physically" photos on Flickr

Ken Adams by North Country National Scenic Trail

In the last year I have been trying to improve my life physically after a pair of back surgeries…honestly, I have always been trying, but within this last year I have actually been doing it by hiking, biking and kayaking. On the first of this year I was planning a trip to the UP from Oregon, OH, just east of Toledo, which would take me around Lake Michigan. I am a geocacher so I plan every trip with the goal of collecting a few geocaches in different states and at random geological or historic sites. I was zooming in on the websites map north of the Mackinac area and I found a string of caches titled “NCT - (all kinds of things)” making a big weird S through Hiawatha National Forest. In the geocache description there is an elaborate but brief explanation of the NCT. Needless to say at this point I was floored that I had never heard of the North Country Trail. Around here the AT, PCT and CDT are public knowledge but how did I not know about the NCT which runs only 30 some odd miles away from my house and passes through all the places I love to visit. Hours of internet reading and book ordering later I had registered for the hike 100 challenge and adjusted my spring and summer trips to include a number of out and back hikes along the trail. In the first few months of the year I made the long round trip drive to do some short hikes along the historic Erie Canal, Wabash/Cannonball trail, through Maumee State Forrest and of course the beautiful Oak Openings Metro Park and then came our first planned trip. My kids and I (they are 10, 6 & 4) have a goal to visit all 74 Ohio state parks in the next two years. My youngest has Cerebral Palsy and does not walk yet so he gets to ride along for all of the hikes in a pack that helps him build his core muscle strength and keep his legs stretched, but most of all it lets him see and experience the world. So while in North East Ohio visiting parks we went a little further to Allegheny National Forest to collect some Pennsylvania and New York geocaches as well as to hike a few NCT miles. On one hike we went up from PA to the NY border. That was an 847’ elevation gain in just over a mile, a great challenge for the kids and beautiful hike. Later in the same trip we found ourselves at the Ohio / Pennsylvania border heading up into the state game lands. Another beautiful hike out (up) and back. [See if you can tell what the focus becomes for my hike 100 challenge - side goal]. I used “The North Country Trail” book by Ron Strickland to find some cool destinations and we decided to head over to Zoar, OH for a history lesson and lunch. That was a terrific stop and my hats off to Ron for the excellent guide, it led us to some fine sections of the trail already. Another interesting landmark was achieved on that short hike; it is the Eastern confluence of the NCT and the Buckeye Trail System. In the last month or so I made the trek out to my closest points of the trail and did a few miles here and there. Oak Openings is about as beautiful and “challenging” as it gets in the Great Black Swamp region where construction levels are more crooked than our skyline. I did however complete a little section hike where the Buckeye Trail splits off of the NCT (or joins depending on which way you go) at the Western end in Liberty Center, OH, so that landmark was completed. It is now July and my original vacation trip plans were getting finalized. Looking back I had already logged miles in three of the seven states, with both border crossings; why not add 12 or so hours to my trip to collect all the states and all the crossings? Fast forward to July 26th, that is today for me, and I will share the tale of a 2,300 mile road trip week that led me not only around the lake but to the conclusion of my hike 100 challenge. On a Monday morning at 0330 I left work in a rain storm with a final destination of the Historic Fort Abercrombie in North Dakota. The rain relented early enough that I was able to stop quickly and walk across the OH/MI border without too much trouble. As any fellow geocacher will understand, I could have delayed my trip exponentially by caching everywhere so I limited myself to caches close to the borders, highlight earth caches and those all-important state souvenirs. With only one side trip at the end across the South Dakota border I made it to ND as the sun was setting and found the trail. I set off for an out n’ back from the fort to Kent, MN across the beautiful Red River. It is interesting to note that just to the north in MN there is a pair of high water marks from 1897 and 1997 that are only made more ominous when arriving in Kent to find a nice memorial from the 1997 event. I had a nice local beverage at the pub before walking back and setting up camp in the state park to enjoy my sleep. As the sun rose over the fort the next morning I set out for Lake Itasca and the headwaters of the Mississippi. While driving along Rt. 34 I stopped at the Hubble Pond trail crossing, I had to, it is a very well maintained trailhead with beautiful signage and information. I was really impressed, thank you. I did not spend as much time on the NCT at Itasca as I did at the actual headwaters (only about half a mile) but I will say that the pure energy of the people and atmosphere in that park was so refreshing, like we were all in on some simple but profound secret that was improving our lives, it was awesome to be there. I was trying to make it into Ottawa National Forrest in the UP to visit my Uncle and Cousin that I have not seen in 15 years by the evening so my MN/WI border crossing hike was quick and uneventful. The WI/MI border proved to be more difficult as just a few weeks ago the area received a rainfall…er, deluge really, of 12-14” in less than two hours. There were still a large number of washed out roads and detours but I eventually made it down to the Montreal River, parked and hiked across my sixth and final NCT border. Now all I had to do was put on some serious miles to wrap this up, Pictured Rocks, here I come! Before I set out in the Pictured Rocks NF I stopped in Au Train for a loaded test hike. I parked at the river and headed west but it felt more up than out. There is something weird and beautiful about the Hiwatha National Forest and Au Train Region, somehow when I turned around I was still going up to get back to my truck. I know that is not physically possible but I could not convince my legs otherwise. I know you long hikers are giggling at me but hey, that was a tough 1.8 miles. The only thing I had set up in advance was my Altran ride from Munising Falls to Grand Sable for 1230 that afternoon; this was almost a major mistake. As a sidebar from my story I strongly recommend anyone planning a trip through or to Pictured Rocks to call more than 30 days (it used to be 14) ahead to reserve your campsites and obtain your permit. I was able to get my back country camping permit on the first come basis but it meant in the next three days I was hiking 7, 14 & 21+ miles respectively based on available camping sites. I would rather have finished sooner on the third day but that was it. So, permit in hand I offload the pack and gear ready for transportation. About halfway to Grand Sable I realized my hiking poles were in the bed of my truck tucked under my kayak. Ugh. Second bit of advice is that a written list would have been better. I was able to use a pole that that had been left on the Altran by someone two weeks prior and offered by the driver. I am not a fan of single sticking it but that was 50% better than nothing, thank you trail angles, I hope I deserved it. At the trail head visitor center I came upon a very adventurous soul who on his first ever experience backpacking had made it there along the NCT from Tahquamenon Falls, and found himself in the same dilemma I was in an hour earlier without reservations for the next 42.4 miles. He ended up with the same itinerary as I had so we buddied up to keep an eye on each other through the next three days. I will save the details of my Pictured Rocks experience as my own but share the highlights. “Awe”, as in awe inspiring, or awe-some is really the only English language word to describe it as a whole. It makes me wonder if founders in Michigan gave names like Au Sable, Au Train or Point Aux Barques with that in mind while doling out city names. In Pictured Rocks the views are amazing, the hikes are challenging, the people are few (in the eastern two thirds) but quality, the geography is top notch, the thunderstorms are violent, the history is ever present, the flies are legendary and the water is scarce. Okay, the last one needs explaining. Along with leaving my sticks I left my iodine tabs, and filters break. Tap water is scarce; lake, river and stream water is plentiful, plan accordingly. This year PRNP is also having a 50 and 100 mile hike challenge so I kept track of the camp and water hikes and ended up getting 50.2 total miles during the three days in the park, another challenge met. But most important is that just as my feet and muscles were really starting to scream at me south of Sand Point I achieved the NCT 100 mile benchmark! In the next few days as my muscles recovered I visited NCT sites at Tahquamenon Falls, St. Ignace, where the trail crosses M 123 (near the geocache that started it all) and the last stop on my way home yesterday was at Lowell, MI to poke my head in at the headquarters, visit a great cast and crew, and pass along my thanks for everything while collecting my patch and picking up souvenirs for the kids. All told in 28 different hikes at 25 different locations I recorded 100.8 unique miles along 108.1 total miles in all 7 states to include all 6 border crossings with 5 different people and the kids were along for 19.8 miles. The only thing left now is the East and West Terminus…oh…and those other 4,500 miles.

