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At Seltún, just off the road to Krýsuvík, is a solfatara field (Seltúnshverir) which contains fumaroles, mud pools and steaming ground. Fumaroles in the area deposit sulfur and sulphates on the ground near the vents. Fumaroles whose steam is rich in sulfur are called solfataras. The main sulfur area is a fumarole field that lies southwest of the boardwalk at Seltún.
Seltún is part of the large Krýsuvík Geothermal field which lies on one of the NE-SW trending volcanic systems that cross the Reykjanes Peninsula. in Iceland. The volcanic zones lie in the middle of the fissure zone on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge which traverses Iceland and are visible along the south of Reykjanes.
In the mid-20th century there were plans to develop the geothermal field for utilisation, including power production, and Seltún then became one of the main drilling targets. There are old drill pads to be seen near the path along the creek. According to the Iceland Geosurvey (ISOR) one of the "boreholes started erupting intermittently in the winter of 2010". They reported that an interval of a few days between the eruptions. We found the spot but on two different visits to the field I saw no sign of geyser activity. ISOR also reports "another old borehole blew up in 1999 forming a crater with a diameter of about 30 m, now filled by mud except where a flow of steam keeps boiling pits open". That unexpected explosion in 1999 reportly caused the geothermal project to be halted. The springs have been preserved due to the lack of drilling and geothermal exploitation.
Temperatures are over 200 degrees C just below the suface. Geologist from the Iceland Geosurvey believe "the water of the pools is surface water heated by steam from a boiling geothermal reservoir. Accompanying gases such as hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide acidify the water and alter the rock to clay. Only the uppermost 300 m of the reservoir at Seltún is boiling, i.e., follows the boiling curve in accordance with increasing pressure. Below this depth, a temperature inversion occurs, indicating that the boiling section is fed laterally from an upflow some distance away."
The geothermal field is located in the Reykjanes Geopark.
Geologic and geothermal info from Iceland GeoSurvey (ISOR) . Some text in the caption from their web page at: www.geothermal.is/17-seltun-high-temperature-area-solfataras
Beautiful view airborne heading just south of Greenland...
As we fly over the North Atlantic at 4:00 in the afternoon, local time – and then we landed 2 hours 3 minutes late, 4:53 in the afternoon, local time, in Charlotte, North Carolina, 10 hours 31 minutes after we took off in Frankfurt, Germany (not 53 minutes after this photo!)
I want to go visit Iceland! ...This is as close as I've gotten; so far...
The title refers to the feeling I had experienced once I saw this view. With all the boiling mudpools and steaming fumaroles it didn't not seem Earthly at all to me...
At the thermal baths / mud pool.
Vulcano has a thermal area, including a large mud pool, that is quite popular and very stinky.
A boiling spot smokes under the intense heat of Námafjall, Hverir in the East of Iceland.
Wiki Info: Krafla is a caldera of about 10 km in diameter with a 90 km long fissure zone, in the north of Iceland in the Mývatn region. Its highest peak reaches up to 818 m and it is 2 km in depth. There have been 29 reported eruptions in recorded history. The Krafla area also includes Námafjall, a geothermal area with boiling mudpools and steaming fumaroles.
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Just off the road to Krýsuvík is a solfatara field at Seltún, Iceland which contains mud pools, acidic hot springs; fumaroles and steaming ground. Fumaroles in the area deposit sulfur and sulphates on the ground near the vents. Fumaroles whose steam is rich in sulfur are called solfataras. The main sulphur area is a fumarole field that lies southwest of the boardwalk at Seltún but sulfur and sulphates occur around many of the steam vents, mud pools and acidic hot springs. Yellow spots of sulphur were visible to us as we strolled along the boardwalk.
Seltún is part of the large Krýsuvík Geothermal field which lies on one of the NE-SW trending volcanic systems that cross the Reykjanes Peninsula. The volcanic zones lie in the middle of the fissure zone on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge which traverses Iceland and are visible along the south of Reykjanes.
In the mid-20th century there were plans to develop the geothermal field for utilization, including power production, and Seltún then became one of the main drilling targets. There are old drill pads to be seen near the path along the creek. According to the Iceland Geosurvey (ISOR) one of the "boreholes started erupting intermittently in the winter of 2010". They reported that an interval of a few days between the eruptions. We found the spot but on two different visits to the field I saw no sign of geyser activity. ISOR also reports "another old borehole blew up in 1999 forming a crater with a diameter of about 30 m, now filled by mud except where a flow of steam keeps boiling pits open". That unexpected explosion in 1999 reportedly caused the geothermal project to be halted. The springs have been preserved due to the lack of drilling and geothermal exploitation.
