Angiosperm photos on Flickr

Allium cristophii (Persian onion) (Newark, Ohio, USA) 1 by James St. John

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Allium cristophii Trautvetter, 1884 - Persian onion in Ohio, USA. (photo by Mary Ellen St. John)

Plants are multicellular, photosynthesizing eucaryotes. Most species occupy terrestrial environments, but they also occur in freshwater and saltwater aquatic environments. The oldest known land plants in the fossil record are Ordovician to Silurian. Land plant body fossils are known in Silurian sedimentary rocks - they are small and simple plants (e.g., Cooksonia). Fossil root traces in paleosol horizons are known in the Ordovician. During the Devonian, the first trees and forests appeared. Earth's initial forestation event occurred during the Middle to Late Paleozoic. Earth's continents have been partly to mostly covered with forests ever since the Late Devonian. Occasional mass extinction events temporarily removed much of Earth's plant ecosystems - this occurred at the Permian-Triassic boundary (251 million years ago) and the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary (65 million years ago).

The most conspicuous group of living plants is the angiosperms, the flowering plants. They first unambiguously appeared in the fossil record during the Cretaceous. They quickly dominated Earth's terrestrial ecosystems, and have dominated ever since. This domination was due to the evolutionary success of flowers, which are structures that greatly aid angiosperm reproduction.

Allium cristophii, the Persian onion, or the "Star of Persia", is native to parts of southwestern Asia. It is widely used as a ornamental plant.

Classification: Plantae, Angiospermophyta, Asparagales, Amaryllidaceae

Locality: cultivar in Newark, Ohio, USA

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Info. at:

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allium_cristophii

Joshua Tree - California by Charles (Chuck) Peterson

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Mojave National Preserve

San Bernardino County, California

17:22 9 May 2017

Plantae

Angiosperms

Asparagales

Asparagaceae

Yucca brevifolia

"The name Joshua tree was given by a group of Mormon settlers crossing the Mojave Desert in the mid-19th century. The tree's unique shape reminded them of a Biblical story in which Joshua reaches his hands up to the sky in prayer."

- Wikipedia

BEAUTIFUL PHILIPPINES Summer has long been gone, It's the BER Months in the Rain ! by Wilfredo B Kaamiño Sr

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THE AGE OF FLOWERING PLANTS

ANGIOSPERM means "seed borne in vessel," while GYMNOSPERM means "naked seed," a reference to the lack of protective structure enveloping the seed. One reason that flowering plants were able to diversify so dramatically and spread during the Cretaceous and Cenozoic, or MODERN, the era was the evolution of new structures and tissues such as the carpel, a womb-like vessel that encloses angiosperm seeds and endosperm, a placenta-like tissue that nourishes the young plant as it develop within the seed, Today, angiosperm dominate terrestrial life on the planet. At an estimated 422,000 species, they compose by far the largest group of plants. They grow in greater range of environments, exhibits a wider range of growth habits, and display more variation in form than any living group of plants. In size, angiosperm range from tiny duckweed to eucaplytuses more than 330 ft (100 m) tall.

The explosion of angiosperm diversity has gone hand in hand with the proliferation of INSECTS, BIRDS, and OTHER ANIMALS that pollinate their flowers, disperse their fruits and seeds, and eat their leaves.

THE ULTIMATE VISUAL REFERENCE TO PLANTS AND FLOWERS OF THE WORLD - Janet Marinelli, Ed-in-Chief

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Family Home Stamp Size Garden; Roadside Ornamental Plants, Flowers, Trees and Skyline views and Nature Garden over Barangay 17- Pareja Subdv., Imadejas, Estacio and Luz Village, Butuan City . .

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ON THE ROAD TO MOUNT MALINDANG by Wilfredo B Kaamiño Sr

1 2

THE AGE OF FLOWERING PLANTS

ANGIOSPERM means "seed borne in vessel," while GYMNOSPERM means "naked seed," a reference to the lack of protective structure enveloping the seed. One reason that flowering plants were able to diversify so dramatically and spread during the Cretaceous and Cenozoic, or modern, the era was the evolution of new structures and tissues such as the carpel, a womb-like vessel that encloses angiosperm seeds and endosperm, a placenta-like tissue that nourishes the young plant as it develop within the seed, Today, angiosperm dominate terrestrial life on the planet. At an estimated 422,000 species, they compose by far the largest group of plants. They grow in greater range of environments, exhibits a wider range of growth habits, and display more variation in form than any living group of plants. In size, angiosperm range from tiny duckweed to eucaplytuses more than 330 ft (100 m) tall. The explosion of angiosperm diversity has gone hand in hand with the proliferation of insect, birds, and other animals that pollinate their flowers, disperse their fruits and seeds, and eat their leaves.

PLANT - The ultimate visual reference to plants and flowers of the world JANET MARINELLI

Mindanao Tourist Destinations

Local/Travel Website and Angelique Ross Kaamiño/TravelEscapade TRAVEL/Leisure Cebu/CdO/Butuanon

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Calo Horse-Farm and Ecological Landscaping/Seed Bank, propagation, conservation and protection of Nature Garden on the vanishing Flora and Fauna/South East Asian Tour of the Balanghai boat Photos.

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Cercis (Redbud) by David Crowe

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Passiflora, Glenview, Oakland, California USA by takasphoto.com

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Botanic garden flowers by David Crowe

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Litsea bindoniana by tanetahi

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'Big-Leaf Bollywood' growing in rainforest beside the Rex Range Road, on the Great Escarpment.

As a member of the laurel family Lauraceae, it counts as a basal angiosperm.

with #AechmeaPrimera #Plantae #Angiosperms #Monocots #Commelinids #Poales #Bromeliaceae #Bromelioideae #Aechmea Picture #Samsung #GalaxyS8Plus 📷 by henklbrNL

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Peach blossoms by David Crowe

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Série com o Ipê-amarelo em Brasília, Brasil - Series with the Trumpet tree, Golden Trumpet Tree, Pau D'arco or Tabebuia in Brasília, Brazil - 20-08-2017 – IMG_7514 by Flávio Cruvinel Brandão

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Ipê Amarelo, Tabebuia [chrysotricha or ochracea].

Ipê-amarelo em Brasília (UnB), Brasil.

This tree is in Brasília, Capital of Brazil.

Text, in english, from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

"Trumpet tree" redirects here. This term is occasionally used for the Shield-leaved Pumpwood (Cecropia peltata).

Tabebuia

Flowering Araguaney or ipê-amarelo (Tabebuia chrysantha) in central Brazil

Scientific classification

Kingdom: Plantae

(unranked): Angiosperms

(unranked): Eudicots

(unranked): Asterids

Order: Lamiales

Family: Bignoniaceae

Tribe: Tecomeae

Genus: Tabebuia

Gomez

Species

Nearly 100.

Tabebuia is a neotropical genus of about 100 species in the tribe Tecomeae of the family Bignoniaceae. The species range from northern Mexico and the Antilles south to northern Argentina and central Venezuela, including the Caribbean islands of Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti) and Cuba. Well-known common names include Ipê, Poui, trumpet trees and pau d'arco.

They are large shrubs and trees growing to 5 to 50 m (16 to 160 ft.) tall depending on the species; many species are dry-season deciduous but some are evergreen. The leaves are opposite pairs, complex or palmately compound with 3–7 leaflets.

Tabebuia is a notable flowering tree. The flowers are 3 to 11 cm (1 to 4 in.) wide and are produced in dense clusters. They present a cupular calyx campanulate to tubular, truncate, bilabiate or 5-lobed. Corolla colors vary between species ranging from white, light pink, yellow, lavender, magenta, or red. The outside texture of the flower tube is either glabrous or pubescentThe fruit is a dehiscent pod, 10 to 50 cm (4 to 20 in.) long, containing numerous—in some species winged—seeds. These pods often remain on the tree through dry season until the beginning of the rainy.

Species in this genus are important as timber trees. The wood is used for furniture, decking, and other outdoor uses. It is increasingly popular as a decking material due to its insect resistance and durability. By 2007, FSC-certified ipê wood had become readily available on the market, although certificates are occasionally forged.

Tabebuia is widely used as ornamental tree in the tropics in landscaping gardens, public squares, and boulevards due to its impressive and colorful flowering. Many flowers appear on still leafless stems at the end of the dry season, making the floral display more conspicuous. They are useful as honey plants for bees, and are popular with certain hummingbirds. Naturalist Madhaviah Krishnan on the other hand once famously took offense at ipé grown in India, where it is not native.

Lapacho teaThe bark of several species has medical properties. The bark is dried, shredded, and then boiled making a bitter or sour-tasting brownish-colored tea. Tea from the inner bark of Pink Ipê (T. impetiginosa) is known as Lapacho or Taheebo. Its main active principles are lapachol, quercetin, and other flavonoids. It is also available in pill form. The herbal remedy is typically used during flu and cold season and for easing smoker's cough. It apparently works as expectorant, by promoting the lungs to cough up and free deeply embedded mucus and contaminants. However, lapachol is rather toxic and therefore a more topical use e.g. as antibiotic or pesticide may be advisable. Other species with significant folk medical use are T. alba and Yellow Lapacho (T. serratifolia)

Tabebuia heteropoda, T. incana, and other species are occasionally used as an additive to the entheogenic drink Ayahuasca.

Mycosphaerella tabebuiae, a plant pathogenic sac fungus, was first discovered on an ipê tree.