A Cry For Death by Ares Leviathan

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A Cry For Death

Written & re-told by Daniel Jones

Video link here: www.youtube.com/watch?v=rNBqIi4wLak

A very long time ago, when the ancient forests were young and vibrant, there lived two men in a quiet village. The first of them, he will be called Davin, was one with a gentile heart and was quite the reader. He had been known to read any book he could get his hands on. Honestly, it was one of the few things he could physically do. See, Davin, since birth, was constantly ill; which debilitated him to a state of near death. He had been bedridden all of his life and was often accused of being a hypochondriac. To see him out of his bed without coughing, wheezing or sneezing would indeed be a rare occasion. During these few times, he would feel spirited and quite jovial and often thought perhaps he had finally overcome his disease. Of course, his positivity would only last until the next day, when his fits would start up all over again and he'd solemnly return to his bed. He spent most of his days shut up within his late parents’ estate and almost never went outside. Being shut in from the world meant he did not have many friends and lived a rather reclusive life; having only an old caretaker, who'd visit every morning, to bathe him and bring food, medicine and, of course, books. For nearly thirty years, he lay in that bed, hacking and whooping.

The other man, he will be called Neil, was a most handsome and fit man; one of the strongest in town. The ladies adored him and the men admired him, even if they were rather jealous of his fortunate appearance. Never had he known a sick day in his life, thus, his mother always prided herself claiming to have the healthiest child a mother could have. Neil himself was lost in his own glory and would often boast about how lucky he was to be so gifted in mind, body and soul. He could often be found drinking and frolicking in the town pub until he would stagger out the doors to his home on the other side of the village. However he was also prone to mischief, such as stealing chickens and blaming it on foxes or throwing mud on freshly cleaned cloth. He was quite clever; at least enough to keep himself out of trouble and only spoke of his tricks to a very select few who he had sworn to secrecy. Oh, he was a sly one. He had a sharp tongue and a good wit which helped him deny any fault. He would often pass the ailing Davin's window on his way home from a few rounds of ol' Benny's Whiskey. He always declared that he would surely outlive poor Davin, who could very easily pass away at a moment’s notice.

One late evening, as an imbibed Neil found himself stumbling by Davin's window, he heard him doing his nightly routine of panting, heaving and gagging. Neil had always found it somewhat of a nuisance and got it into his head to have some fun with the lame man. There was a familiar glimmer in his eye and it was clear he was up to no good. He called through the window, "Hark, brother Davin! You have been feverish these thirty some years. Why don't you just call out for death so that he can end it all? Perhaps it would simply be better if you were dead!"

Weakly, and almost a whisper, Davin cried out, "I have tried calling out to death many times before, but he cannot hear me. I am too weak."

"Oh, but my dear brother," Neil sneered, a devilish smile creeping across his face. "Tonight is All Hallows Eve! And death is lurking the wood and the field in search of a soul to send to bliss or woe. I'm sure if you cry out loud enough he most certainly will hear you."

Persuaded, Davin whimpered, "Death... O death, give me mercy and take this weary soul." Neil indeed found it greatly amusing to hear Davin's feeble and vain attempt to end his life.

"Try, do try again, dear fellow. I do not think even the mice in your walls could not hear you," he taunted.

Once more, the fragile man groaned, slightly less audible and more pitiful than the previous attempt. "Death...O death, I beg of you. Release me from my earthly bonds from which I suffer so." For a moment, the two stayed in utter silence but neither angel nor devil did come. Neil was now heavily enjoying his playful torment.

Neil mocked his second attempt by raising his palm to his ear and exclaimed, "Hail! A whisper I hear! Perhaps he hath heard you this time, though he suspects perhaps it is merely the wind, I fear. I implore try, try thrice more! As loud as you can! Surely then Hades will hear your plea!"

