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The Vaal River, South Africa's longest river after the Orange River is an awesome sight especially
early morn or at dusk.
Russia, Murmansk region, Kola Peninsula, Khibiny, South Chorrgorr Pass
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Россия, Мурманская область, Кольский полуостров, Хибины, перевал Южный Чорргорр
Source: Scan of an original photograph.
Image: P30212.
Date: 5th May 1977.
Copyright: © 1977 Swindon Advertiser.
Used by kind permission.
Repository: Local Studies at Swindon Central Library.
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The source of this river is almost visible on bottom right: water, wind and erosion have done the rest. Striking landscape over 100s of kms
La source de cette rivière est presque sur celle-ci, en bas à droite. L’érosion semble avoir griffé toute une partie de la photo, comme un tableau lacéré…
Credits: ESA/NASA
134E3013
©Sekitar --- All rights reserved. Please don't use this image on websites, blogs or other media without my explicit permission.
Tijdens het festival weekend 13-15 augustus 2022, op de bocq spoorlijn 3 verschillende stammen rijtuigen ingezet. Deze werden omkaderd door verschillende locomotieven.
De 5404 van de NMBS is met 3 M1 rijtuigen onderweg naar Spontin, achterop hangt de 5205.
Spontin Source, 13 augustus 2022.
Source: Scan of an original photograph.
Image: P31463.
Date: c.1929.
Photographer: Maylott, Swindon.
Repository: Local Studies, Swindon Central Library.
Source: Digital image.
Set: WIL04.
Date: c1905.
Photographer: William Hooper.
HOOPER COLLECTION COPYRIGHT P.A. Williams.
Repository: From the collection of Mr P. Williams.
Local Studies at Swindon Central Library.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propylaea_(Munich)
The Propylaea (German:Propyläen) is a city gate in Munich at the west side of Königsplatz.
Source: Digital image.
Date: c1910.
Photographer: William Hooper.
HOOPER COLLECTION COPYRIGHT P.A. Williams.
Repository: From the collection of Mr James Greenslade
Used here by his very kind permission.
Local Studies at Swindon Central Library
Source: Scan of a photograph.
Image: P7815.
Date: Unknown.
Repository: Local Studies at Swindon Central Library.
www.swindon.gov.uk/localstudies
For more information, please take a look at the excellent website for the Wilts & Berks Canal Trust:
Source: Digital image.
Date: c1910.
Photographer: William Hooper.
HOOPER COLLECTION COPYRIGHT P.A. Williams.
Repository: From the collection of Mr P. Williams.
Used here by his very kind permission.
Local Studies, Swindon Central Library.
Source: Digital image.
Date: c1910.
Photographer: William Hooper.
HOOPER COLLECTION COPYRIGHT P.A. Williams.
Repository: From the collection of Mr P. Williams.
Used here by his very kind permission.
Local Studies at Swindon Central Library.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triberg_im_Schwarzwald
Triberg im Schwarzwald is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located in the Schwarzwald-Baar district in the Black Forest. In 2004, it had a population of 5,377. Triberg lies in the middle of the Black Forest between 500 and 1038 metres above sea level.
The Triberg Waterfalls, a series of waterfalls in the Gutach River, are among the tallest in Germany. With a total vertical drop of 151m (496 feet), the falls are shorter than the tallest waterfall in Germany, the Röthbachfall. However, the Triberg Falls are better known and have easier public access.
Elektrizitäts-Gesellschaft Triberg, a regional utility, was founded 1896 by Friedrich Wilhelm Schoen, Wilhelm Eduard von Schoen and the famous industrialist and inventor Carl von Linde. It is still active today and partially owned by local municipalities. Watchmaking was once a thriving local industry, but no longer plays a central role in the economy. A private hospital, Asklepios Klinik, is the town's major employer. The number of inhabitants decreased from 8,000 to 5,000.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Forest
The Black Forest (German: Schwarzwald) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany. It is bounded by the Rhine valley to the west and south. Its highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres (4,898 ft). The region is roughly oblong in shape with a length of 160 km (99 mi) and breadth of up to 50 km (31 mi).
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triberg_Waterfalls
Triberg Falls is one of the highest waterfalls in Germany with a descent of 163 m (at between 711 and 872 metres above sea level), and is a landmark in the Black Forest region. Above Triberg, in the midst of Black Forest, the Gutach river plunges over seven major steps from a gently undulated high plain into a rocky V-shaped valley.
