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Dartmouth Castle is an artillery fort, built to protect Dartmouth harbour in Devon, England. The earliest parts of the castle date from the 1380s, when, in response to the threat of a French attack, the civic authorities created a small enclosure castle overlooking the mouth of the Dart estuary. This was intended to engage enemy ships with catapults and possibly early cannon, and incorporated the local chapel of Saint Petroc within its walls. At the end of the 15th century, the castle was expanded with an artillery tower and an iron chain which could be stretched across the harbour to a tower at Godmerock; this addition formed the oldest known purpose-built coast artillery fort in Britain. Further gun batteries were added during the French invasion scare of the 1540s.
The castle saw service during the English Civil War of 1642 to 1646, during which its vulnerability to attack from the land became apparent, resulting in the Gallants Bower defensive work above it being used to provide additional protection. In 1748, a new gun position called the Grand Battery was added to the castle, equipped with twelve guns. After years of neglect in the early 19th century, the castle was upgraded in 1859 with modern artillery, but defending the port of Dartmouth was no longer a military priority. By the early years of the 20th century the castle was considered redundant by the authorities, who opened it to visitors. It was brought back into use during the First and Second World Wars, but in 1955 it was finally retired from service. In the 21st century, it is managed by English Heritage and the castle received 37,940 visitors in 2007.
Mejor pincha aquí para ver en grande sobre negro o pulsa 'L'.
Better click here to view this large on black or press 'L'.
© Derechos de Autor. Esta fotografía no podra usarse sin mi consentimiento escrito.
© All rights reserved, don´t use this image without my permission.
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Canon 450D +ZEISS Distagon T* 2,8/21, @21mm, 1/320 sec, f/7.1, ISO 100
No Tripod, Manual exposure, Date 04/06/2011 14:55:26
Explore: 25 December 2011 in # 7
Como se hizo: Imagen panorámica procedente de dos RAW formato horizontal, y unidos verticalmente. No HDR.
Quiero aprovechar para presentar mi primer libro de fotografía, el cual tiene esta fotografía como portada, si queréis verlo o incluso adquirirlo solo debéis seguir el siguiente link.
Felices fiestas a tod@s
Pedraza es una localidad y municipio de la provincia de Segovia (España), situado a 37 km al nordeste de Segovia capital y con una población residente de 473 personas. Se trata de una villa medieval amurallada, cuya cuidada rehabilitación motivó su declaración como Conjunto Monumental en 1951.
El castillo de Pedraza es una fortaleza construida en el siglo XIII que se reedificó en el siglo XV por García Herrera. A principios del siglo XVI los Duques de Frías, Condestables de Castilla, reformaron el castillo de nuevo, añadiéndole el gran muro defensivo adherido a la torre del homenaje y el muro exterior dotado de cañoneras y un puente levadizo (hoy desaparecido). El castillo cuenta con una imponente torre del homenaje, foso, y está rodeado en la mayoría de su perímetro por un acantilado. Se ha alegado que en esta fortaleza estuvieron prisioneros los hijos de Francisco I de Francia entre 1525 y 1529 aunque también se mantiene la tesis de que se mantuvieron cautivos en el vecino castillo de Castilnovo (también perteneciente a los Duques de Frías).
En 1926, el pintor Ignacio Zuloaga adquirió el castillo y lo restauró severamente, instalando allí un taller. Los herederos del pintor adaptaron una de las torres para la exposición al público de una parte de la obra del artista.
English:
Making off: Edited from a two horizontal RAWs file and merged with photomerge of CS. No HDR
I want present my first book of photography, in this book you can see the selection of my best Spanish landscapes, you can see or buy in the next link.
Merry christmas and happy new year to @ll
"Audley End" was one of the greatest houses of early 17th-century England.
In about 1605–14 Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk, took an earlier house created by his grandfather Lord Audley on the site of Walden Abbey, and rebuilt it on the scale of a royal palace.
Robert Adam transformed this house for Sir John Griffin Griffin in the 1760s, while Lancelot ‘Capability’ Brown remodelled the grounds, to create one of England's finest landscape gardens.