With great agony, Davin did tried a third time. He raised his voice as loud as he could muster. His throat ached and burned. His eyes watered and his lips were dry. He croaked, "Death! O sweet death! Come I implore! I implore! O agent of fame or foul I pray, no more! No more!" Alas despite his efforts, only a pathetic utterance could be heard from the window. Davin finished his summons by throwing a ghastly fit of coughs into his kerchief. Then the two again stayed still but no sweet phantom did follow. Neil was having trouble suppressing his glee and even a hearty snicker slipped through his lips.

"Alas, my friend but Death has ventured on. Truly you are too weak to call for death and even the banshees will pass your door and never wail for you." Then he thought of an idea to fuel his fancy. This was no doubt his greatest scheme and, oh, a tale it would be. "However, perhaps if I called him, he would come to you hence and finally take you from this cruel purgatory you have endured." His smile was as wide as the moon above, "Yea, for you pure and brotherly soul, I will call forth your salvation."

Davin, grateful for no longer having to strain, quietly thanked Neil for his offer, suspecting him little of his fiendish game and said, "You are a dear friend and comrade Neil. It is no wonder you have been blessed in this life with more praise than St. Paul himself. I shall put in a merry word with the angels above upon my release."

"Indeed anything for a one so needy. As for myself, no glory shall I partake. It is duty that is my calling. For if a man hath no love in his heart for his brothers, he is not worthy of being a man at all." Neil, now rich with hilarity gave a mighty cackle. He planted himself into a stance so strong he looked as if he could hold a crumbling tower. He brought up both hands and sang with a thundering clamor out into the forest beyond. His voice bellowed far across the land and it seemed even ol' Nick would be able to hear his voice from the lowest of pits.

"Death! O Death! Come and take this soul that cries to you in the night from afar! Take it thus far away from here so that it will be seen no more!" At that moment without pause, Neil heard a jostle coming from the thicket ahead. Before him stood a pale, cloaked figure with white, cloudy eyes. It came forth and beckoned him with a long, skinny hand. The air felt foul and brought with it an even fouler odor which tickled his nose. It spoke with a voice as cold as winter and moaned like a storm wind.

"Come have I to take the one that beckons me," he said with icy breath. Neil was stunned to say the least. He had not expected the spirit to appear. Maintaining his composure, he pointed to the window.

"He- he lies yonder in his bedchamber within. He hath been calling you many times this late evening."

"I have not heard him," quoth the fiend.

"Indeed, hence I called you forth in his stead," Neil said assuredly. His brow began to moisten with cold dew. No more, could he hear the wind rustling in neither the trees nor the creatures of the wood.

"Indeed, however STILL come have I for the one that beckons me," quoth the wraith as he raised a single, brown and rotted finger and pointed in Neil's direction. In a moment of sobered clarity, Neil's eyes widened. A dense fog crawled across the earth and the stars went out one by one. Neil pressed himself against the boards of Davin's homestead and took in one last breath as the shadowy creature approached him.

Davin, still breathless, struggled to keep his head lifted to see through the window. He could now only see Neil, whom despite his apparent strength, was being dragged away wailing and screaming into the abysmal forest like an irritable child. Despite being chilled to his core, for a moment, Davin smiled and gave a weak chuckle as he saw the irony of the affair that transpired and saluted Death on his sense of humor. And yet, pray did he, for the poor soul of Neil.

After that evening, Davin made a miraculous recovery and was restored to his full vitality. Folk in the village always said he looked unusually able and firm among the other men, but he always remained kind and polite to everyone he encountered. Now that his strength had returned, he looked to make good use of it. He would tutor the children in their morning readings, work in the fields at dusk and entertain in the tavern upon nightfall. On late nights he would entertain them by telling the people of the town songs and poems and the fantastic ventures he read in his books. But the town favorite story of them all was always the haunting story of Neil's fall from grace. But when All Hallows Eve would come around, Davin's demeanor would change. He would continue to tell his stories, but would always keep that particular story to himself with solemn look on his face.

"Never shall I tell the tale on this particular night," He would say. "Already I have called for death three times in my life on All Hallows Eve. I dare not try it a fourth for fear I shall suffer an ill fate." For ten, long and happy years, Davin stayed in the village; loving and being loved by all. But upon the tenth year to the day he recovered from his dreadful ailment, ten whole years after Neil was taken from this world; Davin disappeared without a trace. All but a few of his belongings remained within his estate. Some say he called for death one more time. Some folk claimed he was dragged away shrieking into the night after he foolishly recounted his tale on All Hallows Eve. Others declare he embraced the hooded specter willingly and you can still see the two of them walking through the wood at night. And yet even some believe he simply left the town to do work elsewhere. But all these rumors end the same. Neither Neil nor Davin were ever seen in the town again.

BioExplorer Mind Mirror Design by ianmc333

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Screen shot of a Mind Mirror design I put together in BioExplorer. Contact me if you would like a copy (free) ( ianmc3 at shaw .. dot .. ca )

Here's a complete seminar by Anna Wise in 1991 demonstrating the real deal:

www.youtube.com/watch?v=l0PbIAqxJKo

As many have noticed, an FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) spectrograph shapes do not always match the classic MindMirror EEG display shapes published by folks such as Maxwell Cade and Anna Wise. Instead of using FFT this design uses 28 discrete bandpass filters in the hopes it will provide a display more closely matching the original MindMirror.

Look closely in the middle (and twist your head!) to see the band's center frequency. The yellow bars show a slower average for that particular filter. The range of each bargraph is 50 uV but that's easily adjustable in the design page.

Note: Monitor display needs rotation 90 deg CW to view. This can be done through free software (www.entechtaiwan.com/util/irotate.shtm) or you can physically rotate your screen...assuming it's not a CRT!

See the original Mind Mirror in action: www.youtube.com/watch?v=LFFMtq5g8N4

Band Labels

In my version of Bioexplorer I don't see the frequency labels on each bargraph when I open the design. To have them display click on Instruments Menu and then 'Edit Layout'

Electrode Placement (from a MM website):

All the early Mind Mirror research was carried out using a two channel EEG, the Mind Mirror, with contacts placed over the occipital areas. Differential pick-ups between contacts placed at T5 - O1 and T6 - O2 are used, rather than the more usual common reference mode. Contacts T5, O1and T6, O2 are more or less equidistant from the powerful neck muscles and from heart voltages and thus cancel these voltages more effectively than the more normal common reference mode.