In Triberg, at the bottom of the falls, the deep valley forms a basin just wide enough for a small town. The steep basin and the waterfalls were initially formed by two faults in the granite and then by glaciers during several glaciations of the Pleistocene.
Triberg with its waterfalls is a popular tourist spot, attracting a large number of both domestic and foreign tourists each year. The upper part of the falls is less spectacular. Here the water is used by a small and very old hydroelectric power plant.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoover_Dam
Hoover Dam is a concrete arch-gravity dam in the Black Canyon of the Colorado River, on the border between the U.S. states of Nevada and Arizona. Constructed between 1931 and 1936, during the Great Depression, it was dedicated on September 30, 1935, by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Its construction was the result of a massive effort involving thousands of workers, and cost over 100 lives. In bills passed by Congress during its construction, it was referred to as the Hoover Dam, after President Herbert Hoover, but was named Boulder Dam by the Roosevelt administration. In 1947, the name Hoover Dam was restored by Congress.
Since about 1900, the Black Canyon and nearby Boulder Canyon had been investigated for their potential to support a dam that would control floods, provide irrigation water, and produce hydroelectric power. In 1928, Congress authorized the project. The winning bid to build the dam was submitted by a consortium named Six Companies, Inc., which began construction in early 1931. Such a large concrete structure had never been built before, and some of the techniques used were unproven. The torrid summer weather and lack of facilities near the site also presented difficulties. Nevertheless, Six Companies turned the dam over to the federal government on March 1, 1936, more than two years ahead of schedule.
Hoover Dam impounds Lake Mead and is located near Boulder City, Nevada, a municipality originally constructed for workers on the construction project, about 30 mi (48 km) southeast of Las Vegas, Nevada. The dam's generators provide power for public and private utilities in Nevada, Arizona, and California. Hoover Dam is a major tourist attraction, with 7 million tourists a year. The heavily traveled U.S. Route 93 (US 93) ran along the dam's crest until October 2010, when the Hoover Dam Bypass opened.
Source: hoover.archives.gov/hoovers/hoover-dam
85 years after its completion, Hoover dam is still considered an engineering marvel. It is named in honor of President Herbert Hoover, who played a crucial role in its creation.
For many years, residents of the American southwest sought to tame the unpredictable Colorado River. Disastrous floods during the early 1900’s led residents of the area to look to the federal government for aid, and experiments with irrigation on a limited scale had shown that this arid region could be transformed into fertile cropland, if only the river could be controlled. The greatest obstacle to the construction of such a dam was the allocation of water rights among the seven states comprising the Colorado River drainage basin. Meetings were held in 1918, 1919 and 1920, but the states could not reach a consensus.
Herbert Hoover had visited the Lower Colorado region in the years before World War I and was familiar with its problems and the potential for development. Upon becoming Secretary of Commerce in 1921, Hoover proposed the construction of a dam on the Colorado River. In addition to flood control and irrigation, it would provide a dependable supply of water for Los Angeles and Southern California. The project would be self-supporting, recovering its cost through the sale of hydroelectric power generated by the dam.
In 1921, the state legislatures of the Colorado River basin authorized commissioners to negotiate an interstate agreement. Congress authorized President Harding to appoint a representative for the federal government to serve as chair of the Colorado River Commission and on December 17, 1921, Harding appointed Hoover to that role.
When the commission assembled in Santa Fe in November 1922, the seven states still disagreed over the fair distribution of water. The upstream states feared that the downstream states, with their rapidly developing agricultural and power demands, would quickly preempt rights to the water by the “first in time, first in right” doctrine. Hoover suggested a compromise that the water be divided between the upper and lower basins without individual state quotas. The resulting Colorado River Compact was signed on November 24, 1922. It split the river basin into upper and lower halves with the states within each region deciding amongst themselves how the water would be allocated.
A series of bills calling for Federal funding to build the dam were introduced by Congressman Phil D. Swing and Senator Hiram W. Johnson between 1922 and 1928, all of which were rejected. The last Swing-Johnson bill, titled the Boulder Canyon Project Act, was largely written by Hoover and Secretary of the Interior Hubert Work. Congress finally agreed, and the bill was signed into law on December 21, 1928 by President Coolidge. The dream was about to become reality.
