Airlines: of Central Africa
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La seta, con una altura de más de 10 metros, es una de las formaciones más representativas del paisaje de Ennedi, la vasta región del noreste de Chad que se ha convertido en Patrimonio de la Humanidad por la Unesco tanto por su extraordinario paisaje como por la gran cantidad de grabados y pinturas rupestres que albergan sus cuevas y paredes de arenisca, prueba de que la región fue habitada hace varios miles de años.
Empezamos a descubrir la Reserva Natural y Cultural de Ennedi. Durante cinco días recorreremos muchos rincones de esta fascinante región, Patrimonio de la Humanidad por la UNESCO.
TT-AAM SE-210-V1R Caravelle Republique du Tchad - ex United and Transavia
(scan from my collection - not my shot)
Exposition Marie-Laure de Decker
Photojournaliste des situations de guerre : Vietnam, Tchad, Jordanie, Yemen, Chili,...
Exposition à la Maison Européenne de la Photographie
Paris, France
"Tango-Bravo-Charlie" as a support flight since President of Chad flew the 75W GainJet SX-RFA as "Chad 001". [TTABC]
From around 11,000 - 3,000 BCE the Sahara was green, during the African Humid Period it was not desert, but lightly wooded savanna grassland, when this was the case Scimitar-horned Oryx would have been very common across northern Africa. Later depictions in Ancient Egyptian tomb art and in Roman mosaics suggest that they were still common in those days, but after the Roman period, the population of oryx started to gradually decline, as the climate changed and Africa became drier, however, they still survived in good numbers around the fringes of the Sahara up until the 20th century. Then their population went into steep decline, particularly following the introduction of better firearms and motor vehicles, hunters could kill more animals, more easily and gain access to areas of the Saharan region that would previously have been difficult to reach. The combination of habitat loss, competition with domestic livestock and overhunting, resulted in their extinction north of the Sahara, and a major reduction in numbers south of the Sahara, by the 1960s only one significant population remained in the Ouadi Rimé Ouadi Achim Game Reserve known as the OROA in central Chad. Unfortunately, civil war between the Chadian army and northern rebels backed by Colonel Gaddafi, made it too dangerous for rangers to operate in the reserve and these last wild oryx were poached, likely killed for meat by both sides during the conflict, sometime in the 1980s the Oryx likely became extinct, surveys conducted in the 90s found only skulls and horns, in the year 2000 the IUCN declared that the Scimitar-horned Oryx was extinct in the wild.
Luckily, in the 1960s when the oryx was still common in the OROA, fifty Oryx were captured to start a captive breeding programme, the animals were sent to zoos in the USA and from there to Europe and then around the world. During the 90s some captive oryx were returned to their natural habitat in fenced reserves in Tunisia and Morocco, but being fenced in they are not truly wild. Around a decade ago conservationists started to plan the reintroduction of oryx to the OROA, to re-establish a wild population in their last known home. Oryx were selected from zoos around the world including Marwell Zoo in the UK, to create a world herd of oryx at the Delaika Breeding Centre in Abu Dhabi, oryx from this herd would then be sent to Chad and ultimately released into the wild in the OROA. The first oryx in this project run by the Sahara Conservation Fund, were released in 2016, the plan is to release 500 oryx. Already the population in the OROA has grown to around 500, but a few more animals will be brought and released to bring the number of released animals up to 500.
December 2023 update, when I visited OROA in 2022 six years after the start of the oryx reintroduction project, despite there being a significant number of oryx back in the wild and plenty of wild born calves, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature still classified the SHO as Extinct in the Wild, however, they have just published their latest reassessment of the SHO and have changed their classification to Endangered. Thus, the Scimitar-horned Oryx’s return to the wild is now officially recognised and the wild population in OROA stands at over 600, this is a huge milestone for the project.