Audley End était l'une des plus grandes maisons de l'Angleterre du début du XVIIe siècle.
Vers 1605-14, Thomas Howard, 1er comte de Suffolk, a pris une construction antérieure créée par son grand-père Lord Audley sur le site de l'abbaye de Walden et l'a reconstruit à l'échelle d'un palais royal. Robert Adam a transformé cette maison pour Sir John Griffin Griffin dans les années 1760, tandis que Lancelot 'Capability' Brown a remodelé les terrains, pour créer l'un des plus beaux jardins paysagers d'Angleterre.
Craigievar Castle is one of Aberdeenshire’s fine Scottish baronial style castles with multiple turrets with high pointed roofs. When we saw it, the seven story walls were harled with a striking pinkish color. We happened to be there when there were no other visitors, so we got a private tour of the grand interior and heard the stories of the Forbes family ghosts. My wife and I joined forces on this photo.
تخيلوا معاي كم قدم رجل عظيم خطت في هذا المكان .. !!! بتشعرون بهيبة حتى ولو من خلال الصوره
So many great men were passed from here ,, and that's what make this pic more valuable
Dieses wunderschöne Schloss, wurde bereits im frühen 13. Jahrhundert gegründet und war bis zur französischen Revolution einer der wichtigstens Residenzen der Bischöfe.
Die Architektur dieses Ortes, wurde im Laufe der Jahrhunderte mehrmals verändert. Um 1840 wurde das Schloss im neugotischen Stil modernisiert.
Um dem weiteren Verfall entgegenzuwirken, wurde es nun an eine Stiftung übergeben...
History of Johnstown Castle
The estate itself dates back to the 11th century, when the Esmondes; a family from Lincolnshire, England, settled in the area. The family arrived in County Wexford after the Norman invasion of Ireland in 1169.
In 1169, a force of Norman knights landed in Bannow, County Wexford, at the request of Diarmait Mac Murchada, who had been ousted from his seat as the King of Leinster in 1166. Mac Murchada hoped that by pledging his allegiance to King Henry II, he could return to Ireland and reclaim his kingdom, which had been taken from him by his arch enemy, the High King of Ireland, Ruaidri Ua Conchobair.
During their reign over the estate, the Esmonde family constructed two tower houses in Johnstown and Rathlannon. These towers were stone structures that had three or four floors; with the family living on the top floor and servants living on the bottom floor. These sturdy stone towers provided protection against would-be attackers and land raiders. Pictured below is one of the towers that can be seen inside the grounds of Johnstown Castle.
During the mid-1600s, Oliver Cromwell invaded Ireland. During his conquest of the country, he sacked towns such as Wexford and Drogheda and confiscated large amounts of land. Cromwell is an extremely notorious figure in Irish history because of the abhorrent actions of his troops. For example: After the siege of Wexford Town, Cromwell’s army broke loose and ran amok inside the town walls, massacring up to 1500 civilians.
According to the book A topographical dictionary of Ireland, by Samuel Lewis, Oliver Cromwell spent a night on the estate in 1649, prior to his attack on Wexford Town. In his book, Lewis describes how Cromwell used the expansive land around Johnstown Castle to prepare and review his troops.
It was during the Cromwellian years that the Catholic Esmonde family were expelled from County Wexford.
In 1682, the estate was acquired by the Grogan family. In 1798, the owner of the estate, Cornelius Grogan was hanged and beheaded on Wexford Bridge for his part in the 1798 rebellion. Cornelius, who was the eldest son of the family, had become a commissary-general for the United Irishmen, a group of insurgents that had successfully taken over Wexford and established a republican regime. During his trial, Cornelius claimed that his position in the United Irishmen had been overstated and that he had been forced to take a nominal lead in the organisation. After his execution, his estate in Johnstown was seized by the crown.
