View allAll Photos Tagged Addictive
For a month solid whilst I was looking for a new car to replace the dearly departed one my life revolved entirely around Auto Trader. It’s more addictive than Facebook, chocolate fingers and piggling your toenails put together.
There must be monosodium glutamate the website, the more you look for cars the more you have to look for cars, have a quick look and twenty minutes later I am craving more, unable to think about anything other than widening my search parameters.
At the end of three weeks of obsessive searching I knew every single Volkswagen Golf for sale within 100 miles of Windsor. I recognised every depressing photographic backdrop, was familiar with each faded magic tree dangling, could spot every photographer’s reflection in the windows; I was actually considering entering Mastermind.
“And your name is?”
“Lucy Naughton”
“And your specialist subject?”
“Volkswagen Golf TDIs on a 2001, 2002 or (hopefully) 2003 plate for sale within 100 miles of Windsor, or 60 miles of Potters Bar.”
“Ok then, let’s begin: How many miles are allegedly on the clock of the hideous green golf for sale in Hayes?”
“136,000. But I was thinking if it had been really well serviced I might get a year’s use out of it, it’s not worth £2750, but if he would take £2000 it might be a possibility.”
“Please just answer the question.”
“Sorry”
“What didn’t you like about the black golf 18 miles from Windsor that has been on for the last 3 weeks with just 88,000 miles on the clock?”
“It has all the VW badges missing off the alloy wheels which makes me wonder what kind of mecca of criminal activity it resides within and how many times it has been up on bricks and had ‘tosser’ sprayed down the side of it, come to think of it they never did show the left hand side of the car. I also didn’t like the way they worded their advert, too suspiciously personal, I thought they were talking about a pet.”
“What was wrong with the dark grey golf in Greenford?”
“No alloys, gaping wiry hole where the stereo should be, dreadfully blurred photographs and dirty mats.”
“How many Golf TDIs are for sale within 31 miles of Potters Bar that are bright red and photographed outside industrial estates?”
“5, no 7 if you include metallic burgundy too which is an equally un-saleable colour and thus should be ruled out of all future searches.”
“What is wrong with the dark blue one on at just over your budget but with very low miles in Mitcham and says it has a full service history and that the cam belt has been recently done?”
“I don’t know, show me that one, that sounds good….. can I borrow your phone?”
The nicotine in tobacco products is seriously addictive, thus much so that several ex-smokers start smoking again within weeks or a couple weeks, in line with the National Institute. If you'd like to kick on the habit but get the cold turkey process difficult, try ending
It is very addictive to spot wildlife. Sometimes you see strange things. Like this Antelope in a tree. Then you know there must be a hunter in the neighborhood !
tried all the variegated yarns l have and several colour ways...l can see lots of cushions and blankets on the horizon!
I have an addictive personality. I think. At least when it comes to food. I will find something I like, buy a ton of it in, then gorge on it every day. Eventually there comes a point I’m sick of it, so my fickle nature drops it and moves onto something else. Right now I love crumpets, which is complimented perfectly by coffee. Mmmm.
"[Handbags] are more addictive than any drink or drugs. They are far more desirable than dreary sex. After all, you can take your designer bag everywhere, it is worshipped and admired by all your female friends, it stays close by your side, and never answers back. It denotes your position in the fashion hierarchy and signals that you are on message."
---- British newspaper columnist Janet Street-Porter
These are addictive! My husband thinks that it maybe disrespectful to change up the colors and fabrics...any thoughts? Looks like everyone is doing a version of this quilt....
While visiting the University of California, Santa Cruz, Arboretum, we noticed these little Houseleeks growing in the space under this building column. We assume that they must have 'rolled off' a potted specimen at one point (this was a building in front of which plants were routinely gathered for sale) and rolled into this space. As there were several different cultivars present, I suspect that when another cutting hit the ground, those already safely hiding under this post might have been heard to say "Psst! Hey buddy! Over here, with the rest of us!".
These water splash shots are addictive. I'm still learning and having great fun.
100 Words #3 Addictive
Created for the very addictive Dictionary of Image group ;-)
Please note that all my images are copyrighted to me Holly Kempe aka fotofantasea.
If you wish to use any of my images in anyway you need written permission from me first to do so. Please email me at hollyk200@hotmail.com I’d love to hear from you or
VISIT MY WEBSITE - The Language of Imagery
Sunshine and Happiness always
Holly
Tracky Train – addictive arcade game with Cubo-pixel graphics in which gamers will lead a team of paving new tracks. The problem lies in the fact that the train was already moving and can not stop. Quickly think over their actions, create a platform so that passengers can sit in the cars...