Temperatures are over 200 degrees C just below the surface. Geologist from the Iceland Geosurvey believe "the water of the pools is surface water heated by steam from a boiling geothermal reservoir. Accompanying gases such as hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide acidify the water and alter the rock to clay. Only the uppermost 300 m of the reservoir at
Temperatures are over 200 degrees C just below the surface. Geologist from the Iceland Geosurvey believe "the water of the pools is surface water heated by steam from a boiling geothermal reservoir. Accompanying gases such as hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide acidify the water and alter the rock to clay. Only the uppermost 300 m of the reservoir at Seltún is boiling, i.e., follows the boiling curve in accordance with increasing pressure. Below this depth, a temperature inversion occurs, indicating that the boiling section is fed laterally from an upflow some distance away."
The geothermal field is located within the Reykjanes Geopark.
Geologic and geothermal info from Iceland GeoSurvey (ISOR) . is boiling, i.e., follows the boiling curve in accordance with increasing pressure. Below this depth, a temperature inversion occurs, indicating that the boiling section is fed laterally from an upflow some distance away."
The geothermal field is located in the Reykjanes Geopark.
Geologic and geothermal info from Iceland GeoSurvey (ISOR) . Some text in the caption from their web page at: www.geothermal.is/17-seltun-high-temperature-area-solfataras
This valley lies to the north of the Laugarvatn in the south of Iceland at 64°18′40″N 20°17′2″W.
There are to be seen some of the most famous sights of the island: the geysers and other geothermal features which have developed on Laugarfjall rhyolitic dome. The biggest geysers of Haukadalur are Strokkur and Geysir itself, which gave others their name. Strokkur is very dependable and erupts every 5 to 10 minutes, whereas the bigger Geysir only erupts 4 to 5 times a day. There are also more than 40 other little hot springs, mud pots and fumaroles nearby.
Haukadalur geothermal area was first mentioned in written sources in 1294, when the local hot springs were activated by earthquake. Earthquakes are known to activate local geysers also in the recent past, including 17th and 21st July 2000 earthquake. Due to geysers the valley has been the prime tourist attraction of Iceland since the 18th century.
The waterfall Gullfoss is about 10 km to the north in the direction of the Highlands of Iceland and at the beginning of the Kjölur highland road. Like Þingvellir, Haukadalur is part of the Golden Circle. (Wikipedia)
I don't know what the aim of the little white hiker in the lavafield was and I hope that he found his way back... anyway I thank him for making this interesting little spot in the vast black desert :)
Some facts about area around Krafla:
Krafla is a caldera of about 10 km in diameter with a 90 km long fissure zone, in the north of Iceland in the Mývatn region. Its highest peak reaches up to 818 m and it is 2 km in depth. There have been 29 reported eruptions in recorded history.
Krafla includes one of the two best-known Víti craters of Iceland (the other is in Askja). The Icelandic word "víti" means "hell". In former times, people often believed hell to be under volcanoes. The crater Víti has a green lake inside of it.
The Krafla area also includes Námafjall, a geothermal area with boiling mudpools and steaming fumaroles.
The Mývatn fires occurred between 1724–29, when many of the fissure vents opened up. The lava fountains could be seen in the south of the island and a lava flow destroyed three farms near the village of Reykjahlíð, although nobody was harmed.
Between 1975 and 1984 there was a volcanic episode within the Krafla volcano. It involved nine volcanic eruptions and fifteen uplift and subsidence events. This interrupted some of the Krafla drillfields. During these events a large magma chamber emerged. This has been identified by analysing the seismic activity.
Source: Wikipedia
Best on black. Press "L" for lightbox
Námafjall, a geothermal area in northern Iceland with boiling mudpools and steaming fumaroles. This photo doesn't really do a good job capturing the bubbling mudpools in action.
There were what I deemed as arctic fox tracks in the snow on the other side of where most of the foot traffic was.
Namafjall, Northern Iceland.
I just can't get enough of this geothermal area, so why not post another shot.
Here you can see the road disappearing in the mountains.
Behind there are boiling mud pools and steamy fumarols.
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Maybe you recognize this area from a earlier photo: www.flickr.com/photos/lighthearted/157429053/in/set-72157... I was "addicted" from first sight and visited this site several times. This photo is taken during the evening. It was freezing cold. Had to wear a woolen hat, mittens and two scarfs. But as you can see it was worth returning! The light is changing all the colors, this incredible shade of blue wasn´t there before.....
Krafla is a caldera of about 10 km in diameter with a 90 km long fissure zone, in the north of Iceland in the Mývatn region. Its highest peak reaches up to 818 m; it has erupted 29 times and it is 2km in depth.
Krafla includes one of the two best-known Víti craters of Iceland (the other is in Askja). The Icelandic word "víti" means "hell". In former times, people often believed hell to be under volcanoes. The crater Víti has a green lake inside of it.
The Krafla area also includes Námafjall, a geothermal area with boiling mudpools and steaming fumaroles.
The Mývatn fires occurred between 1724–29, when many of the fissure vents opened up. The lava fountains could be seen in the south of the island and a lava flow destroyed three farms near the village of Reykjahlíð, although nobody was harmed.
Between 1975 and 1984 there was a volcanic episode within the Krafla volcano. It involved nine volcanic eruptions and fifteen uplift and subsidence events. This interupted some of the Krafla drillfields. During these events a large magma chamber emerged. This has been identified by analysing the seismic activity.
Since 1977 the Krafla area has been the source of the geothermal energy used by a 60 MWe power station. A survey undertaken in 2006 indicated very high temperatures at depths of between 3 and 5 kilometres and these favourable conditions have led to the development of the first well from the Iceland Deep Drilling Project (IDDP), that found magma only 2.1 km deep.
From Wikipedia
Yellow sulphurous lake (this is not polluted but a natural phenomenon)
Wai-O-Tapu near Rotorua New Zealand
Hverir (or Námafjall), a large geothermal field of bubbling mud pools, hissing fumaroles and sticky red soil.
Once here, you’ll soon realise why Iceland is named the Land of Fire and Ice. It’s also the closest you’ll ever get to Mars on Earth.
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Images may not be copied or used in any way without my written permission.
On one of our visits to Seltún, we encountered photographers and a model shooting photographs with the steam of an acidic hot springs behind her. The solfatara field at Seltún , Iceland contains mud pools, acidic hot springs; fumaroles and steaming ground. Fumaroles in the area deposit sulfur and sulphates on the ground near the vents. Fumaroles whose steam is rich in sulfur are called solfataras. The main sulphur area is a fumarole field that lies southwest of the boardwalk but sulfur and sulphates occur around many of the steam vents, mud pools and acidic hot springs. yellow spots of sulphur were visible to us as we strolled along the boardwalk.
Seltún is part of the large KrýsuvÃ-k Geothermal field which lies on one of the NE-SW trending volcanic systems that cross the Reykjanes Peninsula. The volcanic zones lie in the middle of the fissure zone on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge which traverses Iceland and are visible along the south of Reykjanes.
In the mid-20th century there were plans to develop the geothermal field for utilization, including power production, and Seltún then became one of the main drilling targets. There are old drill pads to be seen near the path along the creek. According to the Iceland Geosurvey (ISOR) one of the "boreholes started erupting intermittently in the winter of 2010". They reported that an interval of a few days between the eruptions. We found the spot but on two different visits to the field I saw no sign of geyser activity. ISOR also reports "another old borehole blew up in 1999 forming a crater with a diameter of about 30 m, now filled by mud except where a flow of steam keeps boiling pits open". That unexpected explosion in 1999 reportedly caused the geothermal project to be halted. The springs have been preserved due to the lack of drilling and geothermal exploitation.
Temperatures are over 200 degrees C just below the surface. Geologist from the Iceland Geosurvey believe "the water of the pools is surface water heated by steam from a boiling geothermal reservoir. Accompanying gases such as hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide acidify the water and alter the rock to clay. Only the uppermost 300 m of the reservoir at Seltún is boiling, i.e., follows the boiling curve in accordance with increasing pressure. Below this depth, a temperature inversion occurs, indicating that the boiling section is fed laterally from an upflow some distance away."
The geothermal field is located in the Reykjanes Geopark.
Geologic and geothermal info from Iceland GeoSurvey (ISOR) . Some text in the caption from their web page at: www.geothermal.is/17-seltun-high-temperature-area-solfataras
Highwic House.
The Americans coined the term Carpenter Gothic to describe wooden buildings in the gothic style especially domestic structures. Highwic House is a perfect example of Carpenter Gothic. The land near the village of Newmarket was purchased around 1850. In 1862 the land was sold to the Buckland family and the Highwic residence was built almost straight away. Alfred Buckland from England was a wealthy auctioneer and wool trader. Most auctioneers are also dealers in land themselves and not surprisingly Alfred Buckland was the largest land owner in the Auckland district by 1880. As well as a large fortune Alfred was also known for his large appetite and success with having children. This was helped by marrying twice. In total he had 21 children! The first part of Highwic was in fact taken from an American house plan book from 1850. This first part was a simple 6 or 7 roomed wooden cottage. It had the main elements of Carpenter Gothic- steep roofs, gables, decorative barge boards along the gables, and extensive use of timber in decorative ways. Highwic was surrounded by gardens and it was enlarged in the 1870s and again in the 1880s when the south wing was added. Alfred’s first wife died in 1866 and children began to arrive quickly with his second wife of 1867. Originally the servants were housed in outbuildings. Eventually the outbuildings comprised a coach house, stables, work areas and a billiard room. The main house contained a large ballroom, seven bedrooms, and a dormitory for the boys (there were 7 of them). Alfred Buckland died in 1903. Apart from business interests and company directorship he had invested in the NZ Frozen Meat Company in 1883. He bred race horses and supported horse racing. Members of the Buckland family lived in the house until 1978 when the property was purchased by the city of Auckland and the NZ Historic Places Trust. It opened as a museum/heritage house in 1981.
Its got to be Large
A Frosty morning in the strezlecki desert in north eastern South Australia
We endured frosts out there to -5 C and sweltered through the afternoons at 25 C
Remnants of rain weeks earlier
In some areas the bulldust was smooth and hardpacked and here it was cracking as it dried out
Tikitere, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand.
Tikitere, also known as "Hell's Gate", is Rotorua's most active geothermal area on State Highway 30, between Lake Rotorua and Lake Rotoiti in the Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. It includes many geothermal features such as steaming lakes, mudpools, fumaroles, a mud volcano and the Kakahi Falls, the largest hot waterfall in the southern hemisphere.
The area is operated under the name "Hells Gate", and offers self-guided and guided tours of the geothermal park, information about its history and Māori culture, and a mud spa.
Bubbling mud at Waiotapu an active geothermal area at the southern end of the Okataina Volcanic Centre, just north of the Reporoa caldera, in New Zealand's Taupo Volcanic Zone.
Northern Iceland.
I arrived at Namafjall.
Oh men, what a place! wandering around... I could stay here for days watching the boiling mud pools, steaming fumaroles, absorbing the beautiful colors and enjoy the rotten smell of sulphur in this geothermal area.
I took a lot of photographs during my trip to Iceland and Faroe islands.
I will only show a small part on flickr.
If you are interested in more pictures, info and background stories then please follow me on facebook.
Or just another magazine shoot? They are everywhere these days...
Seen at Hverarond geo-thermal region in Iceland. Steamy love among the hot springs and mud pools, with a distinct pong of sulphur!
Rotorua.
The city lies on the edge of a volcanic lake which is 12 kms long and 10 kms wide. Rotorua’s population is around 65,000 with outlying districts. About 15% of the population of NZ are Maori but Rotorua is a traditional Maori centre and the Maori population of Rotorua is over 35%. Roughly 28% of Maori people in Rotorua speak Maori. Despite tourism the unemployment rate for the Maoris is higher than the average for white New Zealanders. Rotorua is 950 feet or nearly 300 metres above sea level. It has a mild climate and snowfall is rare. It receives 1,440 mms of a rain a year or 58 inches, spread evenly across all months. It is an ideal climate for gardening! Rotorua means “second lake” in Maori but the term for the area by the lake is less flattering – “evil smelling place.” Apart from the thermal sights the town tried to emulate the European spa towns of old so the original Rotorua Bath House is Tudoresque in style. It was built in 1906-7 by the government as a health resort. The formal gardens surrounding it include a war memorial (built in 1927) for the local Maori soldiers who had been in conflict with the Pakeha in the 19th century. St. Faith’s Anglican Church was also built in the Tudor style in 1910. Near the church is a bust of Queen Victoria given by the Queen herself in 1870 to the Arawa Maori people because they supported the government during the Maori Land Wars. The gardens themselves were a gift from the Maori people to the city of Rotorua and they were given in 1883. The government took control of the gardens after 1898. Over 420,000 bedding plants are used in the floral displays annually in addition to orchids, roses and shrubs. Over 1.3 million people visit Rotorua annually with two thirds of them being international visitors.
Some Geography of the Rotorua Area.
Rotorua’s hot springs and mud pools and geysers are powered by the collision between two immense tectonic plates. Just east of the North Island the sea floor of the Pacific plate slides under the lighter continental crust of the Indo-Australian plate and continues to push forward while sinking at an angle underneath the North Island. When the sinking Pacific plate reaches a depth of about 80 kms it melts and great streams of hot lava come pushing their way up to the surface. A particular feature of Rotorua is that this part of the crust of the Indo-Australian plate is not very thick at this point only 15-20 kms instead of the more usual 35-45 kms of thickness. This means the effects of the molten lava or magma is intensified around Rotorua. The Taupo Volcanic Zone follows the line where the descending plate hits 80 kms beneath and the hot lava rises to near the surface. This line actually extends under the sea all the way past Tonga then north to the equator and it is part of the “Ring of Fire” that encircles the Pacific Ocean. The volcanoes of the Philippines, Japan and Alaska and Washington State in the US are all part of this ring. The fault lines of California are also part of this ring.
Most houses and business of Rotorua have bores going down to tap the hot water from the mineral pools for their hot water supplies. There were so many bores that at one time the water table started to drop and thermal features of geysers at Whakarewarewa became less active. Since then the City limits the number of new bores. The geysers and bubbling pools of mud found at Whakarewarewa (the main geyser is Pohutu) can also emerge overnight in suburban lawns and city parks with spectacular results. Most of Rotorua smells strongly of hydrogen sulphide the gas given off by the springs and mud. It is harmless to tourists. Not far from Rotorua are three major active volcanoes- Ruapehu (the highest in the North Island) Ngauruhoe and Tongariro. The zone of active volcanoes extends across to the east coast and the most recent volcano is White Island, 50 kms from Whakatane. It is still being formed and grows in size most years. In this central volcanic zone there are 130 volcanic cones or domes. In the past there have been at least seven major explosions. When pressure builds up too quickly as the plates move a volcanic explosion is usually the result. The hydrothermal zones near Rotorua are used for electricity generation. Water temperatures within these fields can be as high as 320 degrees centigrade and in places the thermal pools are only half a km underground. On some pools sulphur crusts form on the edge of lakes to produce vibrant orange-yellow lines and stains. This thermal zone has been active for more than 100,000 years.
In 1886 Mt Tarawera eruption hence the buried village of Te Wairo. Much later a similar kind of disaster happened in this region. A small crater on the side of Mt Ruapehu (2,800 metre high) exploded in 1953 sending a mud slide down the mountain side which flowed into the Whangaehu River. This was on Christmas Eve 1953. Unfortunately the flood washed away the rail bridge on the main Wellington to Auckland railway line. The first six carriages of the overnight sleeper train along with the train engine plunged into the swollen river. The Tangiwai disaster claimed the lives of 151 of the 285 people on board the train that night. Almost all those who perished were in second class carriages at the front of the train. In those days leading politicians did not rely on experts. The NZ Prime Minster sped down from Auckland by car during the night and coordinated rescue operations himself on site! He coordinated the rescue work of railway, army, police, navy, local farmers and undertakers!
Krafla is a caldera of about 10 km in diameter with a 90 km long fissure zone, in the north of Iceland in the Mývatn region. Its highest peak reaches up to 818 m and it is 2 km in depth. There have been 29 reported eruptions in recorded history.
Krafla includes one of the two best-known Víti craters of Iceland (the other is in Askja). The Icelandic word "víti" means "hell". In former times, people often believed hell to be under volcanoes. The crater Víti has a green lake inside of it.
The Krafla area also includes Námafjall, a geothermal area with boiling mudpools and steaming fumaroles.
The Mývatn fires occurred between 1724–29, when many of the fissure vents opened up. The lava fountains could be seen in the south of the island and a lava flow destroyed three farms near the village of Reykjahlíð, although nobody was harmed.
Between 1975 and 1984 there was a volcanic episode within the Krafla volcano. It involved nine volcanic eruptions and fifteen uplift and subsidence events. This interrupted some of the Krafla drillfields. During these events a large magma chamber emerged. This has been identified by analysing the seismic activity.
Source: Wikipedia