!* NATURE has many Faces ☵ Structures ☵ Read RULES!
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Founders Grove in Humboldt Redwoods State Park. HDR processed with Lightroom, Aurora HDR and Photoshop.
"There are dark shadows on the earth, but its lights are stronger in the contrast." ~ Charles Dickens
alternatrips.gr/en/makedonia/kavala/halil-bey-mosque-kavala
Halil Bey Mosque and yard is situated in the old town of Kavala and is a beautiful place to visit.
Full of colors and built on a great architecture mode, Halil Bey Mosque or "Old Music" as we call it now is a great sight to visit.
wikimapia.org/12748754/Palia-Mousiki-preserved-mosque
Restored during 2008, until early 20th century it used to be a Muslim mosque named after Halil Bey probably the owner or founder of the mosque. It is now restored and transformed to a museum-like building, during restoration works ruins and parts of an Orthodox Christian church were found beneath its foundations, a common phenomenon for the old town of Kavala where many different civilizations lived in different times in the same small, wall-restricted area of Kavala's castle town.
There is a glass floor so people can see the church underneath.The greek name of the building is "Palia Mousiki" meaning Old Music.
Nearby cities: Kavala, Municipality of Panorama, Polihni
Coordinates: 40°55'57"N 24°24'55"E
The Founder's Hall Gate of Higashi Honganji.
The head temple of the Ōtani-ha branch of Jōdo Shinshū.
真宗大谷派本山 / 東本願寺
京都市下京区常葉町754
Created for Photoshop Contest week 991
www.flickr.com/groups/photoshopcontest/discuss/7215772192...
Thanks to Gillian Everett for starter image
www.flickr.com/photos/gilleverett/11411089336/in/photolis...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durlston_Castle
Durlston Castle stands within Durlston Country Park, a 1.13 square-kilometre (280-acre) country park and nature reserve stretching along the coastline south of Swanage, on the Isle of Purbeck in Dorset.
History
John Mowlem[1] (1788-1868), a Swanage-born man, was a stonemason and builder. He was the founder of the quarrying and construction company Mowlem. He and his nephew and business partner George Burt[2] (1816-1894) wanted to give something back to their home town, which was the source of their Portland and Purbeck limestone, popular for building at the time. John Mowlem built the Mowlem Institute, a reading room and public library, in 1862. George Burt purchased an undulating tract of land covering Durlston Head during the same year. This estate, the Durlston Estate, included quarries that supplied their firm with limestone. Burt developed this estate as a tourist attraction.
Burt established the Durlston Estate upon the crest of the hill and here he built his folly Durlston Castle. The castle was designed by the Weymouth architect G.R. Crickmay (1830-1907) and built by W.M. Hardy in 1886-87 entirely of local stone. The 'castle' was never a real castle: it was purpose-built by Burt as a restaurant for the visitors to his estate.
The castle played a part in the evolution of radio and telecommunications. A team of Marconi's engineers used the roof of the castle in the 1890s for some of their early wireless experiments to transmit to the Isle of Wight.
The castle passed through the hands of many owners until in 1973 it was bought by Dorset County Council.
Description
The side wall of the castle features a sundial and two stone tablets inscribed with various statistics such as clock times and tides around the world. South of the castle is the Great Globe, built by Burt in 1887.[3] The footpaths around the Castle and Great Globe are lined with cast iron bollards that were brought from London. All around the estate there are further stone plaques carved with quotations from Shakespeare and the Bible, maps showing the English Channel and the United Kingdom, and further facts about the natural world. These surrounds were placed during the period 1887 to 1891.
Also within the Durlston Country Park and within walking distance of the Globe are Durlston Bay, the Tilly Whim Caves and the Anvil Point Lighthouse. The Park is part of the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site.
Restoration
Durlston Castle and the Great Globe were both restored during 2010 and 2011 by the Council.[4][5] The castle now houses a new Visitor Centre to Durlston Country Park and National Nature Reserve, and stands as a gateway to the Jurassic Coast.
"There are dark shadows on the earth, but its lights are stronger in the contrast." ~ Charles Dickens
Representation of Joseph Smith, founder of the Mormon Church, as a sphinx located in Gilgal Garden.
Gilgal Sculpture Garden is a small public city park, located at 749 East 500 South in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. The park, which is filled with unusual symbolic statuary associated with Mormonism, notably to the Sphinx with Joseph Smith's head, was a labor of love designed and created by LDS businessman Thomas Battersby Child, Jr. (1888-1963) in his spare time. The park contains 12 original sculptures and over 70 stones engraved with scriptures, poems and literary texts. Gilgal Sculpture Garden is the only designated "visionary art environment" in the state of Utah.
The name "Gilgal" is sometimes translated to mean "circle of standing stones," an appropriate appellation for a sculpture garden. Gilgal is also the name of a city and a valley in The Book of Mormon, a sacred scripture in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. -- Courtesy Wikipedia
The Sphinx is the best-known sculpture in Gilgal Garden. It is also, Child wrote “the basis of thought or inspiration for all that is built around it.” The contrast of the unhewn stones arranged to suggest a crouching animal with the finely carved face of LDS Church founder Joseph Smith makes this a remarkable piece. Child carefully selected the huge quartzite stones to form the Sphinx’s body and hired sculptor Maurice Brooks to create the face using an oxyacetylene torch.