Another visit to the addictive Lillesden school for girls, this piece of graffiti is among my favourites. Being a childs favourite cartoon character, I find the image of his hanging a bit gruesome, but I do love a bit of 'gruesome'!
These are seriously addictive to make and sooo fast after a tutorial from yorkiemischief. The kindergarden teacher were very pleased with them, so thumbs up as a end of year pressie.
This is SO addictive. I spent so much time and money on this thing.
World Club Champion Football (WCCF) is a Japanese collectible card game and arcade fantasy soccer game. The player assembles a team by collecting and trading specially marked cards, then managing their team and playing simulated matches on an arcade machine.
The Game consists of up to 16 player cards being used along side the manager's IC Card. The human player becomes the manager of the football(Soccer) team and between 100 to 150 games can be played per IC Card.
You can change the player's formation, talk to the players in your office and train them up to special standards. Registering and using the player cards involves laying the cards down on a special matted table that senses the type of card and player.
Official site-
Roasted chickpeas (aka garbanzo beans), an addictively tasty snack. They shrink when roasted. So, I call them...
Chicklets!
24 September 2019.
▶ Based 99.9% on a recipe by Sam Turnbull at his blog, It Doesn't Taste Like Chicken (and re-printed virtually verbatim below).
***************
▶ INGREDIENTS
☞ 1 19 oz can chickpeas, drained and rinsed
☞ 1 teaspoon extra virgin olive oil
☞ 3/4 teaspoon chili powder
☞ 1/2 teaspoon dried thyme leaves
☞ 1/2 teaspoon Kosher salt
▶ INSTRUCTIONS
1) Preheat oven to 375 °F (190 °C).
2) Spread the chickpeas in a single layer on a baking sheet. It's ok if they are still a bit wet, they will dry out in the oven.
3) Bake 30 minutes, stopping to shake the pan every now and then.
4) Remove the chickpeas from the oven (Watch out! They tend to roll everywhere.) and carefully add the hot chickpeas to a bowl along with the olive oil, chili powder, thyme, and salt. Toss well to coat the chickpeas evenly.
5) Spread the seasoned chickpeas back onto the baking sheet and return to the oven for another 10 to 15 minutes until they are golden and crispy.
6) Remove the sheet from the oven and remove the chickpeas from the oily baking sheet and let cool a bit before enjoying. (Again, watch out! They tend to roll everywhere.)
7) You can snack on them still warm, or completely cooled.
▶ NOTES
☞ I say I follow the recipe 99.9%, because the spice mixture can easily be changed. For example, try cumin, black pepper, smoked paprika, etc.
☞ But the key to crispy chickpeas, as Sam notes, is to dry roast for 30 minutes BEFORE adding the oil and spices.
☞ Roasting the chickpeas for a few more minutes adds more of a crunch...but be careful not to burn them.
☞ Chicklets can be stored in an air-tight container in the fridge for up to a week. They may start to get a little soft and less crispy.
***************
▶ Photo by Yours For Good Fermentables.com.
▶ For a larger image, type 'L' (without the quotation marks).
— Follow on Twitter: @Cizauskas.
— Follow on Facebook: YoursForGoodFermentables.
— Follow on Instagram: @tcizauskas.
▶ Camera: Olympus OM-D E-M10 II.
---> Lens: Lumix G 20/F1.7 II
---> Focal length: 20 mm
---> Aperture: ƒ/11
---> Shutter speed: 1/60
---> ISO: 200
---> Flash, on camera: 1/16.
▶ Commercial use requires explicit permission, as per Creative Commons.
About the most addictive drug freely available is nicotine.
My advice is to never try or take up smoking.
Photo taken for Macro Monday's on flickr. Each week we post one or two photos following the theme. This week's theme is 'smoking.'
This is SO addictive. I spent so much time and money on this thing.
World Club Champion Football (WCCF) is a Japanese collectible card game and arcade fantasy soccer game. The player assembles a team by collecting and trading specially marked cards, then managing their team and playing simulated matches on an arcade machine.
The Game consists of up to 16 player cards being used along side the manager's IC Card. The human player becomes the manager of the football(Soccer) team and between 100 to 150 games can be played per IC Card.
You can change the player's formation, talk to the players in your office and train them up to special standards. Registering and using the player cards involves laying the cards down on a special matted table that senses the type of card and player.