On June 25, 1929, less than four months after his inauguration, President Herbert Hoover signed a proclamation declaring the Colorado River Compact effective at last. Appropriations were approved and construction began in 1930. The dam was dedicated in 1935 and the hydroelectric generators went online in 1937. In 1947, Congress officially "restored" Hoover's name to the dam, after FDR's Secretary of the Interior tried to remove it. Hoover Dam was built for a cost of $49 million (approximately $1 billion adjusted for inflation). The power plant and generators cost an additional $71 million, more than the cost of the dam itself. The sale of electrical power generated by the dam paid back its construction cost, with interest, by 1987.
Today the Hoover Dam controls the flooding of the Colorado River, irrigates more than 1.5 million acres of land, and provides water to more than 16 million people. Lake Mead supports recreational activities and provides habitats to fish and wildlife. Power generated by the dam provides energy to power over 500,000 homes. The Hoover Compromise still governs how the water is shared.
Additional Foreign Language Tags:
(United States) "الولايات المتحدة" "Vereinigte Staaten" "アメリカ" "美国" "미국" "Estados Unidos" "États-Unis"
(Nevada) "نيفادا" "内华达州" "नेवादा" "ネバダ" "네바다" "Невада"
(Arizona) "أريزونا" "亚利桑那州" "एरिजोना" "アリゾナ州" "애리조나" "Аризона"
(Hoover Dam) "سد هوفر" "胡佛水坝" "हूवर बांध" "フーバーダム" "후버 댐" "Гувера" "Presa Hoover"
The source that popularized this pictorial maxim is a 17th century carving over a door of the famous Tōshō-gū shrine in Nikkō, Japan. The carvings at Toshogu Shrine were carved by Hidari Jingoro, and believed to have incorporated Confucius’s Code of Conduct, using the monkey as a way to depict man’s life cycle. There are a total of 8 panels, and the iconic three wise monkeys picture comes from panel 2. The philosophy, however, probably originally came to Japan with a Tendai-Buddhist legend, from China in the 8th century (Nara Period). It has been suggested that the figures represent the three dogmas of the so-called middle school of the sect. (from wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_wise_monkeys)
Macro Monday project – 04/23/12
"3”
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Angelo,_Texas
San Angelo is a city in and the county seat of Tom Green County, Texas, United States. Its location is in the Concho Valley, a region of West Texas between the Permian Basin to the northwest, Chihuahuan Desert to the southwest, Osage Plains to the northeast, and Central Texas to the southeast. According to a 2019 Census estimate, San Angelo had a total population of 101,004. It is the principal city and center of the San Angelo metropolitan area, which had a population of 118,182.
San Angelo is home to Angelo State University, historic Fort Concho, and Goodfellow Air Force Base. Common nicknames of the city include Angelo, the Concho City, the Pearl of the Conchos, and the Oasis of West Texas.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Angelo_Museum_of_Fine_Arts
The San Angelo Museum of Fine Arts is an art museum serving 14 counties located in San Angelo, Texas. The museum features a growing permanent collection and is home to traveling exhibitions. In addition, it features a research library, an education wing, a rooftop sculpture collection, and community meeting space.
Additional Foreign Language Tags:
(United States) "الولايات المتحدة" "Vereinigte Staaten" "アメリカ" "美国" "미국" "Estados Unidos" "États-Unis"
(Texas) "تكساس" "得克萨斯州" "टेक्सास" "テキサス" "텍사스" "Техас"
(San Angelo) "سان أنجيلو" "圣安吉洛" "सैन एंजेलो" "サンアンジェロ" "산 안젤로" "Сан-Анджело"
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Canyon
The Grand Canyon is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in Arizona, United States. The Grand Canyon is 277 miles (446 km) long, up to 18 miles (29 km) wide and attains a depth of over a mile (6,093 feet or 1,857 meters).
The canyon and adjacent rim are contained within Grand Canyon National Park, the Kaibab National Forest, Grand Canyon–Parashant National Monument, the Hualapai Indian Reservation, the Havasupai Indian Reservation and the Navajo Nation. The surrounding area is contained within the Baaj Nwaavjo I'tah Kukveni – Ancestral Footprints of the Grand Canyon National Monument. President Theodore Roosevelt was a major proponent of the preservation of the Grand Canyon area and visited it on numerous occasions to hunt and enjoy the scenery.
