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There is a standard CWGC pattern headstone in the Cemetery at Methwold.
284176 Gunner
HARVEY SMITH
Royal Garrison Artillery
5th December 1918 Age 39
Gunner SMITH, HARVEY
Service Number:………. 284176
Died:…………………… 05/12/1918
Aged:………………….. 39
Unit:……………………Siege School, Aldershot
………………………….Royal Garrison Artillery
Son of Elizabeth Slapp (formerly Smith), and of William Slapp (Step-father).
Buried at METHWOLD (ST. GEORGE'S) CHURCH BURIAL GROUND
Source: www.cwgc.org/find-war-dead/casualty/2803527/smith,-harvey/
No match on SDGW.
The Medal Index Card for Gunner 284176 Harvey Smith, Royal Garrison Artillery, is held at the National Archive under reference WO 372/18/145360
He had previously been Gunner 13919 Royal Garrison Artillery.
Source: discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/D5230889
He qualified for the 1915 Star as he landed in Egypt on the 24th July 1915. However the card is also noted “Dis. 28.1.16” and that he would also receive the Silver War Badge.
Harvey also qualified for the British War Medal and the Victory Medal.
While his Service Records do not appear to have survived the incendiary attack during the Blitz on the Warehouse where all the Other Ranks Army Service Records were stored, his discharge papers are available. They reveal that Harvey saw one period of service, was discharged and then recalled when conscription was introduced.
He was discharged on the 16th May 1918 at Dover, being “no longer physically fit for War Service.” Harvey was then 37 years and 10 months old, was 5 feet 8 and a half inches tall, with a sallow complexion, black hair and brown eyes. There were no descriptive marks. A labourer by trade his intended place of residence was 2 Chapel Lane, Methwold, Brandon, Norfolk.
His last unit was the Siege School Aldershot, Royal Garrison Artillery and he was Gunner 284176.
His Military character was rated Good and he was stated to be a steady and hard working man.
He had served on the Home Front for all of his time in the Army, (28.7.16 to 16.5.18).
His original Medical Report is included with his Discharge Papers and there is a note that he was an “Ex-soldier” and that form was being used for an Ex-soldier recalled for Service with the Colours under the provisions of M.S. Acts 1916. The Medical took place at Norwich on the 28th July 1916. Then aged 36 and born Methwold, he was then only 5 feet 6 inches. He wighed 106lbs and was judged to be of Poor Physical Development, with Poor feet, Varicose Veins and a Pendulous abdomen. His original service number looks like 9176 Wes.
His next of kin at that time was his mother, Elizabeth Slapp, of 2 Chapel Lane, Methwold nr Brandon.
On the 26th December 1917 he was admitted to the Connaught Hospital, Aldershot, with a diagnosis of Addison’s disease. He had profound anaemia which wasn’t responding to treatment, and while his blood pressure wasn’t low, he had a very pronounced pigmentation of the lips, mucus membrane, cheeks and palate.
His Discharge Medical records that he originally enlisted at Bury St Edmunds on the 28th January 1908. He was stated to have been aged 41 at his last birthday. The place and origin of his Addison’s disease could be be said. Harvey had a history of jaundice and dysentery at the Dardenelles in 1915, Since then he had occasional enteritis with haemophysis and he had until recently been seen as a case of Phthisis. The board believed his condition had been aggravated by service in the military and was not attributable to or aggravated by the behaviour of the soldier himself. The Medical Board sitting at the Connaught Hospital on the 25th April 1918 found him 100% disabled and permanently unfit. It seems they believed his condition was too far gone to warrant further treatment.
His pension award sheet shows his date of birth as the 18th July 1880 and that he was a single man.
A memo from the Ministry of Pensions received by the Army Records Office on the 11th January 1919 records that Harvey died on the 5th December 1918. It gives his Chelsea Hospital number as N.R. 2P1584.
No match on Picture Norfolk, the County Image Archive.
No obvious Soldiers Will or Civil Probate for this man.
1880 – birth and baptism…….
The birth of a Harvey Smith was registered with the Civil Authorities in the Thetford District of Norfolk in the January to March quarter, (Q1), of 1880. His pension award sheet in his discharge papers however shows his date of birth as the 18th July 1880. While the month is written in full there still is the potential for confusion between January and July \ months 1 and 7 which could have been compounded by the Pensions Clerk.
The baptism of a Harvey Smith, born 11th January 1880 took place at St George, Methwold on the 23rd March 1882. Only his mother, Elizabeth Smith, is shown and the parish register is noted that she was a “singlewoman.” They were living at the Old Vicarage Houses, Methwold.
Source: www.freereg.org.uk/search_records/5818d39ae93790eca3e77e5...
1881 Census of England and Wales
The 1 year old Harvey Smith, born Methwold, was recorded living in a dwelling on the High Street, Methwold. This was the dwelling of his widowed Grand-mother, Amy Smith, (aged 58, born Gooderstone, Norwich). Amy is recorded living on “Parish Pay”. Also in the household are two of her unmarried sons, John, (26) and Walter, (16) – both Agricultural Labourers born Methwold.
His mother, the unmarried Elizabeth Smith, aged 22 and born Methwold, was recorded as a live in General Servant of a household on Cock Street, Feltwell, Norfolk. The household was that of a farmer Henry Heading and his wife Caroline.
1891 Census of England and Wales
The 11 year old Harvey Smith, born Methwold, was now recorded living at West Tofts, Norfolk. This was the household of a married couple, William H. Slapp, (aged 33, General Labourer, born Wilton, Norfolk) and Elizabeth Slapp, (aged 32, born Methwold). Although the additional information on the CWGC would indicate that William was the stepfather, and Elizabeth, by implication, was the biological mother, the census taker has actually recorded that Harvey is Williams’ “son-in-law”. There is also a second “son-in-law”, William R. Smith, (aged 8 and born Methwold). The couple then appear to have two children of their own –
John………...aged 6….born West Tofts
Lillian M......aged 1….born West Tofts
Also living with them is a Lodger, John Slapp, aged 18, an Agricultural Labourer born Brandon, Suffolk.
1901 Census of England and Wales
The Slapp family were now recorded living at Chapel Lane, Methwold. Although the head of the household is now recorded as the 43 year old Agricultural Labourer Harry Slapp, born Hockwold, Norfolk, I believe there enough similarities in his details and that of the other members of the family to make sure the right people have been identified. His wife Elizabeth was then aged 42 and born Methwold. Children listed in the household are a son, Harvey Smith, (21, an Agricultural Labourer, born Metwold), and three daughters, Lilly, (11), Hannah, (8) and Maud Slapp, (1) – all born West Tofts.
1911 Census of England and Wales
The ‘29’ year old unmarried Farm Labourer, Harvey Smith, born Methwold, was recorded living in the household of his employer, Isaac Laud, at Plantation Farm, Wereham, Stoke Ferry, Norfolk.
His mother and step-father were still living at “Chaple” Lane, Methwold – this was the first census return intended to be completed by the householder. William Harry Slapp, (53), a Farm Labourer born Hockwold Wilton, and Elizabeth Slapp, (52), have been married 27 years and have had 8 children, of which 6 were then still alive. Children still single and living at home were Hannah, (18) and Alice Maud, (11).
On the day…………………………………
The death of the 38 year old Harvey Smith was recorded in the Thetford District in the October to December quarter, (Q4), of 1918.
Addison's disease, also known as primary adrenal insufficiency and hypocortisolism, is a long-term endocrine disorder in which the adrenal glands do not produce enough steroid hormones. Symptoms generally come on slowly and may include abdominal pain, weakness, and weight loss. Darkening of the skin in certain areas may also occur. Under certain circumstances, an adrenal crisis may occur with low blood pressure, vomiting, lower back pain, and loss of consciousness. An adrenal crisis can be triggered by stress, such as from an injury, surgery, or infection.
Addison's disease arises from problems with the adrenal gland such that not enough of the steroid hormone cortisol and possibly aldosterone are produced, most often due to damage by the body's own immune system in the developed world and tuberculosis in the developing world
Addison’s disease is named after Thomas Addison, the British physician who first described the condition in On the Constitutional and Local Effects of Disease of the Suprarenal Capsules (1855). All of Addison's six original patients had tuberculosis of the adrenal glands. While Addison's six patients in 1855 all had adrenal tuberculosis, the term "Addison's disease" does not imply an underlying disease process.
Addison's disease is associated with the development of other autoimmune diseases, such as type I diabetes, thyroid disease (Hashimoto's thyroiditis), celiac disease, or vitiligo.
Salt...every human's need in entire life...without salt there is no food and no world...
it is available everywhere...we are seeing very beautiful advertisement about the salt product from various brands...but there is an story behind this product...
Tamil Nadu is one of the few states that produce salt in India. In Tamil Nadu, salt is produced primarily in the three districts of Nagapattinam, Tuticorin and Marakkanam in Villupuram.
This is about the Salt production at Marakkanam in Villupuram Dist.
The salt pan workers work under extremely hazardous conditions. They work with the harsh sun beating down upon them under the open sky and have employment only for about six months in a year.
Their daily wages vary between 35 rupees to 85 rupees (US$ 0.78 to 1.9). Women generally get paid lower than men. In Marakknam, most of the workers belong to the Schedule Caste communities. It is estimated that about 3000 workers exist in Marakkanam area.
While poverty, indebtedness and deprivation are common to all the salt pan workers, the women, as in many other poor communities, become greater victims of poverty. Generally, they suffer from serious gynaecological problems and. malnutrition and anaemia are also very common. They also do not have support systems to take care of their children. They hardly have access to any quality medical care. Since usually both the parents go to work in the salt pans, it is not clear as to who takes care of their children.
I have captured their activities in three seasons ie., initial ground preparation, Salt making and storing, the final one is in the rainy season where the ground is full of water... I had been there many times to see their activities and i used to talk to them about their work and life balance, to be frank I was so shocked while seeing their work on the field...it was so hot and if we continue be there for more than 15min we may feel that the water level in our body will be completely drained out. such a hot and dry day whole day and everyday...
We went to Hythe today, so to see the skull-filled crypt, and as you can see, we did get into that part, although the church was being used for a wedding: how inconsiderate when I wanted to snap it inside! Plenty of time next month to go back for sure.
Thousands of skulls and other bones fill the crypt, which makes for a chilling and morbid display.
-----------------------------------------------------------
St Leonard’s Church has the largest and best-preserved collection of ancient human bones and skulls in Britain. The collection consists of shelves in four arched bays that contain 1,022 skulls in total, and a single stack of bones and skulls measuring 7.5m in length, 1.8m in width and just over 1.8m in height. We know that the stack of bones was reassembled on its brick base in 1910.
It was estimated by past historians that the collection represents the remains of some 4,000 people. It is impossible to estimate the number of bones in the stack, but recent work on the skulls has estimated the likely maximum number as 1,200 and the total of individuals represented as 2,000. Even at this level the collection is still unique in this country.
The earliest references to the collection are 1678 by Samuel Jeake, then Town Clerk of Rye, and 1679 by Rev Brome, Chaplain to the Cinque Ports, both of whom described ‘an orderly pile of dead men’s bones’ in the ‘charnel house’ on the north side of the church. The earliest known drawings are dated 1787 depicting piles of skulls and bones inside the south door, and 1820 showing the south-west bay and stack similar to its present appearance. Postcards in the early 1900s with photographs of the crypt show the layout much the same as it is today.
There have been many theories over the years as to who the people were and how they came to be resting in the crypt. The 1787 drawing, mentioned above, stated in a footnote that the bones were supposed to be those of ‘Danish pirates slain in a battle’ whilst a handwritten footnote on an 1860s illustration referred to them as ‘men who fell in the Battle of Hastings (1066)’. Another argument said they were Anglo-Saxons killed in battle. It was also thought that the people were victims of the Black Death, but such bodies were usually hastily disposed of in quicklime.
