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Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Order:Lagomorpha
Family:Leporidae
Genus:Lepus
Sub Species:L. timidus hibernicus
Binomial name
Lepus timidus hibernicus
Key information
English name:Irish hare
Latin name:Lepus timidus hibernicus
Irish name:Giorria (giorria sléibhe Éireannach)
Identifying feature:Large rabbit-like mammal with white tail and short ears.
Number of young:1-3 born mainly in spring and summer but can be found all year.
Diet:Wide range of plants.
Habitat:Found in a wide range of habitats from coastal to mountain top, including upland and lowland bogs and farmland.
TheIrishhareisoneofourmostwidespreadwildmammals,presentfromseashoreto
mountaintopandfamiliaronbogsaswellasonfarmland.ItisIreland’sonlynative
lagomorph(agroupwhichincludesallhareandrabbitspecies)TheIrishhareisasub-species
ofLepustimidus.Thisspecieshasawidespreaddistributionacrossthenorthernhemisphere,
fromIrelandtothePacificOcean.
OneofthemaindifferencesbetweentheIrishhareandothersub-speciesofLepustimidus is
thattheformerdoesnotturnwhiteinwinter.
Haresliveabovegroundandhavedevelopedparticularstrategiestocopewithsuchalife
style.Leverets(younghares)arebornfullyfurredwithopeneyesandarecapableofmoving
aboutsoonafterbirth.Thegestationperiodofthe Irishhareisabout50days.
Hareshavehighlydevelopedsensesofhearingandsmellandtheirvisionisgood,
particularlyformovingobjects.Theyarethereforewelladaptedforpredatordetection.
Oncediscovered,theharehastwomainstrategiesfor avoidingpredators– fightand
concealment.Theirlongpowerfulhindlimbsallowthemtooutrunmostpredators.
Ingeneral,harestendtobenocturnalanimals,feedingmainlyatnightandspendingtheday
inainactivestate.Inwinter,whenthenightsarelong,verylittledaytimeactivitymaybe
observed,butduringthespringwhenbreedingbehaviorusatitsheight.Thetwobest
knownimagesareofthe“madMarchhare”andthe“boxinghare”andbotharelinkedwith
breedingactivity.Afemaleharedue tocomeintooestrous(breedingcondition)willoften
haveanentourageofmaleswaitinginanticipation.Thecompetitionbetweenthesemales
andtheattemptsofthefemaletoavoidthem,oftenresultsinspectacularchasesand
fighting.Moreoftenthannot,boxingisbetweenanunwillingfemaleandanover-eager
male,ratherthanbetweentwomales.
Afemaleharewillusuallyhavetwotothreelittersinayear,withanaverageoftwotofour
youngineachlitter.
Insteadofmakinguseofburrowsforprotection,haresmakesheltersknownasforms.
Formsareusuallysituatedinlongervegetationinwhichharesmakeallowsusingtheirfront
legsandhead.Onceconstructed,ahareusuallybacksintoitsformsothatthelonger
vegetationsheltersthebodyandthereisaclearviewfromthefront.Thetypicalpositionfor
aninactivehareiscrouchinginaformwiththefrontlegstuckedunderthebodyandeyes
halfshut.Despitethisslumberingpose,acrouchingharereactsinstantlytodisturbanceand
either flattensdownfurtherinthesurroundingvegetation,sitsuptoinvestigate,orruns
away.
Haresareexclusivelyherbivorousandtheirdiettendstoreflectthetypeofhabitatinwhich
theyareliving.Thehareshaveastrategywhichenablesthemtoprocessfoodtwice,hence
utilizingproteinmadeavailablebyfermentationinthegut.Thisprocessiscarriedoutinthe
forestomachofruminates.Inharesittakesplaceintheirverylargecaecum.Following
fermentation,nutrientrichfaecalpelletsareformedwhichareconsumeddirectlyfromthe
anus.Thisprocessisknownascaecotropy.Thus,thefamiliarhardpelletsdepositedbyhares
areactuallytheremainsoffoodthathavepassedthroughtheanimal’sguttwice.
Althoughitisconsidertobealmostubiquitousthroughoutthecontry,thereisalackof
informationaboutthestatusoftheIrishhare.InEurope,Lepustimidusisprotectedunder
ArticlesixoftheBernConvention(theConventionoftheconservationofEuropeanwildlife
andnaturalhabitats)andislistedinAnnexVoftheEU“HabitatsDirective”.InIreland,the
hareisaquarryspecies,huntedinanopenseasonfromNovemberuntilMarch.Livehares
arealsotakenfromthewildforuseinenclosedcoursingmeetings(thecoursingseason
extendsfromtheendofSeptemberuntiltheendofFebruary).Thesurvivingharesarethen
re-releasedbackintothecountryside.Itisnotknownhowsuchexploitationaffects
populationsandbecauseacomprehensivenumericalsurveyhasneverbeencompleted,
thereisnobaselinedatawhichcanbeusedasabasisformonitoringwidespreadpopulation
dynamics.
