all corners and the centre of the build plate until it is perfectly level.
• Download the STL file
• 3D-print it
• Grab a Post-it sticky of your preferred colour
• Stick it on the flat front end of the 3D-printed handle
• Set-up you 3D-printer for levelling the platform
• Place the paper between the the platform and the extruder tip
• Adjust the build plate's screws and move the handle slightly to make the paper slide under the extruder tip
• When you feel a slight friction stop adjusting the screw
• Repeat this process on all corners and centre of the platform until you can feel the same friction on all spots
Make sure that you only use one sheet of Post-it paper and if unsure control-measure it with a calliper to verify 0.1 mm thickness.
After calibrating your Replicator's platform it should remain level for a long time. Until you need to calibrate it next time you can use this Post-it handle for other purposes as follows:
• A very gentle fly-swat (PETA-certified ;)
• A small sign holder you can use to communicate short messages to your office mates
You can download the 3D file for this handle from:
www.thingiverse.com/thing:69656
It was printed on a makerbot.creativetools.se
the Flat Cube is my last self made astronomy device done for performing the best possible flat field calibration image. Inspired by L. Comolli project I have done my self modification in a more reduced structure more solid (made of wood) more reflective (inside there's a particular reflective surface) powered by 12v dc it has two serial dimmer (one in the back side of the "cube" one in the cable) with this combination is possible to set every kind of light intensity needed for any kind of canera ccd and filter (the light Kelvin is about 4000k real white perfect also for color DSRL or CCD) two parallel opal white plexyglass homogenize the internal light.done!
Using two additional thermometers to calibrate the PID controller's probe.
(In the photo, all the thermometers were reading different temperatures because the water was changing temperature rapidly)
On the left is my Fluke 179 meter with thermocouple, on the right is a cheap probe thermometer I use frequently when cooking :)
This handle makes it easy to reach deeply into the 3D printer while calibrating and levelling the build platform. It is designed to hold a standard Post-it sticky paper on it's tip.
In most cases the optimal gap between a 3D printer's platform and the extruder's hot-end tip, is 0,1 mm. A common practice is to use a simple sheet of paper and place it on top of the build platform just under the extruder's tip.
The platform is then adjusted to only just let the paper slide freely. The adjustment must be made on all corners and the centre of the build plate until it is perfectly level.
• Download the STL file
• 3D-print it
• Grab a Post-it sticky of your preferred colour
• Stick it on the flat front end of the 3D-printed handle
• Set-up you 3D-printer for levelling the platform
• Place the paper between the the platform and the extruder tip
• Adjust the build plate's screws and move the handle slightly to make the paper slide under the extruder tip
• When you feel a slight friction stop adjusting the screw
• Repeat this process on all corners and centre of the platform until you can feel the same friction on all spots
Make sure that you only use one sheet of Post-it paper and if unsure control-measure it with a calliper to verify 0.1 mm thickness.
After calibrating your Replicator's platform it should remain level for a long time. Until you need to calibrate it next time you can use this Post-it handle for other purposes as follows:
• A very gentle fly-swat (PETA-certified ;)
• A small sign holder you can use to communicate short messages to your office mates
You can download the 3D file for this handle from:
www.thingiverse.com/thing:69656
It was printed on a makerbot.creativetools.se
Flight Calibration Services' Diamond DA-62 'Twin Star' G-GBAS on the apron at Shoreham
An upgraded and longer-range version of their DA42 Twin Star, along with another DA-62, she recently joined FCSL's fleet of a
DA-42 and three PA-31 Piper Chieftains
DSCN7742
Aerial survey Calibration and Conformity training. Back left: Jeff Moore (WDNR), Jeff Jenkins (USFS), Rayburn Mitchell (USFS), Mike McWilliams (ODF), Keith Sprengel (USFS) and Dave Overhulser (ODF). Middle left: Ellen Michaels Goheen (USFS), Yolanda Barnett (USFS), and Beth Willhite (USFS). Front: Carrie Burns (WDNR) and Roy Magelssen (USFS).
Photo by: Unknown
Date: 2000
Credit: USDA Forest Service, Region 6, State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection.
Source: Aerial Survey Program collection.
For geospatial data collected during annual aerial forest insect and disease detection surveys see: www.fs.usda.gov/detail/r6/forest-grasslandhealth/insects-...
For related historic program documentation see:
archive.org/details/AerialForestInsectAndDiseaseDetection...
Johnson, J. 2016. Aerial forest insect and disease detection surveys in Oregon and Washington 1947-2016: The survey. Gen. Tech. Rep. R6-FHP-GTR-0302. Portland, OR: USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region, State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection. 280 p.
For additional historic forest entomology photos, stories, and resources see the Western Forest Insect Work Conference site: wfiwc.org/content/history-and-resources
Image provided by USDA Forest Service, Region 6, State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection: www.fs.usda.gov/main/r6/forest-grasslandhealth
Edited MODIS Terra calibration image of the Moon.