There is no firm evidence to support these theories. Moreover a project from 2009 to 2012 to analyse all the skulls on the shelves has shown that there is a higher proportion of females than males, and nearly 10% of sub-adults (juveniles), whilst only a handful of skulls indicate wounds from blows to the head.
The general consensus now is that they were Hythe residents who died over a long period and had been buried in the churchyard (evidenced by the deposits of soil within the skulls), and that the earliest of the remains were dug up in the 13th century when the church was extended eastwards over their graves by the addition of the large chancel. It is also suggested that the collection includes bones from four other graveyards in the Hythe area that are said to have fallen out of use and closed by 1500.
No accurate evidence for the date of death of the people has been determined, and estimates range from 12th to 15th centuries, though more likely to be 13th century if it coincides with the building of the chancel. This can only be answered definitively by dating some of the bones using modern carbon dating techniques, but this project would require significant funding.
Origins of the people
It will also be useful to try and determine the origin of the people. A study in 1908 to determine the cephalic index – the ratio of maximum breadth of a skull to its maximum length – to indicate race concluded that a significant number were descendants of people originally from Italy, which could indicate a link with Romans, in view of the Roman port at Lympne (Portus Lemanis) or of visiting traders connected with Hythe’s importance as a medieval trading port.
A group of osteologists started an exercise in 2009 to measure the dimensions of the skulls (through the technique of craniometry) to identify, through a worldwide database, the origin of a small number of the skulls. The initial findings indicate the people are local to Kent.
A collection such as this provides interesting knowledge about the lifestyle of the people concerned through detailed analysis.
A very small number of skulls reveal injury through sharp blows. One in the south-west bay with a hole right through it (see photograph in this section), which for many years was thought to be a result of trepanning – surgical drilling through the skull – has now been analysed as caused by a sharp object, such as a dagger, because of the radiating fractures inside the skull.
Another skull in the south-west bay shows a severe dent caused by a blunt object such as a stone, whilst a skull in the north-east bay indicates injury from a slicing blow by a sword or similar weapon at the back of the head, which was not immediately fatal and healed over time.
A number of bones indicate breakages during the individual’s lifetime and partial healing, whilst others have evidence of arthritis or bone diseases.
One significant feature of the skulls is the proportion showing evidence of cribra orbitalia, signified by the pin-prick holes in the bone surface around the eye sockets. 22% of the skulls appear to be affected by this, much higher than the 10% recorded for English medieval sites. Cribra orbitalia was a symptom of chronic iron deficiency anaemia related to poor diet or infection, although one theory is that it is an indicator of malaria, which occurred in marshy or swampy areas. Another skull, in the south-east bay, has enlarged eye sockets which would show up as bulging eyes known as Graves’ Disease, caused by an over-active thyroid gland.
The general standard of teeth was good, but many of the back molars were worn down through constantly eating rough food. A small
number indicated abscesses whilst about 10% showed pre-death loss of at least one tooth, which points to lack of dental care/treatment. However, holes in teeth, which today would involve fillings, were non-existent, pointing to a sugar-free diet.
A number of studies have taken place since 2008 – by staff and post graduate students of Bournemouth University, by an individual degree student, and by St Leonard’s Osteological Research Group (StLORG), an independent group of forensic scientists and osteologists working in the crypt for two weeks each year.
These studies have resulted in new information being provided about a small number of skulls and bones that have distinctive pathological features. Details of these can be found in a folder in the crypt.
StLORG members have completed a three-year project to catalogue and profile all 1,022 skulls in the four bays of shelves, for which we are indebted to them for this valuable work. Information provided from this exercise includes more accurate determination of the sex and age at death of each person, and the identification of distinctive features in the shape and size of particular skulls and of evidence of disease or injury. Information from the studies will help us to follow up future research and analytical projects. StLORG’s poster presentation for a national osteological conference in 2011, which summarised their work and initial findings at that time, is on display in the crypt.
These studies, using the latest forensic analysis and measurement techniques, are overturning some long-held arguments as to the causes of death of particular individuals, through evidence from their skulls or bones. They are also dispelling previous evidence of sex and age of some skulls, including a number in the south-east bay which show male/female symbols in ink from a study over 50 years ago but which now appear to be incorrect sex determination.
Identifying juveniles
These latest analytical techniques have helped to identify a larger number of juveniles in the collection than was previously recognised. The age of young people is primarily identified through the eruption and development of teeth. Two very small skulls in the south-west bay, which were argued for many years as being those of dwarfs, have been confirmed by a forensic odontologist (teeth expert) as being children with ages of four and six-seven years respectively, based on their teeth development.
Care and Conservation
All these studies and activities are undertaken with care and respect for the skulls and bones and follow Church of England and English Heritage guidelines for handling human remains. Gloves are worn when handling any skull or bone in the collection. ‘Do not touch’ signs displayed explain the potential harm that hands touching skulls or bones can do through transfer of sweat or grease.
We are now looking at how best we can preserve the collection for the future based on current conservation and practice, for which our small charge for visitors will help in funding practical work.
Future study
We are discussing with other universities possible areas of research or study, whilst some members of StLORG are continuing with follow-up activities.
Our main aims are to try and ascertain more definitively the origin of the people from analysis of a larger sample of skulls, and to seek a more accurate date of death or timeline of the people. The dating may be assessed from identifying in these bones and skulls diseases that were known to exist in medieval populations.
Salt...every human's need in entire life...without salt there is no food and no world...
it is available everywhere...we are seeing very beautiful advertisement about the salt product from various brands...but there is an story behind this product...
Tamil Nadu is one of the few states that produce salt in India. In Tamil Nadu, salt is produced primarily in the three districts of Nagapattinam, Tuticorin and Marakkanam in Villupuram.
This is about the Salt production at Marakkanam in Villupuram Dist.
The salt pan workers work under extremely hazardous conditions. They work with the harsh sun beating down upon them under the open sky and have employment only for about six months in a year.
Their daily wages vary between 35 rupees to 85 rupees (US$ 0.78 to 1.9). Women generally get paid lower than men. In Marakknam, most of the workers belong to the Schedule Caste communities. It is estimated that about 3000 workers exist in Marakkanam area.
While poverty, indebtedness and deprivation are common to all the salt pan workers, the women, as in many other poor communities, become greater victims of poverty. Generally, they suffer from serious gynaecological problems and. malnutrition and anaemia are also very common. They also do not have support systems to take care of their children. They hardly have access to any quality medical care. Since usually both the parents go to work in the salt pans, it is not clear as to who takes care of their children.
I have captured their activities in three seasons ie., initial ground preparation, Salt making and storing, the final one is in the rainy season where the ground is full of water... I had been there many times to see their activities and i used to talk to them about their work and life balance, to be frank I was so shocked while seeing their work on the field...it was so hot and if we continue be there for more than 15min we may feel that the water level in our body will be completely drained out. such a hot and dry day whole day and everyday...
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Every week, teacher Moussa Abdoulaye distributes iron and folic acid supplements to schoolgirls within the framework of the anaemia reduction programme, as part of nutrition projects.
Keeping adolescent girls in school contributes to improving their nutrition status and delays the first pregnancy, but also facilitates the break of the intergenerational cycle of under-nutrition. An underfed young woman is at increased risk of having small birth weight infants.
© Sam Phelps/WFP
Salt...every human's need in entire life...without salt there is no food and no world...
it is available everywhere...we are seeing very beautiful advertisement about the salt product from various brands...but there is an story behind this product...
Tamil Nadu is one of the few states that produce salt in India. In Tamil Nadu, salt is produced primarily in the three districts of Nagapattinam, Tuticorin and Marakkanam in Villupuram.
This is about the Salt production at Marakkanam in Villupuram Dist.
The salt pan workers work under extremely hazardous conditions. They work with the harsh sun beating down upon them under the open sky and have employment only for about six months in a year.
Their daily wages vary between 35 rupees to 85 rupees (US$ 0.78 to 1.9). Women generally get paid lower than men. In Marakknam, most of the workers belong to the Schedule Caste communities. It is estimated that about 3000 workers exist in Marakkanam area.
While poverty, indebtedness and deprivation are common to all the salt pan workers, the women, as in many other poor communities, become greater victims of poverty. Generally, they suffer from serious gynaecological problems and. malnutrition and anaemia are also very common. They also do not have support systems to take care of their children. They hardly have access to any quality medical care. Since usually both the parents go to work in the salt pans, it is not clear as to who takes care of their children.
I have captured their activities in three seasons ie., initial ground preparation, Salt making and storing, the final one is in the rainy season where the ground is full of water... I had been there many times to see their activities and i used to talk to them about their work and life balance, to be frank I was so shocked while seeing their work on the field...it was so hot and if we continue be there for more than 15min we may feel that the water level in our body will be completely drained out. such a hot and dry day whole day and everyday...
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
On 10 October 1908 the Prevention of Quackery Act was passed by the New Zealand Parliament. The Act was intended to prevent the publication of promotional material making false claims for medicines, preparations or appliances.
The leaflet (c.1905) shown here could be an example of what the Act was trying to prevent. Bile Beans for Biliousness were claimed to cure many ailments including indigestion, headaches, stomach troubles, lead poisoning, pimples, eczema, bad breath, liver afflictions, debility, sleeplessness, anaemia, and as shown here “Fulness after Eating”.
It was claimed that the formula for Bile Beans was created by an Australian scientist Charles Forde in 1898, based on research he had conducted on a vegetable source known only to Aboriginal Australians. In reality, Charles Forde did not exist; the name was used as an alias for Charles Fulford, who had no scientific training. According to a 1903 report published in the British Medical Journal, the chief ingredients of Bile Beans were cascara, rhubarb, liquorice and menthol, packaged as a gelatine-coated pill, all ingredients commonly found in pharmacies of the period. The publication “Science Siftings”, mentioned in the leaflet, was not an accepted academic scientific journal. A court case in Scotland in 1905 dismissed a case brought to prevent another product using the same name, the judge saying there was no secret ingredient, and no connection with any plant found in Australia.
This leaflet is from a collection of papers and leaflets formerly held by Hokianga County Council, and now in Archives New Zealand, Auckland Regional Office.
Archives Reference: ZAAP 22145/8e
For updates on our On This Day series and news from Archives New Zealand, follow us on Twitter: www.twitter.com/ArchivesNZ
Material from Archives New Zealand
Additional information from Wikipedia
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
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Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
I slept well until three, then woke up.
And could not go back to sleep.
Oh well.
I played the age old guessing game of what the time might be without having a watch or clock.
Minutes dragged.
We got up at quarter past five, outside it was still dark, and what I could see of the sky seemed to be cloud, which was a shame as I had plans.
Plans, as Monday was a bank holiday and I worked by travelling to Denmark, I had agreed with my boss to take Friday off instead, and whilst I was away, a small colony of Queen of Spains had been found in Walmer. I got the location from a friend, ando so all I needed was the weather to be bright enough for the rare migrant butterflies to come out and bask.
In order to be able to do this, I really needed the car, so that meant dropping Jools off in Hythe and coming back.
Which I did.
Always amazes me that people speed to work in the morning. I understand speeding to get home, but driving like a twat just to get a better parking space is something I don't understand.
Amway, we get to Hythe without serious incident, then I drive home for breakfast, at which point it starts to rain.
Hard.
Rain and chasing butterflies do not mix. At all, so I have little choice but to sit and wait. And write. And edit shots.
Because, I have taken a large number of photographs this month, so I will be editing them well into next month and probably beyond.
Anyway.
It stops raining at about nine, and soon it is drying out, so at then, against my better judgement, I drive to Walmer to hunt the Queens. I manage to find a place to park nearby, and begin hunting where they were spotted the day before.
Even if it had stopped raining, it was cloudy and so dull, and no butterflies were to be seen at first.
Another guy with a camera turned up, and in the end we swapped news. He had driven up from Bristol that morning, and was desperate to see one, while I had at least seen one two years back. I wandered more to the far side of the field, while I stayed near the road.
Oh yes, the field.