The Sphinx represents Child’s belief that the answers to life’s great questions cannot be discovered with the intellect, but only through faith. The sphinx is an ancient symbol of riddles and mystery. Joseph Smith’s face symbolizes Child’s conviction that the LDS Priesthood reveals to mankind the answers to life’s mysteries.
To see more of this quirky but fascinating sculpture garden check out my album here: www.flickr.com/photos/19779889@N00/albums/721777203075209...
Das Geschäftshaus der Gebrüder Georg und Heinrich Tietz in der Klosterstraße 64 in Berlin-Mitte, wurde erbaut 1904-1906 nach einem Entwurf des Architekten Georg Lewy erbaut. Der viergeschossige Bau streckt sich, mit zwei Höfen versehen, bis tief ins Grundstück hinein und reicht fast bis zur parallel verlaufenden Waisenstraße. Als reines Geschäftshaus war das Gebäude ursprünglich von mehreren Textilfirmen angemietet. Die Sandsteinfassade zeigt Schmuckelemente, die vom Jugendstil beeinflusst sind. Das Gebäude ist als Baudenkmal gelistet. Die Gebrüder Tietz handelten mit Posamenten und anderen Kurzwaren. Ob sie mit den Gründern der früher bedeutenden Kaufhauskette Tietz verwandt waren, ist nicht bekannt. Die jüdischen Eigentümer des Geschäftgshauses wurden nach 1933 von den Nazis enteignet.
Verschiedene Quellen
The commercial building owned by brothers Georg and Heinrich Tietz at Klosterstraße 64 in Berlin-Centre, was built between 1904 and 1906 based on a design by architect Georg Lewy. The four-storey building, which features two courtyards, extends deep into the property and almost reaches the parallel Waisenstraße. As a purely commercial building, it was originally leased by several textile companies. The sandstone façade features decorative elements influenced by Art Nouveau. The building is listed as a historical monument. The Tietz brothers traded in trimmings and other haberdashery. It is not known whether they were related to the founders of the once-important Tietz department store chain. The Jewish owners of the commercial building were expropriated by the Nazis after 1933.
Compiled from different sources
McDougall United Church near the village of Morley, Alberta, is also the grave site of its founder The Rev. George McDougall. Built in 1875, this is Alberta's oldest operational protestant church. For those of you who have not been to Western Canada, that is an indication of how young this part of the world is.
O Memorial JK é um museu na cidade de Brasília projetado por Oscar Niemeyer, inaugurado em 12 de setembro de 1981 e dedicado ao ex-presidente brasileiro Juscelino Kubitschek fundador da cidade de Brasília. No local, encontram-se o corpo de JK, diversos pertences, como sua biblioteca pessoal, e fotos tanto dele como de sua esposa Sarah.
The JK Memorial is a museum in the city of Brasilia designed by Oscar Niemeyer, opened on September 12, 1981 and dedicated to former Brazilian President Juscelino Kubitschek founder of the city of Brasilia. On site are the body of JK, many belongings as his personal library, and photos both him and his wife Sarah.
Brasília
The Zwaanendael Museum in Lewes was built in 1931 to commemorate the 300th anniversary of the founding of Delaware's first European settlement, Zwaanendael. The building design is based on the former city hall of Hoorn, Netherlands. The statue on top is of David Pieterszoon de Vries, founder of Zwaanendael.
On this day in 1780 the English prison reformer, social reformer & Quaker Elizabeth Fry was born.
Elizabeth Fry was one of Britain's most influential 19th century social reformers and is best known for her work on improving the conditions of Britain's gaols. Because of her work, first on the treatment of female prisoners at Newgate Prison and then more generally on the conditions in British and European gaols, she has often been referred to as the "angel of prisons".
Elizabeth was born on May 21st 1780 in Gurney Court, off Magdalen Street, Norwich, Norfolk, England into a prominent Quaker family, the Gurneys. Her father, John Gurney (1749–1809), was a partner in Gurney's Bank. Her mother, Catherine, was a member of the Barclay family who were among the founders of Barclays Bank. Her mother died when Elizabeth was twelve years old so as one of the oldest girls in the family, she was partly responsible for the care and education of the younger children.
She married Joseph Fry, who was also a Quaker, in August 1800 at the Norwich Goat Lane Friends Meeting House and moved to St Mildred's Court in the City of London. In 1811 she was recorded as a minister of the Religious Society of Friends.
Prompted by a family friend, Stephen Grellet, Fry visited Newgate Prison in 1813. The conditions she saw there horrified her. The women's section was overcrowded with women and children, some of whom had not even received a trial. The prisoners did their own cooking and washing in the small cells in which they slept on straw.
She returned the following day with food and clothes for some prisoners. She was unable to personally further her work for nearly four years because of difficulties within the Fry family, including financial difficulties in the Fry bank.