From around 11,000 - 3,000 BCE the Sahara was green, during the African Humid Period it was not desert, but lightly wooded savanna grassland, when this was the case Scimitar-horned Oryx would have been very common across northern Africa. Later depictions in Ancient Egyptian tomb art and in Roman mosaics suggest that they were still common in those days, but after the Roman period, the population of oryx started to gradually decline, as the climate changed and Africa became drier, however, they still survived in good numbers around the fringes of the Sahara up until the 20th century. Then their population went into steep decline, particularly following the introduction of better firearms and motor vehicles, hunters could kill more animals, more easily and gain access to areas of the Saharan region that would previously have been difficult to reach. The combination of habitat loss, competition with domestic livestock and overhunting, resulted in their extinction north of the Sahara, and a major reduction in numbers south of the Sahara, by the 1960s only one significant population remained in the Ouadi Rimé Ouadi Achim Game Reserve known as the OROA in central Chad. Unfortunately, civil war between the Chadian army and northern rebels backed by Colonel Gaddafi, made it too dangerous for rangers to operate in the reserve and these last wild oryx were poached, likely killed for meat by both sides during the conflict, sometime in the 1980s the Oryx likely became extinct, surveys conducted in the 90s found only skulls and horns, in the year 2000 the IUCN declared that the Scimitar-horned Oryx was extinct in the wild.
Luckily, in the 1960s when the oryx was still common in the OROA, fifty Oryx were captured to start a captive breeding programme, the animals were sent to zoos in the USA and from there to Europe and then around the world. During the 90s some captive oryx were returned to their natural habitat in fenced reserves in Tunisia and Morocco, but being fenced in they are not truly wild. Around a decade ago conservationists started to plan the reintroduction of oryx to the OROA, to re-establish a wild population in their last known home. Oryx were selected from zoos around the world including Marwell Zoo in the UK, to create a world herd of oryx at the Delaika Breeding Centre in Abu Dhabi, oryx from this herd would then be sent to Chad and ultimately released into the wild in the OROA. The first oryx in this project run by the Sahara Conservation Fund, were released in 2016, the plan is to release 500 oryx. Already the population in the OROA has grown to around 500, but a few more animals will be brought and released to bring the number of released animals up to 500.
December 2023 update, when I visited OROA in 2022 six years after the start of the oryx reintroduction project, despite there being a significant number of oryx back in the wild and plenty of wild born calves, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature still classified the SHO as Extinct in the Wild, however, they have just published their latest reassessment of the SHO and have changed their classification to Endangered. Thus, the Scimitar-horned Oryx’s return to the wild is now officially recognised and the wild population in OROA stands at over 600, this is a huge milestone for the project.
El Parque Nacional de Ennedi es Patrimonio de la Humanidad desde 2016, en parte por las caprichosas formaciones rocosas erosionadas a lo largo del tiempo, que contrastan con la arena del desierto, pero sobre todo por los numerosos abrigos y cuevas que albergan infinidad de pinturas rupestres de varios milenios de antigüedad.
Quelque part entre le Soudan et le Tchad, ces deux lacs perchés dans une cuvette rocheuse semblent bien isolés, et chacun d’un bleu très different… pas sûr que le coin soit très habité… ça m’évoque, bizarrement, des œufs sur le plat, mais ça doit être parce que c’est l’heure de déjeuner… (et nous on a seulement droit aux œufs en poudre 😒😉)
Somewhere between Sudan and Chad, these two lakes seem very isolated, each with their own shade of blue. Weirdly I cannot help but think they look like two fried eggs, but that must be because I am hungry and time for breakfast! Unfortunately no eggs on station , nor a frying pan 🍳, best we can do is powdered egg. 😝
Credits: ESA/NASA–T. Pesquet
513B4456
Las diatomeas son algas unicelulares que se encuentran fosilizadas en la superficie del desierto, residuos del lago Mega Chad, que dio nombre al país y que tuvo su máxima extensión hace 7000 años. A menudo se encuentran en estas curiosas formaciones que se generan cuando el viento arrastra la arena sobre arbustos o rocas.
El polvo de diatomeas es rico en nutrientes y contribuye a la fertilización de la región del Amazonas, hasta donde llega empujado por los vientos del este.
Encontramos este paisaje cerca de Faya-Largueau, pero es frecuente por toda la región.
laderasur.com/articulo/diatomeas-las-microscopicas-algas-...
www.tiempo.com/ram/11022/el-polvo-africano-mantiene-la-fl...
'Tango-Bravo-Fox' about to land on RWY07 with very shy first ray of light. I wish it landed 30min later... [TTABF]
A member of Zakouma National Park's anti-poaching teams communicates with headquarters, 24 March 2016. The rangers use GPS technology to stay close to the national park's herds of elephants. There were 4350 elephants in 2002 but only 443 in 2014. However, the most recent aerial survey in March 2016 showed the first increase in the population for more than a decade with 483 elephants recorded including 81 calves under the age of three.