Harepopulationscananddorespondrapidlytohabitatchanges.Smallmodifications,such
astheprovisionofsmallareasofuncultivatedgroundforshelter,andtheavailabilityof
shortstock-freepasture,canhelptoincreaseharenumberonfarmland.Inareaswherehare
numbershavedropped,strictcontrolsontheremovalofharescanallowpopulationstoreestablish
themselves.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Order:Lagomorpha
Family:Leporidae
Genus:Lepus
Sub Species:L. timidus hibernicus
Binomial name
Lepus timidus hibernicus
Key information
English name:Irish hare
Latin name:Lepus timidus hibernicus
Irish name:Giorria (giorria sléibhe Éireannach)
Identifying feature:Large rabbit-like mammal with white tail and short ears.
Number of young:1-3 born mainly in spring and summer but can be found all year.
Diet:Wide range of plants.
Habitat:Found in a wide range of habitats from coastal to mountain top, including upland and lowland bogs and farmland.
TheIrishhareisoneofourmostwidespreadwildmammals,presentfromseashoreto
mountaintopandfamiliaronbogsaswellasonfarmland.ItisIreland’sonlynative
lagomorph(agroupwhichincludesallhareandrabbitspecies)TheIrishhareisasub-species
ofLepustimidus.Thisspecieshasawidespreaddistributionacrossthenorthernhemisphere,
fromIrelandtothePacificOcean.
OneofthemaindifferencesbetweentheIrishhareandothersub-speciesofLepustimidus is
thattheformerdoesnotturnwhiteinwinter.
Haresliveabovegroundandhavedevelopedparticularstrategiestocopewithsuchalife
style.Leverets(younghares)arebornfullyfurredwithopeneyesandarecapableofmoving
aboutsoonafterbirth.Thegestationperiodofthe Irishhareisabout50days.
Hareshavehighlydevelopedsensesofhearingandsmellandtheirvisionisgood,
particularlyformovingobjects.Theyarethereforewelladaptedforpredatordetection.
Oncediscovered,theharehastwomainstrategiesfor avoidingpredators– fightand
concealment.Theirlongpowerfulhindlimbsallowthemtooutrunmostpredators.
Ingeneral,harestendtobenocturnalanimals,feedingmainlyatnightandspendingtheday
inainactivestate.Inwinter,whenthenightsarelong,verylittledaytimeactivitymaybe
observed,butduringthespringwhenbreedingbehaviorusatitsheight.Thetwobest
knownimagesareofthe“madMarchhare”andthe“boxinghare”andbotharelinkedwith
breedingactivity.Afemaleharedue tocomeintooestrous(breedingcondition)willoften
haveanentourageofmaleswaitinginanticipation.Thecompetitionbetweenthesemales
andtheattemptsofthefemaletoavoidthem,oftenresultsinspectacularchasesand
fighting.Moreoftenthannot,boxingisbetweenanunwillingfemaleandanover-eager
male,ratherthanbetweentwomales.
Afemaleharewillusuallyhavetwotothreelittersinayear,withanaverageoftwotofour
youngineachlitter.
Insteadofmakinguseofburrowsforprotection,haresmakesheltersknownasforms.
Formsareusuallysituatedinlongervegetationinwhichharesmakeallowsusingtheirfront
legsandhead.Onceconstructed,ahareusuallybacksintoitsformsothatthelonger
vegetationsheltersthebodyandthereisaclearviewfromthefront.Thetypicalpositionfor
aninactivehareiscrouchinginaformwiththefrontlegstuckedunderthebodyandeyes
halfshut.Despitethisslumberingpose,acrouchingharereactsinstantlytodisturbanceand
either flattensdownfurtherinthesurroundingvegetation,sitsuptoinvestigate,orruns
away.
Haresareexclusivelyherbivorousandtheirdiettendstoreflectthetypeofhabitatinwhich
theyareliving.Thehareshaveastrategywhichenablesthemtoprocessfoodtwice,hence
utilizingproteinmadeavailablebyfermentationinthegut.Thisprocessiscarriedoutinthe
forestomachofruminates.Inharesittakesplaceintheirverylargecaecum.Following
fermentation,nutrientrichfaecalpelletsareformedwhichareconsumeddirectlyfromthe
anus.Thisprocessisknownascaecotropy.Thus,thefamiliarhardpelletsdepositedbyhares
areactuallytheremainsoffoodthathavepassedthroughtheanimal’sguttwice.