Twelve years later, in 1810, Cornelius’ youngest brother, John Knox, managed to regain control of Johnstown Castle after he paid the crown court a heavy fine. It was John and his son, Hamilton Knox Grogan, that built the castle, the lake and the expansive gardens that people can visit today, with Kilkenny architect Daniel Robertson designing the castle and parts of the surrounding land. Pictured above is the castle lake, which is roughly five acres in size.
During World War One (1914-1918), German U-boats (underground boats) were active off the coast of County Wexford. In response, the British Royal Naval Air Service stationed a number of Zeppelin air ships at Johnstown Castle. Unfortunately, these air ships were an ineffective tool against Germany’s military submarines, which continued to snoop around the south coast of Ireland until American seaplanes cleared the shipping lanes in February of 1918.
In 1945, Maurice Victor Lakin, who was a descendent of John Grogan, presented the estate as a gift to the Irish nation. A few years later, the Department of Agriculture took charge of Johnstown Castle and its gardens, before setting up an agricultural institute inside its grounds.
Today, the site boasts an agricultural museum, which can be visited, provided you pay an extra charge. If you’re not particularly interested in visiting an agricultural museum, you can choose to take a walk around the castle’s large gardens, which contain beautiful flowers, trees, lakes, statues and historical structures.
Feldoran Castle has been guarding the river Tjorsak for centuries. Standing next to a heavily used trade route it is a smugglers nightmare.
Hey everyone!
I've finally finished my first entry for the CCCXI! It took me 3 months and almost my entire collection to build this.
I wish I had more time to build, I really wanted to compete for the MB title, but I just can't find the time to build that much.
Now it's time to start sorting and hopefully get one more entry ready in time.
Thanks for looking!
Blarney Castle is a medieval stronghold in Blarney, near Cork, Ireland. It is near the River Martin. The castle originally dates from before AD 1200. It was destroyed in 1446, but subsequently rebuilt by Cormac MacCarthy, the King of Munster. It is currently a partial ruin with some accessible rooms and the battlements. There are many legends as to the origin of the stone, but some say that it was the Lia Fáil—a magical stone upon which Irish kings were crowned.The Blarney Stone is a block of bluestone built into the battlements of Blarney Castle, Blarney about 8 km from Cork, Ireland. According to legend, kissing the stone endows the kisser with the gift of gab (great eloquence or skill at flattery). The stone was set into a tower of the castle in 1446. The castle is a popular tourist site in Ireland, attracting visitors from all over the world to kiss the Stone and tour the castle and its gardens.
Rochester Castle stands on the east bank of the River Medway in Rochester, Kent, South East England. The 12th-century keep or stone tower, which is the castle's most prominent feature, is one of the best preserved in England or France.
Situated on the River Medway and Watling Street, Rochester served as a strategically important royal castle. During the late medieval period it helped protect England's south-east coast from invasion. The first castle at Rochester was founded in the aftermath of the Norman Conquest. It was given to Bishop Odo, probably by his half-brother William the Conqueror. During the Rebellion of 1088 over the succession to the English throne, Odo supported Robert Curthose, the Conqueror's eldest son, against William Rufus. It was during this conflict that the castle first saw military action; the city and castle were besieged after Odo made Rochester a headquarters for the rebellion. After the garrison capitulated, this first castle was abandoned.
Between 1087 and 1089, Rufus asked Gundulf, Bishop of Rochester, to build a new stone castle at Rochester. He established the current extent of the castle. Though much altered through the centuries, some parts of Gundulf's work survive. In 1127 King Henry I granted the castle to the Archbishop of Canterbury in perpetuity. William de Corbeil built the massive keep that still dominates the castle today. Throughout the 12th century the castle remained in the custody of the archbishops.
During the First Barons' War (1215–1217) in King John's reign, baronial forces captured the castle from Archbishop Stephen Langton and held it against the king, who then besieged it. The Barnwell chronicler remarked "Our age has not known a siege so hard pressed nor so strongly resisted". After resisting for just over seven weeks, the garrison surrendered. Although the castle had been greatly damaged, with breaches in the outer walls and one corner of the keep collapsed, it was hunger that eventually forced the defenders' hand. The castle did not stay under John's control for long: in 1216 it was captured by the French Prince Louis, who was the new leader of the baronial faction. John died and was succeeded by his son King Henry III in 1216; the next year, the war ended and the castle was taken under direct royal control.