Official site-
A cigarette, also known colloquially as a fag in British English, is a narrow cylinder containing psychoactive material, usually tobacco, that is rolled into thin paper for smoking. Most cigarettes contain a "reconstituted tobacco" product known as "sheet", which consists of "recycled [tobacco] stems, stalks, scraps, collected dust, and floor sweepings", to which are added glue, chemicals and fillers; the product is then sprayed with nicotine that was extracted from the tobacco scraps, and shaped into curls. The cigarette is ignited at one end, causing it to smolder; the resulting smoke is orally inhaled via the opposite end. Most modern cigarettes are filtered, although this does not make them safer. Cigarette manufacturers have described cigarettes as a drug administration system for the delivery of nicotine in acceptable and attractive form. Cigarettes are addictive (because of nicotine) and cause cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart disease, and other health problems.
The term cigarette, as commonly used, refers to a tobacco cigarette but is sometimes used to refer to other substances, such as a cannabis cigarette. A cigarette is distinguished from a cigar by its usually smaller size, use of processed leaf, and paper wrapping, which is typically white. Cigar wrappers are typically composed of tobacco leaf or paper dipped in tobacco extract.
Smoking rates have generally declined in the developed world, but continue to rise in some developing nations. Cigarette smoking causes health harms and death. Nicotine is also highly addictive. About half of cigarette smokers die of tobacco-related disease[9] and lose on average 14 years of life.
Cigarette use by pregnant women has also been shown to cause birth defects, including low birth weight, fetal abnormalities, and premature birth. Second-hand smoke from cigarettes causes many of the same health problems as smoking, including cancer, which has led to legislation and policy that has prohibited smoking in many workplaces and public areas. Cigarette smoke contains over 7,000 chemical compounds, including arsenic, formaldehyde, cyanide, lead, nicotine, carbon monoxide, acrolein, and other poisonous substances. Over 70 of these are carcinogenic. Additionally, cigarettes are a frequent source of deadly fires in private homes, which prompted both the European Union and the United States to require cigarettes to be fire-standard compliant.
HISTORY
The earliest forms of cigarettes were similar to their predecessor, the cigar. Cigarettes appear to have had antecedents in Mexico and Central America around the 9th century in the form of reeds and smoking tubes. The Maya, and later the Aztecs, smoked tobacco and other psychoactive drugs in religious rituals and frequently depicted priests and deities smoking on pottery and temple engravings. The cigarette and the cigar were the most common methods of smoking in the Caribbean, Mexico, and Central and South America until recent times.
The North American, Central American, and South American cigarette used various plant wrappers; when it was brought back to Spain, maize wrappers were introduced, and by the 17th century, fine paper. The resulting product was called papelate and is documented in Goya's paintings La Cometa, La Merienda en el Manzanares, and El juego de la pelota a pala (18th century).
By 1830, the cigarette had crossed into France, where it received the name cigarette; and in 1845, the French state tobacco monopoly began manufacturing them. The French word was adopted by English in the 1840s. Some American reformers promoted the spelling cigaret, but this was never widespread and is now largely abandoned.
The first patented cigarette-making machine was invented by Juan Nepomuceno Adorno of Mexico in 1847. However, production climbed markedly when another cigarette-making machine was developed in the 1880s by James Albert Bonsack, which vastly increased the productivity of cigarette companies, which went from making about 40,000 hand-rolled cigarettes daily to around 4 million.
In the English-speaking world, the use of tobacco in cigarette form became increasingly widespread during and after the Crimean War, when British soldiers began emulating their Ottoman Turkish comrades and Russian enemies, who had begun rolling and smoking tobacco in strips of old newspaper for lack of proper cigar-rolling leaf. This was helped by the development of tobaccos suitable for cigarette use, and by the development of the Egyptian cigarette export industry.
Cigarettes may have been initially used in a manner similar to pipes, cigars, and cigarillos and not inhaled; for evidence, see the Lucky Strike ad campaign asking consumers "Do You Inhale?" from the 1930s. As cigarette tobacco became milder and more acidic, inhaling may have become perceived as more agreeable. However, Moltke noticed in the 1830s (cf. Unter dem Halbmond) that Ottomans (and he himself) inhaled the Turkish tobacco and Latakia from their pipes (which are both initially sun-cured, acidic leaf varieties).
The widespread smoking of cigarettes in the Western world is largely a 20th-century phenomenon. At the start of the 20th century, the per capita annual consumption in the U.S. was 54 cigarettes (with less than 0.5% of the population smoking more than 100 cigarettes per year), and consumption there peaked at 4,259 per capita in 1965. At that time, about 50% of men and 33% of women smoked (defined as smoking more than 100 cigarettes per year). By 2000, consumption had fallen to 2,092 per capita, corresponding to about 30% of men and 22% of women smoking more than 100 cigarettes per year, and by 2006 per capita consumption had declined to 1,691; implying that about 21% of the population smoked 100 cigarettes or more per year.