Sensitivity.

The default range of each bandpass bargraph is 50uV. On the design page you can see each channel go through an evaluator with a multiplier of 1 and it can be adjusted on each channel as needed. ie: change this to 2 to have a range of 25uV for each bargraph or 0.5 for 100uV.

I built this design using technical information provided from this MindMirror website which unfortunately has been shutdown (mindmirroreeg.biomonitors.com/). However as of Mar/07 some of it's pages were still available in google cache.

I did my best guess at the filter types and # of poles for each filter range in order to match what I could glean out of this site. I've tested by sweeping through with the BE signal generator and I think it's fairly close. Any feedback or suggestions appreciated

cheers, Ian

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Here's some interesting bits from the webpages (thanks Google cache!):

The Mind Mirror is an electroencephalograph (EEG) which was originally created in 1976. It performs frequency analysis of signals generated by the brain and displays the results on horizontal barographs. The display panel has two columns of bar graphs which represent the left and right hemispheres (LH, RH) of the brain. Zero signal is displayed by all the indications showing at the middle of the display. Each bargraph represents one filter; if a LH signal is being displayed, the indication moves away from the center of the panel to the left and similarly for the right.

The filters which analyze the brain signals are centered on frequencies chosen to give optimum analysis. These are 0.7Hz, 1.5Hz, 3Hz, 4.5Hz, 6Hz, 7.5Hz, 9Hz, 10.5Hz, 12.5Hz, 15Hz, 19Hz, 24Hz, 30Hz, and 38Hz. These frequencies were chosen by previous experience and needed to be modified only slightly after early work with the Mind Mirror. The bandwidth of each filter is adjusted so that the 3db loss points coincide with the equivalent points in the adjacent filters. This means that a brain rhythm whose frequency lies mid-way between two filters will appear at a reduced level in both. This disadvantage is balanced by the fact that a signal lying between two filters will not be lost.

The performance of analogue filters is excellent, the rejection of unwanted signals is 50db per octave. Translated, this means that the response of the 9Hz filter to a 4.5Hz signal is reduced by a factor of more than 100 times.

Maximum input sensitivity is 3 microvolts. The wideband noise is less than 1 microvolt. The sensitivity may be switched between 3, 5, 10, 30, 50 or 100 microvolts rms. The CMR response is better than 60db.

These machines and filter frequencies were the basis of the early work in "consciousness" research by C Maxwell (Max) Cade and its more recent development by Anna Wise. The analogue filters proved to be uniquely suited to this application because the optimum bandwidth of each one can be easily chosen.

Brain rhythms respond in both amplitude and frequency to changing thought patterns. Indeed if any frequency is very stable, it seems to indicate a rigid thought pattern which can manifest as a seizure. Our work suggests, for example, that the alpha frequency of a well-developed subject (someone who is very good at what they do) may average 9Hz but may be varying between 7 and 10Hz. This seemed to be true of all the subjects who excelled: what they excelled at did not seem to be important. They could be yoga teachers, television presenters or healers.

The original analogue filters in Mind Mirrors 1 and 2 were precise but difficult to construct with individual components and became too expensive to manufacture. An unusual design was adopted for the filters which allowed the center frequency and bandwidth to be set independently. I have never seen this in a filter textbook even though it is very easy to implement. Fortunately digital techniques can precisely imitate analogue filters and even to some extent improve on them so that the Mind Mirror technology has been translated into the digital domain. The cost is of the instrument is reduced and the precision of the resulting filters guaranteed.

FFT Analysis of Brainwaves

We are often asked why we do not use Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT), which are easy to implement in computer software. Due to the way it functions, this method gives a different pattern to that seen on the Mind Mirror and is not very responsive to the grouping of bands of frequencies known as the beta, alpha, theta and delta responses for a variety of reasons.

FFT works by taking a sample of the signal for a precise interval of time and then by calculation delivers an analysis of the signals present during that interval. It is excellent when the signal:

* is a constant frequency

* is repetitive

* is a much higher frequency than the sampling window interval

An example of its use is tone recognition used for telephone dialing.

The signal to be analyzed must be of a higher frequency than the sampling window time, i.e., a delta signal of 1Hz cannot be captured (a change of the signal in 1 second) by a sampling window which lasts one second without gross errors occurring. Any system with 1Hz window will be inaccurate below about 3 or 4 Hz.

Why is this? The sampling window chops into the signal, generating false answers, an effect called leakage. If the window was precisely synchronized with the signal being analyzed, there would be no problem. But we are analyzing the signal because we want to know the frequencies present. This means that at the beginning and end of the sampling interval there must be distortion. Consider a 1Hz wave and a 1 second sampling window. If the beginning of the window was aligned with a peak of the 1Hz wave, then the sample would contain a fast excursion from zero to maximum and this would imply a whole range of frequencies not present on the original. The problem can be minimized by shaping (tapering) the sampling window-switching voltage.

The leakage shows itself in every channel as a false reading. The effect is less when the frequencies are higher, e.g., 10 cycles of alpha during a 1-second window because only the first and last cycles are distorted by the sampling but the effect is still present. A reasonable guess might be that the error has been reduced to 5%. In most cases this does not matter (i.e., in telephone dialing). It can be eliminated by cutting out the low-level spurious signals, a process called application of a Hanning window. Suppose though that the wanted signal is at a low level; it too would be eliminated.

This use of the Hanning window partly explains why it is difficult to recreate an accurate beta response. A typical beta filter bandwidth is from 17 to 22Hz. The beta frequency is responding in both amplitude and frequency to the subject’s thoughts. Any beta signal lying within this range is automatically included in the response of the analogue filter and displayed even though it is varying in frequency. With FFT it would seem possible to obtain the same result by adding together the output of the windows 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22Hz. In practice, the continuously changing beta does not rest within one window for any length of time and is therefore often low

enough in amplitude to be chopped out by the Hanning window.