Nearly two billion years of Earth's geological history have been exposed as the Colorado River and its tributaries cut their channels through layer after layer of rock while the Colorado Plateau was uplifted. While some aspects about the history of incision of the canyon are debated by geologists, several recent studies support the hypothesis that the Colorado River established its course through the area about 5 to 6 million years ago. Since that time, the Colorado River has driven the down-cutting of the tributaries and retreat of the cliffs, simultaneously deepening and widening the canyon.
For thousands of years, the area has been continuously inhabited by Native Americans, who built settlements within the canyon and its many caves. The Pueblo people considered the Grand Canyon a holy site, and made pilgrimages to it. The first European known to have viewed the Grand Canyon was García López de Cárdenas from Spain, who arrived in 1540.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Canyon_National_Park
Grand Canyon National Park is a national park of the United States located in northwestern Arizona, the 15th site to have been named as a national park. The park's central feature is the Grand Canyon, a gorge of the Colorado River, which is often considered one of the Wonders of the World. The park, which covers 1,217,262 acres (1,901.972 sq mi; 4,926.08 km2) of unincorporated area in Coconino and Mohave counties, received more than 4.7 million recreational visitors in 2023. The Grand Canyon was designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1979. The park celebrated its 100th anniversary on February 26, 2019.
Source: www.nps.gov/grca/index.htm
Entirely within the state of Arizona, the park encompasses 278 miles (447 km) of the Colorado River and adjacent uplands. Located on the ancestral homelands of 11 present day Tribal Communities, Grand Canyon is one of the most spectacular examples of erosion anywhere in the world—a mile deep canyon unmatched in the incomparable vistas it offers visitors from both north and south rims.
Additional Foreign Language Tags:
(United States) "الولايات المتحدة" "Vereinigte Staaten" "アメリカ" "米国" "美国" "미국" "Estados Unidos" "États-Unis" "ארצות הברית" "संयुक्त राज्य" "США"
(Arizona) "أريزونا" "亚利桑那州" "אריזונה" "एरिजोना" "アリゾナ州" "애리조나" "Аризона"
(Grand Canyon) "جراند كانيون" "大峡谷" "גרנד קניון" "ग्रांड कैन्यन" "グランドキャニオン" "그랜드 캐니언" "Гранд-Каньон" "Gran Cañón"
Source: Digital image.
Album: WIL04.
Date: c1905.
Photographer: William Hooper.
HOOPER COLLECTION COPYRIGHT P.A. Williams.
Repository: From the collection of Mr P. Williams.
Local Studies at Swindon Central Library.
Anse Source d'Argent és una de les més famoses i boniques de tot el món, i té fama de ser la més fotografiada. Segur que l'heu vista en més d'un salvapantalles tropical, o anunci de desodorant! Anse Source d'Argent es troba a la costa sud de l'illa de La Digue, a les Seychelles, i només s'hi pot anar a peu.
Ah, i tingueu en compte que en el procés de fer aquestes fotos, el meu mòbil va morir en combat. Endevineu com...
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Anse Source d'Argent is, so they say, the most photographed beach in the World. I could be. Certainly it's gorgeously beautiful, and I can bet something that all of you have seen it in some screensaver or in a tv ad. It's located in the southern shore of La Digue Island, Seychelles.
Looks pacific and idylic, but in the process of taking these pictures my mobile phone went KIA because I was so inmersed in water and the camera, that forgot my mobile in my pocket! :-(
www.worldsbestbeaches.net/seychelles/anse-source-dargent-...
www.threebestbeaches.com/asia/seychelles/2005/10/anse-sou...
Source: Digital image.
Album: WIL04.
Date: c1910.
Photographer: William Hooper.
HOOPER COLLECTION COPYRIGHT P.A. Williams.
Local Studies at Swindon Central Library.