The adverse health effects of cigarettes were known by the mid-19th century when they became known as coffins nails.[31] German doctors were the first to identify the link between smoking and lung cancer, which led to the first antitobacco movement in Nazi Germany. During World War I and World War II, cigarettes were rationed to soldiers. During the Vietnam War, cigarettes were included with C-ration meals. In 1975, the U.S. government stopped putting cigarettes in military rations. During the second half of the 20th century, the adverse health effects of tobacco smoking started to become widely known and text-only health warnings became common on cigarette packets.
The United States has not implemented graphical cigarette warning labels, which are considered a more effective method to communicate to the public the dangers of cigarette smoking. Canada, Mexico, Belgium, Denmark, Sweden, Thailand, Malaysia, India, Pakistan, Australia, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru, Greece, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Hungary, the United Kingdom, France, Romania, Singapore, Egypt, Nepal and Turkey, however, have both textual warnings and graphic visual images displaying, among other things, the damaging effects tobacco use has on the human body.
The cigarette has evolved much since its conception; for example, the thin bands that travel transverse to the "axis of smoking" (thus forming circles along the length of the cigarette) are alternate sections of thin and thick paper to facilitate effective burning when being drawn, and retard burning when at rest. Synthetic particulate filters may remove some of the tar before it reaches the smoker.
The "holy grail" for cigarette companies has been a cancer-free cigarette. On record, the closest historical attempt was produced by scientist James Mold. Under the name project TAME, he produced the XA cigarette. However, in 1978, his project was terminated.
Since 1950, the average nicotine and tar content of cigarettes has steadily fallen. Research has shown that the fall in overall nicotine content has led to smokers inhaling larger volumes per puff.
LEGISLATION
SMOKING RESTRICTIONS
Many governments impose restrictions on smoking tobacco, especially in public areas. The primary justification has been the negative health effects of second-hand smoke. Laws vary by country and locality. Nearly all countries have laws restricting places where people can smoke in public, and over 40 countries have comprehensive smoke-free laws that prohibit smoking in virtually all public venues. Bhutan is currently the only country in the world to completely outlaw the cultivation, harvesting, production, and sale of tobacco and tobacco products under the Tobacco Control Act of Bhutan 2010. However, small allowances for personal possession are permitted as long as the possessors can prove that they have paid import duties. The Pitcairn Islands had previously banned the sale of cigarettes, but it now permits sales from a government-run store. The Pacific island of Niue hopes to become the next country to prohibit the sale of tobacco. Iceland is also proposing banning tobacco sales from shops, making it prescription-only and therefore dispensable only in pharmacies on doctor's orders. New Zealand hopes to achieve being tobacco-free by 2025 and Finland by 2040. Singapore and the Australian state of Tasmania have proposed a 'tobacco free millennium generation initiative' by banning the sale of all tobacco products to anyone born in and after the year 2000. In March 2012, Brazil became the world's first country to ban all flavored tobacco including menthols. It also banned the majority of the estimated 600 additives used, permitting only eight. This regulation applies to domestic and imported cigarettes. Tobacco manufacturers had 18 months to remove the noncompliant cigarettes, 24 months to remove the other forms of noncompliant tobacco. Under sharia law, the consumption of cigarettes by Muslims is prohibited.
SMOKING AGE
Beginning on April 1, 1998, the sale of cigarettes and other tobacco products to people under the state purchase age has been prohibited by law in all 50 states of the United States. The purchasing age in the United States is 18 in 42 of the 50 states — but 19 in Alabama, Alaska, Utah, and Nassau, Suffolk, and Onondaga Counties in New York, and 21 in California, Hawaii, New Jersey, Oregon, Maine and more than 180 municipalities across the nation. The intended effect of this is to prevent older high school students from purchasing cigarettes for their younger peers. In Massachusetts, parents and guardians are allowed to give cigarettes to minors, but sales to minors are prohibited.
Similar laws exist in many other countries. In Canada, most of the provinces require smokers to be 19 years of age to purchase cigarettes (except for Quebec and the prairie provinces, where the age is 18). However, the minimum age only concerns the purchase of tobacco, not use. Alberta, however, does have a law which prohibits the possession or use of tobacco products by all persons under 18, punishable by a $100 fine. Australia, New Zealand, Poland, and Pakistan have a nationwide ban on the selling of all tobacco products to people under the age of 18.