Althoughitisconsidertobealmostubiquitousthroughoutthecontry,thereisalackof
informationaboutthestatusoftheIrishhare.InEurope,Lepustimidusisprotectedunder
ArticlesixoftheBernConvention(theConventionoftheconservationofEuropeanwildlife
andnaturalhabitats)andislistedinAnnexVoftheEU“HabitatsDirective”.InIreland,the
hareisaquarryspecies,huntedinanopenseasonfromNovemberuntilMarch.Livehares
arealsotakenfromthewildforuseinenclosedcoursingmeetings(thecoursingseason
extendsfromtheendofSeptemberuntiltheendofFebruary).Thesurvivingharesarethen
re-releasedbackintothecountryside.Itisnotknownhowsuchexploitationaffects
populationsandbecauseacomprehensivenumericalsurveyhasneverbeencompleted,
thereisnobaselinedatawhichcanbeusedasabasisformonitoringwidespreadpopulation
dynamics.
Harepopulationscananddorespondrapidlytohabitatchanges.Smallmodifications,such
astheprovisionofsmallareasofuncultivatedgroundforshelter,andtheavailabilityof
shortstock-freepasture,canhelptoincreaseharenumberonfarmland.Inareaswherehare
numbershavedropped,strictcontrolsontheremovalofharescanallowpopulationstoreestablish
themselves.
STAND: C27
Directores:
Topacio Fresh
Israel Cotes
Conde de Aranda, 5
28001 Madrid
España
Tel: +34 91 431 5151
info@lafreshgallery.com
ARTISTAS EXHIBIDOS
Gabriela Bettini
Juan Gatti
Bruce LaBruce
Slava Mogutin
Nacho Torra
ARTISTAS DE LA GALERÍA
Alaska & Mario
Artefacto
Gabriela Bettini
Bubi Canal
Ricardo Cases
Alberto de las Heras
David Delfín
Juan Pablo Echeverri
Juan Gatti
Mauro Guzmán
Jaro
Julio Jiménez Corral
Brian Kenny
Bruce LaBruce
Benito Laren
Iglesias Más
Fabio McNamara
Laura Mema
Slava Mogutin
Óscar Monzón
Héctor Orruño
Pablo Pérez Sanmartín
Gorka Postigo
Rubenimichi
Nacho Torra
STAND: C27
Directores:
Topacio Fresh
Israel Cotes
Conde de Aranda, 5
28001 Madrid
España
Tel: +34 91 431 5151
info@lafreshgallery.com
ARTISTAS EXHIBIDOS
Gabriela Bettini
Juan Gatti
Bruce LaBruce
Slava Mogutin
Nacho Torra
ARTISTAS DE LA GALERÍA
Alaska & Mario
Artefacto
Gabriela Bettini
Bubi Canal
Ricardo Cases
Alberto de las Heras
David Delfín
Juan Pablo Echeverri
Juan Gatti
Mauro Guzmán
Jaro
Julio Jiménez Corral
Brian Kenny
Bruce LaBruce
Benito Laren
Iglesias Más
Fabio McNamara
Laura Mema
Slava Mogutin
Óscar Monzón
Héctor Orruño
Pablo Pérez Sanmartín
Gorka Postigo
Rubenimichi
Nacho Torra
STAND: C27
Directores:
Topacio Fresh
Israel Cotes
Conde de Aranda, 5
28001 Madrid
España
Tel: +34 91 431 5151
info@lafreshgallery.com
ARTISTAS EXHIBIDOS
Gabriela Bettini
Juan Gatti
Bruce LaBruce
Slava Mogutin
Nacho Torra
ARTISTAS DE LA GALERÍA
Alaska & Mario
Artefacto
Gabriela Bettini
Bubi Canal
Ricardo Cases
Alberto de las Heras
David Delfín
Juan Pablo Echeverri
Juan Gatti
Mauro Guzmán
Jaro
Julio Jiménez Corral
Brian Kenny
Bruce LaBruce
Benito Laren
Iglesias Más
Fabio McNamara
Laura Mema
Slava Mogutin
Óscar Monzón
Héctor Orruño
Pablo Pérez Sanmartín
Gorka Postigo
Rubenimichi
Nacho Torra
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Order:Lagomorpha
Family:Leporidae
Genus:Lepus
Sub Species:L. timidus hibernicus
Binomial name
Lepus timidus hibernicus
Key information
English name:Irish hare
Latin name:Lepus timidus hibernicus
Irish name:Giorria (giorria sléibhe Éireannach)
Identifying feature:Large rabbit-like mammal with white tail and short ears.
Number of young:1-3 born mainly in spring and summer but can be found all year.
Diet:Wide range of plants.
Habitat:Found in a wide range of habitats from coastal to mountain top, including upland and lowland bogs and farmland.