© all rights reserved by B℮n
Liptovský region in Slovakia is very rich in natural beauty, the beautiful mountain ranges, nature and historical monuments. Liptovské Sliače is no exception and lies in the middle of the valley of the Sliačanky river, at an altitude ranging from 500 to 1261 meters. The village of the district of Ruzomberok has 3777 inhabitants. In the vicinity of the National Nature Reserve Sliačske travertíny with the Mofet source. The village was founded from three villages, of which two - and Nizhny Middle Sliač originated in the 13th century. In 2001 they celebrated their 750th birthday from the village. The third village of Vyšný Sliač originated in the early 16th century. Already this century had a common name Tri Sliače. In Sliače is a Gothic church of Simon and Judas dating from the 14th century, later cultivated and uncovered 14th and 15th century murals. Rich folk traditions, songs and dance are held by the local folklore group Sliačanka. They even join the international folklore festivals. Our holiday home booked via aeda7.sk is a classic Slovak house suitable for 10 people. It consists of 2 parts each with its own entrance. It is a nicely decorated house, each of which has a private bathroom. For a nice, cosy atmosphere, there is also a fireplace. The house has a large, modern kitchen.
Our Large holiday home in classic Slovakian style - in Liptovské Sliace, Slovakia. We had a great stay at AEDA Chalupa. AEDA is the abbreviation of the first letters of the owners four daughters. The house is centrally located in Slovakia.
Liptovský regio in Slowakije is zeer rijk aan natuurlijke schoonheid, de mooie en diverse bergketens, de natuur en historische monumenten. Liptovské Sliače is geen uitzondering en ligt midden van de vallei van de rivier Sliačanky, op een hoogte die varieert 500-1261 meter. Het dorp van de wijk Ruzomberok heeft 3777 inwoners. In de omgeving van de National Nature Reserve Sliačske travertíny met de Mofet bron. Het dorp werd gesticht samen uit drie dorpen, waarvan er twee - en Nizhny Midden Sliač is ontstaan in de 13e eeuw. In 2001 vierde ze haar 750e verjaardag van het dorp. Het derde dorp Vyšný Sliač is ontstaan in het begin van de 16e eeuw. Reeds in deze eeuw had een veel voorkomende naam Tri Sliače. In Sliače is een gotische kerk Simon en Judas uit de 14e eeuw, later verbouwd en ongedekte muurschilderingen uit de 14e en 15e eeuw. Rijke volkstradities, liederen en dansen worden gehouden door de plaatselijke folklore groep Sliačanka. Ze doen zelfs mee met de internationale folklore festivals. Ons vakantiehuis geboekt via aeda7.sk is een klassiek Slowaaks huis dat geschikt is voor 10 personen. Het bestaat uit 2 delen met ieder een eigen ingang. Het is een netjes ingericht huis, waarvan iedere slaapkamer een eigen badkamer heeft. Voor een gezellige sfeer is er ook een open haard. Het huis heeft een grote, moderne keuken.
Source Images:
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Processing:
Fusion F.3 (HDR; Mode 1)
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis
St. Louis is an independent city and inland port in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is situated along the western bank of the Mississippi River, which marks Missouri's border with Illinois. The Missouri River merges with the Mississippi River just north of the city. These two rivers combined form the fourth longest river system in the world. The city had an estimated 2017 population of 308,626 and is the cultural and economic center of the St. Louis metropolitan area (home to nearly 3,000,000 people), which is the largest metropolitan area in Missouri, the second-largest in Illinois (after Chicago), and the 22nd-largest in the United States.
Before European settlement, the area was a regional center of Native American Mississippian culture. The city of St. Louis was founded in 1764 by French fur traders Pierre Laclède and Auguste Chouteau, and named after Louis IX of France. In 1764, following France's defeat in the Seven Years' War, the area was ceded to Spain and retroceded back to France in 1800. In 1803, the United States acquired the territory as part of the Louisiana Purchase. During the 19th century, St. Louis became a major port on the Mississippi River; at the time of the 1870 Census it was the fourth-largest city in the country. It separated from St. Louis County in 1877, becoming an independent city and limiting its own political boundaries. In 1904, it hosted the Louisiana Purchase Exposition and the Summer Olympics.