The land has been acquired for housing, so that and one the other side of the road are laying fallow this year, and the locals are apparently using it as a dog's toilet. There was literally shit everywhere. In bags and out. Those who throw away full bags of dog shit mystify me. I mean, why?
Anyway, the weak sun does break through, and I charge across the field hoping to see one of the Queens basking. But I see none.
I do get a female Adonis basking, which is the only butterfly I see, except a large white that flies up from a hedge as I walk past and never returns.
I hunted for two hours, in the end leaving at ten past twelve, giving me 50 minutes to get to Hythe to collect Jools from work.
Rain began to fall any way.
So, I drove through the Alkham Valley to Folkestone, then over the downs into Hythe, getting to the factory with ten minutes to spare. And in a few minutes the factory empties and people pile into their cars for the weekend.
Jools comes out and asks, what's the plan?
Fish and chips and then go up to the ossuary?
Yes and OK.
We drove to the old Aldi car park, got the last space and walked to the HIgh Street to the oddly named Torbay of Hythe, and as the lunch rush was over, plenty of tables. I ordered skate and chips, Jools had cod, and we shared a portion of onion rings.
It was a large piece of skate, an inch thick, and I were proper full. Which made the walk up the the church after a bit of a huff and puff.
St Leonard has a crypt, and in it over a thousand skeletons and body parts are stored. Nothing untoward in this, just unusual in the 21st century. I think there is just one other in England.
-------------------------------------------
St Leonard’s Church has the largest and best-preserved collection of ancient human skulls and bones in Britain. The collection consists of shelves in four arched bays that contain 1,000 skulls in total, and a single stack of bones and skulls measuring 7.5m in length, 1.8m in width and just over 1.8m in height. The stack of bones was reassembled on its brick base in 1910.
Size of the collection
Past historians indicated that the collection represents the remains of some 4,000 people, but it is impossible to verify the number of bones in the stack. Our latest estimate is a maximum number of 1,200 skulls in the crypt and the total number of individuals represented as 2,000.
Earliest written and pictorial evidence
The earliest references to the collection are 1678 by Samuel Jeake, then Town Clerk of Rye, and 1679 by Rev Brome, Chaplain to the Cinque Ports, both of whom described ‘an orderly pile of dead men’s bones’ in the ‘charnel house’ on the north side of the church. The earliest known drawings are dated 1787 depicting piles of skulls and bones inside the crypt’s entrance door, and 1820 showing the south-west bay and stack similar to its present appearance. Postcards in the early 1900s with photographs of the crypt show the layout much the same as it is today.
The crypt as a charnel house
The crypt has been referred to as ‘the bonehouse’ and ‘the ossuary’. One suggestion is that it had been a charnel house or chapel, to house de-fleshed, separate bones and that St Leonard’s is one of a number of English medieval charnel chapels underneath churches, as the Hythe crypt resembles the attributes of other such chapels.
Origins of the collection
There have been many theories over the years as to who the people were and how their remains came to be resting in the crypt. These include Danish pirates slain in a battle (from a footnote on the 1787 drawing mentioned above); men who fell in the 1066 Battle of Hastings (handwritten footnote on a 1860s illustration); and Anglo-Saxons killed in battle. Another suggestion refers to the people being victims of the Black Death, but such bodies were usually hastily disposed of in quicklime.
However, these theories have been rejected by an osteologists’ project from 2009 to 2012 involving analysis of all the skulls on the shelves, which found a higher proportion of females than males, and nearly 10% of sub-adults (juveniles).
Our conclusion now is that they were Hythe residents who died over a long period and had been buried in the churchyard (evidenced by the deposits of soil within the skulls), and that the earliest of the remains were dug up in the 13th century when the church was extended eastwards over their previous graves. However, this number of individuals is high for ‘Hythe only’ residents, and the collection probably includes bones from four graveyards in the Hythe area that are said to have fallen out of use and closed by 1500.
No accurate evidence for the date of death of the people has been determined, and estimates range from 12th to 15th centuries, though more likely to be 13th century if it coincides with the building of the chancel.
Origins of the people
There is no clear evidence of where the people originated. Studies, of which the earliest was in 1908, have been undertaken by measuring up to 30 different dimensions of each of a group of skulls (a technique known as craniometry). The 1908 study, based on just the ratio of the maximum breadth of a skull to its maximum length, indicated a number were of Italian descent. This could have been a possible link with the Romans in view of the nearby Roman port at Lympne (Portus Lemanis), or with traders visiting Hythe when it was an important medieval trading port.
The more detailed studies in the past five years indicated that some people could have been of Scandinavian descent, and one or two skulls appear to show African origins. It is hoped that more definitive evidence of origin can be obtained by a possible future isotope analysis study.
Evidence of injury and disease
Such a large collection can provide some interesting knowledge about the lifestyle of the people concerned through detailed analysis.
A small A picture of a damaged skullnumber of skulls indicate injury through sharp blows. One in the south-west bay with a hole right through it (see photograph to the left) has been suggested to be either a result of trepanning (surgical drilling through the skull), or caused by a sharp object, such as a dagger, because of the radiating fractures inside the skull.
Another skull in the south-west bay shows a severe dent caused by a blunt object such as a stone, whilst a skull in the north-east bay indicates injury from a slicing blow, probably by a sword at the back of the head, which was not immediately fatal because of evidence of healing.
A few bones show breakages during the individual’s lifetime and partial healing, whilst others have evidence of arthritis or bone diseases.
One significant feature of the skulls is the proportion showing evidence of cribra orbitalia, which was a symptom of chronic iron deficiency anaemia related to poor diet and/or infections. The evidence for this comes from pin-prick holes in the bone surface around the eye sockets. 22% of the skulls appear to be affected by this, with a higher proportion among the skulls of young people. The overall proportion in Hythe is much higher than the 10% recorded for English medieval sites. Another indicator of the disease could be malaria, which occurs in marshy or swampy areas.
The standard of teeth still present in the skulls varies, with many of the back molars worn down through constantly eating rough food. A number indicate abscesses and about 10% show pre-death loss of at least one tooth, pointing to lack of dental care/treatment. However, holes in teeth (which would now be treated by fillings) are non-existent, pointing to a sugar-free diet. A lower jaw (in one of the cabinets) shows teeth on either side sloping outwards due to wear. This could indicate that the individual used his/her teeth for a particular purpose, possibly related to occupation.
Recent and current analysis and study
Several studies have taken place since 2008 – by staff and post graduate students of Bournemouth University, by St Leonard’s Osteological Research Group (StLORG), an independent group of forensic scientists and osteologists, and since 2015 by the University of Kent Biological Anthropology lecturer and final-year degree students.
StLORG members completed a three-year project to catalogue and profile all 1,022 skulls on the shelves, to identify the sex and age at death of each person, as well as analysing distinctive features on the skull from injury or disease.
The Kent University projects have focused on measurements of skulls to determine origin, and a study of skulls that show evidence of cribra orbitalia.
Identifying children and young people
New techniques have also identified a larger number of children and young people (termed as ‘sub-adults’ in forensic studies) than was previously recognised. The age of children and young people can be determined from the eruption and development of teeth. Two very small skulls in the south-west bay, which were argued for many years as being those of dwarfs, have been confirmed by a forensic odontologist (teeth expert) as being children aged four and six-seven years respectively, based on their teeth development.
Care and Conservation
All these studies and activities are undertaken with care and respect for the skulls and bones and follow Church of England and English Heritage guidelines for handling human remains. Gloves are worn when handling any skull or bone in the collection. ‘Do not touch’ signs displayed explain the potential harm that hands touching skulls or bones can cause through transfer of sweat or grease.
We are now looking at how best we can preserve the collection for the future based on current conservation practice, for which our small charge for visitors will help in funding practical work.
Media coverage
The skulls and bones have been the subject of increased media coverage since 2010. Various TV companies have included short items in historical, antiques, Great British Railway Journeys (with Michael Portillo) and regional news programmes, the most recent being BBC One South East Today in summer 2017. National and local press coverage has highlighted St Leonard’s Church crypt as a place to visit.
Future study
Our aim is to develop our working relationship with the University of Kent biological anthropology staff and students on further studies to advance our knowledge about the origin of the people, and their health and lifestyle.
We shall continue to welcome staff and students from other academic institutions to undertake projects which will benefit their studies and enhance our visitor experience.
The Parish of St Leonard, Hythe
Oak Walk
Hythe
Kent
CT21 5DN
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A large civic church, as befits one of the original Cinque Ports. Traces of the Norman building may still be seen in the blocked round-headed windows in the north wall of the nave and the excellent Norman arch at the east end of the south aisle. The chancel is thirteenth century in origin, completed by Pearson in 1886. The pulpit is a great piece of Victorian craftsmanship, designed by George Edmund Street in 1876. The three-light stained glass in the east window is by Wallace Wood and dates from 1951. There are Royal Arms of the reign of William and Mary. The chancel has a triforium gallery, an unexpected find in a parish church. A circular staircase runs from the north-west corner linking the triforium, rood loft and roof. Under the chancel is an interesting processional passage, open to the public during the summer, which contains hundreds of skulls collected from the churchyard during clearances. In the churchyard is the grave of Lionel Lukin, who obtained a patent for his invention - the lifeboat - in 1785.
www.kentchurches.info/church.asp?p=Hythe
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The PARISH OF HYTHE is within the ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION of the diocese of Canterbury, and deanry of Eleham.
The church, which is dedicated to St. Leonard, is a fine handsome building, consisting of three isles, a north and south cross, and three chancels, with a tower steeple at the west end, in which are six bells and a clock. The church stands on the side of a high and steep hill, a considerable height above any of the town, having a very large church-yard adjoining, mostly on the west and north sides, in the middle of which is a large open well of water, under a cove of the quarry stone. There is a very handsome flight of many stone steps up to the church, given by William Glanville, representative in 1729. The room over the porch at the entrance, is the town-hall, where the mayor and other members of it are yearly chosen. The tower, built in the room of the old one, which suddenly fell down in 1748, was rebuilt, and the church repaired, by a brief. It is a very fine one, of excellent masonry of quarry stone, with ashlar quoins and ornaments, and has four turrets on the top. The middle isle has, not long since, been paved with Portland stone, and new pewed. There are two galleries; one built at the charge of the parish, in 1750; the other by Hercules Baker and William Glanville, representatives, in 1734. In the middle hangs a handsome brass branch. This isle has a row of small upper windows on each side, being an upper story in the choir fashion. The south cross, at the time the tower was new built, and the church repaired, was taken down by the family of Deedes and rebuilt by them, with a vault of its full size underneath, for their burial, which was finished in 1751, at their own charge; for this, and for appropriating to themselves and servants four pews in this isle, they obtained a faculty. This cross isle or chancel is paved with Portland stone, and is separated from the south isle by an iron railing. In it are several monuments of the Deedes family. On the west side of the north cross, there appears on the outside to have been an antient door-way, the arch over it being circular, with zig zag ornaments, &c. The ground on the outside is nearly up to the spring of the arch, and there are no appearances of it on the inside. The three chancels are very antient indeed, much more so than the isles, from which there is an ascent to each; the pillars in them are inclustered with small ones of Bethersden marble, and both the arches and windows very beautiful and lofty. The middle or high chancel has a grand approach, having eight steps to it from the middle isle, and three more towards the altar. The windows are very light and losty, especially the three at the east end, which are remarkably elegant. There are, round the upper part of it and on the south side, small double arches and Bethersden pillars, similar to those on the sides of the choir in Canterbury cathedral. The whole is new paved with Portland stone. The north chancel, which, as well as the opposite one, has a rise of steps from the isle, has no inscription in it. The pillars of both these chancels have an unusually large base, of near three feet high, and about five feet square, upon the surface of the pavement. The rector formerly repaired the high chancel; but on account of the smallness of his living, the parish took upon themselves the repair of it, and in lieu assessed him to a small portion of the church rate. In this church are numbers of monuments and memorials; among others, for the family of Deedes, for the Master's and Collins's. Memorials for Isaac Rutton, lieutenant of Dover castle, obt. 1683; for Henry Estday, gent. obt. 1610; for Robert Kelway, A. M. rector of Hope, &c. obt. 1759. An inscription on brass for John Bredgman, the last bailiff and the first mayor of Hythe, obt. 24 Elizabeth, 1581. For several of the Knights, arms, A chevron, between three birds ; and a monument for Robinson Bean, gent. ten times mayor here, &c. &c.