Rochester was besieged for the third time in 1264 during the Second Barons' War (1264–1267). The castle's royal constable, Roger de Leybourne, held Rochester in support of Henry III. Rebel armies led by Simon de Montfort and Gilbert de Clare entered the city and set about trying to capture the castle. Again the castle's defenders resisted, though this time with a different outcome. After a week, the rebel armies raised the siege in the face of relief from Henry himself. Although the garrison did not surrender, the castle suffered extensive damage that was not repaired until the following century. The castle saw military action for the last time in 1381 when it was captured and ransacked during the Peasants' Revolt. As Rochester Castle fell out of use its materials were reused elsewhere and custodianship relinquished by the Crown. The castle and its grounds were opened to the public in the 1870s as a park. At various points during the 19th and 20th centuries repairs were carried out. The castle is protected as a Grade I listed building and Scheduled Monument. Today the ruins are in the guardianship of English Heritage and open to the public.
Built on a dolerite outcrop, the location was previously home to a fort of the native Britons known as Din Guarie and may have been the capital of the British kingdom of the region from the realm's foundation in c.420 until 547, the year of the first written reference to the castle. In that year the citadel was captured by the Anglo-Saxon ruler Ida of Bernicia (Beornice) and became Ida's seat. It was briefly retaken by the Britons from his son Hussa during the war of 590 before being relieved later the same year.
His grandson Æðelfriþ passed it on to his wife Bebba, from whom the early name Bebbanburgh was derived. The Vikings destroyed the original fortification in 993.
The Normans built a new castle on the site, which forms the core of the present one. William II unsuccessfully besieged it in 1095 during a revolt supported by its owner, Robert de Mowbray, Earl of Northumbria. After Robert was captured, his wife continued the defence until coerced to surrender by the king's threat to blind her husband.
Windsor Castle is a royal residence at Windsor in the English county of Berkshire. The castle is notable for its long association with the British royal family and for its architecture. The original castle was built in the 11th century after the Norman invasion by William the Conqueror. Since the time of Henry I, it has been used by succeeding monarchs and it is the longest-occupied palace in Europe. The castle's lavish, early 19th-century State Apartments are architecturally significant, described by art historian Hugh Roberts as "a superb and unrivalled sequence of rooms widely regarded as the finest and most complete expression of later Georgian taste". The castle includes the 15th-century St George's Chapel, considered by historian John Robinson to be "one of the supreme achievements of English Perpendicular Gothic" design.
Originally designed to protect Norman dominance around the outskirts of London, and to oversee a strategically important part of the River Thames, Windsor Castle was built as a motte and bailey, with three wards surrounding a central mound. Gradually replaced with stone fortifications, the castle withstood a prolonged siege during the First Barons' War at the start of the 13th century. Henry III built a luxurious royal palace within the castle during the middle of the century, and Edward III went further, rebuilding the palace to produce an even grander set of buildings in what would become "the most expensive secular building project of the entire Middle Ages in England".[3] Edward's core design lasted through the Tudor period, during which Henry VIII and Elizabeth I made increasing use of the castle as a royal court and centre for diplomatic entertainment.
Windsor Castle survived the tumultuous period of the English Civil War, when it was used as a military headquarters for Parliamentary forces and a prison for Charles I. During the Restoration, Charles II rebuilt much of Windsor Castle with the help of architect Hugh May, creating a set of extravagant, Baroque interiors that are still admired. After a period of neglect during the 18th century, George III and George IV renovated and rebuilt Charles II's palace at colossal expense, producing the current design of the State Apartments, full of Rococo, Gothic and Baroque furnishings. Victoria made minor changes to the castle, which became the centre for royal entertainment for much of her reign. Windsor Castle was used as a refuge for the royal family during the bombing campaigns of the Second World War and survived a fire in 1992. It is a popular tourist attraction, a venue for hosting state visits, and Elizabeth II's preferred weekend home.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windsor_Castle
Textures used are my own.