The economy of metropolitan St. Louis relies on service, manufacturing, trade, transportation of goods, and tourism. Its metro area is home to major corporations, including Anheuser-Busch, Express Scripts, Centene, Boeing Defense, Emerson, Energizer, Panera, Enterprise, Peabody Energy, Ameren, Post Holdings, Monsanto, Edward Jones, Go Jet, Purina and Sigma-Aldrich. Nine of the ten Fortune 500 companies based in Missouri are located within the St. Louis metropolitan area. The city has also become known for its growing medical, pharmaceutical, and research presence due to institutions such as Washington University in St. Louis and Barnes-Jewish Hospital. St. Louis has two professional sports teams: the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball and the St. Louis Blues of the National Hockey League. One of the city's iconic sights is the 630-foot (192 m) tall Gateway Arch in the downtown area.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gateway_Arch
The Gateway Arch is a 630-foot (192 m) monument in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Clad in stainless steel and built in the form of a weighted catenary arch, it is the world's tallest arch, the tallest man-made monument in the Western Hemisphere, and Missouri's tallest accessible building. Built as a monument to the westward expansion of the United States, and officially dedicated to "the American people," the Arch, commonly referred to as "The Gateway to the West" is the centerpiece of Gateway Arch National Park and has become an internationally recognized symbol of St. Louis, as well as a popular tourist destination.
The Arch was designed by Finnish-American architect Eero Saarinen in 1947; construction began on February 12, 1963 and was completed on October 28, 1965 at an overall cost of $13 million (equivalent to $80.6 million in 2018). The monument opened to the public on June 10, 1967. It is located at the site of St. Louis's founding on the west bank of the Mississippi River.
Source: Digital image.
Set: WIL04.
Date: c1910.
Photographer: William Hooper.
HOOPER COLLECTION COPYRIGHT P.A. Williams.
Repository: From the collection of Mr P. Williams.
Used here by his very kind permission.
Local Studies at Swindon Central Library.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toledo,_Spain
Toledo is a city and municipality located in central Spain; it is the capital of the province of Toledo and the autonomous community of Castile–La Mancha. Toledo was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1986 for its extensive monumental and cultural heritage.
Toledo is known as the "Imperial City" for having been the main venue of the court of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and as the "City of the Three Cultures" for the cultural influences of Christians, Muslims and Jews reflected in its history. It was also the capital from 542 to 725 AD of the ancient Visigothic kingdom, which followed the fall of the Roman Empire, and the location of historic events such as the Visigothic Councils of Toledo. Toledo has a long history in the production of bladed weapons, which are now common souvenirs from the city.
People who were born or have lived in Toledo include Brunhilda of Austrasia, Al-Zarqali, Garcilaso de la Vega, Eleanor of Toledo, Alfonso X, Israeli ben Joseph, Halevi, and El Greco. As of 2015, the city had a population of 83,226 and an area of 232.1 km2 (89.6 sq mi).
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_de_Cervantes
Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra; 29 September 1547 (assumed) – 22 April 1616 NS) was a Spanish writer who is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the Spanish language and one of the world's preeminent novelists. His novel Don Quixote has been translated into over 140 languages and dialects; it is, after the Bible, the most-translated book in the world.
Don Quixote, a classic of Western literature, is sometimes considered both the first modern novel and the best work of fiction ever written. Cervantes' influence on the Spanish language has been so great that the language is often called la lengua de Cervantes ("the language of Cervantes"). He has also been dubbed El príncipe de los ingenios ("The Prince of Wits").
In 1569, in forced exile from Castile, Cervantes moved to Rome, where he worked as chamber assistant of a cardinal. Then he enlisted as a soldier in a Spanish Navy infantry regiment and continued his military life until 1575, when he was captured by Barbary pirates. After five years of captivity, he was released on payment of a ransom by his parents and the Trinitarians, a Catholic religious order, and he returned to his family in Madrid.
In 1585, Cervantes published La Galatea, a pastoral novel. He worked as a purchasing agent for the Spanish Armada and later as a tax collector for the government. In 1597, discrepancies in his accounts for three years previous landed him in the Crown Jail of Seville.
In 1605, Cervantes was in Valladolid when the immediate success of the first part of his Don Quixote, published in Madrid, signalled his return to the literary world. In 1607, he settled in Madrid, where he lived and worked until his death. During the last nine years of his life, Cervantes solidified his reputation as a writer, publishing Novelas ejemplares (Exemplary Novels) in 1613, Viaje del Parnaso (Journey to Parnassus) in 1614, and Ocho comedias y ocho entremeses and the second part of Don Quixote in 1615. His last work, Los trabajos de Persiles y Sigismunda (The Travails of Persiles and Sigismunda), was published posthumously in 1617.