Leland says, as has been already mentioned before, that it evidently appeared, where the church now is was once an abbey, and the ruins of the offices belonging to it were in his time to be seen, near the spring in the church-yard; but there have been no traces of any such buildings for a long time, nor any mention made of such foundation by any other writer.
In the cript or vault under the east end of the middle chancel, is piled up that vast quantity of human sculls and bones, so often mentioned in this history, the pile of them being twenty-eight feet in length, and eight feet in height and breadth. They are by the most probable conjectures supposed to have been the remains of the Britons, slain in a bloody battle, fought on the shore between this place and Folkestone, with the retreating Saxons, in the year 456, and to have attained their whiteness by lying for some length of time exposed on the sea shore. Several of the sculls have deep cuts in them, as if made by some heavy weapon, most likely of the Saxons.
¶Leland's authority has been mentioned for there having been four parish churches, viz. St. Nicholas, Our Lady, St. Michael, and Our Lady of Westhithe, at the time this town was in its greatest prosperity, which were then clean destroyed, as he expresses it; and that there remained the ruins of them and the church-yards in his time. And though I meet with no other mention of them by other writers, yet there are probable circumstances, to think there were once more parishes and their churches here than the present parish and church of St. Leonard; for it appears by the map of the hospital lands, made in 1685, that there is a field about half a mile westward from Hythe church, called St. Nicholas's church-yard, with some ruins of a building at the south-west corner of it. Upon the side of the quarry-hills, between Hythe town and West Hythe, is another field, called St. Michael's Ash, probably from that church having been once near it. This will account for two of these churches, Our Lady of West Hythe is the third, and the fourth which he calls Our Lady, I should think means the present church, which might perhaps in early times be so called. However, I find the present one of St. Leonard, mentioned as the only parish church of Hythe as early as the 8th of Richard II. several years before the dreadful conflagration abovementioned happened, which is said to have been the ruin of the town of Hythe. This church of St. Leonard being exempt from the jurisdiction of the arch deacon, has always been accounted as a chapel of ease to the adjoining church of Saltwood, to the manor of which this borough of Hythe was ever appurtenant; accordingly it is, with that rectory, in the patronage of the archbishop, the rector of Saltwood being collated and inducted to the rectory of Saltwood, with the chapel of Hythe appurtenant to it.
It is included in the king's books in the valuation of the rectory of Saltwood. In 1588 here were communicants five hundred and sixty.
There was formerly a chantry in this church, which was suppressed with others of the same kind anno I and 2 Edward VI. when the incumbent William Decon, had a yearly pension of six pounds (fn. 21).
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
The Jack Russell Terrier is a British breed of small terrier. It is principally white-bodied and smooth-, rough- or broken-coated, and can be any colour.
It derives from dogs bred and used for fox-hunting in North Devon in the early nineteenth century by a country parson, Jack Russell – for whom the breed is named – and has similar origins to the modern Fox Terrier. Though closely similar, it is a distinct and different breed from the Parson Russell Terrier.[3]
Jack Russells are an energetic breed that rely on a high level of exercise and stimulation. They are relatively free from any serious health complaints. It has gone through several changes over the years, corresponding to different use and breed standards set by kennel clubs. Recognition by kennel clubs for the Jack Russell breed has been opposed by the breed's parent societies – which resulted in the breeding and recognition of the Parson Russell terrier. Jack Russells have appeared many times in film, television, and print – with several historical dogs of note.
History
Sporting parson
"A black and white drawing of a white dog with black markings on the face. The image is in profile with the dog facing left."
A drawing of Trump, the dog purchased by the Rev. John Russell.
The small white fox-working terriers we know today were first bred by the Reverend John "Jack" Russell, a parson and hunting enthusiast born in 1795,[4] and they can trace their origin to the now extinct English white terrier.[5] Difficulty in differentiating the dog from the creature it was pursuing brought about the need for a mostly white dog,[6] and so in 1819 during his last year of university at Exeter College, Oxford,[7] he purchased a small white and tan terrier female named Trump from a local milkman[8] in the nearby small hamlet of Elsfield[9] or Marston.[10] Trump epitomised his ideal Fox Terrier,[11] which, at the time, was a term used for any terrier which was used to bolt foxes out of their burrows.[5] Her colouring was described as "...white, with just a patch of dark tan over each eye and ear; whilst a similar dot, not larger than a penny piece, marks the root of the tail."[12] Davies, a friend of Russell's, wrote: "Trump was such an animal as Russell had only seen in his dreams".[7] She was the basis for a breeding program to develop a terrier with high stamina for the hunt as well as the courage and formation to chase out foxes that had gone to ground.[13] By the 1850s, these dogs were recognised as a distinct breed.[14]
An important attribute in this dog was a tempered aggressiveness that would provide the necessary drive to pursue and bolt the fox, without resulting in physical harm to the quarry and effectively ending the chase, which was considered unsporting.[15] Russell was said to have prided himself that his terriers never tasted blood.[14] This line of terriers developed by John Russell was well respected for those qualities, and his dogs were often taken on by hunt enthusiasts. It is unlikely, however, that any dogs alive today can be proved to be descendants from Trump, as Russell was forced to sell all his dogs on more than one occasion because of financial difficulty, and had only four aged (and non-breeding) terriers left when he died in 1883.[16]
The Fox terrier and Jack Russell terrier type dogs of today are all descended from dogs of that period. However, documented pedigrees earlier than 1862 have not been found. Several records remain of documented breeding by John Russell between the 1860s and 1880s. The Fox Terrier Club was formed in 1875 with Russell as one of the founder members; its breed standard was aspiration, and not a description of how the breed appeared then. By the start of the 20th century, the Fox Terrier had altered more towards the modern breed, but in some parts of the country the old style of John Russell's terriers remained, and it is from those dogs that the modern Jack Russell type has descended.[7]
Many breeds can claim heritage to the early Fox Terrier of this period, including the Brazilian Terrier, Japanese Terrier, Miniature Fox Terrier, Ratonero Bodeguero Andaluz, Rat Terrier, and Tenterfield Terrier.[17]
After John Russell
Carlisle Tack, a Fox terrier born in 1884, who was owned by John Russell.[18]
Following Russell's death, the only people who made serious efforts to continue those strains were two men, one in Chislehurst with the surname of East, and another in Cornwall named Archer. East, at one point, had several couples, all of which were descended from one of Russell's dogs. The type aimed for were not as big as the show Fox Terrier and were usually less than 7 kg (15 lb).[6]
Arthur Blake Heinemann created the first breed standard and, in 1894, he founded the Devon and Somerset Badger Club, the aims of which were to promote badger digging rather than fox hunting, and the breeding of terriers suitable for this purpose. Terriers were acquired from Nicholas Snow of Oare, and they were likely descended from Russell's original dogs, as Russell would probably have hunted at some point with Snow's hunting club and is likely to have provided at least some of their original terriers.[7] By the turn of the 20th century, Russell's name had become associated with this breed of dog.[19]
The club was later renamed the Parson Jack Russell Terrier Club.[7] Badger digging required a different type of dog than fox hunting, and it is likely that Bull Terrier stock was introduced to strengthen the breed, which may have caused the creation of a shorter legged variety of Jack Russell terrier that started to appear around this period. At the same time that a split was appearing between show and working Fox terriers, a further split was occurring between two different types of white terrier, both carrying Jack Russell's name.[6] Heinemann was invited to judge classes for working terriers at Crufts with an aim to bring working terriers back into the show ring and influence those that disregard working qualities in dogs. These classes were continued for several years by various judges, but Charles Cruft dropped the attempt as the classes were never heavily competed. Following Heinemann's death in 1930, the kennel and leadership of the club passed to Annie Harris, but the club itself folded shortly before World War II.[6][7]
Post-World War II
Following World War II, the requirement for hunting dogs drastically declined, and with it the numbers of Jack Russell terriers. The dogs were increasingly used as family and companion dogs.[citation needed]
The Jack Russell Terrier Club of America (JRTCA) was formed in 1976 by Ailsa Crawford, one of the first Jack Russell terrier breeders in the United States. Size ranges for dogs were kept broad, with the ability of working dogs awarded higher than those in conformation shows. An open registry was maintained, with restricted line breeding. Registration for the club is made at adulthood for Jack Russells, rather than at birth, to ensure the breed's qualities remain, given the open registry.[20]
Several breed clubs appeared in the United Kingdom during the 1970s to promote the breed, including the Jack Russell Club of Great Britain (JRTCGB) and the South East Jack Russell Terrier Club (SEJRTC). The JRTCGB promoted the range of sizes that remain in its standards today, whereas the SEJRTC set a minimum height for dogs at 33 cm (13 in). While the JRTCGB sought to ensure that the breed's working ability remained through non-recognition with other breed registries, the SEJRTC activity sought recognition with the UK Kennel club.[21] In 1983, the Parson Jack Russell Club of Great Britain (PJRTCGB) was resurrected to seek Kennel Club recognition for the breed. Although the application was initially rejected, a new standard was created for the PJRTCGB based on the standard of the SEJRTC, and under that standard the breed was recognised by the Kennel Club in 1990 as the Parson Jack Russell terrier.[22] Jack was dropped from the official name in 1999, and the recognised name of the breed became the Parson Russell Terrier.[23]
In the late 1990s, the American Kennel Club explored the possibility of recognising the Jack Russell Terrier.[24] This move was opposed by the Jack Russell Terrier Club of America as they did not want the breed to lose its essential working characteristics.[25] The Jack Russell Terrier Breeders Association formed and petitioned the AKC; the breed's admission was granted in 2001. Under the AKC-recognised standard, the size of the breed was narrowed from the previous club's standard, and the name of the AKC-recognised Jack Russell Terrier was changed to Parson Russell Terrier,[26] with the Jack Russell Terrier Breeders Association renamed to the Parson Russell Terrier Association of America.[24]
The Australian National Kennel Council (ANKC) and the New Zealand Kennel Club (NZCK) are some of national kennel associations that register both the Jack Russell terrier and the Parson Russell terrier;[27] however, the size requirements for the Jack Russell terrier under both those standards would classify a dog as a Russell terrier in the United States.[28] In 2009, there were 1073 Jack Russells registered with the ANKC, compared to 18 for the Parson Russell terrier.[29] Other modern breeds are often mistaken for modern Jack Russell terriers, including their cousin the Parson Russell terrier,[30] the Tenterfield terrier,[31] and the Rat Terrier.[32] Several other modern breeds exist that descended from the early Fox Terrier breed, including the Brazilian Terrier, Japanese Terrier, Miniature Fox Terrier, Ratonero Bodeguero Andaluz, Rat Terrier, and Tenterfield Terrier.[33]
A Jack Russell terrier wearing a dog harness
A Jack Russell terrier wearing a dog harness
A working Jack Russell terrier exits a den pipe
A working Jack Russell terrier exits a den pipe
Jack Russell Terriers playing with a ball
Jack Russell Terriers playing with a ball
A Jack Russell Terrier brings a stick
A Jack Russell Terrier brings a stick
Description
"Three mostly white terriers with different markings stand up over a log"
Jack Russell terriers come in a variety of coat types, and with a range of markings
An example of a broken coated Jack Russell terrier
Due to their working nature, Jack Russell terriers remain much as they were some 200 years ago.[34] They are sturdy, tough, and tenacious, measuring between 25–38 cm (10–15 in) at the withers,[35] and weigh 6–8 kg (14–18 lb).[citation needed] The body length must be in proportion to the height, and the dog should present a compact, balanced image. Predominantly white in coloration (more than 51%) with black and/or brown and/or tan markings,[35] they exhibit either a smooth, rough or a combination of both which is known as a broken coat. A broken-coated dog may have longer hair on the tail or face than that which is seen on a smooth-coated dog.[36]
An example of a rough-coated Jack Russell terrier
The head should be of moderate width at the ears, narrowing to the eyes, and slightly flat between the ears. There should be a defined but not overpronounced stop at the end of the muzzle where it meets the head, and a black nose. The jaw should be powerful and well boned with a scissor bite and straight teeth. The eyes are almond shaped and dark coloured and should be full of life and intelligence. Small V-shaped ears of moderate thickness are carried forward on the head.[citation needed] When the dog is alert, the tip of the V should not extend past the outer corner of the eyes. The tail is set high and in the past was docked to approximately 10 cm (5 in) in order to provide a sufficient hand-hold for gripping the terrier.[citation needed]
The Jack Russell should always appear balanced and alert.[35] The red fox is the traditional quarry of the Jack Russell terrier, so the working Jack Russell must be small enough to pursue it. Red foxes vary in size, but across the world, they average from 6–8 kg (13–17 lb) in weight and have an average chest size of 30–36 cm (12–14 in) at the widest part.[37]
Differences from related breeds
The Parson Russell terrier (pictured) shares a common ancestry with the Jack Russell terrier.
