Best Of Pet Portrait Group *Admin Invite Only* P1 A2
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LeLUTKA Fleur Head 2.5
[theSkinnery] Amber (LeLutkaEVO) sorbet
Jack Spoon .Hynde Smudged liner + eyeshadow
Jack Spoon . glitter gloss
(Yummy) Disco Nights Bangles
(Yummy) Disco Nights Rings
BUENO-Royal Necklace
(NO) Sequin Bow @C88
Foxy - Chibi Hair (Essential)
ISON - evita knit top - black @C88
Emery Guinea Pleated Skirt Malbec @C88
Mangula Scarlett Pantyhose - [FAT PACK] @C88
[Gos] Rachel Platform Sandals - Metallic @ Santa Inc
**Manifeste** - Model_760
FOXCITY. Photo Booth - Crescent Room
[ keke ] pine tree . L soft . glitter
[ keke ] pot . gold
The entry fee to witnessing sunrise at Takhlakh Lake was being massacred by millions of mosquitoes. It's beautiful but I'll never come back at this time of year.
On Me
Clothes: Evol - Jefe Outfit // FATPACK
LM: maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Etienne%20Island/120/131/136
➡️Rigged for legacy and Jake. Jefe is a 5-piece set consisting of jeans, cropped hoodie, undershirt, chrome heart keychain and BB bullet belt.
Body: [LEGACY] Meshbody (m) Special Edition (1.7.1)
Head: LeLUTKA Camden Head 4.0
Now that the black and white challenge is over (for me) I can admit that I actually prefer this image in colour. So here it is.
I was on the bridge when a man with a camera came rushing past and quickly said "its going up, five minutes". It took me a moment to digest and understand what he'd said, but when the penny dropped I followed him round to the riverside. I don't think the bridge is raised very often nowadays so I was grateful to him.
The sailing barge making way under the bridge is The Ardwina which has been fully restored in traditional manner, based at St. Katherine Docks.
. . . without a booked appointment.
This is the new coronavirus satellite testing centre at Hunter Street Car Park, Liverpool.
COVID Pandemic Series. Number 17
COPYRIGHT © Towner Images 2020
The Mesa Drive-In outside of Pueblo Colorado on Christmas Eve 2008. And no this is not HDR. I did some post processing with curves but all on one image.
Texas Tribune CEO and Editor-in-Chief Evan Smith moderated “The Price of Admission“ with Paul Cruz, Larry Faulkner, State Rep. Donna Howard, D-Austin, State Rep. John Zerwas, R-Richmond on March 31, 2016.
Building 3 (Robert H. McCabe Hall) at the Miami Dade College Wolfson Campus is the central hub for student services.
A wide range of student support departments are located in Building 3, including:
Admissions & Registration: Assists students with applying to and enrolling at the campus.
Advisement & Career Services: Provides students with essential academic advising.
Bursar's Office: Handles student finances and billing.
Financial Aid: Helps students navigate financial assistance options.
New Student Center: Specifically helps newly enrolling students with information and support.
International Student Services: Provides assistance to international students.
Dean of Students: An administrative office for student affairs.
Some academic support and departments are also housed within Building 3, such as:
Business Studies: The Business Studies department is based in Building 3.
Academic Affairs: The administrative office for academic oversight is located here.
Meeting and event space: Building 3 also features a 5th-floor terrace that can be rented for event
Credit for the data above is given to the following website:
www.google.com/search?q=how+to+change+the+dns+server+on+w...
© All Rights Reserved - you may not use this image in any form without my prior permission.
Free Pic No Repro Fee 27 10 2022
Chartered Accountants Ireland were delighted to recently confer a number of new members based in Cork in the Kingsley Hotel. Institute members are interwoven into the local business community, playing a significant role in growing the local economy and supporting business.
Photography By Gerard McCarthy 087 8537228
More Info Contact Fiona Collins
Chartered Accountants Ireland
Fiona.Collins@charteredaccountants.ie
087 2196935
Title.
Checking admission.
Title.
入場チェック中。
( Panasonic Lumix DMC-L10 shot)
Tokyo Big Site. Koto Ward. Tokyo. Japan. 2009. … 4 / 7
(Today's photo. It is unpublished.)
