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Seth Brown, PhD Candidate, Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, George Mason University. Seth’s talk entitled “To Green or Not to Green: Modeling Incentive-based Programs for Green Infrastructure Investment on Private Properties"
Abstract: Communities are in need of cost-effective and innovative strategies for stormwater management infrastructure investments. This need is driven by the fact that stormwater pollution is the only major source of increasing water pollution across much of the country including sensitive waterbodies such as the Chesapeake Bay. In reaction to this significant and growing source of water pollution, regulations at the Federal, State and local level continue to become more stringent, the level of treatment for runoff continues to increase. This reaction by the regulatory sector is driving an increase in stormwater infrastructure investment needs. The use of green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) and retention-based standards is on the rise across the U.S., but it is still considered a novel or innovative approach in many areas. The basis of the interest in GSI from the stormwater and wet weather sector is based upon the premise that retaining water on-site is more cost-effective in addressing issues such as combined sewer overflows (CSOs), treats the pollution within runoff while replenishing groundwater resources, and provides co-benefits water quality and quantity treatment, such as improved air quality, enhanced property values, and improved social well-being.
Considering that the goal of GSI is to retain runoff on-site, which is a decentralized approach to stormwater management that impacts significant segments of the landscape, the issue of treating stormwater on all types of properties, including private property is on the rise. This issue is multiplied for regulated entities who cannot meet regulatory requirements by implementing GSI on publically-owned land alone. For this reason, some municipalities are investigating the use of incentive-based programs to address the significant amount of stormwater runoff treatment required in permits. Understanding how incentive-based programs function requires a method of analysis reflecting the disaggregated and varying nature of decision-making by individuals, which can be irrational, inconsistent and driven by both monetary and non-monetary factors. Unlike idealized and mechanized systems, the dynamics associated with large populations of individual decision-makers is inherently non-deterministic. The field of computational social science has arisen to simulate how large populations of decision-makers behave, and what patterns emerge based upon varying initial conditions by using tools such as cellular automata and agent-based modeling (ABM). This approach is consistent with the investigation investment policies and strategies associated with the GSI adoption at the site level by private property owners, which is at the heart of the proposed research associated with this presentation.
The presentation will provide an overview of a methodology developed to simulate the amount and distribution of GSI investment in a given area based upon the use of incentive-based frameworks, such as a traditional fee/credit approach as well as non-traditional approaches, with an example being the Stormwater Retention Credit program established recently by the District Department of Environment (DDOE) that proposes to trade retention “credits” across the District to take advantage of cost heterogeneity and generate GSI implementation in area that can stand to benefit the most from the environmental, economic and social benefits associated with this infrastructure. Policies and strategies associated with these approaches, such as subsidies, project aggregation and escalating fee and rebate scales, will be discussed as well.
Chicago South Shore & South Bend Railroad Pullman-built 4 on a fan trip at Calumet Avenue near Hammond, Indiana on October 23, 1965, Kodachrome by Chuck Zeiler.
Chicago South Shore & South Bend Railroad 16 & 11 at the Randolph Street Station in Chicago, Illinois on an unknown day in February 1982, Kodachrome by Chuck Zeiler.
On 2nd of November 2010 after 3 years I have closed my 1 page scrolling portfolio website.
The web in these 3 years developed incredibly fast but my old site was still doing his good impression...
I will always remember my first codes of css to build it and the nice scrolling javascript :)
Riccardo Fala - Portfolio website - june 2007 / nov 2010
first 10 mins sounded like razors in my ears, the sound was horrible, but soon enough they kicked off.. i broke a few ribs while jumping around maniacally. other people's of course. well it's not my fault they were standing still.
Chicago South Shore & South Bend Railroad Pullman built 5 at Michigan City, Indiana on an unknown day in May 1979, Kodachrome by Chuck Zeiler. The appears to be a black smoke stain on the side of 5, possibly indicating an electrical failure.
CSS performs Aug. 1, 2008, at Lollapalooza day one in Chicago. More photos: www.undergroundbee.com/2008/08/01css/index.htm
Built in 2009 at the site on the Neuse River where the CSS Neuse was fitted out from 1863 - 1864, the CSS Neuse II is a full-sized, fully fitted out replica. Interior compoartments and equipment are replicated as well as all external features. The Neuse II is the only 100% complete life-sized Civil War ironclad replica (the life-sized replica of USS Monitor in Newport News, Virginia, is an external model only with no internal compartments). Kinston, North Carolina (Nathanael Miller, 6 Feb. 2018)