The Jack Russell terrier and Parson Russell Terrier breeds are similar, sharing a common origin, but have several marked differences – the most notable being the range of acceptable heights.[38] Other differences in the Parson Russell can include a longer head and larger chest as well as overall a larger body size.[39] The height of a Parson Russell at the withers according to the breed standard is 30–36 cm (12–14 in) which places it within the range of the Jack Russell Terrier Club of America's standard size for a Jack Russell of 25–38 cm (10–15 in). However, the Parson Russell is a conformation show standard whereas the Jack Russell standard is a more general working standard.[40]
The Russell Terrier, which is also sometimes called the English Jack Russell terrier or the Short Jack Russell terrier is a generally smaller related breed.[41] Both the breed standards of the American Russell Terrier Club and the English Jack Russell Terrier Club Alliance states that at the withers it should be an ideal height of 20–30 cm (8–12 in).[42][43] Although sometimes called the English or Irish Jack Russell terrier,[44] this is not the recognised height of Jack Russells in the United Kingdom. According to the Jack Russell Club of Great Britain's breed standard, it is the same size as the standard for Jack Russells in the United States, 25–38 cm (10–15 in).[45] Compared to the Parson Russell Terrier, the Russell Terrier should always be longer than tall at the withers, whereas the Parson Russell's points should be of equal distance.[46] The Fédération Cynologique Internationale standard for the Jack Russell terrier has this smaller size listed as a requirement.[47] Terrierman Eddie Chapman, who has hunted in Devon for more than 30 years, the same area that John Russell himself hunted, notes that, "I can state categorically that if given the choice, ninety-nine percent of hunt terrier men would buy an under 12 in (30 cm) worker, if it was available, over a 14 in (36 cm) one."[48]
Temperament
Jack Russell terriers have a high energy level.
Jack Russells are first and foremost a working terrier.[49] Originally bred to bolt foxes from their dens during hunts, they are used on numerous ground-dwelling quarry such as groundhog, badger, otter, and red and grey fox.[50] The working Jack Russell terrier is required to locate quarry in the earth, and then either bolt it or hold it in place until they are dug to.[51] To accomplish this, the dog will not bark but will expect attention to the quarry continuously. Because the preservation of this working ability is of highest importance to most registered JRTCA/JRTCGB breeders, Jack Russells tend to be extremely intelligent, athletic, fearless, and vocal dogs.[13] It is not uncommon for these dogs to become moody or destructive if not properly stimulated and exercised, as they have a tendency to bore easily and will often create their own fun when left alone to entertain themselves, leading to the semi-affectionate nickname among suburban pet dogs of "Jack Russell Terrorist".[52]
Their high energy and drive make these dogs ideally suited to a number of different dog sports such as flyball or agility.[53] Obedience classes are also recommended to potential owners,[50] as Jack Russells can be stubborn at times and aggressive towards other animals and humans if not properly socialized.[13] Despite their small size, these dogs are not recommended for the condominium or apartment dweller unless the owner is ready to take on the daunting task of providing the dog with the necessary amount of exercise and stimulation. They have a tremendous amount of energy for their size,[52] a fact which can sometimes lead to trouble involving larger animals.[54]
Health
Jack Russell running
Trump, 2002 USDAA National/World Agility Champion – 12" division
The breed has a reputation for being healthy with a long lifespan.[citation needed] Breeders have protected the gene pool, and direct in-line breeding has been prevented. Jack Russells can live from 13 to 16 years given proper care.[44] However, certain lines have been noted for having specific health concerns and, therefore, could occur in any line or generation because of recessive genes. These issues can include hereditary cataracts, ectopia lentis, congenital deafness, patellar luxation, ataxia, myasthenia gravis, Legg–Calvé–Perthes syndrome, and von Willebrand disease.[44]
Being a hunt-driven dog, the Jack Russell will usually pursue most creatures that it encounters. This includes the skunk, and the breed is prone to skunk toxic shock syndrome.[55] The chemical in the skunk spray is absorbed by the dog and causes the red blood cells to undergo haemolysis, which can occasionally lead to fatal anaemia and kidney failure. If sprayed underground, it can also cause chemical burning of the cornea. Treatments are available to flush the toxin out of the dog's system.[56]
Eye disorders
Lens luxation, also known as ectopia lentis is the most common hereditary disorder in Jack Russell terriers. Even so, this condition is not a common occurrence in the breed. Most frequently appearing in dogs between the ages of 3 and 8 years old, it is where the lens in one or both eyes becomes displaced. There are two types, posterior luxation (where the lens slips to the back of the eye) and anterior luxation (where the lens slips forward). Posterior luxation is the less severe of the two types, as the eye can appear normal although the dog's eyesight will be affected. In anterior luxation, the lens can slip forward and rub against the cornea, damaging it. Anterior luxation also has a high probability of causing glaucoma which can lead to partial or complete blindness. Treatment is available and may include both medical and surgical options. Secondary lens luxation is caused by trauma to the eye and is not hereditary.[57] The condition appears in a number of terrier breeds as well as the Border collie, Brittany and Cardigan Welsh corgi.[58]
Cataracts can affect any breed of dog and is the same condition as seen in humans. Here the lens of the eye hardens and is characterised by cloudiness in the eye.[58][59] Cataracts will blur the dog's vision and can lead to permanent blindness if left untreated. While considered mainly a hereditary disease, it can also be caused by diabetes, old age, radiation, eye injury or exposure to high temperatures.[59]
Musculoskeletal conditions
Patellar luxation, also known as luxating patella, is a hereditary disorder affecting the knees. It is where the kneecap slips off the groove on which it normally sits. The effects can be temporary with the dog running while holding its hind leg in the air before running on it again once the kneecap slipped back into place as if nothing has happened. Dogs can have a problem with both rear knees, and complications can include arthritis or torn knee ligaments. Severe cases can require surgery.[60] Some are prone to dislocation of the kneecaps, inherited eye diseases, deafness and Legg Perthes—a disease of the hip joints of small dog breeds. Prone to mast cell tumors. Legg–Calvé–Perthes syndrome, also called Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head, is where the ball section of the femur in the hip joint deteriorates following interruption of the blood flow and is the same condition as in humans.[61] In dogs, this causes lameness of the hind-legs, the thigh muscles to atrophy and pain in the joint.[62] It usually occurs between 6–12 months of age and has been documented in a variety of other terrier breeds including the Border terrier, Lakeland terrier, and Wheaten terrier.[61]
Well-known Jack Russell terriers
His Master's Voice (1898) by Francis Barraud
Nipper was a dog born in 1884 who was thought to be a dog of the Jack Russell terrier type.[63] He was the inspiration for the painting Dog looking at and listening to a Phonograph, later renamed His Master's Voice. The painting was used by a variety of music related companies including The Gramophone Company, EMI, the Victor Talking Machine Company, and RCA. Today it remains in use incorporated into the logo for HMV in the UK and Europe.[64]
A Jack Russell named Bothie made history in 1982 as part of the Transglobe Expedition. Owned by explorers Ranulph and Ginny Fiennes, he became the first dog to travel to both the North and South Poles.[65][66] This feat is unlikely to be repeated, as all dogs have been banned from Antarctica by the Antarctic Treaty nations since 1994, due to fears that they could transmit diseases to the native seal population.[67] Ranulph Fiennes and Charles Burton actually made the trip to the north pole by powered sledges before signalling to the base camp that they had arrived. To celebrate their achievement, a plane was sent out to take the two men champagne, along with Bothie.[68]
On 29 April 2007, a Jack Russell named George saved five children at a carnival in New Zealand from an attack by two pit bulls. He was reported to have charged at them and held them at bay long enough for the children to get away. Killed by the pit bulls, he was posthumously awarded the PDSA Gold Medal in 2009, the animal equivalent of the George Cross. A statue has been erected in Manaia, New Zealand, in his memory.[69] A former US Marine also donated to George's owner a Purple Heart award he had received for service in Vietnam.[70]
In 2019, Boris Johnson and his partner Carrie Symonds took a Jack Russell cross from an animal rescue charity in Wales.[71] The dog's name is Dilyn and he became a famous dog at a polling station in the general election.[72][73]
During the ongoing 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, a 2-year old Jack Russell named Patron has been working with the State Emergency Service of Ukraine to sniff out Russian explosives. As of April 20, 2022, the Ukrainian Government announced that he had located nearly 90 explosives.[74]
On screen and in literature
In the UK, one of the more recognisable canine stars was restaurateur and chef Rick Stein's irrepressible terrier Chalky,[75] who frequently upstaged his owner on his various cookery series.[76] He had his own line of merchandise, including plushes, tea towels, art prints, art paw prints and two real ales – Chalky's Bite and Chalky's Bark,[77] which won gold in the Quality Drink Awards 2009.[78] Chalky was given a BBC obituary when he died in 2007.[79]
Moose and his son Enzo played the role of Eddie on the long-running American TV sitcom Frasier.[75] Eddie belonged to lead character Frasier's father Martin Crane, and constantly "stole the show" with his deadpan antics, receiving more fan mail than any other Frasier character.[80] Moose and Enzo also starred as Skip in the 2000 film My Dog Skip.
Soccer was a Jack Russell who became the star of the American TV series Wishbone, which aired from 1995 to 2001.[21] In the 2009 movie Hotel for Dogs, Friday, one of the main characters is a Jack Russell, played by the dog actor Cosmo.[81] Cosmo went on to appear in the films Paul Blart: Mall Cop and Beginners.[82]
Uggie (2002–2015) was an animal actor, appearing in commercials starting in 2005 and in the films Water for Elephants and The Artist, both in 2011.[83] In the same year, based on interest following The Artist, the "Consider Uggie" campaign was launched, which attempted to gain the dog a nomination for an Academy Award.[84] In 2012, Uggie was named Nintendo's first-ever spokesdog.[85]
Sykes (est. 2001 - 2019) was a dog actor from Clifton, Oxfordshire, England. He was best known in the UK for his appearance as "Harvey" in Thinkbox's three television commercials, and, under his real name in five seasons of Midsomer Murders. He also appeared in several Hollywood blockbusters, as well as in a UK TV movie, several series and miniseries. He retired in 2016 after a long career on the big and small screen. Sykes was also a champion agility competitor.
A clever Jack Russel Terrier, named Jack, played a central role in the 1980s TV adventure series Tales of the Gold Monkey.