東京ビッグサイト。江東区。東京都。日本。2009年。 … 4 / 7
(今日の写真。それは未発表です。）
Images
The Native … Wildest Dreams
youtu.be/4b2mr9pP-fM?si=XkGB9RXXcAbADjZX
Images-2
Taylor Performs "Wildest Dreams" at The GRAMMY Museum
youtu.be/OGDkg3QiJmk?si=5Un5YhNH27nfqR8l
Images-3
Taylor Swift - Wildest Dreams/Enchanted (1989 World Tour) (4K)
youtu.be/6CpXjjnmwvg?si=_KNbtRxWMxQw6zcf
_________________________________
_________________________________
２０２３年の展示
テーマ
カメラは時間にキスをする。
Mitsushiro - Nakagawa
展示場で配布するリーフレット（案内表示も）は以下でダウンロードできます。
drive.google.com/drive/folders/1vBRMWGk29EmsoBV2o9NM1LIVi...
展示の概要
今回の作品は、
みなさんのご家族の写真が
主人公です。
作った３つの作品は、
すべて写真を差し替えられます。
展示が終わって、
誰かがこれらの作品を受け取っていただけたら
ご自身の家族の写真と差し替えてください。
僕がきょうまで展示を続けられた感謝の気持ちです。
展示に足を運んでくれた多くの方と、
世界中の写真好きのみなさんに、僕は心から感謝しています。
長い期間、僕に付き合っていただき、ありがとうございます。
作品１ 沐浴後
寸法
1000mm X 800mm
素材
新聞
The wall street Journal
International life
梱包紙
チョーク
(黒、白、オレンジ)
ガムテープ
メンディングテープ
撮影場所 自宅
作品２ 反抗期
寸法
900mm X 1800mm
素材
新聞
The New York Times
The Japan Times
梱包紙
チョーク
(黒、白、オレンジ)
ガムテープ
メンディングテープ
撮影場所 成田空港
作品３ 成長
寸法
900mm X 1800mm
素材
新聞
The New York Times
Financial Times
梱包紙
チョーク
(黒、白、赤、オレンジ)
ガムテープ
メンディングテープ
撮影場所 ロンドン
主催
デザインフェスタ
場所
東京ビッグサイト
日程
１１月１１日。土曜日。12日。日曜日。2023年。
ブースナンバー
J - 232
exhibition.mitsushiro.nakagawa@gmail.com
images.
SEVENTEEN(세븐틴)-All My Love
_________________________________
_________________________________
Exhibition in 2023
theme
Camera kisses time.
Mitsushiro - Nakagawa
Leaflets(Also information display) to be distributed at the exhibition hall can be downloaded below.
drive.google.com/drive/folders/1vBRMWGk29EmsoBV2o9NM1LIVi...
Exhibition overview
The main character of this work is a photo of your family.
You can replace the photos in all three works you created.
Once the exhibition is over, if someone receives these works,
please replace them with a photo of their own family.
I feel grateful that I was able to continue exhibiting until today.
I am deeply grateful to the many people who visited the exhibition
and to all the photography enthusiasts around the world.
Thank you for sticking with me for a long time.
Work 1 After bathing
size
1000mm x 800mm
material
newspaper
The wall street Journal
International life
packing paper
chalk
(black, white, orange)
duct tape
mending tape
Shooting location: home
Work 2 Rebellion period
size
900mm x 1800mm
material
newspaper
The New York Times
The Japan Times
packing paper
chalk
(black, white, orange)
duct tape
mending tape
Shooting location: Narita Airport
Work 3 Growth
size
900mm x 1800mm
material
newspaper
The New York Times
Financial Times
packing paper
chalk
(black, white, red, orange)
duct tape
mending tape
Shooting location: London
organizer
Design festa
place
Tokyo Big Site
schedule
11th. Sat. 12th. Sun. Nov. 2023.
Booth number
J-232
exhibition.mitsushiro.nakagawa@gmail.com
images.
SEVENTEEN(세븐틴)-All My Love
_________________________________
_________________________________
Texas Tribune CEO and Editor-in-Chief Evan Smith moderated “The Price of Admission“ with Paul Cruz, Larry Faulkner, State Rep. Donna Howard, D-Austin, State Rep. John Zerwas, R-Richmond on March 31, 2016.