If the beta amplitude is large enough, FFT can generate beta readings which are approximately accurate, but the method becomes more and more inaccurate as the beta amplitude reduces. This makes it impossible to use to display Mind Mirror patterns.

The FFT can only generate outputs which are distributed linearly in frequency. If for EEG analysis the window is chosen as 1 second, the frequency "bins" are 1Hz wide from 1 to 40Hz. The relative width of each bin falls with frequency, i.e. from 1 to 2 Hz is a whole octave wide whereas from 39 to 40Hz is only a fraction of an octave. This does not matter if the signal consists of a single tone but when the source is an EEG which is varying continuously in frequency, then this unavoidable change in the relative bandwidth provides another explanation why the beta response is very different with FFT. FFT does not respond accurately to rapidly changing or transient signals. This is important when reading alpha frequencies which are rarely very steady in amplitude.

To understand this limitation we have to consider how the FFT analyzer works. Typically in EEG analysis, the sampling window is 1 second long but this does not mean that one has to wait for 1 second before a response is available. Overlapping windows are used; one choice might be 8 per second. After the first second, an eighth of a second of fresh data is added, the oldest eighth second is discarded and the latest 1 second of data is calculated. This speeds up the response after the first second so that low-frequency signals can be displayed within about 0.3 of a second of their occurrence.

Paradoxically this does not improve the transient response. If a 10Hz wave is being sampled by a 1-second window, it cannot display the full amplitude of alpha until the window is full and this takes a second to complete.

Consider what happens when the alpha is fluctuating. Assume the window is 1-second long and that bursts of five alpha waves are arriving every second. The rise time of the analogue filter would allow it to follow this easily, even though the fall time would be extended slightly by the detector time constant. But the FFT would see a half-full bin each time and so display the average - an unvarying output of half the relative amplitude. The relative time position of the sliding window wouldn’t make much difference because the window will still be only half full wherever the burst of 5 cycles is sitting within the window. The representation will look completely different on the two systems, one would be correctly following the peaks whereas the FFT would be showing an unvarying level. These bursts represent useful information in Mind

Mirror technology.

The transient response of the FFT cannot be improved by shortening the window time because it will then become comparable to the frequency and thus leakage will introduce large leakage

errors, especially into the adjacent channels. For example, an FFT with a quarter-second window could respond quickly but as the window will only contain 2.5 cycles of 10Hz alpha, one can see that considerable distortion (leakage) will be generated.

This means that FFT limitations cannot be overcome by using two or three FFT analyzers running

at the same time. To summarize:

* The Delta response is not good with tolerable response times.

* The process is not very responsive to fast-changing signals such as alpha.

* The FFT analysis itself produces spurious signals which are not present in the original. A

correction for this problem causes beta inaccuracy

* The pattern shown by an FFT analyzer is sufficiently different to make it unusable for Mind

Mirror work.

Uniqueness of the Mind Mirror Pattern.

Anna Wise has been contacted by many frustrated users of FFT systems wondering why they could not see the patterns which she described in her book The High Performance Mind. She says: "Twenty years’ work with the Mind Mirror has led me to understand the uniqueness of its pattern display and the complexity of the information I gain from it.

People need to know that they do not gain the same information from FFT systems and not realizing its limitations, could lead them to dismiss their own abilities and/or dismiss my years of research as not being replicable." "Accessing alpha allows the flow of information from the unconscious (delta), through the subconscious (theta), to the conscious (beta) mind. It is this openness or availability of awareness on all levels that constitutes the state Max Cade called an Awakened Mind. Applying and using and manifesting with this open flow of conscious awareness gives us a High Performance Mind. We have to focus on, find, and thoroughly develop the alpha bridge to allow this to happen." All the original studies of healers, swamis and anyone who excelled at their job by Max Cade and myself described in his book The Awakened Mind were performed with the Mind Mirror and will not be replicable with an FFT system.

Senior Citizens Find That New Ulm Minnesota, Is a Good Place to Retire ..., 10/1974 by U.S. National Archives

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Original Caption: Senior Citizens Find That New Ulm, Minnesota, Is a Good Place to Retire. There Is a Close Community Responsibility Towards Older People No Matter What Their Financial Position Might Be. Older Citizens and Those Unable to Care for Themselves Physically Are Cared for in Two Community Facilities, Alexander Home and Highland Manor. New Ulm Is a County Seat Trading Center of 13,000 in a Farming Area of South Central Minnesota Founded by a German Immigrant Land Company in 1854 10/1974

U.S. National Archives’ Local Identifier: 412-DA-15878

Photographer: McTaggart, James

Subjects:

New Ulm (Brown county, Minnesota, United States) inhabited place

Environmental Protection Agency

Project DOCUMERICA

Persistent URL: catalog.archives.gov/id/558328

Repository: Still Picture Records Section, Special Media Archives Services Division (NWCS-S), National Archives at College Park, 8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD, 20740-6001.

For information about ordering reproductions of photographs held by the Still Picture Unit, visit: www.archives.gov/research/order/still-pictures.html

Reproductions may be ordered via an independent vendor. NARA maintains a list of vendors at www.archives.gov/research/order/vendors-photos-maps-dc.html

Access Restrictions: Unrestricted

Use Restrictions: Unrestricted

Reading Is for Everyone by National Library of Medicine

1

Contributor(s): Public Library of Columbus and Franklin County. Talking Books Service.

Library of Congress. National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped.

Publication: [Ohio] : Public Library of Columbus and Franklin County, Outreach Services Division, Talking Books Service, [19--]

Language(s): English

Format: Still image

Subject(s): Aged,

Visually Impaired Persons,

Reading, Tape Recording,

Library Services, Child

Genre(s): Posters

Abstract: Multicolor poster with white and black lettering. Title and note at top of poster. Visual image is a color photo reproduction featuring an elderly man and a boy. The man holds a large tape player and the boy holds a cassette container. Several books are visible in the background. Publisher and sponsor information at bottom of poster.