K.K. Slider is a Jack Russell who is a main character in the Animal Crossing series developed by Nintendo. K.K. is a musician who performs to the townsfolk. He has appeared in every Animal Crossing game to date since the original Animal Crossing game in 2001 to Animal Crossing: New Horizons in 2020.
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Urtica dioica is a stinging perennial growing to 1.2 m (4ft) by 1 m (3ft 3in) at a fast rate. It is not frost tender. It is in leaf 11-Mar It is in flower from May to October, and the seeds ripen from Jun to October. The flowers are dioecious (individual flowers are either male or female, but only one sex is to be found on any one plant so both male and female plants must be grown if seed is required) and are pollinated by Wind.The plant is not self-fertile. It is noted for attracting wildlife. Waste ground, hedgerows, woods etc, preferring a rich soil and avoiding acid soils. Temperate regions throughout the world, including Britain.
Young leaves - cooked as a potherb and added to soups etc. They can also be dried for winter use. Nettles are a very valuable addition to the diet, they are a very nutritious food that is easily digested and is high in minerals (especially iron) and vitamins (especially A and C). Only use young leaves (see the notes above on toxicity) and wear stout gloves when harvesting them to prevent being stung. Cooking the leaves, or thoroughly drying them, neutralizes the sting, rendering the leaf safe to eat. The young shoots, harvested in the spring when 15 - 20cm long complete with the underground stem are very nice. Old leaves can be laxative. The plants are harvested commercially for extraction of the chlorophyll, which is used as a green colouring agent (E140) in foods and medicines. A tea is made from the dried leaves, it is warming on a winters day. A bland flavour, it can be added as a tonic to China tea. The juice of the leaves, or a decoction of the herb, can be used as a rennet substitute in curdling plant milks. Nettle beer is brewed from the young shoots.
Nettles have a long history of use in the home as a herbal remedy and nutritious addition to the diet. A tea made from the leaves has traditionally been used as a cleansing tonic and blood purifier so the plant is often used in the treatment of hay fever, arthritis, anaemia etc. The whole plant is antiasthmatic, antidandruff, astringent, depurative, diuretic, galactogogue, haemostatic, hypoglycaemic and a stimulating tonic. An infusion of the plant is very valuable in stemming internal bleeding[4], it is also used to treat anaemia, excessive menstruation, haemorrhoids, arthritis, rheumatism and skin complaints, especially eczema. Externally, the plant is used to treat skin complaints, arthritic pain, gout, sciatica, neuralgia, haemorrhoids, hair problems etc. The fresh leaves of nettles have been rubbed or beaten onto the skin in the treatment of rheumatism etc. This practice, called urtification, causes intense irritation to the skin as it is stung by the nettles. It is believed that this treatment works in two ways. Firstly, it acts as a counter-irritant, bringing more blood to the area to help remove the toxins that cause rheumatism. Secondly, the formic acid from the nettles is believed to have a beneficial effect upon the rheumatic joints. For medicinal purposes, the plant is best harvested in May or June as it is coming into flower and dried for later use. This species merits further study for possible uses against kidney and urinary system ailments. The juice of the nettle can be used as an antidote to stings from the leaves and an infusion of the fresh leaves is healing and soothing as a lotion for burns. The root has been shown to have a beneficial effect upon enlarged prostate glands. A homeopathic remedy is made from the leaves. It is used in the treatment of rheumatic gout, nettle rash and chickenpox, externally is applied to bruises. The German Commission E Monographs, a therapeutic guide to herbal medicine, approve Urtica dioica Stinging Nettle for rheumatic ailments (internal use of leaf), irrigation therapy, for inflammatory disease of the lower urinary tract and prevention of kidney 'gravel' formation, urination difficulty from benign prostatic hyperplasia.
A strong flax-like fibre is obtained from the stems. Used for making string and cloth, it also makes a good quality paper. It is harvested as the plant begins to die down in early autumn and is retted before the fibres are extracted. The fibre is produced in less abundance than from flax (Linun usitatissimum) and is also more difficult to extract. The plant matter left over after the fibres have been extracted are a good source of biomass and have been used in the manufacture of sugar, starch, protein and ethyl alcohol. An oil obtained from the seeds is used as an illuminant. An essential ingredient of 'QR' herbal compost activator. This is a dried and powdered mixture of several herbs that can be added to a compost heap in order to speed up bacterial activity and thus shorten the time needed to make the compost. The leaves are also an excellent addition to the compost heap and they can be soaked for 7 - 21 days in water to make a very nutritious liquid feed for plants. This liquid feed is both insect repellent and a good foliage feed. The growing plant increases the essential oil content of other nearby plants, thus making them more resistant to insect pests. Although many different species of insects feed on nettles, flies are repelled by the plant so a bunch of freshly cut stems has been used as a repellent in food cupboards. The juice of the plant, or a decoction formed by boiling the herb in a strong solution of salt, will curdle milks and thus acts as a rennet substitute. This same juice, if rubbed into small seams of leaky wooden tubs, will coagulate and make the tub watertight again. A hair wash is made from the infused leaves and this is used as a tonic and anti-dandruff treatment. A beautiful and permanent green dye is obtained from a decoction of the leaves and stems. A yellow dye is obtained from the root when boiled with alum.
JACKIE LEWIN, EM UNIT, UCL MEDICAL SCHOOL, ROYAL FREE CAMPUS
This image shows two red blood cells. The one in the front has been affected by sickle-cell anaemia, and displays the characteristic sickle shape (a flattened 'C' shape) common to the disease. Scanning electron micrograph.
Salt...every human's need in entire life...without salt there is no food and no world...
it is available everywhere...we are seeing very beautiful advertisement about the salt product from various brands...but there is an story behind this product...
Tamil Nadu is one of the few states that produce salt in India. In Tamil Nadu, salt is produced primarily in the three districts of Nagapattinam, Tuticorin and Marakkanam in Villupuram.
This is about the Salt production at Marakkanam in Villupuram Dist.
The salt pan workers work under extremely hazardous conditions. They work with the harsh sun beating down upon them under the open sky and have employment only for about six months in a year.
Their daily wages vary between 35 rupees to 85 rupees (US$ 0.78 to 1.9). Women generally get paid lower than men. In Marakknam, most of the workers belong to the Schedule Caste communities. It is estimated that about 3000 workers exist in Marakkanam area.
While poverty, indebtedness and deprivation are common to all the salt pan workers, the women, as in many other poor communities, become greater victims of poverty. Generally, they suffer from serious gynaecological problems and. malnutrition and anaemia are also very common. They also do not have support systems to take care of their children. They hardly have access to any quality medical care. Since usually both the parents go to work in the salt pans, it is not clear as to who takes care of their children.
I have captured their activities in three seasons ie., initial ground preparation, Salt making and storing, the final one is in the rainy season where the ground is full of water... I had been there many times to see their activities and i used to talk to them about their work and life balance, to be frank I was so shocked while seeing their work on the field...it was so hot and if we continue be there for more than 15min we may feel that the water level in our body will be completely drained out. such a hot and dry day whole day and everyday...
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
In loving memory of
William
Beloved husband of
Elizabeth PERRIN
Died 23rd May 1926
Aged 81
Also his son
Jack
Killed in Action
4th Oct 1917
Aged 34
At Rest
Also
Elizabeth Taylor PERRIN
Died 2nd Oct. 1943
Aged 86
R.I.P.
Area 2 Block N Lot No 97 & 97B
WILLIAM:
Being an ex mariner, it’s a nice touch that there are old large shells on his grave.
Auckland Star, Volume LVII, Issue 122, 25 May 1926, Page 9
Many friends of Mr. William Perrin, of Onehunga, will learn with regret of his death on Sunday after a short illness. Mr. Perrin was born at Hackney, London, eighty-one years ago, and came to New Zealand when he was 20 years of age, in 1865. He followed a seafaring life for some years and settled in Onehunga in 1876, where he established the first fruit shop.
Mr. Perrin was a well-known figure in the Auckland auction marts for over 30 years. He had lived in retirement for the last 28 years. He is survived by his widow, three sons and four daughters, fourteen grandchildren and three great grandchildren. A vote of condolence with the relatives was passed by the Onehunga Borough Council last night on the motion of the Mayor (Mr. J. E. Cowell,), all present standing. [4]
His probate is available, noted as retired mariner”
archway.archives.govt.nz/ViewFullItem.do?code=21459706
JOHN HAROLD PURDY [JACK]:
Auckland Star, Volume XLVIII, Issue 260, 31 October 1917, Page 2
Private .John Harold Perrin reported killed in action, was the third son of Mr. and Mrs. William Perrin, of Spring Street, Onehunga. He was born and educated at Onehunga and at the time of his enlistment with the 19th Reinforcements, he was in the employ of the Totara Timber Co., at Newmarket.
Pte. Perrin was for twelve years a member of the Onehunga Volunteer Fire Brigade, winning a number of medals in the brigade competitions. His wife resides at Mount Albert.[3]
Rank: Private
Military number: 31702
Occu at enlisting: Timber Worker
Killed: Ypres, Belgium
His Cenotaph database record:
muse.aucklandmuseum.com/databases/Cenotaph/12246.detail?O...
His military records are available but with restrictions:
archway.archives.govt.nz/ViewFullItem.do?code=20800611
John married Catherine Ann MACDONALD c 1914 [1] She died 28 August 1974 aged 89 [11] and was cremated at Waikumete cemetery, Auckland
ELIZABETH:
Auckland Star, Volume LXXIV, Issue 235, 4 October 1943, Page 1
On October 2, at the residence of her daughter, Mrs. Tooman, Princes Street, Otahuhu, Elizabeth Taylor widow of the late William Perrin, late of Onehunga, and loving mother of Annie, William, Alfred, Daisy (the late John), Jane, Leonard and Frances; in her eighty seventh year.
At rest.
Funeral will leave C. H. Barker's Chapel. Queen Street. Onehunga, for Waikaraka Park Cemetery to-morrow (Tuesday) [5]
Issue of William and Elizabeth PERRIN. Birth registration number first:
1876/14428 Ann Purdy
1878/275 William [Purdy] died c1955 [6]
1879/10113 Alfred Benjamin Purdy died c1970 [7]
1881/14551 Daisy Ethel Purdy married Charles Alfred SHARP [2]
1883/5535 John Harold Purdy
1885/719 Jane Edith married George Allan WILLIAMS[8]
1886/14120 Lennard [sic] Percy, saw war service and died c1964 [10]
1890/5777 Francis [sic] Beatrice Hasel [sic] married Joseph TOOMAN [9]
SOURCES:
[1]
NZ Dept Internal Affairs historic BDM indexes: Marriage 1914/4364
[2]
paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=s...
[3]
paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=s...
[4]
paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=s...
[5]
paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=s...
[6]
His probate is available, retired farmer of Te Awamutu and Paterangi
archway.archives.govt.nz/ViewFullItem.do?code=1950451
[7]
His probate is available, retired engineer of Auckland
archway.archives.govt.nz/ViewFullItem.do?code=13104466
[8]
NZ Dept Internal Affairs historic BDM indexes: Marriage 1913/2912
[9]
NZ Dept Internal Affairs historic BDM indexes: Marriage 1924/4973. Her name is spelt as Frances Beatrice Hazel on marriage entry
[10]
His military records – spelt as Leonard
archway.archives.govt.nz/ViewFullItem.do?code=20550136&am...
Contracted Malaria 3 times. Sept 1917 in hospital 8 days; June 1918 in hospital 23 days and October 1918, Jordan Valley and in hospital 5 weeks. Discharged from duty. Anaemia; dilated heart; spleen tender.
His probate is available, noted as ‘Gentleman’ of Howick. Spelt as Leonard.
archway.archives.govt.nz/ViewFullItem.do?code=14774441
[11]
www.waitakere.govt.nz/cnlser/cm/cemeterysearch/cemeteryde...
100,279 items / 609,618 views
Marziya Shakir is my 23 old month grand daughter who loves eating raw sprouts as much as she loves eating chocolates..I have copied the article below to show you the magical power of sprouts from Isabel Shipards book..