Fry returned in 1816 and was eventually able to fund a prison school for the children who were imprisoned with their mothers. Rather than attempt to impose discipline on the women, she suggested rules and then asked the prisoners to vote on them. In 1817 she helped found the Association for the Reformation of the Female Prisoners in Newgate. This association provided materials for women so that they could learn to sew patchwork which was calming and also allowed skills to develop, such as needlework and knitting which could offer employment when they were out of prison and then could earn money for themselves. This approach was copied elsewhere and led to the eventual creation of the British Ladies' Society for Promoting the Reformation of Female Prisoners in 1821. She also promoted the idea of rehabilitation instead of harsh punishment which was taken on by the city authorities in London as well as many other authorities and prisons.
Elizabeth Fry also campaigned for the rights and welfare of prisoners who were being transported. The women of Newgate Prison were taken through the streets of London in open carts, often in chains, huddled together with their few possessions. They were pelted with rotten food and filth by the people of the city. The fear was often enough to make women condemned to transportation riot on the evening before. Fry's first action was to persuade the Governor of Newgate prison to send the women in closed carriages and spare them this last indignity before transportation. She visited prison ships and persuaded captains to implement systems to ensure each woman and child would at least get a share of food and water on the long journey. Later she arranged each woman to be given scraps of material and sewing tools so that they could use the long journey to make quilts and have something to sell as well as useful skills when they reached their destination. She also included a bible and useful items such as string and knives and forks in this vital care package. Elizabeth Fry visited 106 transport ships and saw 12,000 convicts. Her work helped to start a movement for the abolition of transportation. Transportation was officially abolished in 1837, however Elizabeth Fry was still visiting transportation ships until 1843.
Fry wrote in her book Prisons in Scotland and the North of England that she stayed the night in some of the prisons and invited nobility to come and stay and see for themselves the conditions prisoners lived in. Her kindness helped her gain the friendship of the prisoners and they began to try to improve their conditions for themselves. Thomas Fowell Buxton, Fry's brother-in-law, was elected to Parliament for Weymouth and began to promote her work among his fellow MPs. In 1818 Fry gave evidence to a House of Commons committee on the conditions prevalent in British prisons, becoming the first woman to present evidence in Parliament.
Her humanitarian work didn’t stop at prisons. For example, she helped the homeless, establishing a "nightly shelter" in London after seeing the body of a young boy in the winter of 1819/1820. She also campaigned for the abolition of the slave trade and opened a training school for nurses. Her programme inspired Florence Nightingale, who took a team of Fry's nurses to assist wounded soldiers in the Crimean War.
Her work gained her admiration from people in high places. One such was Queen Victoria, who granted her an audience a few times before she was Queen and contributed money to her cause after she ascended to the throne. Another admirer was Robert Peel who passed several acts to further her cause including the Gaols Act 1823. The act was however largely ineffective, because there were no inspectors to make sure that it was being followed.
Fry died from a stroke in Ramsgate, England, on October 12th 1845. From 2001–2016, Fry was depicted on the reverse of £5 notes issued by the Bank of England.
*EXPLORED*
Saltwick Bay, Yorkshire
On Saltwick Bay near Whitby lies the wreck of a trawler named the Admiral Von Tromp which foundered In October 1976. How it became wrecked is a mystery which will never be fully solved.
The one man who could have solved the riddle died in the water that day.
At 1am the Skipper Frankie Taal set off from Scarborough Harbour. Mr Walter Sheader,(10 Longwestgate) Pierman on the West Pier helped cast them off. He stated that everything seemed normal and that the crew were definitely not drunk(if they had been the whole thing may have been easier to explain). Frankie Taal set a course for the Barnacle Bank fishing grounds - 45 miles NNE of Scarborough. He then had a cup of coffee then came back to check again on John Addison. Everything seemed normal and he went to bed leaving Addison on the wheel - he was an experienced man on the wheel.
Then skipper Frankie Taal was woken as the vessel was bumping and heeling. Crew member John Marton thought the boat had been run down - it simply didn't enter his mind that the boat could have gone on the rocks. The boat was heeling over off Black Nab on Saltwick Bay. The skipper was incredulous and asked Addison "What the hell are you doing!". He simply looked back in stunned silence.
How exactly did a modern boat with all the navigational aids run aground on Saltwick Bay. The weather wasn't bad and they had enough fuel? It was foggy but that shouldn't be a problem as they were not heading anywhere near the coastline. Captain Abbey from the coastguard even charted the boats course and when it sank it was heading due west. That was 90 degrees off course. The boat had been heading straight towards some of the worst rocks on the coast!
Strangest of all was the testimony of a senior nautical surveyor at the inquest. He stated that the boat if left to its devices would not have gone onto the rocks. It really was driven onto the rocks by a deliberate act.
Frankie Taal made valiant attempts to save the boat. They all put their Lifejackets on and then he tried to anchor the boat. Then the vessel turned broadside and it then started to fill with water. He had already sent out a mayday - having to get John Addison out of the way - who was still looking stunned and was powerless to act. The boat was now sinking in thick fog, with a heavy swell breaking on the stern.
The rescue proved very problematic. The boat was heeling over. Frankie Taal ordered the crew to hang onto the starboard side but the seas were too heavy. They instead went back into the wheelhouse. They stayed here for an hour. The wheelhouse slowly filled with water and in the end their heads were banging on the ceiling. In the end they had to leave through an open window - Skipper Taal was last out. Addison was already dead at this stage - drowned in the wheelhouse.
The rescue showed how difficult it is to save lives even in the modern age. The Whitby Lifeboat tried again and again to get near and failed. The Coxswain of the Lifeboat, Robert William Allen, even spoke to the skipper - who said that everyone was alive. The boat tried 7 times to get close. At one point the vessels even touched. Yet heavy seas and fog hampered the rescue. They could even have snatched the crew yet at that moment they were still imprisoned in the wheelhouse. Rocket lines were thrown by the Coastguard but again this failed because the crew were trapped inside the wheelhouse.
When they left the wheelhouse then problems were bound to occur. George Eves was on top of the wheelhouse yet a huge wave knocked him off. That was the last the skipper saw of him. He died drowned. Skipper, Taal was washed overboard and was eventually saved by the inshore Lifeboat. He drew their attention with his whistle on his Lifejacket. The Coastguard had thrown him a line but he did not have the strength to catch it. The other survivors were washed ashore.
It was a tragic loss with two men dead. Quite why it happened will never be explained - Addison died in the water. He drowned and pathology reports showed no signs of alcohol. He spoke to Alan Marton just after the accident happened just saying Oh Alan!" in a quiet apologetic voice. He seemed stunned and unable to act. Skipper Taal had to remove him from the wheel in order to try to rescue the boat.
The crew onboard the Admiral Von Tromp were:
- Frankie Taal, 35 Princess Street, who had 23 years at sea. Saved by inshore Lifeboat.
- Alan Marton, mate, 22 Longwestgate. Survived.
- Mr Anthony Nicholson, engineer, 6 Avenua Road.
- Mr George Edward Eves, East Mount Flats, Scarborough,fish hand. Who drowned
- Mr John 'Scotch Jack' Addison, Spreight Lane Steps, Drowned in the wheelhouse. His body was found on 25th October In Runswick Bay.
A Silver Medal was awarded to RNLI Lifeboat Coxswain Robert Allen. He had skillfully dropped anchor and tried to drift towards the trawler. A Bronze Medal to the Helmsman of the inshore Lifeboat, Richard Robinson, for taking Frankie Taal off Black Nab.
Source: Scarborough Evening News 11th November, 1976.
Edro III ran aground near the sea caves at Peyia, Cyprus having been blown off course during a storm in December 2011. I went for a b+w conversion for this even though the colours of the sea and the rocks were really cool. I was pleased to capture a couple of shadowy on-lookers which I hope adds a little mystery...
Based on the 10 minute award winning short film of the same title, Normal People Scare Me is a feature-length documentary sharing first-person accounts of life and living with autism. Created by Taylor Cross, a 17 year old aspiring film maker with high functioning autism, Normal People Scare Me highlights 65 interviews conducted over the past two years by Cross, with interview subjects representing different levels of abilities on the autism spectrum. The film's interview subjects range in age from 9 to 57 years. Cross asks subjects questions such as "What does autism look like from your perspective? Do you like or not like being autistic?; What do you want to be when you grow up?; to Have you ever been teased? The courageous kids, teens and adults Taylor interviews offer powerful, poignant, and deeply moving insight to life and living behind the many faces and mysteries of autism. In one of Cross' most moving interviews, he connects with surfing champion, Izzy Paskowitz of Surfers Healing. Izzy is revealing in his honesty and perspective on raising his son, Isaiah who suffers from severe autism. Other interviews feature young aspiring artists, poets, actors, college students, and a quirky special ed. bus driver. These are among the fascinating subjects this film explores. Cindy and Janice are no exception. Both of these mothers have autism and have kids with autism. Four sets of siblings with autism are interviewed. Graham Nash provides narration in the film, and singer/songwriter, Taylor Dane sings film's theme song "Locked Inside of Me", written by Joey Travolta and Jeff Less. Cross' mother, Keri Bowers, a disabilities advocate, author, speaker and founder of PAUSE4kids a non-profit serving the developmentally disabled joins her son Taylor and Joey Travolta in the making of this film. The threesome continue to speak and share the upcoming feature film throughout the country. Panel discussion includes Q&A about the making of the film; alternative interventions for supports; and social and life skill training for those with autism in the dramatic and fine and musical arts.—Anonymous
How about another autumn shot? The color is done down here. The tips of these aspen have been wind stripped. Who knew? We headed over through the old Lump Gulch mining area off the Peak-to-Peak Highway on our way to the Moffat Tunnel for fall colors and I found this on eDDie's circuitous route to the tunnel. Sheesh! We never found a single mountain peak at either end of the Peak-to-Peak Highway. Maybe this is as "peak" as we are likely to find. Not only that, it's hard to believe that the entire aspen works here might be one organism.
Here is more autumn and colorful leaves from my autumn treks but are these at peak. I probably have a load yet to edit. Some of 'em are a'comin', some of 'em are a'goin.' Wasn't that an old timey saying? These aspen are nearing peak o' the season are surely in a secluded spot. Fall is ever fickle here. This scene is kicking up my serious wanderlust; what's the time? Maybe it is possible to get lost in here? Could I get somewhere? Could I get nowhere? I suppose that someone wants me to finish rheir work project. I bet this would ba a dandy spot to sleep other than where the D&RGW Mallets were pounding their way up grade to the Moffat! The nights are nippy up here. Ahh, just my style. It's about time for southern newcomers who came to smoke, bail for winter.
Looks like a glorious spot for a trek to me! Who cares where it might lead. A guy can wander, take in the color and sniff up the perfume. Who knows what might turn up if I just took off.
The Cornwall brothers who established their ranch, "Ashcroft" in 1862, came originally from the village of Ashcroft in Gloucestershire, where their father had been vicar. When the CPR adopted the name Ashcroft for their station just east of the ranch (and what would become the townsite), the Cornwall's added "Manor" to the name of their home, making it Ashcroft Manor.
Ashcroft was founded in the 1860s, during the Cariboo Gold Rush, by two English brothers named Clement Francis Cornwall and Henry Pennant Cornwall, founders of Ashcroft Ranch, who emigrated to Canada from Ashcroft, at Newington Bagpath in Gloucestershire. The brothers had originally come in search of gold; however, on hearing stories from failed gold searchers they decided to found the town to give future gold searchers a place to saddle their horses. They sold flour to packers and miners, helping to make the community. Ashcroft was a major stop for trains, where mining supplies were dropped off.
- from 1908 "Lovell's Gazetteer of the Dominion of Canada" - ASHCROFT STATION, a post settlement and railroad depot on the C.P.R., in Yale co., B.C., about midway between Lytton and Kamloops, and 200 miles east of Vancouver. It is on the Thompson River, has a dry climate and light atmosphere, the surrounding district being excellent grazing land, on which much farming is done by irrigation and considerable stock raised. Ashcroft is the entrepot to the Cariboo district, via stage line to Barkerville, a distance of 287 miles. The village has a fine electric light plant and good water system; it has also 3 churches (Anglican, Presbyterian and Methodist), 10 stores, 3 hotels, 1 bank, 1 saw mill, 1 printing and newspaper office ("Ashcroft Journal"), besides express and telegraph offices. The population in 1908 was 500.
(from 1918 - Wrigley's British Columbia directory) - Ashcroft - on the main line, C. P. R. and C. N. R., 204 miles east of Vancouver, in the Provincial Electoral District of Yale. Dominion and Canadian Northern Express. Altitude, 1,004 ft. Centre of the irrigated belt and noted particularly for its famous potatoes and beans. Stock-raising and mining. The population in 1918 was 500.
Ashcroft Station was an early settlement. Before the railway was established, Ashcroft Manor was a stopping point on the Cariboo Road. The post office was originally in the local store but was moved to the station. It was established - 1 March 1886. The name was shortened to Ashcroft - 1 April 1899.
LINK - History of the Postmasters and Postmistresses who served at Ashcroft - ashcroftbc.ca/wp-content/uploads/PDF/Museum/August-2016.pdf
sent from - / ASHCROFT / AP 19 / 05 / B.C / - split ring cancel (second opening) - this split ring hammer (A-3 / 22.5 dia) was not listed in the Proof Book - it was most likely proofed c. 1904 - (RF A).
arrived at - / VANCOUVER / 12 / AP 20 / 05 / B.C. / - cds arrival backstamp
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Addressed to: Mrs. R.S. Pyke / 1114 Haro Street / Vancouver / B.C.
This postcard was sent by her husband Robert Samuel Pyke, who was a Commercial Traveller / Salesman.
Robert Samuel Pyke
(b. 29 April 1861 in East Camden, Lennox and Addington, Ontario, Canada – d. 17 January 1927 at age 65 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada)
His wife - Kate Purdeaux
(b. 1861 in Belville, Ontario – d. 17 July 1945 at age 85 in Vancouver, B.C.)
They were married - 27 Jan 1886 at Kingston, Frontenac, Ontario, Canada - they had one son (who was mentioned in this postcard)
James Lorne Pyke
(b. 1 February 1894 in Vancouver, B.C. – d. 14 June 1973) his occupation was a Lawyer
The life story of Robert Samuel Pyke - (written in 1914) - ROBERT SAMUEL PYKE - One of the most widely known and popular traveling salesmen of British Columbia is Robert Samuel Pyke, representing the Gutta-percha & Rubber, Ltd. He has visited every section of the province and there is no man who has a more intimate knowledge of conditions and of the development and progress of this western section of the Dominion. He was born in Addington county, Ontario, April 30, 1861, a son of James and Martha (Stevenson) Pyke, both natives of Belfast, Ireland. The father was actively and successfully engaged in the shoe business in Addington county for many years, and in fact was identified with the shoe trade throughout his entire life. Both he and his wife passed away many years ago in Ontario. In the public schools of his native county Robert Samuel Pyke pursued his education to the age of fifteen years, when he entered his father's store, there continuing for a few years. In 1881 he came to Winnipeg and joined a surveying party, going thence to Portage la Prairie. From that point they walked to the present site of the town of Brandon, and Mr. Pyke has the distinction of having staked the first tent ever pitched by a white man on that townsite. He also helped to make a survey of the town, at which place the party arrived on the 26th of May, 1881. After spending the summer in Manitoba he went to Colorado, where he remained for one season, working in the shoe business. In the spring of 1882 he returned to Ontario, going to Kingston, out of which city he traveled as a salesman for leather and findings. Mr. Pyke continued in that business until 1890, when he came to Vancouver and joined his brother, J. A. Pyke, in the ownership and conduct of a retail shoe business. That association was maintained for twelve years, at the end of which time R. S. Pyke withdrew and associated himself with the Vancouver Rubber Company, Ltd., which on the first of January, 1913, was reorganized under the name of the Gutta-percha & Rubber, Ltd. Since becoming connected with the Vancouver Rubber Company he has traveled throughout the province from the international boundary to the Alaskan line and from the Alberta border to the Pacific coast. He covers this entire province twice yearly, and few men have known this vast area better in its primitive state and throughout, its various stages of development and advancement than Mr. Pyke. He is popular with the many patrons whom he has won for the corporation which he represents and is everywhere regarded as an enterprising, alert and progressive business man a splendid representative of commercial interests. In Kingston, Ontario, on the 27th of January, 1886, Mr. Pyke was united in marriage to Miss Kate Perdaux, of Belleville, Ontario, and they have one son, J. Loren, now a law student in the office of Burns & Walkem. The parents are active and faithful members of the Wesley Methodist church, of which Mr. Pyke is one of the board of governors. He has always been a conservative, active in politics and municipal affairs. In Vancouver he was made chairman of Ward Conservative Association and has since filled the intermediate offices until he is now president of the Vancouver Conservative Association for 1913. He is now serving his fourth year as a member of the board of license commissioners, during the first two years as a government appointee and during the last two by election of the people. His public record is most commendable, indicating his devotion to the general welfare and his loyalty to all that works for the betterment of city and province. He is also widely known in fraternal circles. Since 1891 he has been a member of the Independent Order of Foresters and has ever taken an active part in the work of that society. He was first elected high chief ranger of the high court of British Columbia and was active in its formation. He represented this province at two supreme court conventions, one at Los Angeles, California, in 1898, and the other in Atlantic City, New Jersey, in 1902. He is a typical representative of his age and district. He carries forward to successful completion whatever he undertakes and as the years go by his labors have been effective forces for success not only in business lines but in behalf of municipal advancement and general improvement.
Camel hair
Pencil, from Old French pincel, from late Latin penicillus a "little tail" originally referred to an artist's fine brush of camel hair, also used for writing before modern lead or chalk pencils.
Though the archetypal pencil was an artist's brush, the stylus, a thin metal stick used for scratching in papyrus or wax tablets, was used extensively by the Romans and for palm-leaf manuscripts.
As a technique for drawing, the closest predecessor to the pencil was silverpoint or leadpoint until, in 1565 (some sources say as early as 1500), a large deposit of graphite was discovered on the approach to Grey Knotts from the hamlet of Seathwaite in Borrowdale parish, Cumbria, England.
This particular deposit of graphite was extremely pure and solid, and it could easily be sawn into sticks. It remains the only large-scale deposit of graphite ever found in this solid form.
Chemistry was in its infancy and the substance was thought to be a form of lead.
Consequently, it was called plumbago (Latin for "lead ore").
Because the pencil core is still referred to as "lead", or "a lead", many people have the misconception that the graphite in the pencil is lead, and the black core of pencils is still referred to as lead, even though it never contained the element lead
The words for pencil in German (Bleistift), Irish (peann luaidhe), and some other languages literally mean lead pen.
The value of graphite would soon be realised to be enormous, mainly because it could be used to line the moulds for cannonballs; the mines were taken over by the Crown and were guarded.
When sufficient stores of graphite had been accumulated, the mines were flooded to prevent theft until more was required.
The usefulness of graphite for pencils was discovered as well, but initially graphite for pencils had to be smuggled out of England.
Because graphite is soft, it requires some form of encasement. Graphite sticks were initially wrapped in string or sheepskin for stability.
England would enjoy a monopoly on the production of pencils until a method of reconstituting the graphite powder was found in 1662 in Germany.
However, the distinctively square English pencils continued to be made with sticks cut from natural graphite into the 1860s. The town of Keswick, near the original findings of block graphite, still manufactures pencils, the factory also being the location of the Derwent Pencil Museum.
The meaning of "graphite writing implement" apparently evolved late in the 16th century.[18]
Wood encasement
Palomino Blackwing 602 pencils
Around 1560, an Italian couple named Simonio and Lyndiana Bernacotti made what are likely the first blueprints for the modern, wood-encased carpentry pencil. Their version was a flat, oval, more compact type of pencil.
Their concept involved the hollowing out of a stick of juniper wood. Shortly thereafter, a superior technique was discovered: two wooden halves were carved, a graphite stick inserted, and the halves then glued together—essentially the same method in use to this day.
Graphite powder and clay
The first attempt to manufacture graphite sticks from powdered graphite was in Nuremberg, Germany, in 1662. It used a mixture of graphite, sulphur, and antimony.
English and German pencils were not available to the French during the Napoleonic Wars; France, under naval blockade imposed by Great Britain, was unable to import the pure graphite sticks from the British Grey Knotts mines – the only known source in the world.
France was also unable to import the inferior German graphite pencil substitute.
It took the efforts of an officer in Napoleon's army to change this. In 1795, Nicolas-Jacques Conté discovered a method of mixing powdered graphite with clay and forming the mixture into rods that were then fired in a kiln.
By varying the ratio of graphite to clay, the hardness of the graphite rod could also be varied. This method of manufacture, which had been earlier discovered by the Austrian Joseph Hardtmuth, the founder of the Koh-I-Noor in 1790, remains in use. In 1802, the production of graphite leads from graphite and clay was patented by the Koh-I-Noor company in Vienna.
In England, pencils continued to be made from whole sawn graphite. Henry Bessemer's first successful invention (1838) was a method of compressing graphite powder into solid graphite thus allowing the waste from sawing to be reused.
United States
Pencil manufacturing.
The top sequence shows the old method that required pieces of graphite to be cut to size; the lower sequence is the new, current method using rods of graphite and clay
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American colonists imported pencils from Europe until after the American Revolution. Benjamin Franklin advertised pencils for sale in his Pennsylvania Gazette in 1729, and George Washington used a three-inch (7.5 cm) pencil when he surveyed the Ohio Country in 1762. William Munroe, a cabinetmaker in Concord, Massachusetts, made the first American wood pencils in 1812.
This was not the only pencil-making occurring in Concord. According to Henry Petroski, transcendentalist philosopher Henry David Thoreau discovered how to make a good pencil out of inferior graphite using clay as the binder; this invention was prompted by his father's pencil factory in Concord, which employed graphite found in New Hampshire in 1821 by Charles Dunbar.
Munroe's method of making pencils was painstakingly slow, and in the neighbouring town of Acton, a pencil mill owner named Ebenezer Wood set out to automate the process at his own pencil mill located at Nashoba Brook. He used the first circular saw in pencil production. He constructed the first of the hexagon- and octagon-shaped wooden casings. Ebenezer did not patent his invention and shared his techniques with anyone. One of those was Eberhard Faber, which built a factory in New York and became the leader in pencil production.
Joseph Dixon, an inventor and entrepreneur involved with the Tantiusques graphite mine in Sturbridge, Massachusetts, developed a means to mass-produce pencils.
By 1870, The Joseph Dixon Crucible Company was the world's largest dealer and consumer of graphite and later became the contemporary Dixon Ticonderoga pencil and art supplies company.
By the end of the nineteenth century, over 240,000 pencils were used each day in the US. The favoured timber for pencils was Red Cedar as it was aromatic and did not splinter when sharpened. In the early twentieth century supplies of Red Cedar were dwindling so that pencil manufacturers were forced to recycle the wood from cedar fences and barns to maintain supply.
One effect of this was that "during World War II rotary pencil sharpeners were outlawed in Britain because they wasted so much scarce lead and wood, and pencils had to be sharpened in the more conservative manner – with knives.
It was soon discovered that incense cedar, when dyed and perfumed to resemble Red Cedar, was a suitable alternative. Most pencils today are made from this timber, which is grown in managed forests.
Over 14 billion pencils are manufactured worldwide annually. Less popular alternatives to cedar include basswood and alder.
In Southeast Asia, the wood Jelutong may be used to create pencils (though the use of this rainforest species is controversial).
Environmentalists prefer the use of Pulai – another wood native to the region in pencil manufacturing.
Eraser attachment
Attached eraser on the left; Pencil lead on the right
On 30 March 1858, Hymen Lipman received the first patent for attaching an eraser to the end of a pencil.
According to the superstition of the Shingon Buddhist school, there are no dead in Okunoin, but only waiting spirits. As the story is told, one day Kukai (774-835), better known in Japan under the name of Kobo Daishi, the founder of the religious community of Mount Koya, came out of meditation upon the arrival of Miroku, the Buddha of the future.
So all the souls in transit resting in the graves or of whom the hair or ashes had been placed by their loved ones in front of the Kukai Mausoleum, also rose up. Pending the advent of this apocalyptic prophecy, the number of graves in Okunoin continues to increase and already counts more than two hundred thousand and is the largest cemetery in the archipelago.
A glimpse of the afterlife
Cross the Ichi Hashi no bridge, which opens the way to Okunoin is like crossing a bridge between two worlds. Just before, the faithful join hands and bow to show their respect to Kukai.
On the other side, the atmosphere is different, the air is charged with the sacred. The dizzying cedars that dot the first graves hide the sky and the end of the paved road that runs up through the wood. The styles of the burial memorials vary too much for the eye to dwell on each of them, but the most spectacular cenotaphs attract attention, such as the one an insecticide company dedicated to its termite victims.
Leaving the main path and venturing amid forgotten tombs with eroded stone or covered with moss, allows you to realize that here, Nature has reclaimed its rights. Conversely, the secondary entrance of the cemetery, located across from the Okunoin-mae bus stop, leads to the more recent tombs made with refined granite, as if varnished, artificial, taking away all individuality from their eternal residents. Another sign of modernity, the offerings themselves have changed and soda cans have joined incense and sutras (words attributed to the Buddha or his immediate disciples).
Along the main path, do not be surprised by the accessories worn by the statues of Buddhas, who often have a vermilion bib. The are offerings that mothers leave to protect their children in this world or to bring them luck in the afterlife.