Tabebuia alba

Tabebuia anafensis

Tabebuia arimaoensis

Tabebuia aurea – Caribbean Trumpet Tree

Tabebuia bilbergii

Tabebuia bibracteolata

Tabebuia cassinoides

Tabebuia chrysantha – Araguaney, Yellow Ipê, tajibo (Bolivia), ipê-amarelo (Brazil), cañaguate (N Colombia)

Tabebuia chrysotricha – Golden Trumpet Tree

Tabebuia donnell-smithii Rose – Gold Tree, "Prima Vera", Cortez blanco (El Salvador), San Juan (Honduras), palo blanco (Guatemala),duranga (Mexico)

A native of Mexico and Central Americas, considered one of the most colorful of all Central American trees. The leaves are deciduous. Masses of golden-yellow flowers cover the crown after the leaves are shed.

Tabebuia dubia

Tabebuia ecuadorensis

Tabebuia elongata

Tabebuia furfuracea

Tabebuia geminiflora Rizz. & Mattos

Tabebuia guayacan (Seem.) Hemsl.

Tabebuia haemantha

Tabebuia heptaphylla (Vell.) Toledo – tajy

Tabebuia heterophylla – roble prieto

Tabebuia heteropoda

Tabebuia hypoleuca

Tabebuia impetiginosa – Pink Ipê, Pink Lapacho, ipê-cavatã, ipê-comum, ipê-reto, ipê-rosa, ipê-roxo-damata, pau d'arco-roxo, peúva, piúva (Brazil), lapacho negro (Spanish); not "brazilwood"

Tabebuia incana

Tabebuia jackiana

Tabebuia lapacho – lapacho amarillo

Tabebuia orinocensis A.H. Gentry[verification needed]

Tabebuia ochracea

Tabebuia oligolepis

Tabebuia pallida – Cuban Pink Trumpet Tree

Tabebuia platyantha

Tabebuia polymorpha

Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) DC.[verification needed] (= T. pentaphylla (L.) Hemsley) – Pink Poui, Pink Tecoma, apama, apamate, matilisguate

A popular street tree in tropical cities because of its multi-annular masses of light pink to purple flowers and modest size. The roots are not especially destructive for roads and sidewalks. It is the national tree of El Salvador and the state tree of Cojedes, Venezuela

Tabebuia roseo-alba – White Ipê, ipê-branco (Brazil), lapacho blanco

Tabebuia serratifolia – Yellow Lapacho, Yellow Poui, ipê-roxo (Brazil)

Tabebuia shaferi

Tabebuia striata

Tabebuia subtilis Sprague & Sandwith

Tabebuia umbellata

Tabebuia vellosoi Toledo

Ipê-do-cerrado

Texto, em português, da Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre.

Ipê-do-cerrado

Classificação científica

Reino: Plantae

Divisão: Magnoliophyta

Classe: Magnoliopsida

Subclasse: Asteridae

Ordem: Lamiales

Família: Bignoniaceae

Género: Tabebuia

Espécie: T. ochracea

Nome binomial

Tabebuia ochracea

(Cham.) Standl. 1832

Sinónimos

Bignonia tomentosa Pav. ex DC.

Handroanthus ochraceus (Cham.) Mattos

Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacq.) G. Nicholson

Tabebuia hypodictyon A. DC.) Standl.

Tabebuia neochrysantha A.H. Gentry

Tabebuia ochracea subsp. heteropoda (A. DC.) A.H. Gentry

Tabebuia ochracea subsp. neochrysantha (A.H. Gentry) A.H. Gentry

Tecoma campinae Kraenzl.

ecoma grandiceps Kraenzl.

Tecoma hassleri Sprague

Tecoma hemmendorffiana Kraenzl.

Tecoma heteropoda A. DC.

Tecoma hypodictyon A. DC.

Tecoma ochracea Cham.

Ipê-do-cerrado é um dos nomes populares da Tabebuia ochracea (Cham.) Standl. 1832, nativa do cerrado brasileiro, no estados de Amazonas, Pará, Maranhão, Piauí, Ceará, Pernambuco, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo e Paraná.

Está na lista de espécies ameaçadas do estado de São Paulo, onde é encontrda também no domínio da Mata Atlântica[1].

Ocorre também na Argentina, Paraguai, Bolívia, Equador, Peru, Venezuela, Guiana, El Salvador, Guatemala e Panamá[2].

Há uma espécie homônima descrita por A.H. Gentry em 1992.

Outros nomes populares: ipê-amarelo, ipê-cascudo, ipê-do-campo, ipê-pardo, pau-d'arco-do-campo, piúva, tarumã.

Características

Altura de 6 a 14 m. Tronco tortuso com até 50 cm de diâmetro. Folhas pilosas em ambas as faces, mais na inferior, que é mais clara.

Planta decídua, heliófita, xerófita, nativa do cerrado em solos bem drenados.

Floresce de julho a setembro. Os frutos amadurecem de setembro a outubro.

FloresProduz grande quantidade de sementes leves, aladas com pequenas reservas, e que perdem a viabilidade em menos de 90 dias após coleta. A sua conservação vem sendo estudada em termos de determinação da condição ideal de armazenamento, e tem demonstrado a importância de se conhecer o comportamento da espécie quando armazenada com diferentes teores de umidade inicial, e a umidade de equilíbrio crítica para a espécie (KANO; MÁRQUEZ & KAGEYAMA, 1978). As levíssimas sementes aladas da espécie não necessitam de quebra de dormência. Podem apenas ser expostas ao sol por cerca de 6 horas e semeadas diretamente nos saquinhos. A germinação ocorre após 30 dias e de 80%. As sementes são ortodoxas e há aproximadamente 72 000 sementes em cada quilo.

O desenvolvimento da planta é rápido.

Como outros ipês, a madeira é usada em tacos, assoalhos, e em dormentes e postes. Presta-se também para peças torneadas e instrumento musicais.

Tabebuia alba (Ipê-Amarelo)

Texto, em português, produzido pela Acadêmica Giovana Beatriz Theodoro Marto

Supervisão e orientação do Prof. Luiz Ernesto George Barrichelo e do Eng. Paulo Henrique Müller

Atualizado em 10/07/2006

O ipê amarelo é a árvore brasileira mais conhecida, a mais cultivada e, sem dúvida nenhuma, a mais bela. É na verdade um complexo de nove ou dez espécies com características mais ou menos semelhantes, com flores brancas, amarelas ou roxas. Não há região do país onde não exista pelo menos uma espécie dele, porém a existência do ipê em habitat natural nos dias atuais é rara entre a maioria das espécies (LORENZI,2000).

A espécie Tabebuia alba, nativa do Brasil, é uma das espécies do gênero Tabebuia que possui “Ipê Amarelo” como nome popular. O nome alba provém de albus (branco em latim) e é devido ao tomento branco dos ramos e folhas novas.

As árvores desta espécie proporcionam um belo espetáculo com sua bela floração na arborização de ruas em algumas cidades brasileiras. São lindas árvores que embelezam e promovem um colorido no final do inverno. Existe uma crença popular de que quando o ipê-amarelo floresce não vão ocorrer mais geadas. Infelizmente, a espécie é considerada vulnerável quanto à ameaça de extinção.

A Tabebuia alba, natural do semi-árido alagoano está adaptada a todas as regiões fisiográficas, levando o governo, por meio do Decreto nº 6239, a transformar a espécie como a árvore símbolo do estado, estando, pois sob a sua tutela, não mais podendo ser suprimida de seus habitats naturais.

Taxonomia

Família: Bignoniaceae

Espécie: Tabebuia Alba (Chamiso) Sandwith

Sinonímia botânica: Handroanthus albus (Chamiso) Mattos; Tecoma alba Chamisso

Outros nomes vulgares: ipê-amarelo, ipê, aipê, ipê-branco, ipê-mamono, ipê-mandioca, ipê-ouro, ipê-pardo, ipê-vacariano, ipê-tabaco, ipê-do-cerrado, ipê-dourado, ipê-da-serra, ipezeiro, pau-d’arco-amarelo, taipoca.

Aspectos Ecológicos

O ipê-amarelo é uma espécie heliófita (Planta adaptada ao crescimento em ambiente aberto ou exposto à luz direta) e decídua (que perde as folhas em determinada época do ano). Pertence ao grupo das espécies secundárias iniciais (DURIGAN & NOGUEIRA, 1990).

Abrange a Floresta Pluvial da Mata Atlântica e da Floresta Latifoliada Semidecídua, ocorrendo principalmente no interior da Floresta Primária Densa. É característica de sub-bosques dos pinhais, onde há regeneração regular.

Informações Botânicas

Morfologia

As árvores de Tabebuia alba possuem cerca de 30 metros de altura. O tronco é reto ou levemente tortuoso, com fuste de 5 a 8 m de altura. A casca externa é grisáceo-grossa, possuindo fissuras longitudinais esparas e profundas. A coloração desta é cinza-rosa intenso, com camadas fibrosas, muito resistentes e finas, porém bem distintas.

Com ramos grossos, tortuosos e compridos, o ipê-amarelo possui copa alongada e alargada na base. As raízes de sustentação e absorção são vigorosas e profundas.

As folhas, deciduais, são opostas, digitadas e compostas. A face superior destas folhas é verde-escura, e, a face inferior, acinzentada, sendo ambas as faces tomentosas. Os pecíolos das folhas medem de 2,5 a 10 cm de comprimento. Os folíolos, geralmente, apresentam-se em número de 5 a 7, possuindo de 7 a 18 cm de comprimento por 2 a 6 cm de largura. Quando jovem estes folíolos são densamente pilosos em ambas as faces. O ápice destes é pontiagudo, com base arredondada e margem serreada.

As flores, grandes e lanceoladas, são de coloração amarelo-ouro. Possuem em média 8X15 cm.