Extent: 1 photomechanical print (poster) : 56 x 44 cm.

Technique: color

NLM Unique ID: 101449718

NLM Image ID: A031094

Permanent Link: resource.nlm.nih.gov/101449718

North Atlantic Land Passage by Ed Ziomek

9

This is part historical, part geographic reality, and a huge dose of alternative theory, please bear with me, I'm an amateur researcher, non academic.

First of all, I am sure most people understand there was an ancient Northeast LAND Passage, from Europe to Canada and the Western Hemisphere.

As a consequence, I propose that humans could physically walk across the North Atlantic, 50,000, 10,000 years ago, possibly 1500 years ago, except for very narrow water channels needing a boat. Worst case, boats could navigate close to land for the same 3500 miles from France, England, Norway, Scotland, Ireland, Faroe Islands, Iceland, Greenland, and onto Labrador.

However, I believe even to the time of the Classic Age of Greece, there was a land passage 99% of the way from France to Labrador in Canada, that today is no more than 2000 feet, 593 meters deep in any location. Most locations shown are less than 300 feet deep.

This is what I am highlighting, with the depth chart in meters, and I think it might shed some light on how the Templars, and possibly the Sinclairs were alleged to have travelled to the Western Hemisphere many times. This would include travels to Nova Scotia, and to the Valley of Mexico. In fact, the Aztec legends have their Quetzalcoatl white men, "with hair the color of the sun"-blonde, and some say white robes with red crosses on them, showing up in 1325 and organizing this minor tribe into the controlling power of the whole Valley.

I am telling the Pictish websites of the exact synergies between the Picts, the Egyptian Pekhats, and the North American Pequots, Massapequas, Chesapeakes, Chippewas, etc. It is like the Pictish Scottish never left the full expanse of the North Atlantic, paving the way for modern Templar and European diffusion. Even the mystery X-Haplotype DNA found in Northern Europe is also confirmed to be found among the Chippewa of Northern Quebec. Chippewa, Chi-pequa, the Picts!

I have mentioned before, how "Greenland" was probably named after the ancient Irish Sun God, "Gryan", or how Irish Field Hockey is an exact duplicate of the Canadian "Hockey", named after the ancient Egyptian Goddess of Fishermen and Fowlers, "Heqa". And I have mentioned the amazing Inuit photos taken in the 1800s, of obviously caucasian Inuit indigenous tribes of the Greenland, Labrador area, displayed on Flickr...

www.flickr.com/photos/nationalmaritimemuseum/2843692066/i...

And a remarkable second picture of Inuit caucasian looking children... they look like the younger version of the Rolling Stones, The Who, and Led Zep! Am I right or wrong?

www.flickr.com/photos/nationalmaritimemuseum/2842854847/i...

Of course, the other side of the world, the area of Alaska/Siberia has today a very close 60 mile strait separating Eastern and Western Hemispheres, with extremely shallow 140 feet deep ocean depths in between. That is the area of the celebrated "Land Bridge" we have all learned about in school.

This information of a North Atlantic Ocean land bridge is not new, and has been published many times over the last 500 years. I have shown in the previous Athena and Disc Thrower images, that the North Atlantic areas and ocean floor topographies show massive human habitats, and were explicitly mapped and known to the Egyptians, Greeks, Nordic tribes, Pictish tribes (Pequots, Pekhats), and even African tribes.

Yes, I believe the Greek and Egyptian mythology figures were secret navigation maps...

www.flickr.com/photos/10749411@N03/5066420422/in/set-7215...

www.flickr.com/photos/10749411@N03/5095795198/in/set-7215...

I am showing remarkable human habitat constructions virtually the entire distance from East to West.

If you look real close, not only will you see the "Athena" of previous image, but also the "Aten" King figure to the West, Southeast of Greenland.

In my amateur opinion, I believe this area was dedicated to Aten and Athena, Sun and Moon, and probably identified with Osiris, aka "Azores".

I often wonder, what is the mythology relationships between the God figures of Aten, Odin, Atum, and Adam, and of course, the Garden of Eden.

Correct me if I am misquoting, but is it any coincidence that the Arabic name for Temple, i.e., Ber or Berra, and Berra Aten, Britain, is just to the East of this Aten area?

I am researching some further theories, In followup images, where I attempt to show remarkable ancient maps showing the "Queen-dom of Eve", Ave-regnus, Avernus, of which Avebury, Eve-Berra, Temple of Eve, may be a part.

And in previous maps, this area is the northernmost limit of the Atlantean overlay, shown in my Flickr image...

www.flickr.com/photos/10749411@N03/5091647295/in/set-7215...

Much more to come on this North Atlantic area, (North Atlantis), which was mostly dry 10,000 years ago, and seems to be tied directly to the untold stories of the Pictish, Egyptian, Greek, Judaic, and Templar diffusion to the West, much earlier than Columbus.

January 14, 2014 update: I am very fascinated at my most recent study of the Pictish Beast-Dolphin, and the Egyptian Shu-Nut sea-level maps ...and how similar they are to this North Atlantic Land Bridge image...

www.flickr.com/photos/10749411@N03/11518235816/in/photost...

Putting the Tire On - Time Out by Scott Pargett

Easily the most physically exhausting part of the entire bike. To make a long story short, I spent the next day cleaning blood and sweat off of the once polished hub.

Take a tip from me and pay to have a shop's machine do it in seconds. I used so much strength trying to get this thing on I managed to snap a tire iron in two pieces.

Mediterranean Sea by Euclid vanderKroew

4

The Mediterranean Sea physically separates--but in other ways unites--southern Europe, the Middle East, and northern Africa.

Image date: c. 2002

Part of the US Geological Survey's "Earth as Art 2" collection of images taken by the Landsat 7 satellite, the ASTER instrument aboard the Terra satellite, and the MODIS instruments aboard the Terra and Aqua satellites.

Since 1972, Landsat satellites have collected from space information about Earth’s continents and coastal areas, enabling scientists to study many aspects of the planet and to evaluate changes caused by both natural processes and human practices. This image was created by visualizing both visible-light and infrared data in colors visible to the human eye; band combinations and colors were chosen to optimize their dramatic appearance.

Credit: MODIS/U.S. Geological Survey [source has higher resolution version]

Earthen pot refrigerator with water cooling modification by Dr Mihir kumar Panda PhD DLitt Innovator

About Dr.Mihir Kumar Panda, Ph.D,D.Litt,, innovator

World’s only achiever of large number of World Record for 10,000 Teaching Aids & innovations

Founder & Co-ordinator General, ‘SROSTI’ (Social Development research Organisation for Science, technology & Implementation)

Collaborator Vijnana Bana Ashram

Bahanaga, Baleshwar, Odisha, India-756042

Website : simpleinnovationproject.com

E-Mail- : mihirpandasrosti@gmail.com

Face Book link:https://www.facebook.com/mihirpandasrosti

WIKIMAPIA

wikimapia.org/#lang=en&lat=-6.174348&lon=106.8293...

Contact No. : +91 7008406650

Whatsapp: +91 9438354515

Dr.Mihir Kumar Panda, an Educational, Societal and Scientific Innovator has established an NGO 'SROSTI' at Bahanaga, Balasore,Odisha,India

Dr. panda has innovated/invented more than 10,000 (ten thousand) teaching aids and different innovations and he has more than 30,000 (Thirty thousand) ideas to make scientific and mathematical models.

His creations are very essential guide for school and college science exhibitions, innovative learning and play way method for the teachers and students, science activists, innovators, craftsmen, farmers, masons, physically challenged persons, common men, entrepreneurs and industrialists.

He is popularizing science through song, innovative demonstrations and motivational speech since 1990 in different parts of Odisha state without taking any fees.

Dr. Panda is an extreme motivational speaker in science and possess magical scientific demonstration and a crowd puller.

Innovator Mihir Kumar Panda loves nature and in his agricultural farm he does not uses the chemicals , fertilizers and pesticides. In his farm even the smallest creatures like snakes, caterpillar, white ants, worms ,vermies are in peace and are managed successfully not to do harm.

Dr. Panda is an Educationist, an environmentalist, a poet for science popularization, a good orator, a best resource person to train others in specific field of science and engineering.

The uniqueness of Simple Innovation and scientific activities and achievements ofDr. Panda can not be assessed without visiting his laboratory which is a living wonder in the realm of science.

From a small cake cutter to mechanical scissor, from a play pump to rickshaw operated food grain spreader and from a village refrigerator to a multi-purpose machine, thousands of such inventions and innovations are proof of Dr. Panda's brilliance.

From a tube well operated washing machine to weight sensitive food grain separator, from a password protected wardrobe to automatic screen, from a Dual face fan to electricity producing fan are example of few thousands of innovations and inventions of Mihir Kumar Panda.

Dr.Mihir Kumar Panda though bestowed to a popular name as Einstein of Odisha is obliviously treated as Thomas Alva Edison of India.

Dr. Panda's residential house also resembles a museum with scientific innovations of different shapes and sizes stacked in every nook and cranny which proves his scientific involvement in personal life.

Innovator Panda believes that , the best thing a child can do with a toy to break it. he also believes that by Educating child in his/her choice subject/ passion a progressive nation can be built.

The shelf made scientist Dr. Panda believes that Education is a life long process whose scope is far greater than school curriculum. The moulding of models/ innovations done by hand always better than the things heard and the facts incorporated in the books.

With no agricultural background, Dr. Panda has developed unique natural bonsai in his Vijnana Bana Ashram which also shows path for earning just by uprooting and nurturing the plants which are found to be small and thumb in nature.

Dr. Panda's Scientific Endeavour and research is no doubt praise worthy. One cannot but believe his dedicated effort in simple innovation laboratory.

Social service, innovation/ inventions, writing, free technology to students for preparation of science exhibition projects, free technology to common men for their sustainability, preparation of big natural bonsai, technology for entrepreneurs and industrialists for innovative item are few works of Mihir Kumar Panda after his Government service.

. To overcome the difficulties of science and math, explanation in classes, innovator Panda has created few thousands of educational, societal and scientific innovations which helps teachers and students of the country and abroad.

Dr. Panda believes that though inventions/innovation has reached under thousands and thousands deep in the sea and high up in the space. It has reached on moon and mars, but unfortunately the sustainable inventions/innovation has not properly gone to the tiny tots and common people.

Dr. Panda is amazing and wizard of innovations and works with a principle the real scientist is he, who sees the things simply and works high.

Dr.Mihir Kumar Panda's work can be explained in short

Sports with Science from Dawn to Dusk

Struggle some life- science in words and action

Triumphs of Science - Science at foot path

Hilarious dream in midst scarcity

A life of innovator de-avoided of Advertisement.

FELICITATIONS, AWARDS, HONOURS & RECORDS

* 200+ Felicitation and Awards from different NGOs, Schools & Colleges within the State of Odisha and National level.

* 10 Nos Gold, Silver & Bronze medal from different National & International level.

*Awarded for 10,000 innovations & 30,000 ideas by Indian Science Congress Association, Govt. of India.

* Honorary Ph.D From Nelson Mandela University, United States of America

* Honorary Ph.D From Global Peace University, United States of America& India

* Honorary D.Litt From Global Peace University, United States of America& India

* Title ‘Einstein of Odisha’ by Assam Book of Records, Assam

* Title ‘Thomas Alva Edison of India’ by Anandashree Organisation, Mumbai

* Title ‘ Einstein of Odisha & Thomas Alva Edison of India’ from Bengal Book of World record.

*World Record from OMG Book of Records

*World Record from Assam Book of Records,

* World Record from World Genius Records, Nigeria

* World Record from BengalBook of Records

* National Record from Diamond Book of Records

* World Record from Asian World Records

* World Record from Champians Book of World Records

* World Record from The British World Records

* World Record from Gems Book of World Records

* World Record from India Star World Record

* World Record from Geniuses World Records

* World Record from Royal Success International Book of Records

*World Record from Supreme World Records

* World Record from Uttarpradesh World Records

*World Record from Exclusive World Records

*World Record from international Book of Records

*World Record from Incredible Book of records

* World Record from Cholan Book of World Record

* World Record from Bravo International Book of World Record

* World Record from High Range Book of World Record

* World Record from Kalam’s World Record

* World Record from Hope international World Record

* International Honours from Nigeria

* Indian icon Award from Global Records & Research Foundation (G.R.R.F.)

* International Award from USA for the year’2019 as INNOVATOR OF THE YEAR-2019

* National level Excellence Leadership Award-2020 from Anandashree Organisation, Mumbai

* Best Practical Demonstrator & Theory instructor from Collector & District Magistrate,

Balasore.

* Best Innovator Award by Bengal Book.

* Popular Indian Award by Bengal Book.

* Great man Award by Bengal Book.

* Best Indian Award by Bengal Book.

* The Man of the Era by Bengal Book.

IMPORTANT LINK FILES TO KNOW THE WORK OF

Dr. MIHIR KUMAR PANDA

Dr.Mihir Ku panda awarded at indian science congress Association, Govt. of India for 10000 innovations & 30,000 ideas

youtu.be/MFIh2AoEy_g

Hindi Media report- Simple innovation science show for popularisation of science in free of cost by Dr.Mihir Ku Panda

youtu.be/gPbJyB8aE2s

Simple innovation science show for popularisation of science in free of cost in different parts of India By Dr.Mihirku Panda

www.youtube.com/user/mihirkumarpanda/videos?view=0&so...

Simple innovation laboratory at a Glance

MORE LINK FILES OF Dr MIHIR KUMAR PANDA

www.youtube.com/watch?v=MFIh2AoEy_g

www.youtube.com/channel/UCIksem1pJdDvK87ctJOlN1g

www.youtube.com/watch?v=AHEAPp8V5MI

www.youtube.com/watch?v=W43tAYO7wpQ

www.youtube.com/watch?v=me43aso--Xg

www.youtube.com/watch?v=6XEeZjBDnu4

www.youtube.com/watch?v=gPbJyB8aE2s

www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNIIJHdNo6M

www.youtube.com/watch?v=oPBdJpwYINI

www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBR-e-tFVyE

www.youtube.com/watch?v=3JjCnF7gqKA

www.youtube.com/watch?v=raq_ZtllYRg

cholanbookofworldrecords.com/dr-mihir-kumar-pandaph-d-lit...

www.linkedin.com/in/dr-mihir-kumar-panda-ph-d-d-litt-inno...

www.bhubaneswarbuzz.com/updates/education/inspiring-odish...

www.millenniumpost.in/features/kiit-hosts-isca-national-s...

www.youtube.com/watch?v=hFE6c-XZoh0

www.youtube.com/watch?v=WzZ0XaZpJqQ

www.dailymotion.com/video/x2no10i

www.exclusiveworldrecords.com/description.aspx?id=320

omgbooksofrecords.com/

royalsuccessinternationalbookofrecords.com/home.php

british-world-records.business.site/posts/236093666996870...

www.tes.com/lessons/QKpLNO0seGI8Zg/experiments-in-science

dadasahebphalkefilmfoundation.com/2020/02/17/excellent-le...

www.facebook.com/…/a.102622791195…/103547424435915/… yearsP0-IR6tvlSw70ddBY_ySrBDerjoHhG0izBJwIBlqfh7QH9Qdo74EnhihXw35Iz8u-VUEmY&__tn__=EHH-R

wwwchampions-book-of-world-records.business.site/?fbclid=...

www.videomuzik.biz/video/motivational-science-show-ortalk...

lb.vlip.lv/channel/ST3PYAvIAou1RcZ%2FtTEq34EKxoToRqOK.html

imglade.com/tag/grassrootsinventions

picnano.com/tags/UnstoppableINDIAN

www.viveos.net/rev/mihirs%2Btrue%2Bnature

m.facebook.com/story.php…

www.facebook.com/worldgeniusrec…/…/2631029263841682…

www.upbr.in/record-galle…/upcoming-genius-innovator/…

www.geniusesworldrecordsandaward.com/

www.upbr.in/record-galle…/upcoming-genius-innovator/…

m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=699422677473920&i...

www.facebook.com/internationalbookofrecords/

www.youtube.com/channel/UCBFJGiEx1Noba0x-NCWbwSg

www.youtube.com/watch?v=nL60GRF6avk

www.facebook.com/bengal.book.16/posts/122025902616062

www.facebook.com/bengal.book.16/posts/122877319197587

www.facebook.com/bengal.book.16/posts/119840549501264

supremebookofworldrecords.blogspot.com/…/welcome-to…

www.bravoworldrecords.com/

incrediblebookofrecords.in/index.php

www.highrangeworldrecords.com/

Trashed by Jeffs4653

3

AXIS Dance Company by U.S. Embassy Jerusalem

2

At Vertigo Integrated Dance and Vertigo Dance

Company.

Workshop in Physically Integrated Dance. AXIS Dance Company will introduce this exciting dance form for people with and without physical disabilities. Using creative movement, improvisation and modern dance techniques we will explore solo, duet and ensemble material.

AXIS Dance Company Changes the Face of Dance and Disability.

Pioneering a new dimension of dance - a revolutionary collaboration between dancers with and without disabilities.

The U.S. Embassy in Israel initiated a program on the integration of people with disabilities in dance, featuring the celebrated American AXIS Dance Company. The Company integrates professional dancers with and without disabilities, creates beautiful art, and works with communities to promote integration and break stereotypes about disabilities. In Israel AXIS gave workshops, master classes, and lecture demonstrations throughout the country to mixed audiences of adults, youth, and educators from all abilities, ethnic, and socio-economic backgrounds. The program was warmly embraced by local communities and attracted considerable press interest.

Multipurpose machine which is able to do 50 types of work by pedaling- an innovation of Dr. Mihir ku Panda,Ph.D.D. Litt. by Dr Mihir kumar Panda PhD DLitt Innovator