Image source: earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=90764
Original caption: NASA’s Terra satellite was built to observe Earth, and for more than 17 years its imagers have looked downward for 24 hours a day, collecting images needed to study the planet’s surface, oceans, and atmosphere. However, the satellite recently trained its eyes on a different celestial body.
On August 5, 2017, Terra made a partial somersault, rotating its field of view away from Earth to briefly look at the Moon and deep space. This “lunar maneuver” was choreographed to allow the mission team to recalibrate Terra’s imagers—the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER), and the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR). The Terra operations team last made such a maneuver in 2003.
The orbital gymnastics are necessary for radiometric calibration; that is, making sure MODIS, MISR, and ASTER are properly recording the amount of light emitted and reflected by surfaces on Earth. In the harsh environment of space, satellite instruments are bombarded by high-energy particles, cosmic rays, and strong ultraviolet light, and this inevitably leads to degradation in the sensors over time. If changes in sensitivity are not properly accounted for, the images would start to make it appear as if Earth were growing darker or lighter—which would throw off scientific efforts to characterize air pollution, cloud cover, and other elements of the environment.
The lunar surface provides a good eye test for the imagers. “The Moon is like a standard candle or lamp: the amount of energy from it is well known,” said Kurt Thome, project scientist for Terra. “If you look at it periodically, it allows you to see if your instruments are changing over time.”
Since the Moon’s surface brightness has been stable over the 17-year life of the mission—and, in fact, for thousands of years—the images of the lunar surface can be used as a standard for calibration. Terra can also observe the Moon without any atmospheric effects (such as turbulence, scattering, and absorption), which can add significant uncertainty in measured values.
The image at the top of the page was acquired by ASTER, while MODIS acquired the second image. MODIS has actually been looking at the Moon monthly for nearly its entire mission, but MISR and ASTER do not have this capability or proper angles for such a view. “MODIS can peek out of the corner and get a view of the Moon,” Thome said. “For MODIS, it has been a great way to understand the instrument over its lifetime and notice any changes.”
The nine images below come from MISR’s nine imagers. The MISR operations team uses several methods to calibrate the data regularly, all of which involve imaging something with a known (or independently measured) brightness and correcting the images to match that brightness. Every month, MISR views two panels of a special material called Spectralon, which reflects sunlight in a very particular way. ASTER, meanwhile, views a set of lamps that light up its reflective bands. Periodically, this calibration is checked by a team on the ground that measures the brightness of a flat, uniformly colored surface on Earth (such as a dry desert lakebed) while MISR and ASTER fly overhead. The lunar maneuver offers a third opportunity to check the brightness calibration of MISR.
When viewing Earth, MISR’s cameras are fixed at nine different angles, with one (called An) pointed straight down, four pointed forwards (Af, Bf, Cf, and Df) and four angled backwards (Aa, Ba, Ca, and Da). The A, B, C, and D cameras have different focal lengths, with the most oblique (D) cameras having the longest focal lengths in order to preserve spatial resolution on the ground. During the lunar maneuver, however, the spacecraft rotated so that each camera saw the almost-full Moon straight on. This means that the different focal lengths produce images with different resolutions (D cameras produce the sharpest). These grayscale images were made with raw data from the red spectral band of each camera.
After 17 years of collecting valuable data and dwindling fuel supplies, Terra is nearing the end of the mission, but not before it double-checks its data one last time. The lunar calibration is important not only for the accuracy of Terra’s instruments, but also providing data that are used to calibrate other satellites (including weather).
NASA images by Michael Abrams (NASA/JPL), Abbey Nastan (NASA/JPL), and Jesse Allen, using data from the ASTER, MISR, and MODIS instruments on the Terra satellite. Story by Tassia Owen, Abbey Nastan, and Michael Carlowicz.
Instrument(s):
Terra - ASTER
Terra - MODIS
Terra - MISR
"Saturn I booster static test stand, East Area, Test Division."
Note the Saturn I booster in the Static Test Tower/Facility Number 4572/T-Stand/Propulsion and Structural Test Facility (it had many names), foreground, lower right.
Circa 1963, possibly earlier? I'm sure the construction of the building in the center of the test stands is a clue as to the year. No idea what it is though...yet.
Roughly clockwise from the T-Stand, the other test stands visible are:
The J-2 Test Stand, the F-1 Engine Test Stand, the Saturn I Dynamic Test Stand (with the large cleared/red clay area immediately behind it - home of the future Saturn V Dynamic Test Stand) and the Cold Calibration Test Stand.
The development laboratories, assembly & checkout buildings...to include the famous 4700 ‘block’
(seen here during the 1950's):
huntsvillehistorycollection.org/hh/images/6/6e/1950s_4700...
(and in 1963):
huntsvillehistorycollection.org/hh/images/9/9b/Msfc-ra-02...
can be seen toward the horizon to the left.