Since 1 October 2007, it has been illegal for retailers to sell tobacco in all forms to people under the age of 18 in three of the UK's four constituent countries (England, Wales, Northern Ireland, and Scotland) (rising from 16). It is also illegal to sell lighters, rolling papers, and all other tobacco-associated items to people under 18. It is not illegal for people under 18 to buy or smoke tobacco, just as it was not previously for people under 16; it is only illegal for the said retailer to sell the item. The age increase from 16 to 18 came into force in Northern Ireland on 1 September 2008. In the Republic of Ireland, bans on the sale of the smaller 10-packs and confectionery that resembles tobacco products (candy cigarettes) came into force on May 31, 2007, in a bid to cut underaged smoking.
Most countries in the world have a legal vending age of 18. In Macedonia, Italy, Malta, Austria, Luxembourg, and Belgium, the age for legal vending is 16. Since January 1, 2007, all cigarette machines in public places in Germany must attempt to verify a customer's age by requiring the insertion of a debit card. Turkey, which has one of the highest percentage of smokers in its population, has a legal age of 18. Japan is one of the highest tobacco-consuming nations, and requires purchasers to be 20 years of age (suffrage in Japan is 20 years old). Since July 2008, Japan has enforced this age limit at cigarette vending machines through use of the taspo smart card. In other countries, such as Egypt, it is legal to use and purchase tobacco products regardless of age.Germany raised the purchase age from 16 to 18 on the 1 September 2007.
Some police departments in the United States occasionally send an underaged teenager into a store where cigarettes are sold, and have the teen attempt to purchase cigarettes, with their own or no ID. If the vendor then completes the sale, the store is issued a fine. Similar enforcement practices are regularly performed by Trading Standards officers in the UK, Israel, and the Republic of Ireland.
TAXATION
Cigarettes are taxed both to reduce use, especially among youth, and to raise revenue.Higher prices for cigarettes discourage smoking. Every 10% increase in the price of cigarettes reduces youth smoking by about 7% and overall cigarette consumption by about 4%. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that globally cigarettes be taxed at a rate of three-quarters of cigarettes sale price as a way of deterring cancer and other negative health outcomes.
Cigarette sales are a significant source of tax revenue in many localities. This fact has historically been an impediment for health groups seeking to discourage cigarette smoking, since governments seek to maximize tax revenues. Furthermore, some countries have made cigarettes a state monopoly, which has the same effect on the attitude of government officials outside the health field.
In the United States, states are a primary determinant of the total tax rate on cigarettes. Generally, states that rely on tobacco as a significant farm product tend to tax cigarettes at a low rate. Coupled with the federal cigarette tax of $1.01 per pack, total cigarette-specific taxes range from $1.18 per pack in Missouri to $8.00 per pack in Silver Bay, New York.As part of the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, the federal government collects user fees to fund Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulatory measures over tobacco.
FIRE-SAFE CIGARETTE
According to Simon Chapman, a professor of public health at the University of Sydney, the burning agents in cigarette paper are responsible for fires and reducing them would be a simple and effective means of dramatically reducing the ignition propensity of cigarettes. Since the 1980s, prominent cigarette manufacturers such as Philip Morris and R.J. Reynolds developed fire safe cigarettes, but did not market them.
The burn rate of cigarette paper is regulated through the application of different forms of microcrystalline cellulose to the paper. Cigarette paper has been specially engineered by creating bands of different porosity to create "fire-safe" cigarettes. These cigarettes have a reduced idle burning speed which allows them to self-extinguish. This fire-safe paper is manufactured by mechanically altering the setting of the paper slurry.
New York was the first U.S. state to mandate that all cigarettes manufactured or sold within the state comply with a fire-safe standard. Canada has passed a similar nationwide mandate based on the same standard. All U.S. states are gradually passing fire-safe mandates.
The European Union in 2011 banned cigarettes that do not meet a fire-safety standard. According to a study made by the European Union in 16 European countries, 11,000 fires were due to people carelessly handling cigarettes between 2005 and 2007. This caused 520 deaths with 1,600 people injured.
CIGARETTE ADVERTISING
Many countries have restrictions on cigarette advertising, promotion, sponsorship, and marketing. For example, in the Canadian provinces of British Columbia, Saskatchewan and Alberta, the retail store display of cigarettes is completely prohibited if persons under the legal age of consumption have access to the premises. In Ontario, Manitoba, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Quebec, Canada and the Australian Capital Territory the display of tobacco is prohibited for everyone, regardless of age, as of 2010. This retail display ban includes noncigarette products such as cigars and blunt wraps.
WARNING MESSAGES IN PACKAGES
As a result of tight advertising and marketing prohibitions, tobacco companies look at the pack differently: they view it as a strong component in displaying brand imagery and a creating significant in-store presence at the point of purchase. Market testing shows the influence of this dimension in shifting the consumer's choice when the same product displays in an alternative package. Studies also show how companies have manipulated a variety of elements in packs designs to communicate the impression of lower in tar or milder cigarettes, whereas the components were the same.