Benefits of Sprouts
www.herbsarespecial.com.au/free-sprout-information/so-goo...
This information on herbs is provided free from Isabel Shipard's book "How can I grow and use Sprouts as living food?"
"... ..." have been used to indicate omitted text.
My interest in sprouts began over 20 years ago, when I read a riddle that fascinated me. It caught my attention and started my interest in wanting to learn all I could about sprouts. The riddle went &
What will:
* grow in any climate at any time of the year
* require neither soil or sunshine, but is still rich in vitamins and minerals
* has not been subject to chemical sprays while growing
* is extremely economical and in preparation has no waste
* rivals meat in nutritive value
* can be grown indoors within a minimum amount of space
* multiplies 400% or more in 5 days
* matures in 3-5 days ... ?
The answer ... sprouts!
About the same time, I attended a demonstration on growing sprouts, with such a variety of seeds and tasty ways of enjoying them. I discovered that beneficial changes in nutrients take place, when seeds are sprouted:
* the starch converts to simple sugars
* the protein provides amino acids
* the fats break down into essential fatty acids
* and minerals chelate or merge with protein in a waythat increases their function.
All these actions increase the nutrient value, and enhance digestion and assimilation. Due to these dynamic influences, sprouts are considered predigested food.1
As I became more aware of the value of live food, I started to see that little things, like sprouts, can have a big impact on health, as they provide a high degree of vitality and rejuvenation to the body. After I completed writing the book, "How can I use herbs in my daily life?" in 2003, people were interested in knowing more about wheat grass and sprouts, which I had mentioned in the book. I showed them how I grew seeds, particularly fenugreek, which is my favourite sprout. Everyone was keen to know more about how to make sprouts and to learn of the various benefits. So, from that interest, this book on sprouts has come to be.
Sprouts have so many valuable
attributes:
*
Living sprouts are quality food of high biophotons (bio meaning 'life'; photon meaning 'electromagnetic'), which provide a high bio-energetic value, to energise our body and help the entire organism function, and prevent and repair defects.2 The bio-energetic value of sprouts and live foods has similarities to that of living Bio-genic Nutrition, a concept and way of life originating with Professor Edmond Bordeaux Szekely in California, USA in the 1920's. He classified sprouted seeds and baby greens as the most beneficial foods, calling them life-generating Bio-genic Foods, and recommended that they comprise 25% of our daily food. His four classifications make it easy to understand the true value of life-giving sprouts.
o
Bio-genic living foods offer the strongest support for the regeneration of cells (25% of daily food);
o
Bio-active foods are life sustaining organic fruit and vegetables (50% of daily food);
o
Bio-static foods include cooked foods (85% of the nutrient value may be lost in cooking), which slows down the life process and accelerates ageing (no more than 25% of daily food, but these are certainly not the best for the body);
o
Bio-acidic foods are regarded as 'life-destroying' and includes sugar, white flour, and all processed foods.
*
Sprouts are a powerful source of antioxidants in the form of vitamins, minerals and enzymes, which assist in protecting the body from free radical damage. Free radicals are created in our body by some foods, some cooking oils, preservatives, artificial colours, flavours, additives, and other substances in our environment. Free radicals are highly unstable oxygen molecules that can travel freely throughout the human body in search of an electron 'partner' and steal electrons from healthy cells. In doing so, they have the ability to create a dangerous chain reaction, breaking down vital, biological structures; and they have the ability to alter the structure of the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). These are the vital blueprints and the DNA's messenger, required for the reproduction of cells. This change in the DNA structure is known as per oxidation. Once per oxidation has taken place within the cell, it will only reproduce the altered version.
*
Raw foods contain oxygen, and sprouts have an abundance of this element. Oxygen is important for healthy cells, to allow cells to live and breathe. Dr Otto Warburg, twice Nobel Prize winner, 1931 and 1944, found the growth of cancer cells were initiated by a relative lack of oxygen, and that viruses, bacteria and cancer cells could not live in an alkaline and oxygen-rich environment. When we cook food, the oxygen is destroyed. For this reason, eating raw sprouts, regularly, is valuable to health.
*
Sprouts are alkaline and have an alkalising affect in the body. If we desire health, the body needs to be alkaline. The immune system is made strong by high alkaline and alkalising foods (see p 19).
*
Sprouts provide us with whole foods, full of living enzymes, a vital life-force (see p 20). Sprouts can be growing on your kitchen bench one minute, and transferred to the meal table the next, ready for eating...there is nothing else as fresh as this! We have to realise that fruit and vegetables, which look so colourful and beautifully displayed on supermarket shelves, may have been picked for a week or more and the vital life-force can be very depleted. This life-force energy is believed to correlate with the level of power of the enzymes in living food, and which researchers believe is seen with Kirlian photography as brilliant spikes of light, radiating harmoniously around living produce or plants. However, once the produce is picked and it is no longer growing, the luminescent light diminishes and then gradually disappears, altogether. The nutrients also diminish when food is picked. So, something we grow, pick, and serve fresh from our garden, or sprouts, growing in the kitchen, will definitely serve us with more nutrients, than food that has had a shelf life.
What we grow in our garden and in our kitchen can be with organic seeds and fertiliser. Therefore, our food will not have been subject to synthetic fertilisers, pesticides, growth hormones or other chemicals. These chemicals can have a detrimental impact and an accumulative effect, on the environment and our health. We cannot see the toxins, but they are around us and part of our lives & so subtle. Numerous scientific researchers believe they are the cause of an increase in the incidence of asthma, infertility, allergies, neurological damage, immune and endocrine disruptions, and many types of cancer.
A. mixed pea and bean sprout salad with epazote sprigs, a good combination with beans for flavour and flatulence (p 58) B. psyllium sprout smoothies flavoured with pineapple, coconut and banana.
Organic food generally has a higher vitamin C content, flavonoids, better protein quality and higher mineral and enzyme content, than conventionally grown produce.4 It is interesting too, and has been observed with Kirlian photography, that organic produce glows with a stronger, more dynamic, luminous light than non-organic produce. If we want to 'outsmart' cancer and other diseases that have accelerated in our modern way of life, we must reduce our exposure to chemicals, wherever we can, by looking for organic or biodynamic produce, or by growing our own & so sprouts in the kitchen are an easy way to start.
*
*
Sprouts are a good source of essential fatty acids (EFA). The average diet is generally deficient in EFA. These fatty acids are essential to life, perform many vital body functions and play a major role in immune defences (see p 11 and p 105).
*
Sprouts are one of the highest food sources of fibre, essential for good health (see p 12). High fibre foods make us chew more slowly and make us feel more satisfied.
*
The chlorophyll content of sprouts and seedling microgreens, can perform the remarkable action of converting light energy into chemical energy, a process called photosynthesis. The green chlorophyll pigment of plants closely resembles haemoglobin, the pigment that gives human blood its colour and oxygen-carrying capacity. The difference between the two pigments is that chlorophyll has a core of magnesium and haemoglobin a core of iron.
*
Chlorophyll-rich foods are our most powerful blood cleansers and blood builders. Sprouts grown to the chlorophyll-rich two-leaf stage have been shown to be effective in overcoming protein-deficiency anaemia. Some women have found that including chlorophyll-rich foods in their daily diet has given relief from hot flushes of menopause, and also supported hormonal function.
*
Sprouts have a generous supply of vitamins . In fact the vitamin content of some seeds can increase from 100% to 2000% in several days of sprouting. Even soaking seeds, overnight, produces massive amounts of vitamin B complex and also of vitamin C.
*
The formula for multi-vitamin B and C is hydrogen, oxygen and carbon, together with the life-force and elements in the seeds, this creates a complex carbohydrate, and nutrients are formed. These are the magical substances that provide the miracle of life and increased nutrients in sprouts.
*
Sprouts have an excellent array of minerals that the body requires. During sprouting, the minerals are enriched and develop in a chelated form (which are more easily utilised by the body).
*
Sprouts can be grown all year round to give a constant supply of food, in the very freshest form possible.
*
Eating fresh sprouts provides essential nutrients in an easily assimilable form. Living enzymes, in sprouts, go to work to predigest the protein into their constituent amino acids: this makes them easily digested and absorbed by the body. We can digest sprouts in less than half the time of cooked foods. Cooked foods are acid forming. Continually consuming cooked food can be constipating, as the cellulose necessary for peristalsis has been broken down and softened in cooking.
*
Sprouts provide the best nutritional value for money. They are the most economical food we can eat, at just a few cents a serve. We all like good value bargains, and when we find one, we usually like to share the information by passing the details on to family and friends, so they may get the benefits as well. For a few dollars we can purchase seeds that, when sprouted, will increase in volume 8-10 times, and provide many meals. The sprouted seeds also increase in nutrient value in just a few days of growing. Anyone, even on a tight budget, can afford seeds to sprout and get the best of food value.
*
Seeds for sprouting store well and can be quickly utilised as food for emergency relief, during times of calamity or scarcity & but make use of them during times of plenty, too, as sprouts provide essential nutrients in the freshest way possible.
*
Sprouts provide a good source of protein (for importance of protein see page 7). Many people use sprouts as an alternative to meat protein as ...
o sprouts take less time to digest than meat;
o sprouts are living food; meat is lifeless;
o sprouts are alkaline; meat is acidic;
o sprouts can cut the cost of living; meat is a highly priced item;
o sprouts have no additives; meat may have hormones and chemicals from farming practices;
o sprouts have zero cholesterol, compared to many meats;
o sprouts are a source of oxygen; all cooked foods lack oxygen (meat does however, build red blood cells, which carry 02 molecules);
o people eat sprouts for the health benefits; heavy meat-eaters have higher incidence of colon cancer.
Vegetarians, or people who are not heavy meat consumers, have less degenerative diseases. Some researchers say the human body is able to absorb haem iron at a rate 5-10 times higher than it absorbs non-haem iron, which would indicate that iron is better utilised from meat sources, than from sprout and other plant sources. Scientists have established that ascorbic acid can assist in the absorption of non-haem iron. As sprouts are a very good source of vitamin C, this should mean the iron is relatively well utilised.
*
Sprouts are low in kilojoules (calories), so are good nutrient-dense food for weight watchers.
*
Sprouts have a low glycaemic index (GI), which makes sprouts valuable for health (see p 22).
*
Sprouts are preventive medicine . We can know, when we eat sprouts daily, that we are providing building materials for the growth and repair of the body. Our health is very much related to our diet: our choice of foods, determines the quality of our physical wellbeing. Over 2000 years ago, Hippocrates said, "Let food be your medicine, and your medicine be your food". Sprouts literally are super foods to build health and act as a prophylactic from illness. Hippocrates also said, "Each one of the substances of a man's diet acts upon his body and changes it in some way, and upon these changes his whole life depends, whether he be in health, in sickness or convalescence. To be sure, there can be little knowledge more necessary". And to think: Hippocrates said this, long before fertilisers and chemicals were manufactured, before grains were refined and nutrients removed, and before fast foods were ever conceived!
Tania is a midwife for UNFPA in Kutapalong refugee camp. Every day around 30 women come to the clinic for check-ups.
None of the women have ever received antenatal care before they arrived in the camp. They arrive stressed and weak, most suffering from dehydration and anaemia.
She gives them supplements like folic acid and iron tablets to improve their health and advise them to come for frequent check-ups.
Because the mothers are weak, most of the babies are born prematurely and have health issues.
After birth, the midwives go to the women’s homes to provide postnatal care. Tania says they are trying to cope with all the pregnant women but they need more support.
Photo credit: Anna Dubuis/DFID
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Salt...every human's need in entire life...without salt there is no food and no world...
it is available everywhere...we are seeing very beautiful advertisement about the salt product from various brands...but there is an story behind this product...
Tamil Nadu is one of the few states that produce salt in India. In Tamil Nadu, salt is produced primarily in the three districts of Nagapattinam, Tuticorin and Marakkanam in Villupuram.