TheIrishhareisoneofourmostwidespreadwildmammals,presentfromseashoreto
mountaintopandfamiliaronbogsaswellasonfarmland.ItisIreland’sonlynative
lagomorph(agroupwhichincludesallhareandrabbitspecies)TheIrishhareisasub-species
ofLepustimidus.Thisspecieshasawidespreaddistributionacrossthenorthernhemisphere,
fromIrelandtothePacificOcean.
OneofthemaindifferencesbetweentheIrishhareandothersub-speciesofLepustimidus is
thattheformerdoesnotturnwhiteinwinter.
Haresliveabovegroundandhavedevelopedparticularstrategiestocopewithsuchalife
style.Leverets(younghares)arebornfullyfurredwithopeneyesandarecapableofmoving
aboutsoonafterbirth.Thegestationperiodofthe Irishhareisabout50days.
Hareshavehighlydevelopedsensesofhearingandsmellandtheirvisionisgood,
particularlyformovingobjects.Theyarethereforewelladaptedforpredatordetection.
Oncediscovered,theharehastwomainstrategiesfor avoidingpredators– fightand
concealment.Theirlongpowerfulhindlimbsallowthemtooutrunmostpredators.
Ingeneral,harestendtobenocturnalanimals,feedingmainlyatnightandspendingtheday
inainactivestate.Inwinter,whenthenightsarelong,verylittledaytimeactivitymaybe
observed,butduringthespringwhenbreedingbehaviorusatitsheight.Thetwobest
knownimagesareofthe“madMarchhare”andthe“boxinghare”andbotharelinkedwith
breedingactivity.Afemaleharedue tocomeintooestrous(breedingcondition)willoften
haveanentourageofmaleswaitinginanticipation.Thecompetitionbetweenthesemales
andtheattemptsofthefemaletoavoidthem,oftenresultsinspectacularchasesand
fighting.Moreoftenthannot,boxingisbetweenanunwillingfemaleandanover-eager
male,ratherthanbetweentwomales.
Afemaleharewillusuallyhavetwotothreelittersinayear,withanaverageoftwotofour
youngineachlitter.
Insteadofmakinguseofburrowsforprotection,haresmakesheltersknownasforms.
Formsareusuallysituatedinlongervegetationinwhichharesmakeallowsusingtheirfront
legsandhead.Onceconstructed,ahareusuallybacksintoitsformsothatthelonger
vegetationsheltersthebodyandthereisaclearviewfromthefront.Thetypicalpositionfor
aninactivehareiscrouchinginaformwiththefrontlegstuckedunderthebodyandeyes
halfshut.Despitethisslumberingpose,acrouchingharereactsinstantlytodisturbanceand
either flattensdownfurtherinthesurroundingvegetation,sitsuptoinvestigate,orruns
away.
Haresareexclusivelyherbivorousandtheirdiettendstoreflectthetypeofhabitatinwhich
theyareliving.Thehareshaveastrategywhichenablesthemtoprocessfoodtwice,hence
utilizingproteinmadeavailablebyfermentationinthegut.Thisprocessiscarriedoutinthe
forestomachofruminates.Inharesittakesplaceintheirverylargecaecum.Following
fermentation,nutrientrichfaecalpelletsareformedwhichareconsumeddirectlyfromthe
anus.Thisprocessisknownascaecotropy.Thus,thefamiliarhardpelletsdepositedbyhares
areactuallytheremainsoffoodthathavepassedthroughtheanimal’sguttwice.
Althoughitisconsidertobealmostubiquitousthroughoutthecontry,thereisalackof
informationaboutthestatusoftheIrishhare.InEurope,Lepustimidusisprotectedunder
ArticlesixoftheBernConvention(theConventionoftheconservationofEuropeanwildlife
andnaturalhabitats)andislistedinAnnexVoftheEU“HabitatsDirective”.InIreland,the
hareisaquarryspecies,huntedinanopenseasonfromNovemberuntilMarch.Livehares
arealsotakenfromthewildforuseinenclosedcoursingmeetings(thecoursingseason
extendsfromtheendofSeptemberuntiltheendofFebruary).Thesurvivingharesarethen
re-releasedbackintothecountryside.Itisnotknownhowsuchexploitationaffects
populationsandbecauseacomprehensivenumericalsurveyhasneverbeencompleted,
thereisnobaselinedatawhichcanbeusedasabasisformonitoringwidespreadpopulation
dynamics.
Harepopulationscananddorespondrapidlytohabitatchanges.Smallmodifications,such
astheprovisionofsmallareasofuncultivatedgroundforshelter,andtheavailabilityof
shortstock-freepasture,canhelptoincreaseharenumberonfarmland.Inareaswherehare
numbershavedropped,strictcontrolsontheremovalofharescanallowpopulationstoreestablish
themselves.