The Bottagra Brunch with Oscar G and friends took over Saturday “Daylife” at The Pool Harrah’s Atlantic City, NJ on Saturday July 29, 2017 Photo: Tom Briglia & Mike Manger
The Pool After Dark inside Harrah's Resort Atlantic City, NJ | Celebrating a birthday, bachelor, or bachelorette party? For FREE or Reduced Admission, VIP, or Bottle Service to Atlantic City's top nightlife destination, get on the nightclub guest list at www.gocoastalac.com.
The Bottagra Brunch with Oscar G and friends took over Saturday “Daylife” at The Pool Harrah’s Atlantic City, NJ on Saturday July 29, 2017 Photo: Tom Briglia & Mike Manger
The Pool After Dark inside Harrah's Resort Atlantic City, NJ | Celebrating a birthday, bachelor, or bachelorette party? For FREE or Reduced Admission, VIP, or Bottle Service to Atlantic City's top nightlife destination, get on the nightclub guest list at www.gocoastalac.com.
This is a supplemental to my "Origin of the States" narrative, the first supplemental since Independence but the fourth overall. ... we'll call it part 34.3 of 50 in a sporadic series.
Consider this a prologue.
The admission of Kansas into the Union on January 29, 1861, brings us to a pivotal moment in this train of accumulating states. Five weeks later, the nation inaugurated a lanky lawyer from Illinois named Abraham Lincoln as its 16th President. A month after that, a rebel militia in South Carolina fired on American soldiers at a fort in Charleston harbor. Overnight, the number of United States dropped by eleven, and the Confederate States of America was born. The Civil War was on.
Ask anybody to name the cause of the Civil War, and you'll likely get one of two answers, depending on where the person you ask grew up. If you're quizzing somebody from the South or from some rural part of various states in the West or Midwest, they'll likely say it was a dispute over "state's rights." Anybody else -- probably the majority, though it's hard to say these days -- will say it was slavery. The truth of it is deeply complicated and denies simple answers, and we as a nation are still fighting over those answers even a century and a half later.
But I'm going to give my own shot at answering the questions anyway. The next two installments of the "Origin of States" series will examine what I see as the two primary factors that lead to the war, followed by a look at the birth of a state that only exists because of it. Finally, we'll cap this arc with a look at what happened during the war and why, and then what happened afterward.
And we'll start now by examining the origin of the biggest motivation for Civil War of them all, which I sum up in that picture of an Arkansas cotton field above and what John Calhoun, the famous senator from South Carolina, called "the peculiar institution" of slavery.
The Conquest
The concept of "slavery" has been part of what we typically think of as Western culture as long as Western culture has been a thing, though it's meant different things at different times to different collections of people. Ancient Greeks had slaves. Ancient Romans had slaves. People had slaves in the Bible. A significant portion of Judeo-Christian tradition holds that the Israelites were all slaves of Egypt until God had Moses lead them all across a suddenly dry patch of Red Sea.
The roots of the Atlantic slave trade that gave us the American form of slavery trace back to the Iberian Peninsula and the period known in Spanish history as the Reconquista. This was a centuries-long series of invasions and counter-invasions that ended around 1400 AD, when European Christians moved across the Pyrenees and pushed Islamic migrants known as Moors off the peninsula and back into Africa. These Christian groups set up various little kingdoms as they went, places like Aragon or Castile or Galicia, and one way the noble classes of these little kingdoms displayed their wealth was by taking captive Muslims as slaves. So in the beginning, Western-style slavery wasn't based on race. It was based on religion.
The end of the Reconquista had two consequences important to our story. One, over the course of the 15th century, the little Iberian kingdoms reorganized themselves into two distinct entities: Portugal and a collection of everybody else that would eventually call itself Spain. Two, the Portuguese and Spanish suddenly had the money and time they needed to kick off the Age of Exploration. Portugal soon started poking their way down the west coast of Africa, and by 1450 or so, they made contact with a number of African kingdoms that were open to trading things like sugar or spices or textiles. Or, in some cases, fellow Africans they'd captured in war and taken as slaves. Which was convenient, because with all the Moorish Muslims kicked off Iberia, the Portuguese had no handy source for slaves of their own. And so, the Portuguese slave trade was born.