Some countries require cigarette packs to contain warnings about health hazards. The United States was the first, later followed by other countries including Canada, most of Europe, Australia, Pakistan, India, Hong Kong, and Singapore. In 1985, Iceland became the first country to enforce graphic warnings on cigarette packaging. At the end of December 2010, new regulations from Ottawa increased the size of tobacco warnings to cover three-quarters of the cigarette package in Canada. As of November 2010, 39 countries have adopted similar legislation.
In February 2011, the Canadian government passed regulations requiring cigarette packs to contain 12 new images to cover 75% of the outside panel and eight new health messages on the inside panel with full color.
As of April 2011, Australian regulations require all packs to use a bland olive green that researchers determined to be the least attractive color, with 75% coverage on the front of the pack and all of the back consisting of graphic health warnings. The only feature that differentiates one brand from another is the product name in a standard color, position, font size, and style. Similar policies have since been adopted in France and the United Kingdom. In response to these regulations, Philip Morris International, Japan Tobacco Inc., British American Tobacco Plc., and Imperial Tobacco attempted to sue the Australian government. On August 15, 2012, the High Court of Australia dismissed the suit and made Australia the first country to introduce brand-free plain cigarette packaging with health warnings covering 90 and 70% of back and front packaging, respectively. This took effect on December 1, 2012.
CONSTRUCTION
Modern commercially manufactured cigarettes are seemingly simple objects consisting mainly of a tobacco blend, paper, PVA glue to bond the outer layer of paper together, and often also a cellulose acetate–based filter. While the assembly of cigarettes is straightforward, much focus is given to the creation of each of the components, in particular the tobacco blend. A key ingredient that makes cigarettes more addictive is the inclusion of reconstituted tobacco, which has additives to make nicotine more volatile as the cigarette burns.
PAPER
The paper for holding the tobacco blend may vary in porosity to allow ventilation of the burning ember or contain materials that control the burning rate of the cigarette and stability of the produced ash. The papers used in tipping the cigarette (forming the mouthpiece) and surrounding the filter stabilize the mouthpiece from saliva and moderate the burning of the cigarette, as well as the delivery of smoke with the presence of one or two rows of small laser-drilled air holes.
TOBACCO BLEND
The process of blending gives the end product a consistent taste from batches of tobacco grown in different areas of a country that may change in flavor profile from year to year due to different environmental conditions.
Modern cigarettes produced after the 1950s, although composed mainly of shredded tobacco leaf, use a significant quantity of tobacco processing byproducts in the blend. Each cigarette's tobacco blend is made mainly from the leaves of flue-cured brightleaf, burley tobacco, and oriental tobacco. These leaves are selected, processed, and aged prior to blending and filling. The processing of brightleaf and burley tobaccos for tobacco leaf "strips" produces several byproducts such as leaf stems, tobacco dust, and tobacco leaf pieces ("small laminate"). To improve the economics of producing cigarettes, these byproducts are processed separately into forms where they can then be added back into the cigarette blend without an apparent or marked change in the cigarette's quality. The most common tobacco byproducts include:
Blended leaf (BL) sheet: a thin, dry sheet cast from a paste made with tobacco dust collected from tobacco stemming, finely milled burley-leaf stem, and pectin.
Reconstituted leaf (RL) sheet: a paper-like material made from recycled tobacco fines, tobacco stems and "class tobacco", which consists of tobacco particles less than 30 mesh in size (about 0.6 mm) that are collected at any stage of tobacco processing: RL is made by extracting the soluble chemicals in the tobacco byproducts, processing the leftover tobacco fibers from the extraction into a paper, and then reapplying the extracted materials in concentrated form onto the paper in a fashion similar to what is done in paper sizing. At this stage, ammonium additives are applied to make reconstituted tobacco an effective nicotine delivery system.
Expanded (ES) or improved stem (IS): ES is rolled, flattened, and shredded leaf stems that are expanded by being soaked in water and rapidly heated. Improved stem follows the same process, but is simply steamed after shredding. Both products are then dried. These products look similar in appearance, but are different in taste.
In recent years, the manufacturers' pursuit of maximum profits has led to the practice of using not just the leaves, but also recycled tobacco offal and the plant stem. The stem is first crushed and cut to resemble the leaf before being merged or blended into the cut leaf. According to data from the World Health Organization, the amount of tobacco per 1000 cigarettes fell from 2.28 pounds in 1960 to 0.91 pounds in 1999, largely as a result of reconstituting tobacco, fluffing, and additives.