Quanto aos frutos, estes possuem forma de cápsula bivalvar e são secos e deiscentes. Do tipo síliqua, lembram uma vagem. Medem de 15 a 30 cm de comprimento por 1,5 a 2,5 cm de largura. As valvas são finamente tomentosas com pêlos ramificados. Possuem grande quantidade de sementes.

As sementes são membranáceas brilhantes e esbranquiçadas, de coloração marrom. Possuem de 2 a 3 cm de comprimento por 7 a 9 mm de largura e são aladas.

Reprodução

A espécie é caducifólia e a queda das folhas coincide com o período de floração. A floração inicia-se no final de agosto, podendo ocorrer alguma variação devido a fenômenos climáticos. Como a espécie floresce no final do inverno é influenciada pela intensidade do mesmo. Quanto mais frio e seco for o inverno, maior será a intensidade da florada do ipê amarelo.

As flores por sua exuberância, atraem abelhas e pássaros, principalmente beija-flores que são importantes agentes polinizadores. Segundo CARVALHO (2003), a espécie possui como vetor de polinização a abelha mamangava (Bombus morio).

As sementes são dispersas pelo vento.

A planta é hermafrodita, e frutifica nos meses de setembro, outubro, novembro, dezembro, janeiro e fevereiro, dependendo da sua localização. Em cultivo, a espécie inicia o processo reprodutivo após o terceiro ano.

Ocorrência Natural

Ocorre naturalmente na Floresta Estaciobal Semidecicual, Floresta de Araucária e no Cerrado.

Segundo o IBGE, a Tabebuia alba (Cham.) Sandw. é uma árvore do Cerrado, Cerradão e Mata Seca. Apresentando-se nos campos secos (savana gramíneo-lenhosa), próximo às escarpas.

Clima

Segundo a classificação de Köppen, o ipê-amarelo abrange locais de clima tropical (Aw), subtropical úmido (Cfa), sutropical de altitude (Cwa e Cwb) e temperado.

A T.alba pode tolerar até 81 geadas em um ano. Ocorre em locais onde a temperatura média anual varia de 14,4ºC como mínimo e 22,4ºC como máximo.

Solo

A espécie prefere solos úmidos, com drenagem lenta e geralmente não muito ondulados (LONGHI, 1995).

Aparece em terras de boa à média fertilidade, em solos profundos ou rasos, nas matas e raramente cerradões (NOGUEIRA, 1977).

Pragas e Doenças

De acordo com CARVALHO (2003), possui como praga a espécie de coleópteros Cydianerus bohemani da família Curculionoideae e um outro coleóptero da família Chrysomellidae. Apesar da constatação de elevados índices populacionais do primeiro, os danos ocasionados até o momento são leves. Nas praças e ruas de Curitiba - PR, 31% das árvores foram atacadas pela Cochonilha Ceroplastes grandis.

ZIDKO (2002), ao estudar no município de Piracicaba a associação de coleópteros em espécies arbóreas, verificou a presença de insetos adultos da espécie Sitophilus linearis da família de coleópteros, Curculionidae, em estruturas reprodutivas. Os insetos adultos da espécie emergiram das vagens do ipê, danificando as sementes desta espécie nativa.

ANDRADE (1928) assinalou diversas espécies de Cerambycidae atacando essências florestais vivas, como ingazeiro, cinamomo, cangerana, cedro, caixeta, jacarandá, araribá, jatobá, entre outras como o ipê amarelo.

A Madeira

A Tabebuia alba produz madeira de grande durabilidade e resistência ao apodrecimento (LONGHI,1995).

MANIERI (1970) caracteriza o cerne desta espécie como de cor pardo-havana-claro, pardo-havan-escuro, ou pardo-acastanhado, com reflexos esverdeados. A superfície da madeira é irregularmente lustrosa, lisa ao tato, possuindo textura media e grã-direita.

Com densidade entre 0,90 e 1,15 grama por centímetro cúbico, a madeira é muito dura (LORENZI, 1992), apresentando grande dificuldade ao serrar.

A madeira possui cheiro e gosto distintos. Segundo LORENZI (1992), o cheiro característico é devido à presença da substância lapachol, ou ipeína.

Usos da Madeira

Sendo pesada, com cerne escuro, adquire grande valor comercial na marcenaria e carpintaria. Também é utilizada para fabricação de dormentes, moirões, pontes, postes, eixos de roda, varais de carroça, moendas de cana, etc.

Produtos Não-Madeireiros

A entrecasca do ipê-amarelo possui propriedades terapêuticas como adstringente, usada no tratamento de garganta e estomatites. É também usada como diurético.

O ipê-amarelo possui flores melíferas e que maduras podem ser utilizadas na alimentação humana.

Outros Usos

É comumente utilizada em paisagismo de parques e jardins pela beleza e porte. Além disso, é muito utilizada na arborização urbana.

Segundo MOREIRA & SOUZA (1987), o ipê-amarelo costuma povoar as beiras dos rios sendo, portanto, indicado para recomposição de matas ciliares. MARTINS (1986), também cita a espécie para recomposição de matas ciliares da Floresta Estacional Semidecidual, abrangendo alguns municípios das regiões Norte, Noroeste e parte do Oeste do Estado do Paraná.

Aspectos Silviculturais

Possui a tendência a crescer reto e sem bifurcações quando plantado em reflorestamento misto, pois é espécie monopodial. A desrrama se faz muito bem e a cicatrização é boa. Sendo assim, dificilmente encopa quando nova, a não ser que seja plantado em parques e jardins.

Ao ser utilizada em arborização urbana, o ipê amarelo requer podas de condução com freqüência mediana.

Espécie heliófila apresenta a pleno sol ramificação cimosa, registrando-se assim dicotomia para gema apical. Deve ser preconizada, para seu melhor aproveitamento madeireiro, podas de formação usuais (INQUE et al., 1983).

Produção de Mudas

A propagação deve realizada através de enxertia.

Os frutos devem ser coletados antes da dispersão, para evitar a perda de sementes. Após a coleta as sementes são postas em ambiente ventilado e a extração é feita manualmente. As sementes do ipê amarelo são ortodoxas, mantendo a viabilidade natural por até 3 meses em sala e por até 9 meses em vidro fechado, em câmara fria.

A condução das mudas deve ser feita a pleno sol. A muda atinge cerca de 30 cm em 9 meses, apresentando tolerância ao sol 3 semanas após a germinação.

Sementes

Os ipês, espécies do gênero Tabebuia, produzem uma grande quantidade de sementes leves, aladas com pequenas reservas, e que perdem a viabilidade em poucos dias após a sua coleta. A sua conservação vem sendo estudada em termos de determinação da condição ideal de armazenamento, e tem demonstrado a importância de se conhecer o comportamento da espécie quando armazenada com diferentes teores de umidade inicial, e a umidade de equilíbrio crítica para a espécie (KANO; MÁRQUEZ & KAGEYAMA, 1978).

As levíssimas sementes aladas da espécie não necessitam de quebra de dormência. Podem apenas ser expostas ao sol por cerca de 6 horas e semeadas diretamente nos saquinhos. A quebra natural leva cerca de 3 meses e a quebra na câmara leva 9 meses. A germinação ocorre após 30 dias e de 80%.

As sementes são ortodoxas e há aproximadamente 87000 sementes em cada quilo.

Preço da Madeira no Mercado

O preço médio do metro cúbico de pranchas de ipê no Estado do Pará cotado em Julho e Agosto de 2005 foi de R$1.200,00 o preço mínimo, R$ 1509,35 o médio e R$ 2.000,00 o preço máximo (CEPEA,2005).

BEAUTIFUL PHILIPPINES Summer has long been gone, It's the BER Months in the Rain ! by Wilfredo B Kaamiño Sr

2

THE AGE OF FLOWERING PLANTS

ANGIOSPERM means "seed borne in vessel," while GYMNOSPERM means "naked seed," a reference to the lack of protective structure enveloping the seed. One reason that flowering plants were able to diversify so dramatically and spread during the Cretaceous and Cenozoic, or MODERN, the era was the evolution of new structures and tissues such as the carpel, a womb-like vessel that encloses angiosperm seeds and endosperm, a placenta-like tissue that nourishes the young plant as it develop within the seed, Today, angiosperm dominate terrestrial life on the planet. At an estimated 422,000 species, they compose by far the largest group of plants. They grow in greater range of environments, exhibits a wider range of growth habits, and display more variation in form than any living group of plants. In size, angiosperm range from tiny duckweed to eucaplytuses more than 330 ft (100 m) tall.

The explosion of angiosperm diversity has gone hand in hand with the proliferation of INSECTS, BIRDS, and OTHER ANIMALS that pollinate their flowers, disperse their fruits and seeds, and eat their leaves.

THE ULTIMATE VISUAL REFERENCE TO PLANTS AND FLOWERS OF THE WORLD - Janet Marinelli, Ed-in-Chief

Mindanao Tourist Destinations Local/Travel Website and Angelique Ross Kaamiño/TravelEscapade TRAVEL Leisure Cebu/CdO/Butuan

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Family Home Stamp Size Garden; Roadside Ornamental Plants, Flowers, Trees and Skyline views and Nature Garden over Barangay 17- Pareja Subdv., Imadejas, Estacio and Luz Village, Butuan City . .

STAMP SIZE ROADSIDE GARDEN@ 2nd. St. Pareja, Subdv., Butuan City. -wilfredosrb/photography&Story

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Peruvian Primrose-willow (Ludwigia peruviana) by Gerald (Wayne) Prout

8 8

Peruvian Primrose-willow (Ludwigia peruviana) found growing alongside the Marsh Rabbit Run Trail in the Circle B Bar Reserve located in the City of Lakeland Polk County Florida U.S.A.