Meanwhile, the Spanish kingdoms focused their attention west across the Atlantic, and in 1492, a couple of Spanish monarchs hired an Italian to go bumble into the Caribbean Islands. Two years later, the Spaniards used this find to talk the Portuguese into signing the Treaty of Tordesillas, which guaranteed the Portuguese exclusive rights to the African trade in exchange for exclusive Spanish rights to everything a certain distance west of the Cape Verde Islands. This translated to pretty much the entire New World except Brazil, though it was a while before anybody realized that.
The Spanish found lots of silver and gold in the New World, and they initially forced the indigenous American population into slavery to go digging for it all. But the indigenous Americans had no resistance to the European diseases the Spanish carried, and within a very few years, about 90% of the Americans died. But a Spanish conquistador isn't going to do all that digging himself, so the Spanish turned to the Portuguese. They traded their American silver for African slaves, and the Atlantic slave trade was born.
Over the next three centuries, about 10 million Africans would be kidnapped and stuffed onto ships bound for the Americas. Most of them would wind up in South America or in the Caribbean, where they'd work as miners or farmhands on sugar plantations. Somewhere around 500,000 of them would end up in mainland North America, forced to work in a bunch of colonies that would someday be states.
Indendured Servitude
Some time in 1619, Portuguese colonial forces captured about 300 native Africans from the Kongo and Ndongo kingdoms, marched them to Luanda, and forced them to board a slave ship called the San Juan Bautista. Near the end of its voyage, the Bautista was attacked by two ships full of British "privateers," which is a fancy name for pirates operating with the permission of the King. These privateers seized the Bautista's cargo, including the hundred or so slaves who had survived the crossing, and went looking for someplace to unload their plunder. On August 20, 1619, one of these privateer ships called the White Lion stopped at Point Comfort near the decade-old Jamestown Colony and traded about 20 Africans to the Virginia colonists for food. Those 20 Africans signified the beginning of African slavery in what would become the United States.
Some historians like to say that from a technical standpoint, those first Africans in Jamestown weren't really "slaves" so much as they were "indentured servants," which basically means "slave with an expiration date." Indentured servitude was a big thing in Virginia and the other early colonies, and was usually defined as a process where a wealthy person paid the cost of a ticket to America for somebody downtrodden in exchange for a term of slave-like service, usually about seven years. After the term of service was up, the indentured servant would be freed. This wasn't yet a race-based system; most indentured servants in the British colonies were also British. But this left open a window to define indentured servants from Africa as something else.
History didn't track what happened to all the 20-someodd Jamestown slaves/servants from the White Lion, but it's known that at least some of them did eventually get their freedom. But it didn't take long for the colonists to realize that things didn't have to go that way. Buying a person is a lot more economical when you get to keep that person for life, and the 17th-century version of morality isn't really a concern if that person you bought is just some African captive.
The colonies soon started building the legal framework that legitimized a slave empire. In 1640, a Virginia judge sentenced an indentured servant from Africa to a lifetime of slavery for rowdiness. In 1641, the colonial Massachusetts General Court adopted the Body of Liberties, a legal code that outlined the rights guaranteed to individual colonists, including the right to own slaves. Rhode Island merchants started importing and selling slaves in the 1650s, and one of the largest slave markets ever to operate in North America took shape in Providence. In 1662, a court in Virginia ruled that a child born to an enslaved mother was the property of the mother's owner, establishing the notion that enslavement was a hereditary condition. The rest of the colonies soon followed suit, condemning at least ten generations to enslavement. More laws across the colonies firmly established the racial basis for American slavery, so that by the end of the 1600s, every American held in chains was a black person descended from Africans.
The Peculiar Institution
Slavery took hold in different ways in different parts of the colonies, and it took a while for things to settle into its final form. In the South, the Virginia tobacco planters took advantage of the free labor to offset their vast and everlasting tsunami of debt. The start of the 1700s saw plantation culture take hold on the rice farms of South Carolina and the sugar plantations of French Louisiana. As the decades passed, the Southern economy became more and more dependent on slavery, and Southerners grew more and more willing to overlook and explain away the lives slavery destroyed.
The situation was different in the North, where more rugged terrain and shorter growing seasons made slavery less economical. This gave northerners more financial freedom to start factoring the morality of slavery into their cost/benefit analysis. Northerners could afford to notice the scars whips left on their slaves' backs, as slavery allowed white men and women to abuse black men and women in ways so horrific that even the longest Flickr post couldn't capture it. (Thankfully, I don't have those kinds of pictures.) More and more people looked at slavery with revulsion.