A recipe-specified combination of brightleaf, burley-leaf, and oriental-leaf tobacco is mixed with various additives to improve its flavors.
ADDITIVES
Various additives are combined into the shredded tobacco product mixtures, with humectants such as propylene glycol or glycerol, as well as flavoring products and enhancers such as cocoa solids, licorice, tobacco extracts, and various sugars, which are known collectively as "casings". The leaf tobacco is then shredded, along with a specified amount of small laminate, expanded tobacco, BL, RL, ES, and IS. A perfume-like flavor/fragrance, called the "topping" or "toppings", which is most often formulated by flavor companies, is then blended into the tobacco mixture to improve the consistency in flavor and taste of the cigarettes associated with a certain brand name.[85] Additionally, they replace lost flavors due to the repeated wetting and drying used in processing the tobacco. Finally, the tobacco mixture is filled into cigarette tubes and packaged.
A list of 599 cigarette additives, created by five major American cigarette companies, was approved by the Department of Health and Human Services in April 1994. None of these additives is listed as an ingredient on the cigarette pack(s). Chemicals are added for organoleptic purposes and many boost the addictive properties of cigarettes, especially when burned.
One of the classes of chemicals on the list, ammonia salts, convert bound nicotine molecules in tobacco smoke into free nicotine molecules. This process, known as freebasing, could potentially increase the effect of nicotine on the smoker, but experimental data suggests that absorption is, in practice, unaffected.
CIGARETTE TUBE
Cigarette tubes are prerolled cigarette paper usually with an acetate or paper filter at the end. They have an appearance similar to a finished cigarette, but are without any tobacco or smoking material inside. The length varies from what is known as King Size (84 mm) to 100s (100 mm).
Filling a cigarette tube is usually done with a cigarette injector (also known as a shooter). Cone-shaped cigarette tubes, known as cones, can be filled using a packing stick or straw because of their shape. Cone smoking is popular because as the cigarette burns, it tends to get stronger and stronger. A cone allows more tobacco to be burned at the beginning than the end, allowing for an even flavor
The United States Tobacco Taxation Bureau defines a cigarette tube as "Cigarette paper made into a hollow cylinder for use in making cigarettes."
CIGARETTE FILTER
A cigarette filter or filter tip is a component of a cigarette. Filters are typically made from cellulose acetate fibre. Most factory-made cigarettes are equipped with a filter; those who roll their own can buy them separately. Filters can reduce some substances from smoke but do not make cigarettes any safer to smoke.
CIGARETTE BUTT
The common name for the remains of a cigarette after smoking is a cigarette butt. The butt is typically about 30% of the cigarette's original length. It consists of a tissue tube which holds a filter and some remains of tobacco mixed with ash. They are the most numerically frequent litter in the world. Cigarette butts accumulate outside buildings, on parking lots, and streets where they can be transported through storm drains to streams, rivers, and beaches. It is also called a fag-end or dog-end.
In a 2013 trial the city of Vancouver, British Columbia, partnered with TerraCycle to create a system for recycling of cigarette butts. A reward of 1¢ per collected butt was offered to determine the effectiveness of a deposit system similar to that of beverage containers
LIGHTS
Some cigarettes are marketed as “Lights”, “Milds”, or “Low-tar.” These cigarettes were historically marketed as being less harmful, but there is no research showing that they are any less harmful. The filter design is one of the main differences between light and regular cigarettes, although not all cigarettes contain perforated holes in the filter. In some light cigarettes, the filter is perforated with small holes that theoretically diffuse the tobacco smoke with clean air. In regular cigarettes, the filter does not include these perforations. In ultralight cigarettes, the filter's perforations are larger. he majority of major cigarette manufacturers offer a light, low-tar, and/or mild cigarette brand. Due to recent U.S. legislation prohibiting the use of these descriptors, tobacco manufacturers are turning to color-coding to allow consumers to differentiate between regular and light brands.
REPLACEMENT
An electronic cigarette is a handheld battery-powered vaporizer that simulates smoking by providing some of the behavioral aspects of smoking, including the hand-to-mouth action of smoking, but without combusting tobacco. Using an e-cigarette is known as "vaping" and the user is referred to as a "vaper." Instead of cigarette smoke, the user inhales an aerosol, commonly called vapor. E-cigarettes typically have a heating element that atomizes a liquid solution called e-liquid. E-cigarettes are automatically activated by taking a puff; others turn on manually by pressing a button. Some e-cigarettes look like traditional cigarettes, but they come in many variations. Most versions are reusable, though some are disposable. There are first-generation, second-generation, third-generation, and fourth-generation devices. E-liquids usually contain propylene glycol, glycerin, nicotine, flavorings, additives, and differing amounts of contaminants. E-liquids are also sold without propylene glycol, nicotine, or flavors.