BEAUTIFUL PHILIPPINES Summer has long been gone, It's the BER Months in the Rain ! by Wilfredo B Kaamiño Sr

2

THE AGE OF FLOWERING PLANTS

ANGIOSPERM means "seed borne in vessel," while GYMNOSPERM means "naked seed," a reference to the lack of protective structure enveloping the seed. One reason that flowering plants were able to diversify so dramatically and spread during the Cretaceous and Cenozoic, or MODERN, the era was the evolution of new structures and tissues such as the carpel, a womb-like vessel that encloses angiosperm seeds and endosperm, a placenta-like tissue that nourishes the young plant as it develop within the seed, Today, angiosperm dominate terrestrial life on the planet. At an estimated 422,000 species, they compose by far the largest group of plants. They grow in greater range of environments, exhibits a wider range of growth habits, and display more variation in form than any living group of plants. In size, angiosperm range from tiny duckweed to eucaplytuses more than 330 ft (100 m) tall.

The explosion of angiosperm diversity has gone hand in hand with the proliferation of INSECTS, BIRDS, and OTHER ANIMALS that pollinate their flowers, disperse their fruits and seeds, and eat their leaves.

THE ULTIMATE VISUAL REFERENCE TO PLANTS AND FLOWERS OF THE WORLD - Janet Marinelli, Ed-in-Chief

Mindanao Tourist Destinations Local/Travel Website and Angelique Ross Kaamiño/TravelEscapade TRAVEL Leisure Cebu/CdO/Butuan

FEATURED LINK-

Family Home Stamp Size Garden; Roadside Ornamental Plants, Flowers, Trees and Skyline views and Nature Garden over Barangay 17- Pareja Subdv., Imadejas, Estacio and Luz Village, Butuan City . .

STAMP SIZE ROADSIDE GARDEN@ 2nd. St. Pareja, Subdv., Butuan City. -wilfredosrb/photography&Story

Mindanao Tourist Destinations created an event.

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Série com flores - Hibiscos – Series with flowers - Hibiscus - 11-01-2015 - IMG_1470 by Flávio Cruvinel Brandão

4

Um texto, em português, da Wikipédia:

Hibiscus

Hibiscus L. é um gênero botânico, com cerca de 300 espécies, inserido na família das Malvaceae, com flores e folhas exuberantes. Devido à nova taxonomia pela filogenética (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group), muitas espécies que pertenciam a esse gênero estão migrando para outros gêneros. Por exemplo: Hibiscus esculentus L., a planta do quiabo, agora é Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench. O cultivo dos exemplares do gênero, tanto ornamental como econômico, está disseminado nas regiões subtropicais e tropicais, cuidando para não sofrerem com geadas e temperaturas baixas constantes.

Etimologia:

Hibiscus significa Ísis (deusa egípcia), em grego.

Sinonímia:

Bombycidendron Zoll. & Moritzi

Bombycodendron Hassk.

Brockmania W. Fitzg.

Fioria Mattei

Espécies:

Hibiscus acetosella

Hibiscus x archeri (híbrido)

Hibiscus arnottianus

Hibiscus bifurcatus

Hibiscus brackenridgei

Hibiscus calyphyllus

Hibiscus cameronii

Hibiscus cannabinus

Hibiscus chitra

Hibiscus cisplatinus

Hibiscus clayi

Hibiscus coccineus

Hibiscus denisonii

Hibiscus diversifolius

Hibiscus elatus

Hibiscus furcellatus

Hibiscus fuscus

Hibiscus grandiflorus

Hibiscus hastatus

Hibiscus heterophyllus

Hibiscus indicus

Hibiscus kokio

Hibiscus lasiocarpos

Hibiscus lavaterioides

Hibiscus lobatus

Hibiscus ludwigii

Hibiscus macrophyllus

Hibiscus mastersianus

Hibiscus militaris

Hibiscus moscheutos

Hibiscus mutabilis (malva-rosa)

Hibiscus paramutabilis

Hibiscus pedunculatus

Hibiscus pernambucensis (guanxuma-do-mangue)

Hibiscus platanifolius

Hibiscus radiatus

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (hibisco)

Hibiscus sabdariffa (vinagreira)

Hibiscus schizopetalus (hibisco-crespo)

Hibiscus scottii

Hibiscus sinosyriacus

Hibiscus splendens

Hibiscus syriacus (hibisco-da-síria)

Hibiscus tiliaceus (algodoeiro-da-praia)

Hibiscus trionum (flor-de-todas-as-horas)

Hibiscus waimeae

Hibiscus dioscorides

Hibiscus diriffan

Hibiscus escobariae

Hibiscus noli-tangere

Hibiscus quattenensis

Hibiscus socotranus

Hibiscus stenanthus

Portugal:

Em Portugal este género está representado por 2 espécies, presentes em Portugal Continental, a primeira nativa, a segunda introduzida:1

Hibiscus palustris L.

Hibiscus trionum L.

Classificação do gênero:

Sistema Classificação Referência

Linné Classe Monadelphia, ordem Polyandria Species plantarum (1753)

Papuodendron C. T. White

Pariti Adans.

Talipariti Fryxell

Wilhelminia Hochr.

A text, in english, from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:

Hibiscus

For other uses, see Hibiscus (disambiguation).

Hibiscus

Hibiscus flower TZ.jpg

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis

Scientific classification

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Angiosperms

Class: Eudicots

Order: Malvales

Family: Malvaceae

Subfamily: Malvoideae

Tribe: Hibisceae

Genus: Hibiscus

L.

Species

232 species

Synonyms

Bombycidendron Zoll. & Moritzi

Bombycodendron Hassk.

Brockmania W.Fitzg.

Pariti Adans.

Wilhelminia Hochr.

Hibiscus (/hɨˈbɪskəs/ or /haɪˈbɪskəs/) is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family, Malvaceae. It is quite large, containing several hundred species that are native to warm-temperate, subtropical and tropical regions throughout the world. Member species are often noted for their showy flowers and are commonly known simply as hibiscus, or less widely known as rose mallow. The genus includes both annual and perennial herbaceous plants, as well as woody shrubs and small trees. The generic name is derived from the Greek word ἱβίσκος (hibískos), which was the name Pedanius Dioscorides (ca. 40–90) gave to Althaea officinalis.

Description:

The leaves are alternate, ovate to lanceolate, often with a toothed or lobed margin. The flowers are large, conspicuous, trumpet-shaped, with five or more petals, color from white to pink, red, orange, purple or yellow, and from 4–18 cm broad. Flower color in certain species, such as H. mutabilis and H. tiliaceus, changes with age.[5] The fruit is a dry five-lobed capsule, containing several seeds in each lobe, which are released when the capsule dehisces (splits open) at maturity. It is of red and white colours. It is an example of complete flowers.

Uses:

Symbolism and culture

Hibiscus species represent nations: Hibiscus syriacus is the national flower of South Korea, and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is the national flower of Malaysia. The hibiscus is the national flower of Haiti. The red hibiscus is the flower of the Hindu goddess Kali, and appears frequently in depictions of her in the art of Bengal, India, often with the goddess and the flower merging in form. The hibiscus is used as an offering to goddess Kali and Lord Ganesha in Hindu worship.

In the Philippines, the gumamela (local name for hibiscus) is used by children as part of a bubble-making pastime. The flowers and leaves are crushed until the sticky juices come out. Hollow papaya stalks are then dipped into this and used as straws for blowing bubbles.

The hibiscus flower is traditionally worn by Tahitian and Hawaiian girls. If the flower is worn behind the left ear, the woman is married or in a relationship. If the flower is worn on the right, she is single or openly available for a relationship. The hibiscus is Hawaii's state flower.

Nigerian author Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie named her first novel Purple Hibiscus after the delicate flower.

The bark of the hibiscus contains strong bast fibres that can be obtained by letting the stripped bark set in the sea to let the organic material rot away.

Landscaping

Many species are grown for their showy flowers or used as landscape shrubs, and are used to attract butterflies, bees, and hummingbirds.

Paper

One species of Hibiscus, known as kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus), is extensively used in paper-making.

Beverage

Main article: Hibiscus tea

The tea made of hibiscus flowers is known by many names in many countries around the world and is served both hot and cold. The beverage is well known for its color, tanginess and flavor.

It is known as bissap in West Africa, agua de jamaica in Mexico and Honduras (the flower being flor de jamaica) and gudhal (गुड़हल) in India. Some refer to it as roselle, a common name for the hibiscus flower. In Jamaica, Trinidad and many other islands in the Caribbean, the drink is known as sorrel (Hibiscus sabdariffa; not to be confused with Rumex acetosa, a species sharing the common name sorrel). In Ghana, the drink is known as soobolo in one of the local languages.

Roselle is typically boiled in an enamel-coated large stock pot as most West Indians believe the metal from aluminum, steel or copper pots will destroy the natural minerals and vitamins.[citation needed]

In Cambodia, a cold beverage can be prepared by first steeping the petals in hot water until the colors are leached from the petals, then adding lime juice (which turns the beverage from dark brown/red to a bright red), sweeteners (sugar/honey) and finally cold water/ice cubes.

In Egypt,[citation needed] Sudan and the Arab world, hibiscus tea is known as karkadé (كركديه), and is served as both a hot and a cold drink.

Food

Dried hibiscus is edible, and it is often a delicacy in Mexico. It can also be candied and used as a garnish.

The roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) is used as a vegetable. The species Hibiscus suratensis Linn synonymous to Hibiscus aculeatus G. Don is noted in Visayas Philippines being a souring ingredient for almost all local vegetables and menus. Known as Labog in the Visayan area, (or Labuag/Sapinit in Tagalog), the species is a very good ingredient in cooking native chicken soup. Certain species of hibiscus are also beginning to be used more widely as a natural source of food coloring (E163),[citation needed] and replacement of Red #3 / E127.

Hibiscus species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidopteran species, including Chionodes hibiscella, Hypercompe hambletoni, the nutmeg moth, and the turnip moth.

Health benefits

The tea is popular as a natural diuretic; it contains vitamin C and minerals, and is used traditionally as a mild medicine.

A 2008 USDA study shows consuming hibiscus tea lowers blood pressure in a group of prehypertensive and mildly hypertensive adults. Three cups of tea daily resulted in an average drop of 8.1 mmHg in their systolic blood pressure, compared to a 1.3 mmHg drop in the volunteers who drank the placebo beverage. Study participants with higher blood pressure readings (129 or above) had a greater response to hibiscus tea: their systolic blood pressure went down by 13.2 mmHg. These data support the idea that drinking hibiscus tea in an amount readily incorporated into the diet may play a role in controlling blood pressure, although more research is required.

Studies have demonstrated the anti-hypertensive effects of H. sabdariffa in both humans and animals. It has been proposed that the antihypertensive effects of H. sabdariffa is due to its angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibiting activity. In a randomized, controlled clinical trial involving 39 patients with mild to moderate hypertension, Captopril was compared to an extract of H. sabdariffa for antihypertensive effects. Subjects taking an extract of H.sabdariffa, consumed daily before breakfast for four weeks, found reduction in blood pressure similar to Captopril. Another randomized, placebo clinical trial involving 54 study participants with moderate hypertension demonstrated a reduction in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. However upon discontinuation of treatment, both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were subsequently elevated.

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis has a number of medical uses in Chinese herbology. Lokapure s.g.et al. their research indicates some potential in cosmetic skin care; for example, an extract from the flowers of Hibiscus rosa- sinensis has been shown to function as an anti-solar agent by absorbing ultraviolet radiation.

In the Indian traditional system of medicine, Ayurveda, hibiscus, especially white hibiscus and red hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis), is considered to have medicinal properties. The roots are used to make various concoctions believed to cure ailments such as cough, hair loss or hair greying. As a hair treatment, the flowers are boiled in oil along with other spices to make a medicated hair oil. The leaves and flowers are ground into a fine paste with a little water, and the resulting lathery paste is used as a shampoo plus conditioner.

Hibiscus tea also contains bioflavonoids, which are believed to help prevent an increase in LDL cholesterol, which can increase the buildup of plaque in the arteries.

A previous animal study demonstrated the effects of H.sabdariffa extract on atherosclerosis in rabbits. Notably, a reduction in triglyceride, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein was observed in rabbits consuming a high cholesterol diet (HCD) in addition to H.sabdariffa extract compared to rabbits only fed HCD, suggesting a beneficial effect.[16] Furthermore, the H. sabdariffa seed is abundant in phytosterol and tocopherol, plant forms of cholesterol that have antioxidant and LDL cholesterol lowering effects.

Precautions and Contraindications:

Pregnancy and Lactation

While the mechanism is not well understood, previous animal studies have demonstrated both an inhibitory effect of H. sabdariffa on muscle tone and the anti-fertility effects of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, respectively. The extract of H. sabdariffa has been shown to stimulate contraction of the rat bladder and uterus; the H.rosa-sinensis extract has exhibited contraceptive effects in the form of estrogen activity in rats. These findings have not been observed in humans. The Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is also thought to have emmenagogue effects which can stimulate menstruation and, in some women, cause an abortion. Due to the documented adverse effects in animal studies and the reported pharmacological properties, the H. sabdariffa and H.rosa-sinensis are not recommended for use during pregnancy. Additionally, they are not recommended while breastfeeding due to the lack of reliable information on its safety and use.

Contraindications

No contraindications have been identified.

Adverse Effects

Drug Interactions

It is postulated that H. sabdariffa interacts with diclofenac, chloroquine and acetaminophen by altering the pharmacokinetics. In healthy human volunteers, the H. sabdariffa extract was found to reduce the excretion of diclofenac upon co-administration. Additionally, co-administration of Karkade (H. sabdariffa), a common Sudanese beverage, was found to reduce chloroquine bioavailability. However, no statistically significant changes were observed in the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen when administered with the Zobo (H.sabdariffa) drink. Further studies are needed to demonstrate clinical significance.

Species:

In temperate zones, probably the most commonly grown ornamental species is Hibiscus syriacus, the common garden hibiscus, also known in some areas as the "Rose of Althea" or "Rose of Sharon" (but not to be confused with the unrelated Hypericum calycinum, also called "Rose of Sharon"). In tropical and subtropical areas, the Chinese hibiscus (H. rosa-sinensis), with its many showy hybrids, is the most popular hibiscus.

Several hundred species are known, including:

Hibiscis acapulcensis

Hibiscus acetosella Welw. ex Hiern.—False Roselle

Hibiscus acicularis

Hibiscus aculeatus—Comfortroot

Hibiscus altissimus

Hibiscus andongensis

Hibiscus angolensis

Hibiscus aponeurus[26]

Hibiscus archeri—Archer's Hibiscus

Hibiscus aridicola

Hibiscus arnottianus A.Gray—Kokiʻo ʻula (Hawaii)

Hibiscus asper—Bush Roselle

Hibiscus austroyunnanensis

Hibiscus barbosae

Hibiscus benguellensis

Hibiscus berberidifolius

Hibiscus bernieri

Hibiscus bifurcatus—Fork-bracted Rosemallow

Hibiscus biseptus—Arizona Rosemallow

Hibiscus bojerianus

Hibiscus boryanus—Foulsapate Marron

Hibiscus brackenridgei A.Gray—Hawaiian hibiscus Maʻo hau hele

Hibiscus burtt-davyi

Hibiscus caerulescens

Hibiscus caesius—Dark-eyed Hibiscus (South Africa)

Hibiscus calyphyllus—Lemonyellow Rosemallow (Tropical Africa)

Hibiscus cameronii—Cameron's Hibiscus, Pink Hibiscus

Hibiscus cannabinus L.—Kenaf

Hibiscus castroi

Hibiscus cisplatinus—Rosa Del Rio

Hibiscus citrinus-

Hibiscus clayi O.Deg. & I.Deg.—Hawaiian red hibiscus (Hawaii)

Hibiscus clypeatus—Congo Mahoe

Hibiscus coccineus (Medik.) Walter—Scarlet Rosemallow

Hibiscus colimensis

Hibiscus columnaris—Mahot Rempart

Hibiscus comoensis

Hibiscus congestiflorus

Hibiscus costatus

Hibiscus coulteri—Desert Rosemallow

Hibiscus cuanzensis

Hibiscus dasycalyx—Neches River Rosemallow

Hibiscus denudatus Benth.—Pale Face (Southwestern United States, Northwestern Mexico)

Hibiscus dimidiatus

Hibiscus dioscorides A.G.Mill. (es/pt) (Yemen)

Hibiscus diplocrater

Hibiscus diriffan A.G.Mill. (Yemen)

Hibiscus diversifolius—Swamp Hibiscus

Hibiscus dongolensis

Hibiscus donianus

Hibiscus elatus—Mahoe

Hibiscus elegans

Hibiscus engleri—Wild Hibiscus

Hibiscus escobariae

Hibiscus excellii

Hibiscus ferrugineus

Hibiscus ficalhoanus

Hibiscus flavoroseus

Hibiscus fragilis DC.—Mandrinette (Mascarene Islands)

Hibiscus fragrans

Hibiscus fritzscheae

Hibiscus furcellatus Desr.—Lindenleaf rosemallow (Caribbean, Florida, Central America, South America, Hawaii)

Hibiscus fugosioides

Hibiscus furcellatus—Salad Hibiscus

Hibiscus fuscus

Hibiscus genevii Bojer (Mauritius)

Hibiscus gilletii

Hibiscus gossweileri

Hibiscus grandidieri

Hibiscus grandiflorus Michx.—Swamp rosemallow (Southeastern United States)

Hibiscus grandistipulatus

Hibiscus grewiifolius

Hibiscus hamabo

Hibiscus hastatus

Hibiscus heterophyllus—Native rosella

Hibiscus hirtus—Lesser Mallow

Hibiscus hispidissimus

Hibiscus huellensis

Hibiscus hybridus

Hibiscus indicus

Hibiscus insularis Endl.—Phillip Island hibiscus (Phillip Island)

Hibiscus integrifolius

Hibiscus jaliscensis

Hibiscus kochii

Hibiscus kokio—Red Rosemallow

Hibiscus labordei

Hibiscus laevis All. (=H. militaris)—Halberd-leaved rosemallow (central and eastern North America)

Hibiscus lasiocarpos—Woolly Rosemallow

Hibiscus lasiococcus

Hibiscus lavaterioides

Hibiscus laxiflorus

Hibiscus leptocladus ([Northwest Australia])

Hibiscus leviseminus

Hibiscus lilacinus—Lilac Hibiscus

Hibiscus liliiflorus—Rodrigues Tree Hibiscus

Hibiscus longifolius

Hibiscus longisepalus

Hibiscus ludwigii

Hibiscus lunariifolius

Hibiscus macrogonus

Hibiscus macrophyllus—Largeleaf Rosemallow

Hibiscus macropodus

Hibiscus makinoi—Okinawan Hibiscus

Hibiscus malacophyllus Balf.f. (Yemen)

Hibiscus malacospermus

Hibiscus martianus—Heartleaf Rosemallow

Hibiscus moscheutos Welw. ex Hiern.—Crimsoneyed Rosemallow (Central and Eastern North America)

Hibiscus mutabilis L.—Cotton Rosemallow, Confederate Rose (East Asia)

Hibiscus paramutabilis

Hibiscus pedunculatus

Hibiscus pernambucensis—Seaside Mahoe

Hibiscus phoeniceus—Brazilian Rosemallow

Hibiscus platanifolius

Hibiscus quattenensis

Hibiscus poeppigii—Poeppig's Rosemallow

Hibiscus radiatus—Monarch Rosemallow

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.—Chinese hibiscus (East Asia)

Hibiscus sabdariffa L.—Roselle, Omutete, or Sorrel

Hibiscus schizopetalus—Fringed Rosemallow

Hibiscus scottii

Hibiscus socotranus

Hibiscus sinosyriacus

Hibiscus splendens

Hibiscus stenanthus Balf.f. (Yemen)

Hibiscus striatus—Striped Rosemallow

Hibiscus syriacus L. (Type species)—Rose of Sharon (Asia)

Hibiscus tiliaceus L.—Sea hibiscus (Australia, Southeast Asia, Oceania)

Hibiscus trilobus—Threelobe Rosemallow

Hibiscus trionum L.—Flower-of-an-Hour

Hibiscus vitifolius—Tropical Rose Mallow

Hibiscus waimeae A.Heller—Kokiʻo keʻokeʻo (Hawaii)

White Bog Orchid - Idaho by Charles (Chuck) Peterson

5 1

Scout Mountain Nature Trail

Caribou National Forest, Bannock County, Idaho

11:11 8 June 2020

Plantae

Angiosperms

Monocots

Asparagales

Orchidaceae

Platanthera dilatata

BEAUTIFUL PHILIPPINES Summer has long been gone, It's the BER Months in the Rain ! by Wilfredo B Kaamiño Sr

2

THE AGE OF FLOWERING PLANTS

ANGIOSPERM means "seed borne in vessel," while GYMNOSPERM means "naked seed," a reference to the lack of protective structure enveloping the seed. One reason that flowering plants were able to diversify so dramatically and spread during the Cretaceous and Cenozoic, or MODERN, the era was the evolution of new structures and tissues such as the carpel, a womb-like vessel that encloses angiosperm seeds and endosperm, a placenta-like tissue that nourishes the young plant as it develop within the seed, Today, angiosperm dominate terrestrial life on the planet. At an estimated 422,000 species, they compose by far the largest group of plants. They grow in greater range of environments, exhibits a wider range of growth habits, and display more variation in form than any living group of plants. In size, angiosperm range from tiny duckweed to eucaplytuses more than 330 ft (100 m) tall.

The explosion of angiosperm diversity has gone hand in hand with the proliferation of INSECTS, BIRDS, and OTHER ANIMALS that pollinate their flowers, disperse their fruits and seeds, and eat their leaves.

THE ULTIMATE VISUAL REFERENCE TO PLANTS AND FLOWERS OF THE WORLD - Janet Marinelli, Ed-in-Chief

Mindanao Tourist Destinations Local/Travel Website and Angelique Ross Kaamiño/TravelEscapade TRAVEL Leisure Cebu/CdO/Butuan

FEATURED LINK-

Family Home Stamp Size Garden; Roadside Ornamental Plants, Flowers, Trees and Skyline views and Nature Garden over Barangay 17- Pareja Subdv., Imadejas, Estacio and Luz Village, Butuan City . .

STAMP SIZE ROADSIDE GARDEN@ 2nd. St. Pareja, Subdv., Butuan City. -wilfredosrb/photography&Story

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BEAUTIFUL PHILIPPINES Top Tourists Destinations and White Sand Beaches by Wilfredo B Kaamiño Sr

1

THE AGE OF FLOWERING PLANTS

ANGIOSPERM means "seed borne in vessel," while GYMNOSPERM means "naked seed," a reference to the lack of protective structure enveloping the seed. One reason that flowering plants were able to diversify so dramatically and spread during the Cretaceous and Cenozoic, or MODERN, the era was the evolution of new structures and tissues such as the carpel, a womb-like vessel that encloses angiosperm seeds and endosperm, a placenta-like tissue that nourishes the young plant as it develop within the seed, Today, angiosperm dominate terrestrial life on the planet. At an estimated 422,000 species, they compose by far the largest group of plants. They grow in greater range of environments, exhibits a wider range of growth habits, and display more variation in form than any living group of plants. In size, angiosperm range from tiny duckweed to eucaplytuses more than 330 ft (100 m) tall.

The explosion of angiosperm diversity has gone hand in hand with the proliferation of INSECTS, BIRDS, and OTHER ANIMALS that pollinate their flowers, disperse their fruits and seeds, and eat their leaves.

THE ULTIMATE VISUAL REFERENCE TO PLANTS AND FLOWERS OF THE WORLD - Janet Marinelli, Ed-in-Chief

Mindanao Tourist Destinations Local/Travel Website

and Angelique Ross Kaamiño/TravelEscapade TRAVEL/Leisure Cebu/CdO/Butuanon

FEATURED LINK-

BEAUTIFUL PHILIPPINES Top Tourists Destinations and White Sand Beaches

Photo Info-Story- wilfredosrb

PHOTO INFO-STORY: -wilfredosrb@ Family Life Landscapes and Nature Garden on Flick + 4 other Groups.

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Red Yucca Flowers Against Blue Sky by Chic Bee

21

Article 1:

Hesperaloe parviflora

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Scientific Classification

Kingdom:Plantae

Clade:Angiosperms

Clade:Monocots

Order:Asparagales

Family:Asparagaceae

Subfamily:Agavoideae

Genus:Hesperaloe

Species:H. parviflora

Binomial name

Hesperaloe parviflora

(Torr.) J.M.Coult.

Synonyms

Yucca parviflora Torr.[1]

Hesperaloe parviflora flowers

Hesperaloe parviflora, also known as red yucca, hummingbird yucca, redflower false yucca and samandoque, is a plant that is native to Chihuahuan desert of west Texas east and south into central and south Texas and northeastern Mexico around Coahuila.[2]

Hesperaloe parviflora has narrow evergreen leaves with a fringe of white threadlike hairs along their edges and grows in clumps 3–6 ft (0.91–1.83 m) high and wide. Red or yellow tubular flowers are borne on branching flower stalks (inflorescences) up to 5 ft (1.5 m) tall from late spring to mid-summer.[3]

This species has become popular in xeriscape landscape design for public and private gardens in California and the Southwestern United States. The plant's qualities include drought tolerance, heat resistance, low maintenance needs, hummingbird attracting flowers,[4] and an architectural form. It also is a spineless alternative to Agave and Yucca horticultural species.[5]

_______________________________________________

Article 2:

ag.arizona.edu/yavapai/anr/hort/byg/archive/hesperaloe.html

Red Yucca: Drought Tolerant and Colorful - July 24, 2002

Jeff Schalau, County Director, Agent, Agriculture & Natural Resources

Arizona Cooperative Extension, Yavapai County

From time to time, I write about a particularly interesting and locally suitable landscape plant. Red yucca (Hesperaloe parviflora) is a no-brainer for north central Arizona. Red yucca is native to southwestern Texas and Coahuila, Mexico making it very fit to our local climate/environment. Better yet, once established, they are virtually maintenance free.

Red yucca somewhat resembles true yucca with linear leaves arising from the base and flower stalks rising above the leaves. Red yucca, however, produces several pups (new plants formed adjacent to the parent plant) and has finer leaves than true yucca giving it a more grass-like appearance. The serrated leaves are about 1 ½ to 2 feet long and a mature plant can be about 3 feet across.

The "red" in red yucca refers to the flower color. This is misleading because there is also a yellow flowered variety available. Both are well suited. Red yucca produces several flower stalks each year, having abundant tubular flowers that bloom in spring and extend well into summer. The flower stalks can grow up to 9 feet high, but most I've seen are 3- 5 feet high. Hummingbirds are also attracted to the flowers.

After flowering, do not remove the flower stalks. Rather, leave them be to produce fruit. After opening, seeds are a food source for birds or can be used to start new plants. New plants can also be started by dividing established clumps or removing individual pups.

Red yucca loves the heat and is ideally suited to the Verde Valley. It can tolerate cold temperatures down to 10 degrees F. I have seen it doing well in Prescott, so it must tolerate the cold fairly well.

Plant red yucca in full sun where it has room to grow without needing to be trimmed back. Nothing is worse than seeing one of these plants mowed, or worse yet, shredded by a weed eater. So, place the plants 2 to 3 feet away from sidewalks, walkways, or driveways. After planting from a nursery container, provide ample irrigation for the first year taking care not to over water. After the first year, they should do nicely on native rainfall or with infrequent irrigation during extended droughts.

Maintenance is easy. On established plants, the older leaves eventually will die and lay on the ground. These can be cut off individually to create a neater appearance. This and removing dead flower stalks are the only maintenance practices needed.

Red yuccas are drought adapted plants and should be planted in conjunction with plant having similar irrigation requirements. They are equally attractive when planted with cacti and succulents or with leafy plants such as Mexican primrose, brittlebush, Penstemon, or annual wildflowers.

As usual, now it is time to provide you with some trivial, little known, and possibly useless factoid. A close relative of red yucca (Hesperaloe funifera) is being tested as a crop plant by University of Arizona researchers. H. funifera is quite a bit larger than red yucca and in the leaves, it produces long, thin fibers that can be used to produce paper with exceptional strength. It has been experimentally grown at the University of Arizona Maricopa Agricultural Center since 1995 to learn its cultural requirements. Maybe this plant will replace cotton someday? Meanwhile, plant red yucca in your landscape. You won't be disappointed.

The University of Arizona Cooperative Extension has publications and information on gardening and pest control. If you have other gardening questions, call the Master Gardener line in the Cottonwood office at 646-9113 or E-mail us at mgardener@verdeonline.com and be sure to include your address and phone number. Find past Backyard Gardener columns or submit column ideas at the Backyard Gardener web site: ag.arizona.edu/yavapai/anr/hort/byg/.

Arizona Cooperative Extension

Yavapai County

840 Rodeo Dr. #C

Prescott, AZ 86305

(928) 445-6590

ag.arizona.edu/yavapai/anr/hort/byg/archive/hesperaloe.html

Last Updated: July 16, 2002

Content Questions/Comments: jschalau@ag.arizona.edu

IMG_5149 - Version 2

African Blue Basil In My Garden by Chic Bee

20

Basil

Scientific classification Edit this classification

Kingdom: Plantae

Clade: Tracheophytes

Clade: Angiosperms

Clade: Eudicots

Clade: Asterids

Order: Lamiales

Family: Lamiaceae

Genus: Ocimum

Species: O. basilicum

Binomial name

Ocimum basilicum

L.

Basil (/ˈbæzəl/,[1] also US: /ˈbeɪzəl/;[2] Ocimum basilicum /ˈɒsɪməm bəˈzɪlɪkəm/[3][4]), also called great basil, is a culinary herb of the family Lamiaceae (mints). It is a tender plant, and is used in cuisines worldwide. In Western cuisine, the generic term "basil" refers to the variety also known as sweet basil or Genovese basil. Basil is native to tropical regions from Central Africa to Southeast Asia.[5] In temperate climates basil is treated as an annual plant, however, basil can be grown as a short-lived perennial or biennial in warmer horticultural zones with tropical or Mediterranean climates.[5]

There are many varieties of basil including sweet basil, Thai basil (O. basilicum var. thyrsiflora), and Mrs. Burns' Lemon (O. basilicum var. citriodora). O. basilicum can cross-pollinate with other species of the Ocimum genus, producing hybrids such as lemon basil (O. × citriodorum) and African blue basil (O. × kilimandscharicum).

Description

Timelapse of growing basil

Desiccated basil showing seed dispersal

Basil is an annual, or sometimes perennial, herb used for its leaves. Depending on the variety, plants can reach heights of between 30 and 150 centimetres (1 and 5 feet).[6] Basil leaves are glossy and ovulate, with smooth or slightly toothed edges that typically cup slightly; the leaves are arranged oppositely along the square stems.[7] Leaves may be green or purple. Its flowers are small and white, and grow from a central inflorescence, or spike, that emerges from the central stem atop the plant.[citation needed] Unusual among Lamiaceae, the four stamens and the pistil are not pushed under the upper lip of the corolla, but lie over the inferior lip. After entomophilous pollination, the corolla falls off and four round achenes develop inside the bilabiate calyx.[citation needed]

Phytochemistry

The various basils have such distinct scents because the volatile aromatic compounds vary with cultivars.[5] The essential oil from European basil contains high concentrations of linalool and methyl chavicol (estragole), in a ratio of about 3:1.[5][8] Other constituents include: 1,8-cineole, eugenol, and myrcene, among others.[5][9] The clove scent of sweet basil is derived from eugenol.[10] The aroma profile of basil includes 1,8-cineole[11][12] and methyl eugenol.[11][13] In this species eugenol is synthesised from coniferyl acetate and NADPH.[14]

Similar species

Some similar species in the same genus may be commonly called "basil", although they are not varieties of Ocimum basilicum.

Camphor basil, African basil (O. kilimandscharicum)

Clove basil, also African basil (Ocimum gratissimum)[15][16]

Holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum, formerly known as O. sanctum)[17]

Taxonomy

Further information: List of basil cultivars

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The exact taxonomy of basil is uncertain due to the immense number of cultivars, its ready polymorphy, and frequent cross-pollination (resulting in new hybrids) with other members of the genus Ocimum and within the species. Ocimum basilicum has at least 60 varieties, which further complicates taxonomy.[5]

Cultivars

Thai basil growing at a school in Thailand

Most basils are cultivars of sweet basil. Most basil varieties have green leaves, but a few are purple, such as, 'Purple Delight'.

Anise basil, Licorice basil, or Persian basil (O. basilicum 'Liquorice')

Cinnamon basil (Ocimum basilicum 'Cinnamon')

Dark opal basil (Ocimum basilicum 'Dark Opal')

Genovese basil or Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum)

Greek basil (Ocimum basilicum var. minimum)

Globe basil, dwarf basil, French basil (Ocimum basilicum 'Minimum')[18]

Lettuce leaf basil (Ocimum basilicum 'Crispum')

Napolitano basil, also known as Napoletano basil, Neapolitan basil, Mammoth basil, Bolloso Napoletano basil, Napolitano Mammoth-Leafed basil, or Italian Large-Leaf basil (Ocimum basilicum)

Purple basil (Ocimum basilicum 'Purpurescens')

Rubin basil (Ocimum basilicum 'Rubin')

Thai basil (Ocimum basilicum thyrsifolium)

Hybrids

African blue basil (Ocimum basilicum × O. kilimandscharicum)

Lemon basil (Ocimum basilicum × O. americanum)[19][20]

Spice basil (Ocimum basilicum × O. americanum), which is sometimes sold as holy basil

Etymology

The name "basil" comes from the Latin basilius, and the Greek βασιλικόν φυτόν (basilikón phytón), meaning "royal/kingly plant", possibly because the plant was believed to have been used in production of royal perfumes.[21] Basil is likewise sometimes referred to in French as "l'herbe royale" ('the royal herb').[22] The Latin name has been confused with basilisk, as it was supposed to be an antidote to the basilisk's venom.[21]

Distribution and habitat

Basil is native to India and other tropical regions stretching from Africa to South East Asia, but has now become globalized due to human cultivation.[5]

Cultivation

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Growing conditions

Basil is sensitive to cold, with best growth in hot, dry conditions. It behaves as an annual if there is any chance of a frost. However, due to its popularity, basil is cultivated in many countries around the world. Production areas include countries in the Mediterranean area, those in the temperate zone, and others in subtropical climates.[23][page needed]

In Northern Europe, Canada, the northern states of the U.S., and the South Island of New Zealand, basil grows best if sown under glass in a peat pot, then planted out in late spring/early summer (when there is little chance of a frost); however, it can also thrive when planted outside in these climates. Additionally, it may be sown in soil once chance of frost is past. It fares best in well-drained soil with direct exposure to the sun.[citation needed]

Although basil grows best outdoors, it can be grown indoors in a pot and, like most herbs, will do best on a sun-facing windowsill, kept away from extremely cold drafts. A greenhouse or row cover is ideal if available. It can, however, even be grown in a basement under fluorescent lights. Supplemental lighting produces greater biomass and phenol production, with red + blue specifically increasing growth and flower bud production. UV-B increases the volatiles in O. basilicum essential oil, which has not been reproducible in other plants, and so may be unique to the genus or even to this species.[24]

Basil plants require regular watering, but not as much attention as is needed in other climates. If its leaves have wilted from lack of water, it will recover if watered thoroughly and placed in a sunny location. Yellow leaves towards the bottom of the plant are an indication that the plant has been stressed; usually this means that it needs less water, or less or more fertilizer.[25] Basil can be propagated reliably from cuttings with the stems of short cuttings suspended in water for two weeks or until roots develop.

Pruning, flowering, and seeding

Female carpenter bee foraging

Once a stem produces flowers, foliage production stops on that stem, the stem becomes woody, and essential oil production declines. To prevent this, a basil-grower may pinch off any flower stems before they are fully mature. Because only the blooming stem is so affected, some stems can be pinched for leaf production, while others are left to bloom for decoration or seeds. Picking the leaves off the plant helps promote growth, largely because the plant responds by converting pairs of leaflets next to the topmost leaves into new stems.

Once the plant is allowed to flower, it may produce seed pods containing small black seeds, which can be saved and planted the following year. If allowed to go to seed, a basil plant will grow back the next year.

Diseases

Basil suffers from several plant pathogens that can ruin the crop and reduce yield. Fusarium wilt is a soil-borne fungal disease that will quickly kill younger basil plants. Seedlings may be killed by Pythium damping off. A common foliar disease of basil is gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea; it can cause infections post-harvest and is capable of killing the entire plant. Black spot can be seen on basil foliage and is caused by the fungi genus Colletotrichum. Downy mildew caused by Peronospora belbahrii is a significant disease, as first reported in Italy in 2003.[26] It was reported in the Florida in 2007 and by 2008 had spread along the eastern United States, reaching Canada.[27][28] Basil cultivars resistant to P. belbahrii have been developed.[29]

Non-pathogenic bacteria found on basil include Novosphingobium species.[30]

Uses

Basil, freshNutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)

Energy94 kJ (22 kcal)

Carbohydrates

2.65 g

Sugars0.30 g

Dietary fiber1.6 g

Fat

0.64 g

Protein

3.15 g

VitaminsQuantity

%DV†

Vitamin A equiv.

beta-Carotene

29%

264 μg

29%

3142 μg

Thiamine (B1)

3%

0.034 mg

Riboflavin (B2)

6%

0.076 mg

Niacin (B3)

6%

0.902 mg

Pantothenic acid (B5)

4%

0.209 mg

Vitamin B6

9%

0.155 mg

Folate (B9)

17%

68 μg

Choline

2%

11.4 mg

Vitamin C

20%

18.0 mg

Vitamin E

5%

0.80 mg

Vitamin K

346%

414.8 μg

MineralsQuantity

%DV†

Calcium

14%

177 mg

Copper

43%

0.385 mg

Iron

18%

3.17 mg

Magnesium

15%

64 mg

Manganese

50%

1.148 mg

Phosphorus

4%

56 mg

Potassium

10%

295 mg

Selenium

1%

0.3 μg

Sodium

0%

4 mg

Zinc

7%

0.81 mg

Other constituentsQuantity

Water92.06 g

Betaine0.4 mg

†Percentages estimated using US recommendations for adults,[31] except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from the National Academies.[32]

Dried basil leaves

Culinary

Basil is most commonly used fresh in recipes. In general, it is added last, as cooking quickly destroys the flavor. The fresh herb can be kept for a short time in plastic bags in the refrigerator, or for a longer period in the freezer, after being blanched quickly in boiling water.

Leaves and flowers

The most commonly used Mediterranean basil cultivars are "Genovese", "Purple Ruffles", "Mammoth", "Cinnamon", "Lemon", "Globe", and "African Blue". Basil is one of the main ingredients in pesto, an Italian sauce with olive oil and basil as its primary ingredients. Many national cuisines use fresh or dried basils in soups and other foods, such as to thicken soups. Basil is commonly steeped in cream or milk to create flavor in ice cream or chocolate truffles.

Lemon basil has a strong lemony smell and flavor due to the presence of citral. It is widely used in Indonesia, where it is called kemangi and served raw as an accompaniment to meat or fish.

Seeds

Main article: Basil seeds

When soaked in water, the seeds of several basil varieties become gelatinous, and are used in Asian drinks and desserts such as the Indian faluda, the Iranian sharbat-e-rihan, or hột é.[citation needed] In Kashmir, the Ramadan fast is often broken with babre beole, a sharbat made with basil seeds.[33]

Folk medicine

Basil is used in folk medicine practices, such as those of Ayurveda or traditional Chinese medicine.[34]: 33–34

Insecticide and insect repellent

Studies of the essential oil have shown insecticidal and insect-repelling properties,[35] including potential toxicity to mosquitos.[36] The essential oil is found by Huignard et al. 2008 to inhibit electrical activity by decreasing action potential amplitude, by shortening the post hyperpolarization phase, and reducing the action frequency of action potentials. In Huignard's opinion this is due to the linalool and estragole, the amplitude reduction due to linalool, and the phase shortening due to both.[37]

Callosobruchus maculatus, a pest which affects cowpea, is repelled by the essential oil.[37] The essential oil mixed with kaolin is both an adulticide and an ovicide, effective for three months against C. maculatus in cowpea.[37] The thrips Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips tabaci are repelled by O. basilicum, making this useful as an insect repellent in other crops.[38] The pests Sitophilus oryzae, Stegobium paniceum, Tribolium castaneum, and Bruchus chinensis are evaluated by Deshpande et al. 1974 and '77.[37]

Nematicide

The essential oil is found by Malik et al. 1987 and Sangwan et al. 1990 to be nematicidal against Tylenchulus semipenetrans, Meloidogyne javanica, Anguina tritici, and Heterodera cajani.[39]

Bacterial and fungal inhibition

The essential oil of the leaf and terminal shoot is effective against a large number of bacterial species including Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Pseudomonas spp.[40] The essential oil of the leaf and terminal shoot is also effective against a large number of fungal species including Aspergillus spp., Candida spp., Mucor spp., and Geotrichum candidum.[35][40]

Drops on strawberry leaves by David Crowe

5 1

Diphylleia cymosa (Umbrellaleaf) -- Berberidaceae by Michael Huft

4 1

Great Smoky Mountains National Park.

Abronia elliptica (sand verbena) (north of Bootlegger Canyon, west of Moab, Utah, USA) 3 by James St. John

3

Abronia elliptica Nelson, 1899 - sand verbena in Utah, USA.

Taxonomic lumpers refer to this plant as Abronia fragrans Hooker, 1853.

Plants are multicellular, photosynthesizing eucaryotes. Most species occupy terrestrial environments, but they also occur in freshwater and saltwater aquatic environments. The oldest known land plants in the fossil record are Ordovician to Silurian. Land plant body fossils are known in Silurian sedimentary rocks - they are small and simple plants (e.g., Cooksonia). Fossil root traces in paleosol horizons are known in the Ordovician. During the Devonian, the first trees and forests appeared. Earth's initial forestation event occurred during the Middle to Late Paleozoic. Earth's continents have been partly to mostly covered with forests ever since the Late Devonian. Occasional mass extinction events temporarily removed much of Earth's plant ecosystems - this occurred at the Permian-Triassic boundary (251 million years ago) and the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary (65 million years ago).

The most conspicuous group of living plants is the angiosperms, the flowering plants. They first unambiguously appeared in the fossil record during the Cretaceous. They quickly dominated Earth's terrestrial ecosystems, and have dominated ever since. This domination was due to the evolutionary success of flowers, which are structures that greatly aid angiosperm reproduction.

The nyctaginaceans are a group of almost 300 species of herbaceous flowering plants in tropical, subtropical, and sometimes temperate settings. Abronia is a perennial that occupies dry sandy settings in much of western North America. Its whitish, trumpet-shaped flowers are sweetly scented, and occur in subspherical clusters.

Classification: Plantae, Angiospermophyta, Caryophyllales, Nyctaginaceae

Locality: along Corona Arch Trail, north of Bootlegger Canyon, west of Moab, Utah, USA

--------------------

Info. at:

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abronia_(plant)

and

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abronia_fragrans

Banksia ericifolia by Andy

5 2

Plum Cherry flower by David Crowe

22

BEAUTIFUL PHILIPPINES On the Road to Calo Horse-Farm by Wilfredo B Kaamiño Sr

2

THE AGE OF FLOWERING PLANTS

ANGIOSPERM means "seed borne in vessel," while GYMNOSPERM means "naked seed," a reference to the lack of protective structure enveloping the seed. One reason that flowering plants were able to diversify so dramatically and spread during the Cretaceous and CENOZOIC, or MODERN, the era was the evolution of new structures and tissues such as the carpel, a womb-like vessel that encloses angiosperm seeds and endosperm, a placenta-like tissue that nourishes the young plant as it develop within the seed, Today, angiosperm dominate terrestrial life on the planet. At an estimated 422,000 species, they compose by far the largest group of plants. They grow in greater range of environments, exhibits a wider range of growth habits, and display more variation in form than any living group of plants. In size, angiosperm range from tiny duckweed to eucaplytuses more than 330 ft (100 m) tall.

The explosion of angiosperm diversity has gone hand in hand with the proliferation of INSECTS, BIRDS, and OTHER ANIMALS that pollinate their flowers, disperse their fruits and seeds, and eat their leaves.

THE ULTIMATE VISUAL REFERENCE TO PLANTS AND FLOWERS OF THE WORLD - Janet Marinelli, Ed-in-Chief

Mindanao Tourist Destinations Local/Travel Website

and Angelique Ross Kaamiño/TravelEscapade TRAVEL/Leisure Cebu/CdO/Butuanon

FEATURED LINK-

Calo Horse-Farm and Ecological Landscaping/Seed Bank, propagation, conservation and protection of Nature Garden on the vanishing Flora and Fauna/South East Asian Tour of the Balanghai boat Photos.

PHOTO INFO-STORY: -wilfredosrb/butuan city

Mindanao Tourist Destinations created an event.

June 28, 2012 ·

Let us help promote Mindanao Tourism

July 31, 2012

PHOTO TRAVEL-STORY: - wilfredosrb

Glowing autumn poplars by David Crowe

5

Dense-flowered/Chaparral Rein Orchid, Piperia elongata by Bill Bouton

12 12

Growing in pine woods. Cambria, San Luis Obispo County, California, USA.

The use of any of my photos, of any file size, for any purpose, is subject to approval by me. Contact me for permission. Image files are available upon request. My email address can be found at my Flickr profile page. Or send me a FlickrMail.

Pleated Gentian by David Crowe

8

Iris beauty by CameliaTWU

4 21

The original photo was taken with a Sony DSC -P52 camera, cropped and textured in Picnik

Boneseed, Bitou Bush, Bietou, Tick Berry, Bosluisbessie, or Weskusbietou DSC_7681 by MSB@Photography

8 28

Ayn Razat Park, Salalah, Oman.

Boneseed, Bitou Bush, Bietou, Tick Berry, Bosluisbessie, or Weskusbietou

Kingdom : Plantae

(unranked) : Angiosperms

(unranked) : Eudicots

(unranked) : Asterids

Order : Asterales

Family : Asteraceae

Genus : Chrysanthemoides

Species : Chrysanthemoides monilifera

Disa praecox by Bart Wursten

6

Two weeks on the wonderful Nyika Plateau in northern Malawi. The dry, cold winter months are probably the worst time of year to do botany there especially when at least half of the grasslands have just been burnt or even are still on fire. Yet we did find plenty of flora (and fauna) to enjoy. One particular highlight was Disa praecox, a Nyika endemic little orchid. This is one of the very few early flowering, pyrophytic orchid species so this time and this place actually present the only chance to ever see it and we were lucky enough to find one just poking its lovely little head above the freshly scorched soil.

The Wanderer by J.P. Lawrence

1

A Monarch caterpillar, also known as the Wanderer in Australia, from Queensland, Australia

Cranesbill (Geranium) by David Crowe

4

Tags Angiosperm

View allAll Photos Tagged Angiosperm