Compare/contrast to a similar view from 1992:
huntsvillehistorycollection.org/hh/hhpics/msfc/msfc-maps/...
Huntsville History Collection website
This handle makes it easy to reach deeply into the 3D printer while calibrating and levelling the build platform. It is designed to hold a standard Post-it sticky paper on it's tip.
In most cases the optimal gap between a 3D printer's platform and the extruder's hot-end tip, is 0,1 mm. A common practice is to use a simple sheet of paper and place it on top of the build platform just under the extruder's tip.
The platform is then adjusted to only just let the paper slide freely. The adjustment must be made on all corners and the centre of the build plate until it is perfectly level.
• Download the STL file
• 3D-print it
• Grab a Post-it sticky of your preferred colour
• Stick it on the flat front end of the 3D-printed handle
• Set-up you 3D-printer for levelling the platform
• Place the paper between the the platform and the extruder tip
• Adjust the build plate's screws and move the handle slightly to make the paper slide under the extruder tip
• When you feel a slight friction stop adjusting the screw
• Repeat this process on all corners and centre of the platform until you can feel the same friction on all spots
Make sure that you only use one sheet of Post-it paper and if unsure control-measure it with a calliper to verify 0.1 mm thickness.
After calibrating your Replicator's platform it should remain level for a long time. Until you need to calibrate it next time you can use this Post-it handle for other purposes as follows:
• A very gentle fly-swat (PETA-certified ;)
• A small sign holder you can use to communicate short messages to your office mates
You can download the 3D file for this handle from:
www.thingiverse.com/thing:69656
It was printed on a makerbot.creativetools.se
Humidity and temperature calibration mean the instruments which are used to measure temperature should measure the climatic conditions accurately. Temperature is measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit with the help of thermometer and humidity is the amount of water present in air measure with the help of humidity detector or humidity gauge. ivscanada.ca/pages/humidity-temperature
A repro (with color film chain calibration approximation to match) of the first color test pattern (a custom-made design) of NBC-owned WNBC-TV (Channel 4) in New York as inaugurated in 1975. In this form, it initially lasted only a few months on the air prior to sign-on, up to the introduction of the 'N' logo in 1976; however, from the mid-1980's to the early 1990's the station used this particular version of this TP before signing on. If this pattern were misaligned, the 1947 copyright from NBC could be seen below the pattern. As seen on a now-defunct TV DX website and a YouTube clip.
Title: Technician at work, UV-634 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer mono calibration, Varian Techtron, 679 Springvale Road, Mulgrave
Author / Creator: Sievers, Wolfgang, 1913-2007 photographer.
Date: 1974.
Varian Techtron was the result of a merger between the Australian company Techtron and the American firm Varian Associates in 1967. The Springvale Road site (then in Springvale North, but now in Mulgrave) was established by Techtron and is still in use, but now as Agilent Technologies (which acquired Varian in 2009). Techtron Appliances was established in 1938 and it and its successor companies have produced a variety of electronic and analytic equipment for industry and scientific research, notably including Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometers (AAS) to CSIRO specifications.
See locale on Google Maps.
Subjects:
Varian Techtron Employees.
Atomic absorption spectroscopy Calibration.
Atomic absorption spectroscopy Instruments.
Industrial technicians.
Portrait photographs.
Gelatin silver prints.
Index terms:
Australia; Victoria; Wolfgang Sievers; Mulgrave; technicians; atomic absorption spectroscopy; Varian Techtron
Notes:
Job number inscribed in pencil on reverse of image: 4314 AE
Vintage print with the photographer's studio stamp on reverse.
Title taken from information supplied by Varian Australia, courtesy of the photographer.
Printed by Wolfgang Sievers at an unknown date from his negative made in 1974.
Copyright status: This work is in copyright
Conditions of use: Copyright restrictions apply.
For Copyright queries, please contact the National Library of Australia.
Source: SLV
Identifier(s): Accession no: H2000.195/244
Source / Donor: Purchased 2000.
Series / Collection: Wolfgang Sievers collection.
Link to online item:
handle.slv.vic.gov.au/10381/308721
Link to this record:
search.slv.vic.gov.au/permalink/f/1fe7t3h/SLV_ROSETTAIE18...
search.slv.vic.gov.au/permalink/f/1fe7t3h/SLV_VOYAGER1757464
This is after repairing the following:
-Soaking seized focusing ring in lighter fluid for a week to unscrew it. Then applied new synthetic, high-viscosity grease.
-Dismantling and cleaning the shutter mechanism and blades.
-Cleaning aperture blades.
-Cleaning inside viewfinder and light meter glass.
-Replaced a stripped gear that resets the double-exposure guard on the shutter release.
-Replaced one of the springs that flip the front forward.
Tested the light meter accuracy and shutter speeds. Both still work exceptionally well for 60+ years old.
Cut a plastic bag into a strip and rolled it to use as an easy focus test. Calibrated to infinity.
UPDATE: Tested camera. Seems to be working ok. Test photos below: