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Monitoring blister rust spore fall from the Ribes leaves during inoculation. Inoculation chamber at the Dorena Genetic Resource Center. Cottage Grove, Oregon.
Photo by: Richard Sniezko
Date: September 13, 2006
Credit: USDA Forest Service, Region 6, Umpqua National Forest, Dorena Genetic Resource Center.
Source: DRGC digital photo collection; courtesy Richard Sniezko, Cottage Grove, Oregon.
The following description of the inoculation process at Dorena is excerpted from pages 72 and 73 of the Whitebark Pine Restoration Strategy for the Pacific Northwest Region. 2009–2013 (available here: ecoshare.info/uploads/documents/WPB_Strategy_PNW_093008cl...):
"The Dorena Genetic Resource Center (Dorena), a component of the regional genetics program of Pacific Northwest Region (and a partner with the regional Forest Health Protection group), has established protocols for blister rust resistance testing of whitebark pine. These protocols are based on those developed and successfully used for screening of western white pine (P. monticola) and sugar pine (P. lambertiana) over the past 5 decades (Danchok et al. 2003).
Resistance testing involves inoculation of young (usually 2-year-old) seedlings with spores of C. ribicola and evaluation of seedlings for up to 5 years after inoculation. Inoculation usually takes place in late August or during September (which coincides with time of natural infection in the field). Seedlings are moved into a climate-controlled inoculation chamber. Temperature within the inoculation chamber is maintained at around 16.7° C (62° F) and relative humidity at 100 percent.
Ribes spp. are the alternative host for C. ribicola, and spores from infected Ribes spp. are necessary to infect the pines. Ribes spp. leaves infected with C. ribicola at the telial stage are collected from forests in Oregon and Washington or from the Ribes garden at Dorena. The Ribes leaves are placed on wire frames above the seedlings, telial side down. Spore fall is monitored until the desired (target) inoculum density of basiospores is reached for each box; the Ribes leaves are then removed. After the target inoculum density is reached for the last box, the temperature is raised to 20° C, and the seedlings are left in the inoculation chamber for approximately 48 hours to ensure spore germination and infection of the pine needles.
Following inoculation, the seedlings are transported outside. The seedlings are evaluated over a period of 5 years for the presence of disease symptoms and mortality. The first symptoms to develop are needle lesions, or ‘spots.’ These are typically assessed approximately 9 months and 1 year after inoculation. Presence and number of stem symptoms along with mortality is assessed annually for 5 years after inoculation."
Image provided by USDA Forest Service, Region 6, State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection: www.fs.usda.gov/main/r6/forest-grasslandhealth
8192 triangles are drawn in 3 dimensional space and used to approximate a source image. An algorithm refines the colors and positions of the vertices until the image converges on the target.
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Gary Man (Forest Health Protection, Washington, DC) speaking at the Dorena Genetic Resource Center's 50th anniversary celebration. Cottage Grove, Oregon.
Photo by: Molly Oppliger
Date: August 24, 2016
Credit: USDA Forest Service, Region 6, Umpqua National Forest, Dorena Genetic Resource Center.
Source: Richard Sniezko, Cottage Grove, Oregon.
From the news release for the event:
"The USDA Forest Service’s Dorena Genetic Resource Center is celebrating 50 years of serving as a regional service center for Pacific Northwest tree and plant genetics.
Dorena GRC houses disease-resistance breeding programs for five-needled pines and Port-Orford-cedar, a native plant development program, and a national tree climbing program for the Forest Service. Their program is known internationally as a world leader in development of populations of trees with genetic resistance to non-native diseases.
The public is invited to the 50th celebration on Thursday, August 25 at the Cottage Grove-based center located 34963 Shoreview Road. The Open House and public tours are scheduled from 1:30 to 3:30 p.m. Tours of the center will include:
Genetic Resistance Trials
Inoculation ‘Fog’ Chamber
Tree Improvement Activities of Grafting, Pollination, & Seed Production
Port-Orford-cedar Containerized Orchards
Native Species Plant Development
Seed and Pollen Processing
Tree Climbing
A special guest at the event will be Jerry Barnes, the first manager at Dorena when established in 1966. All guests will be able to enjoy viewing informative posters about the programs and activities at the Center. ..."
For more see: www.fs.usda.gov/detail/umpqua/news-events/?cid=FSEPRD513088
Image provided by USDA Forest Service, Region 6, State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection: www.fs.usda.gov/main/r6/forest-grasslandhealth
Tomatoes and other vegetable are genetically modified for various reasons. (grow in harsher environments or to be more active against insects)
Found in my garden
Scarifying whitebark pine seeds with 100-grit sandpaper. Dorena Genetic Resource Center. Cottage Grove, Oregon.
At door: Jerry Berdeen. Clockwise from back of table: Wade Davis (Oregon sweatshirt), Carol Morehead, Michelle Parkins?, Isabelle LeBouc, Nick Hagedorn, Jude Danielson, Karol Kuhn, Lee Riley, Juli Sowell, Brock Mayo, Becca Ganley.
Photo by: Richard Sniezko
Date: March 15, 2007
Credit: USDA Forest Service, Region 6, Umpqua National Forest, Dorena Genetic Resource Center.
Source: DRGC digital photo collection; courtesy Richard Sniezko, Cottage Grove, Oregon.
Note:
Scarification and Germination
When stratification is complete, the seedcoat of each seed is abraded, using 100-grit sandpaper, at the radicle end (approximately 1 mm back from the tip) and along the main line dividing the 2 halves of the seedcoat (Figure 5A). Care must be taken to avoid sanding too heavily, as damage to the megagametophyte tissue could result. This process is done to help maximize germination percentage as well as uniformity of germination. Seedlots which are not sanded or nicked show lower germination percentage and germinate at a slower rate (Burr and others 2001). A few seedlots have a percentage of seeds that begin to crack during stratification. These seeds are not sanded.
During the 2007 sowing season, a newly designed sanding machine will be used for seedcoat abrasion (Figure 5B) (Spence 2006). Sanded seeds are placed on moistened blotter paper in 10 x 10 cm clear plastic boxes (Figure 6A), which are then placed in a germinator maintained at 16 °C night/18 °C day with a 12-hour photoperiod (Figure 6B).
Seedlots are monitored for germination twice per week for 5 weeks, and are considered germinated when the radicle protrudes from the seedcoat to a length of 2 mm and is curved (Figure 7).
Excerpted from: Seedling Nursery Culture of Whitebark Pine at Dorena Genetic Resource Center: Headaches, Successes, and Growing Pains. 2007. Riley, Lee E.; Coumas, Carmen M.; Danielson, Judith F.; and Berdeen, John C. Available here: citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.180.659...
Image provided by USDA Forest Service, Region 6, State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection: www.fs.usda.gov/main/r6/forest-grasslandhealth
Clean floors in the cow pen of Abel Mwandemange at his home in the village of Ilemi outside of Mbeya, Tanzania on Friday, Mar. 31, 2019. As a result of his training from the African Dairy Genetic Gains (ADGG) project, Mr Mwandemange made an effort to improve his husbandry practises. Photo K. Dhanji/ILRI
Bean breeding at CIAT in Kawanda, Uganda.
Credit: ©2009CIAT/NeilPalmer
Please credit accordingly and leave a comment when you use a CIAT photo.
For more info: ciat-comunicaciones@cgiar.org
L-R: Michelle Parkins, Isabelle LeBouc, Nick Hagedorn scarifying whitebark pine seeds with 100-grit sandpaper. Dorena Genetic Resource Center. Cottage Grove, Oregon.
Photo by: Richard Sniezko
Date: March 15, 2007
Credit: USDA Forest Service, Region 6, Umpqua National Forest, Dorena Genetic Resource Center.
Source: DRGC digital photo collection; courtesy Richard Sniezko, Cottage Grove, Oregon.
Note:
Scarification and Germination
When stratification is complete, the seedcoat of each seed is abraded, using 100-grit sandpaper, at the radicle end (approximately 1 mm back from the tip) and along the main line dividing the 2 halves of the seedcoat (Figure 5A). Care must be taken to avoid sanding too heavily, as damage to the megagametophyte tissue could result. This process is done to help maximize germination percentage as well as uniformity of germination. Seedlots which are not sanded or nicked show lower germination percentage and germinate at a slower rate (Burr and others 2001). A few seedlots have a percentage of seeds that begin to crack during stratification. These seeds are not sanded.
During the 2007 sowing season, a newly designed sanding machine will be used for seedcoat abrasion (Figure 5B) (Spence 2006). Sanded seeds are placed on moistened blotter paper in 10 x 10 cm clear plastic boxes (Figure 6A), which are then placed in a germinator maintained at 16 °C night/18 °C day with a 12-hour photoperiod (Figure 6B).
Seedlots are monitored for germination twice per week for 5 weeks, and are considered germinated when the radicle protrudes from the seedcoat to a length of 2 mm and is curved (Figure 7).
Excerpted from: Seedling Nursery Culture of Whitebark Pine at Dorena Genetic Resource Center: Headaches, Successes, and Growing Pains. 2007. Riley, Lee E.; Coumas, Carmen M.; Danielson, Judith F.; and Berdeen, John C. Available here: citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.180.659...
Image provided by USDA Forest Service, Region 6, State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection: www.fs.usda.gov/main/r6/forest-grasslandhealth
Dorena Genetic Resource Center blister rust resistance testing. Cottage Grove, Oregon.
Photo by: Richard Sniezko
Date: c.2000
Credit: USDA Forest Service, Region 6, Dorena Genetic Resource Center.
Source: DRGC online photo collection: www.fs.usda.gov/detail/r6/landmanagement/resourcemanageme...
Dorena Genetic Resource Center (DGRC) is the USDA Forest Service's regional service center for genetics in the Pacific Northwest Region. Dorena houses disease resistance breeding programs for five-needled pines and Port-Orford-cedar, a native plant development program, and the National Tree Climbing Program. For additional photos of the DGRC program, see: www.fs.usda.gov/detail/r6/landmanagement/resourcemanageme...
Image provided by USDA Forest Service, Region 6, State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection: www.fs.usda.gov/main/r6/forest-grasslandhealth
Farmers’ representatives participating in Farmers Field Day/GIFT harvesting Ceremony in Leohitu, Bobonaro.
Day Forty ~ Genetically Linked
My mom was having an especially nice hair day, so she agreed to let her hair be my photo of the day subject. Isn't it gorgeous? Naturally curly too... feel free to hate. If you look back to the last image in last Thursday's post, you will see my gray hair. Can you tell we are mother and daughter, or what?!? She started going gray early too, but I think I beat her to a full head of gray at a bit younger age.
A little bit of a departure from my usually sunny happy photos.
This subject is an in your face reminder of how hard nature can be. Survival of the fittest is the motto. While walking the creek at my In-Laws new ranch a few weeks ago I came across this head of a yearling buck. I assume coyotes had tackled the young deer and eaten it. The kill was very fresh. It's funny how things work out. If you have the stomach to look at it in large, you can see that the coyotes actually did my Brother-in-Law a favor. This buck did not need to be reproducing on the ranch.
I called this particular morning walk my Death Walk. As I post more photos from the day you will also see a few reminders of how harsh the recent drought was/is in Texas on the cattle herds.
I've joined Twitter. If you are there also, send me a follow and I'll reciprocate.
Apparently, genetic researchers at Auburn University have been experimenting with crossing sugar cane and cotton plants to create fields of cotton candy. They've got a research facility near here, and I was able to sneak in and get what I believe is the first publicly posted photo.
They released the dogs before I could get a taste, but it sure looks good...
Researchers trap and fin clip this coho salmon on Calapooya Creek, a tributary of the Umpqua River in Oregon, as part of their study of hatchery and wid fish. (Photo courtesy of Oregon State University)
Total area sown with genetically modified plants fell 1% in 2015.
The area planted with genetically modified crops globally declined for the first time in 2015.
The 1% decline — the first in the technology’s 20-year global commercial history — was primarily due to an overall decrease in both GM a...
www.hopegirlblog.com/gm-crop-planting-declines-for-the-fi...
Quality prints and greeting cards can be purchased at >> kaye-menner.artistwebsites.com/featured/genetically-modif...
Capsicum is a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family Solanaceae. Its species are native to the Americas where they have been cultivated for thousands of years. In modern times, it is cultivated worldwide, and has become a key element in many regional cuisines. In addition to use as spices and food vegetables, capsicum has also found use in medicines.
The fruit of Capsicum plants have a variety of names depending on place and type. The piquant (spicy) variety are commonly called chili peppers, or simply "chilies". The large mild form is called red pepper, green pepper or bell pepper in North America, peppers in Britain, and New Zealand, and typically just "capsicum" in Australia, and India. The fruit is called paprika in some other countries (although paprika can also refer to the powdered spice made from various capsicum fruit). [from Wikipedia]
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Genetic Gradients 06. Generative Design & Animation. Evolving color gradients with genetic algorithm.
Target: Red 2 Magenta 2 White, Population: 500, Mutation Rate: 75%, Num. Generations: 1080, Crossover: Random midpoint.
Slovenian hunter collecting genetic sample from wolf urine in Northern Dinaric Mountains in Slovenia - part of the study of wolf genetics and ecology withing the Life+ project SloWolf (www.volkovi.si)
Knowsley Safari Park is a zoological park and tourist attraction in the Knowsley area of Merseyside, England. Knowsley Safari Park is a member of the British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquariums (BIAZA) and the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA). The safari park contributes to conservation and research through links with conservation projects and its links with universities in Liverpool, Chester and Manchester.
History
The park was opened in July 1971 by Edward Stanley, 18th Earl of Derby and Jimmy Chipperfield[9] using the expertise of general manager Laurence Tennant MBE, formerly the Chief Game Warden of Parks in Uganda and Botswana. Initially the road through the park was 3.5 miles (5.6 km), with visitors driving past lions, cheetahs, monkeys, giraffes, zebra, elephants and various antelope. Due to the popularity of this route, an additional 1.5 miles (2.4 km) of road was added in 1973, and camels, buffalo, white rhino, and tigers were added to the park. Over the years, a few modifications have been made. For instance, tigers are now displayed in enclosures within the reserve, and a bypass around the baboons was built for visitors who are worried about damage to their cars.
The park was also home to a former RAF airfield which closed at the end of World War II. The RAF airbase situated at the safari park was also known as No 49 SLG or RAF Knowsley Park and was in use between 13 May 1942 – November 1944.
The park has hosted several sporting events including the Olympic torch relay, watched by 6,000 children and families in June 2012. The park hosted the finish of Stage Two of the 2012 Tour of Britain cycling event and is scheduled to host Stage Three of the 2013 Tour on Tuesday 17 September.
Most recently it hosted the final leg of Big Learner Relay 2017 which has raised over £300,000 for the BBC Children in Need appeal since 2014. Louise Walsh the inspiration behind the BLR has been awarded the prime minister's points of light award which recognises outstanding individual volunteers.
In 1995 Mr William Middleton, a warden at the park, was crushed and paralysed due to a faulty elephant enclosure. Mr Middleton died 12 years later due to complications caused by his injuries.
Zoological collection
Situated around Knowsley Hall on the ancestral estate of the Earl of Derby, the reserve is home to many different animals including elephants, giraffes, lions, bongos, tigers and baboons. The Derby Estate have a tradition of keeping animals, ever since the famous artist and nonsense-poet Edward Lear was employed there in the 19th century to paint pictures of the Earl's collection.
The park is open to the public and customers drive around the park in their own vehicles. There is a bypass route past the baboons for those who wish to avoid the risk of the baboons damaging their cars. In 2009 the baboons made the news all over the world when a video was released showing how they were intelligent and curious enough to open car roofboxes.
Tiger Trail
Amur Tiger Trail opened 25 May 2018, home to the Amur Tiger otherwise known as the Siberian Tiger. The area is 10,000m2 and includes forested areas, natural streams and ponds.
The Equatorial Trail
This exhibit focuses on animals who thrive in habitats around the Earth's Equator. The exhibit also houses the 'Equatorial Express', a small train which visitors can ride to gain a unique viewpoint of the animals. 4 completely different species of animals are housed in this exhibit, the South American tapir, Sitatunga, Rhea and the Capybara.
African Elephant
Until 2017 the park housed a herd of 4 adult cows named Tana, Ashanti, Nala and Juba. They were transported to Zoo Parc d'Beauval, France to enter the European Breeding Programme and allow for transformations on Knowsley Safari's Foot Safari. Knowsley previously housed a bull named Nissim, who collapsed in June 2014. Knowsley also recently lost their cow named Shaba due to a long battle with elephant arthritis.
Southern White Rhinoceros
Knowsley's crash of 11 adult rhinos is one of the most successful and genetically diverse breeding groups in Europe. The latest calf (as at 4 June 2016), Nomvula (Mother of Rain – a reference to the recent wet weather), born to mum Meru and is the 19th to be born at the facility in the last 40 years. Nomvula is Meru's 6th calf and was born on 2 January 2016.
Safari Drive
The Safari Drive is the park's main attraction and contains over 29 species of animals in 7 zones.
Zone 1+11
This zone contains: Père David's deer, Yak, Kiang and Bactrian camel.
Zone 2+8
This zone contains: Blackbuck, Nilgai, Eld's deer, Chital (Axis Deer) and Barasingha.
Zone 3+4+6
Zone 6 is over 100 acres and contains over a mile of road. It is one of Knowsley's two white rhino paddocks and is one of the largest in the UK. This zone contains: Southern White Rhino, Roan antelope, Eland, Lechwe, Wildebeest, Plains Zebra, African Forest Buffalo, Ostritch and Waterbuck.
Zone 5
This zone contains: Blesbok and Bongo
Zone 7
This zone contains exclusively the Olive baboon, which are famous for removing windscreen wipers and other appendages off vehicles. There is a car-friendly route which totally removes this zone however is still visible from outside the perimeter. This leads directly to zone 6.
Zone 9
This zone contains: European Bison, Fallow Deer and European Moose
Zone 10
This zone contains: Lion, and the Somali wild ass. This zone previously housed African wild dog, Iberian Wolf and Siberian Tiger.
All information correct and sourced from the Knowsley Safari Guide Book 2018 and edited by an editor who loves animals.
Railway and other attractions
The park features a 15 in (381 mm) gauge railway, 'The Lakeside Railway', on which visitors may tour parts of the site. There is also a collection of amusements and fairground rides on site plus paintballing, off-road driving challenges, and aerial extreme ropewalks.
A baboon house was added in 2006, along with African wild dogs that same year, a lion and tiger house in 2007. Red river hogs and marmosets were also added to the walkaround section, as well as an outdoor pool.
Animal care
In January 2011, local animal rights activists held a peaceful demonstration after an inspection by government vets found one instance of a breach of regulations on the disposal of animal ‘by-products’. Pictures in the Daily Mail showed animals lying dead on the ground and in binbags, although the park's directors claim the pictures were staged by the photographer, whose husband the paper claimed had recently lost his job at the park. The park has since installed an enclosure for the storage of animal carcasses before disposal. The British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquariums (BIAZA) later said it had ‘full confidence’ in Knowsley and praised its ‘excellent standards of animal husbandry and welfare’.
'GENETIC ROULETTE" by Jeffrey Smith with a Foreward by Michael Meacher, former UK Environment Minister
Agency Staff Member, Mr. Souleymane BADO, reviews freshly prepared semi-solid growth medium for use in establishing plant samples under aseptic conditions. This is also a method for rapidly multiplying plant samples, maintaining or transporting them while economising space. (IAEA Plant Breeding Unit, Seibersdorf, Austria, 31 May 2006)
Photo Credit: Dean Calma / IAEA
Lisa Winn, Dorena Genetic Resource Center Manager, giving a program update. Region 6 Forest Health Protection annual technical meeting. Regional Office, Edith Green Wendell Wyatt Building. Portland, Oregon.
Photo by: Richard Sniezko. USFS, Dorena Genetic Resource Center. Cottage Grove, Oregon.
Date: November 15, 2017
Image provided by USDA Forest Service, Region 6, State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection: www.fs.usda.gov/main/r6/forest-grasslandhealth
A composite I put together using PSE 11, Topaz Remask and Topaz Adjust for Down Under Challenge #630
Frank-Bernard provided the challenge image of the owl.
"Let's Raise Fish that Say No to Drugs". I think fish that can say anything at all would be pretty remarkable.
Just what exactly is Whole Foods advocating here? Genetically modified frankenfish with human vocal chords? I shudder to contemplate.
Poster in the Whole Foods store, Arabella Station, Uptown New Orleans.