Otočec Castle is a castle hotel on a small island in the middle of the Krka River in Otočec, Slovenia. It is the only water castle in Slovenia. The castle was first mentioned in documents in the 13th century, although the walls are said to date to the more precise date of 1252. It was once owned by Ivan Lenković, the chief commander of the Croatia-Slavonia march. The writer Ivan Tavčar set two of his novels at the castle, Otok and Struga and Janez Sonce. The islet is linked to both banks of the river by bridges and the castle has now been converted into a small hotel. Bradt Travel Guides calls it "one of the most famous hotels in Slovenia."
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Castillo de Vélez Blanco (Almeria)
El origen del castillo se remonta a la época musulmana. La plaza fue reconquistada por los Reyes Católicos en el año 1488. En el año 1506, se iniciaron las obras de construcción del nuevo edificio, sustituyendo la anterior fortaleza musulmana. Al año siguiente se creo el marquesado de los Vélez. Pedro Fajardo Chacón fue el primero que ejerció el título y quien residirá en el castillo.
Castle of Velez Blanco (Almeria)
The origin of the castle dates back to the Muslim era. The square was reconquered by the Catholic Monarchs in the year 1488. In the year 1506, began construction of the new building, replacing the previous Muslim stronghold. The following year I was the Marquis of Velez. Pedro Fajardo Chacon was the first that brought the title and who reside in the castle.
Conway Castle is a medieval fortification in Conwy, on the north coast of Wales. It was built by England’s King Edward I in 1283-9 to subjugate the Welsh, who now enjoy it as a major tourist site. My wife and I joined forces on this photo (recoverd from film).
Castle Ward is an 18th-century National Trust property located near the village of Strangford, in County Down, Northern Ireland, in the townland of the same name. It overlooks Strangford Lough and is 7 miles from Downpatrick and 1.5 miles from Strangford.
Castle Ward is open to the public and includes 332 hectares (820 acres) of landscaped gardens, a fortified tower house, Victorian laundry, theatre, restaurant, shop, saw mill and a working corn mill. It has a shore on Strangford Lough.
Herstmonceux is a 15th century moated castle with 300 acres of woodlands and gardens in Hailsham, East Sussex.
Dunstanburgh Castle is a 14th-century fortification on the coast of Northumberland in northern England, located between the villages of Craster and Embleton. The castle was built by Earl Thomas of Lancaster between 1313 and 1322, taking advantage of the site's natural defences and the existing earthworks of a former Iron Age fort. Thomas was a leader of a baronial faction opposed to King Edward II, and probably intended Dunstanburgh to act as a secure refuge, should the political situation in southern England deteriorate. The castle also served as a statement of the earl's wealth and influence, and would have invited comparisons with the neighbouring royal castle of Bamburgh. Thomas probably only visited his new castle once, before being captured at Battle of Boroughbridge as he attempted to flee royal forces for the safety of Dunstanburgh. Thomas was executed, and the castle became the property of the Crown, before passing into the Duchy of Lancaster.
A stormy pink alpenglow hits Castle Mountain at first light. I even had to back off the colour significantly in this shot for it to look somewhat realistic. Castle Mountain is in the remote Monkman Provincial Park in the Hart Ranges of the Central Rocky Mountains. The park lies to the South of Tumbler Ridge in a spectacularly rugged part of British Columbia. Canada.
Inverness Castle sits on a cliff overlooking the River Ness, in Inverness, Scotland. The red sandstone structure evident today was built in 1836 by architect William Burn. It is built on the site of an 11th-century defensive structure. Today, it houses Inverness Sheriff Court. There has been a castle at this site for many centuries. The castle itself is not currently open to the public, however a recent campaign has led to the creation of a working group to explore the possibility of doing so in the future. At present, only the castle grounds are open to the public.