The tension mounts
Following the path to the north, after crossing the bridge in the middle, Naka no Hashi, another Gobyo no Hashi, announced the passage into a more advanced level of the sacred. The walkway, of which the thirty-six boards are engraved on the back with Buddhist deities, is itself considered as such. It is necessary to, once again, to bowing with your hand together to invoke Kûkai /admin/articles/edit/1555before going across.
The area you come to requires the utmost respect. Food, drinks and photographs are not allowed. A little further, on the left, a wooden cabin houses the Miroku stone, which, when lifted weighs the sins of the person. Through small gaps in the walls, it is possible to access the stone and it is customary to try to lift it with one hand to place high up on a shelf.
Once you have completed this test, the Toro-do emerges through the trees. This Lantern pavilion houses hundreds of luminous wonders, some of which, according to legend, have been burning unabated for over nine hundred years! A flame in the depths of the night, it is the last building before the holy heart of the cemetery, the ultimate pilgrimage that justifies coming this far into the forest for many devout believers, the eternal dwelling of Kukai.
"The innermost sanctum"
The Okunoin, which is the literal meaning, is above all a place of contemplation. The thousands of graves are eclipsed! By this single sepulcher, which is however inaccessible to ordinary mortals. The Gobyo is said to house the famous Kobo Daishi, who continues to meditate, without a sigh. Each day, meals are deposited at the door in support of his effort, while monks and laymen reflect in silence and recite sutras in a low voice. Everyone is free to respresent the venerable one in his cramped interior. Whatever happens, the doors remain closed.
Day and night, braving clouds of mosquitoes in summer or gloomy foggy days, visitors flock in all weather to Okunoin, especially on Obon day, when Rôsoku matsuri takes place and the monks of Koyasan light thousands of candles along the paths. One day is not enough to grasp the its extent and many lives would be necessary to discover all its secrets. Despite this, strangely for a cemetary, its tranquility soothes the souls of through it. Probably because, impassive in his retreat, Kukai is watching over them.
I’m very excited to bring my first movie review of 2017 to you guys today! I’m going to set a goal for myself to see more movies than I did in 2016, so it all starts here with The Founder! Well, technically this movie is a 2016 movie, but that’s only because it came in limited release in December for Oscar consideration, but since it was in wide release this weekend, I’m counting this movie as a 2017 movie. I was very excited to see this movie because I thought this story was one that needed to be told and I really liked the trailers. Anyways, let’s check it out!
Good: Like I said before, I’m glad that this story was told because the creation of McDonald’s is really interesting and they adapted the story very well in this movie. Everyone in the cast gave a stellar performance, Michael Keaton as Ray Kroc was obviously the best part of this movie, I think this is my favorite performance of his besides Birdman. This movie really was a rollercoaster of how you felt about Kroc. At first, you felt bad for him and you rooted for him when he was creating this McDonald’s empire, it felt like a true american story. But then you really started to hate him as the movie continued on because of the way he treated the McDonald brothers. Speaking of the McDonalds brothers, also enjoyed the character of Dick McDonald played by Nick Offerman. The way Offerman captured Dick McDonald and all the things he invented for McDonald’s was so cool and how he and Kroc clashed in this movie was thrilling! The other performances were great in this movie, but I feel like those two stood out the most. Now I think my favorite part of this movie was the aesthetic. What I mean is I dig the 60s fast food restaurant vibe this movie had, it made me want to go back in time and have an original McDonald's burger and fries! Anyways, I think the filmmakers perfectly captured the time period of this movie!
Bad: My biggest complaints I have with this movie are really just technical stuff. I was not a fan of the sound mixing and the editing of this movie. In terms of sound, I felt this movie was really muffled and quiet, the soundtrack wasn’t all that great either. As for the editing, I caught some really weird flaws in the editing. There’s this one moment where Kroc’s at the cashier counter and McDonald’s and there there two area where you could order, Kroc was at first ordering from the left cashier, and then when they gave him his food, he was all the sudden on the ride cashier, like the the scene was accidently mirrored or something. My final gripe with this film was I wasn’t quite a fan of the storyline between Kroc and his wife, I don’t think they did a good job portraying it, those scenes felt rather lifeless.
In the end, I had a really good time watching the “origin story” of McDonald’s and this rather “rise of an empire” feel it had. I believe if you are either interested in the movie by the story, the trailers, or the performances that may get some Oscar nods, you should definitely go see this movie! I’m going to give The Founder an 8/10. If you have seen this movie, let me know what you thought of it in the comments below!
Today's morning shot is my copycat image in honour of Chris Maverick, the the founder who saw Stephen Poff's 365 project here on flickr and set up the 365 Group which so many of us have joined and got so much out of.
There are currently well over 8000 members worldwide of this phenomenal group. Having completed the year long project myself I feel proud that I did it and so much good has come from it. The friendships and inspirations from being in it are amazing. Undoubtedly the best project I have ever done. There are many spin off groups. When he started 365 Days, he never had an idea that this thing would explode the way it has.
Day 3 of Morning week.
For Flickr Group Roulette and Founder's Day.
Taken at the 2019 Piedmont Founder's Day celebration
Each of the volunteers was asked to play a game of charades where the audience had to guess the action