By the 1750s, a few people in the north were suggesting that maybe there shouldn't be such a thing as slavery. The Pennsylvania Quakers went so far as to ban slavery among their followers in 1758. As the idea of "freedom" and "independence" took hold of the American psyche in the 1760s and 1770s, many people, especially in the north, grew convinced that all this new freedom should include the slaves. The new state of Pennsylvania outlawed slavery in 1780. New Hampshire and Massachusettes followed suit in 1783, and Rhode Island and Connecticut did the same a year later. New York finally got around to banning slavery in 1799, and Vermont never had legal slavery to begin with. And when in the years following the Revolution the newly United States looked across the Alleghenies at what it called the Northwest Territories, it decided that freedom for slaves should be the way of things there. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787, the only significant legislation to pass in the era of the Articles of Confederation, banned slavery north of the Ohio River and East of the Mississippi for all time.
The assumption among many of America's founding leaders was that even in the South, slavery was on an economic downswing anyway, and that within a generation or so, the problem would take care of itself. That's partly how a Virginia planter who owned about 200 slaves in 1776 could write a document that said, "all men are created equal" without a hint of irony. He assumed that the slave question would just fade away by the time he retired to Monticello.
Antebellum
Jefferson and the other founding leaders of the United States had good reason to believe slavery was in its final days when they declared independence in 1776 and ratified the Constitution in 1788. Four of the first five United States Presidents were Virginia planters, and the buckets of red ink in the personal accounting books of each of those four Presidents told them just where the plantation economy was headed. All four spent their lives hovering near bankruptcy, and three of the four had their estates sold off to cover their debts once they died. Tobacco markets were chaotic, and tobacco was a labor intensive plant that quickly killed the soil where it grew. Washington, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, and a host of other Southern planters knew this couldn't go on.
But then it did, and we explored the reasons why when we talked about Mississippi. The answer was in the picture above: cotton. Cotton wasn't a new thing, and the crop itself wasn't hard to grow -- at least, it was no harder to grow than tobacco. But processing the grown cotton was expensive, because the finished plant was full of seeds that had to be removed by hand. But then in 1794, Eli Whitney invented a machine that removed the seeds automatically, and overnight, a labor-intensive crop that had been impossible to sell suddenly found a market. Former tobacco and rice producers in South Carolina and Georgia turned their plantations over to cotton, while settlers moved into new southern territories like Alabama and Mississippi and Arkansas to build new plantations.
The demand for slaves suddenly skyrocketed. This was compounded when Congress enacted a ban on the importation of new African slaves into the United States in 1807. With the supply of slaves cut off, all these new cotton plantations turned to the dying tobacco plantations in states like North Carolina and Virginia and Tennessee. Tobacco plantations had been faced with the horror of freeing their slaves in a dying slave market and ... I don't know, maybe industrializing or something. Now, they could simply send their slaves down the river to markets in Natchez or New Orleans. In a sense, those old tobacco farms became livestock producers, only the livestock in question was human beings.
By the time settlers jumped the Mississippi River and started carving states from the Louisiana Territory like Missouri and Arkansas, it was apparent that slavery and the plantation economy wasn't going anywhere, maybe ever. The very notion of an end to slavery horrified the Southerners, who saw abolition as a threat to their way of life, and even possibly their very existence. Many, like South Carolina Senator John Calhoun, responded with specious arguments that slavery was justified in the Bible, that it was almost a Biblical commandment, that it was the burden of the white man to take care of his lowly inferiors. Slavery was a gift to the Africans, Calhoun said, something that allowed this once savage race to live civilized, Christian lives their forebears could never have imagined. Slavery wasn't an abomination. It was simply a "peculiar institution" that followed God's mandate to make the world a better place. Calhoun spent decades forcefully declaring that it would be a sin to allow some Union of Northern States to take away his own state's right to follow God's will. And if, perchance, the Union tried to take the right anyway? Well then it would be South Carolina's right to tell the Union to shove it.
But did South Carolina really have such a right? Was it the right of a state to tell the Union to shove it? Did a state have a right to secede? That's the question we'll explore next time.