This is about the Salt production at Marakkanam in Villupuram Dist.
The salt pan workers work under extremely hazardous conditions. They work with the harsh sun beating down upon them under the open sky and have employment only for about six months in a year.
Their daily wages vary between 35 rupees to 85 rupees (US$ 0.78 to 1.9). Women generally get paid lower than men. In Marakknam, most of the workers belong to the Schedule Caste communities. It is estimated that about 3000 workers exist in Marakkanam area.
While poverty, indebtedness and deprivation are common to all the salt pan workers, the women, as in many other poor communities, become greater victims of poverty. Generally, they suffer from serious gynaecological problems and. malnutrition and anaemia are also very common. They also do not have support systems to take care of their children. They hardly have access to any quality medical care. Since usually both the parents go to work in the salt pans, it is not clear as to who takes care of their children.
I have captured their activities in three seasons ie., initial ground preparation, Salt making and storing, the final one is in the rainy season where the ground is full of water... I had been there many times to see their activities and i used to talk to them about their work and life balance, to be frank I was so shocked while seeing their work on the field...it was so hot and if we continue be there for more than 15min we may feel that the water level in our body will be completely drained out. such a hot and dry day whole day and everyday...
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
Tabanos are perhaps the most despised insects in this area. There are over 3,000 species found throughout the world. 350 species are found in the U.S. They are despised because, like mosquitos, the female requires a blood meal in order to reproduce and the tabano inflicts a serious bite. It attacks vigorously, mostly during the afternoons and on cloudy days during the summer season from April to September. The species that we have here is one of the few that will attack indoors. Any exposed part of the body can be attacked. Males do not bite. Tabanos will readily attack sleeping children. They also attack domestic animals including dogs.
Unlike most blood-feeding insects which surreptitiously puncture the skin with needle-like organs, tabanids have mandibles like tiny serrated knives which they use to cut and rip the flesh open. This causes blood to seep out and the fly licks it up. The resulting wound usually swells into a large painful welt that itches terribly and seeps fluid for days. The discomfort is bad enough for adults but is even worse for small children.
In some parts of the world, tabanids can transmit diseases such as equine infectious anaemia (a virus that affects horses), trypanosomiasis, anthrax, and parasites such as filariasis (loa loa), but these do not occur to any significant extent in Central America.
Tabanids prefer forest settings where there is plentiful water. There is no mitigation. Broadcast insecticides by and large do not work and also damage the environment. Insect repellent, long pants and long sleeved shirts are the best protection. Fortunately these creatures are not as common as mosquitos. One might go for days without seeing one. But expect a few bites each summer.
This is a supermacro shot. This specimen is about 14-15mm long, which is average.
See photo of a bite here: www.flickr.com/photos/shuttersparks/3599271590/
To learn more about Guatemala see: www.mayaparaiso.com
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
diclofenac sodium has active ingredients of diclofenac sodium. It is used in arthritis, pain, inflammation, back pain - low, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis.
Vitamin b1 tab has active ingredients of ascorbic acid; biotin; cyanocobalamin; dexpanthenol; ergocalciferol; folic acid; niacinamide; pyridoxine hydrochloride; riboflavin phosphate sodium; thiamine hydrochloride; vitamin a; vitamin e; vitamin k. It is used in hepatitis b, anaemia, nutritional support, routine health maintenance, intervertebral disc protrusion, labour stimulation.
Vitamin b6 has active ingredients of ascorbic acid; biotin; cyanocobalamin; dexpanthenol; ergocalciferol; folic acid; niacinamide; pyridoxine hydrochloride; riboflavin phosphate sodium; thiamine hydrochloride; vitamin a; vitamin e; vitamin k. It is used in energy increased.
Vitamin b-12 has active ingredients of ascorbic acid; biotin; cyanocobalamin; dexpanthenol; ergocalciferol; folic acid; niacinamide; pyridoxine hydrochloride; riboflavin phosphate sodium; thiamine hydrochloride; vitamin a; vitamin e; vitamin k. It is used in colectomy, asthma, swelling, red blood cell count decreased, fluid replacement, carpal tunnel syndrome.
dolo-META B tablets
(Vitamins B1+B6+B12+Diclofenac Sodium)
COMPOSITION:
Each film-coated tablet contains
Diclofenac Sodium 50mg
Vitamin B1 50mg
Vitamin B6 100mg
Vitamin B12 100mcg
DOLO-META B-FORT tablets
(Vitamins B1+B6+B12+Diclofenac Sodium)
COMPOSITION:
Each film-coated tablet contains
Diclofenac Sodium 100mg
Vitamin B1 100mg
Vitamin B6 200mg
Vitamin B12 200mcg
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY:
The action of Dolo-Meta B can be attributed to its components. Diclofenac sodium is a non-steroidal anti
inflammatory agent that possesses analgesic and anti-pyretic activities Its mode of action, like that of other non-steroidal antidnfiamatory agent is not known.
However, its therapeutic action is not due to pituitary-adrenal stimulation, but may be from the inhibitory action in the synthesis of pmstaglandin. It exhibits very marked anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic properties and is thus suitable for use in inflammatory and degenerative rheumatic disease as well as for the treatment of post-traumatic inflammation and swelling. In patients treated for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis,the anti-inflammatory action has been shown by reduction in joint swelling, reduction in pain, also reduction in duration of morning stiffness.
Thymine (Vit Bl)Vit B12,Pyddoxine (Vit B6) is used in treating neurological symptoms such as peripheral neuritis.
Vitamin Bl (Thiamine) is a water soluble vitamin It is an essential enzyme for carbohydrate metabolism.
Severe Thymine deficiency is characterized by lactic acidosis and neurological deterioration such as peripheral neumpathy, muscle wasting and muscle weakness.
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) is also a water soluble vitamin which is involved principally in amino-acid metabolism,but is also involved in carbohydrate and fat metabolism.
lts deficiency may lead to sideroblastic aneamia, dermatitis, cheilosis and neurological symptoms such as
peripheral neuritis and convulsions.
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) is a water soluble vitamin, occurs in the body mainly as methylcobalamin
(mecobalamin) and as adenosylcobafamin (cobamamide).
These act as co-enzyme in nucleic acid synthesis. Deficiency is more likely in patients with malabsorption
syndromes or, metabolic disorders.
lts deficiency leads to the development of megaloblastic anaemia and demyelination and other Neurological damage. These vitamins when use individually or in combination has a remarkable effect on the regeneration of nerves.
INDICATION:
Musculoskeletal and joint disorder, inflammation, pain, neuralgia and neuritis (Neuropathies)
CONTRA-INDICATION:
Dolo-Meta B is contra-indicated in patients with hypersensitivity to any of its components.
Aviod use in the presence of peptic ulcer, pregnancy, lactation hypersensitivity (e.g. asthma attacks) to
acetylsalicylic acid or other NSAID agent, severe disorders of liver function in haemopoietic disorders.
INTERACTION:
Because of Diclofenac Sodium as an active ingredient, avoid concomitant administration with other NSAID Anticoagulants, probenecid, diuretic, Beta-blocker, Codicosleroids, Oral anti-diabetics, cyclosporine digoxin.
PRECAUTIONS:
Should be use with caution in Patients with evidence of peptic ulcer, those with unexplained gastrointestinal disorders, those with liver or kidney damage and those with high blood pressure, elderly.
ADVERSE EFFECTS:
Gastrointestinal upsets upper abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, light headedness or headaches at the start of treatment These effects are generally mild and usually regress after a few days.
Hypersensitivity reaction such as skin rash and pruritus, asthma attacks and a tendency to oedema may arise.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION:
Adult:
One tablet daily or as directed by physician
PRESENTATION:
Available in a box of 10 0r 100 tablets
STORAGE:
Store in a cool place and air tight container
KEEP MEDICINES OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN
SHELF VAILDITY: 3 Years
MANUFACTURED BY:
Jiangsu Sihuan Bioengineering Co.,Ltd.
No.l0 Dingshan Road, Binjiang Development Zone, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China
Ship to Gaza is visiting Stockholm from Monday 9 to Friday 13 July
When Ship to Gaza’s S/V Estelle put into Stockholm on Monday morning, she had a tenth of her voyage to Gaza behind her. The voyage began just two weeks ago in Umeå, calling at Nyköping and Visby on the way.
Passengers from Visby included Peter Herthelius, chairman of Save the Children Gotland. Save the Children International, Save the Children’s international parent organisation, recently launched its report “Gaza’s children: Falling behind”, which sets out with scientific precision the devastating effects of the blockade on all aspects of children’s lives in the Gaza Strip.
Here are some of the facts highlighted in the report:
- One in ten children under five suffers from chronic malnutrition.
- The majority of children in Gaza suffer from anaemia (not amnesia, as was incorrectly stated in yesterday’s press release), caused by dietary iron deficiency: 58.6 per cent of schoolchildren, 68.1 per cent of children aged between 9 and 12 months, and a third (36.8 per cent) of all pregnant women. Iron-deficiency anaemia that is left untreated has a detrimental effect on children’s development and on the outcome of pregnancy.
- Diseases caused by lack of sanitation, such as typhoid fever and diarrhoea, are a common cause of death in children under the age of three. According to reports from clinics that treat refugees in the Gaza Strip, the incidence of serious diseases such as these has increased. However, there is currently insufficient monitoring for the full effects of untreated sewage and poor water quality to be determined.
Peter Herthelius comments:
“By challenging the blockade, Ship to Gaza is demanding that the international community act in accordance with international law.”
The Estelle is moored at Quay-berth 160, Stadsårdskajen, outside the Swedish Museum of Photography, until Friday 13 July when we set course for Malmö.
There will be guided tours of the Estelle at 3 p.m. daily – the media and general public are welcome to attend. Open-air meetings with music and speeches will be held at Slussen every day between 12 noon and 1 p.m. While the Estelle is in Stockholm the ship will be painted before her departure for Gaza.
You can read Save the Children’s report here:
www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Gazas...
Spokespeople for Ship to Gaza:
Dror Feiler: +46 702855777
Mattias Gardell: +46 703036666
Ann Ighe: +46 709740739
Victoria Strand + 46 727356564
Media co-ordinator:
Mikael Löfgren:
+46 707983643
media@shiptogaza.se
List of wedding anniversary gifts and charts of normal weights for men and women. Advertisement for Vinol for people with anaemia. Part of a booklet entitled "Aunt Rebecca Says".
Salt...every human's need in entire life...without salt there is no food and no world...
it is available everywhere...we are seeing very beautiful advertisement about the salt product from various brands...but there is an story behind this product...
Tamil Nadu is one of the few states that produce salt in India. In Tamil Nadu, salt is produced primarily in the three districts of Nagapattinam, Tuticorin and Marakkanam in Villupuram.
This is about the Salt production at Marakkanam in Villupuram Dist.
The salt pan workers work under extremely hazardous conditions. They work with the harsh sun beating down upon them under the open sky and have employment only for about six months in a year.
Their daily wages vary between 35 rupees to 85 rupees (US$ 0.78 to 1.9). Women generally get paid lower than men. In Marakknam, most of the workers belong to the Schedule Caste communities. It is estimated that about 3000 workers exist in Marakkanam area.
While poverty, indebtedness and deprivation are common to all the salt pan workers, the women, as in many other poor communities, become greater victims of poverty. Generally, they suffer from serious gynaecological problems and. malnutrition and anaemia are also very common. They also do not have support systems to take care of their children. They hardly have access to any quality medical care. Since usually both the parents go to work in the salt pans, it is not clear as to who takes care of their children.
I have captured their activities in three seasons ie., initial ground preparation, Salt making and storing, the final one is in the rainy season where the ground is full of water... I had been there many times to see their activities and i used to talk to them about their work and life balance, to be frank I was so shocked while seeing their work on the field...it was so hot and if we continue be there for more than 15min we may feel that the water level in our body will be completely drained out. such a hot and dry day whole day and everyday...