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Museum of National Applied Art in Sheki (Azerbaijan).
A late-19th-century Russian church in unusual cylindrical form, built on the site of a 6th-century Caucasian Albanian original now hosts the Museum of National Applied Art. It displays fairly haphazard collections of Sheki crafts, including metalwork, pottery and and embroidery.
ITF Secretary-General's Special Lecture series on "Bringing continents together: Azerbaijan's role for sustainable transport connectivity between Europe and Asia" in Paris, France, 27 February 2023
Manufacturer: Boeing
Model: 787-8 Dreamliner
Aircraft type: B787
Construction number: 37921
Line number: 247
Year built: 2014
Owner: Government of Azerbaijan
Operator: Azerbaijan Airlines
Status: Active
ITF Secretary-General's Special Lecture series on "Bringing continents together: Azerbaijan's role for sustainable transport connectivity between Europe and Asia" in Paris, France, 27 February 2023
Baku (or Bakı in Azerbaijani) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located 92 feet (28 meters) below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world and also the largest city in the world located below sea level. Baku lies on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, alongside the Bay of Baku. At the beginning of 2009, Baku's urban population was estimated at just over two million people. Officially, about 25 percent of all inhabitants of the country live in Baku's metropolitan area. Baku is the sole metropolis in Azerbaijan.
Baku is divided into twelve administrative raions and 48 townships. Among these are the townships on the islands of the Baku Archipelago, and the town of Oil Rocks built on stilts in the Caspian Sea, 37 miles (60 kilometers) away from Baku. The Inner City of Baku, along with the Shirvanshah's Palace and the Maiden Tower, were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000.
The city is renowned for its harsh winds, which is reflected in its nickname, the "City of Winds."
Information from: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baku
Detail of a gravestone.
Eddi Gumbez (15 th century) mausoleum and graveyard in Shamakhi (Azerbaijan).
At the foot of Gulistan Fortress is located Eddi Gumbez Mausoleum or “Seven Domes”. This is how people named Shamakhi tomb of Shirvan Dynasty rulers. There the notorious representatives of Shirvan Dynasty were buried. The monument's name is defined be the number of gravestones in the crypt. Today the gravestones look like half-destroyed stone domes as if grown directly from under the ground in the middle of deserted graveyard. Therefore the atmosphere of this district seems a little mysterious.
Shamakhi town is the administrative center of the district. Its population exceeds 83000. It is located 120 km from Baku.
In ancient times Shamakhi was the capital of Shirvan - the state of Shirvanshahs, which was established in the 18th century along with other smaller states after weakening of the dynasty of Abbasids. The town has a glorious but tragic history - it has been devastated many times. And not only by invaders but also as a result of earthquakes since this is an area of high seismicity. When in 1191 Kizil Arslan of Atabeks Eldenisids dynasty seized and grounded the city Shirvanshah Ahsitan the 1st temporarily relocated the capital to Baku. However, in 1501 both Shamakhi and Baku were captured by Shah Ismail Sefevi. 37 years later Shirvan's existence as an independent state ceased and Tahmasib Sefevi founded the state of Sefevids. Afterwards Shamakhi was frequently destroyed in wars with Turkish Ottomans. Not only people were killed, architectural monuments and books were also destroyed.
Azerbaijan: Over-grazing results in losses of organic carbon soil through wind and water erosion and soil impoverishment.
© Clima East
Architecture in the old town of Baku (Azerbaijan)
The first written reference to Baku dates from 885, although archaeologists have found remains of a settlement predating by several centuries the birth of Jesus. The city became important after an earthquake destroyed Shemakha and the of the 12th century and the Shirvanshah, Ahistan I, made Baku the new capital. In 1813 Russia signed the Treaty of Gulistan with Persia by which Baku and most of the Caucasus region were annexed from Iran and transferred to Russia.
There are a few theories about the origin of the name, the most widely known being that Baku comes from the Persian word Bagh-Kuh (the Mount of God). The Name of Baku is also popularly explained as coming from the Persian word "bad kube", meaning "city of winds".
Local market in Sheki (Azerbaijan).
Sheki.
Situated 700m above sea level, like an amphitheatre surrounded by mountains and forests of oak trees, Sheki rises above fertile yaylags (pastures) and fields. The area is very picturesque, with narrow gorges and green valleys, springs, water falls and mineral water springs framed by dense woods and alpine meadows. In the town, you'll see old brick houses, shaded streets, weeping willow trees and canals carrying spring water. The original settlement dates back to the late bronze age. Once we enter recorded history, invaders were frequent visitors. Its name is believed to originate from the name of saks tribe that arrived in Azerbaijan in VII B.C. The city became very well known as a center of Sakasena region of Alban kingdom. When Christianity spread in the Caucasus, Sheki became one of its important centers. During the 7th century Sheki was taken by arab invaders becoming dependent on a local emirate - Sheki suffered from Arab-Khazar war for 150 years. However in the 9th century with the weakening of arab power a Christian state was re-established by the last remaining forces of the Albanian kings. It was later taken by the Shirvanshahs, the Mongols under Tamerlane and the Safavids. By the 18th century Sheki was capital of its own Khanate, only to be taken by the Russian Empire in 1805. Following the Russian revolution the Red Army eventually only took Sheki in 1920.
Sheki is long famed as a silk centre and an important stop on the silk route, Sheki is still the site of a huge factory that was once the Soviet Union's largest silk plant (such a big factory was naturally named after Lenin... - now ask for the 'ipek kombinat'). In its golden period the factory employed over 7.000 (out of a population reaching almost 100.000). Nowadays the silk industry is still alive, but through smaller private workshops. The agricultural activity is quite important, with tobacco, grapes, grain, nuts, cattle and milk as the the main products.