The benefits and the health risks of e-cigarettes are uncertain. There is tentative evidence they may help people quit smoking, although they have not been proven to be more effective than smoking cessation medicine. There is concern with the possibility that non-smokers and children may start nicotine use with e-cigarettes at a rate higher than anticipated than if they were never created. Following the possibility of nicotine addiction from e-cigarette use, there is concern children may start smoking cigarettes. Youth who use e-cigarettes are more likely to go on to smoke cigarettes. Their part in tobacco harm reduction is unclear, while another review found they appear to have the potential to lower tobacco-related death and disease. Regulated US Food and Drug Administration nicotine replacement products may be safer than e-cigarettes, but e-cigarettes are generally seen as safer than combusted tobacco products. It is estimated their safety risk to users is similar to that of smokeless tobacco. The long-term effects of e-cigarette use are unknown. The risk from serious adverse events was reported in 2016 to be low. Less serious adverse effects include abdominal pain, headache, blurry vision, throat and mouth irritation, vomiting, nausea, and coughing. Nicotine itself is associated with some health harms. In 2019, an outbreak of severe lung illness across multiple states in the US has been linked to the use of vaping products.
E-cigarettes create vapor made of fine and ultrafine particles of particulate matter, which have been found to contain propylene glycol, glycerin, nicotine, flavors, tiny amounts of toxicants, carcinogens, heavy metals, and metal nanoparticles, and other substances. Its exact composition varies across and within manufacturers, and depends on the contents of the liquid, the physical and electrical design of the device, and user behavior, among other factors. E-cigarette vapor potentially contains harmful chemicals not found in tobacco smoke. E-cigarette vapor contains fewer toxic chemicals, and lower concentrations of potential toxic chemicals than cigarette smoke. The vapor is probably much less harmful to users and bystanders than cigarette smoke,although concern exists that the exhaled vapor may be inhaled by non-users, particularly indoors.
WIKIPEDIA
Insanely addictive & simple treat. Blogged:
sweetapolita.com/2011/02/butterscotch-peanut-butter-marsh...
Children are tadpoles and adults are frogs!
-
If a foolish mother frog said to her tadpoles in the pool, “Come out of the water, breathe the fresh air, enjoy yourselves in the young grass, and you will all grow into strong healthy little frogs. Come along now, mother knows best!” and the little tadpoles tried to obey, it would certainly mean the end of tadpoles.
-
And yet, that is how so many of us are trying to bring up our children. We are anxious that they shall grow into intelligent, useful citizens, with fine characters and good manners. And so we spend our time and patience correcting them, telling them to do this, not to do that, and when they want to know, “Why Mummy?”, we don’t stop to find out why we interfere, but put them off with “Mother knows best.”
These words were written by Dr Maria Montessori in one of her books “When Your Child Knows Better Than You.”
-
This story was found here @...http://thefullmontessori.wordpress.com/2012/08/04/montessori-nuggets-when-your-child-knows-better-than-you/
-
We all know the basics of a frog’s life cycle where the frog’s eggs are hatched in a water world and each tiny tadpole grows fatter and bigger. When the tiny tadpoles reach an optimum size their big fat tails start to shrink slowly as the tadpole begins to form large back legs and smaller front arms. Each tadpole takes on the form and shape of a frog that overnight stops returning to the water world to swim and breath to all of a sudden it's hopping and breathing in an air world.
-
If you were to take the tadpole/child out of their water world and make them act like a frog/adult in the air world that poor little tadpole/child would not be able to survive. But this is what our western world society is calling parent/frogs and teacher/frogs to do more and more every day at every level of the evolving tadpole/child’s life.
-
Children are falling over on mass throughout the western world and they are getting diagnosed, drugged and labelled with all sorts of disorders and learning difficulties let alone the food allergy epidemics hitting greater numbers with every new generation being born.
-
Children are born with one major learning style dominate (visual, Audio and Kinaesthetic) and within a healthy family and school environment the child will naturally develop the other learning styles over time. If a child experiences any form of trauma or is not allowed to experience its tadpole/child world its other learning styles can become stunted.
-
When the tadpole/child reaches the stage of its legs growing and its tail shrinking it is coming into an adolescent/frog stage. This adolescent/frog transition stage will be out of control the more the tadpole/child has not been allowed to develop within their rightful growing and learning environments. The more a tadpole/child has been forced to live as a frog/adult the more rebellious, risk taking, addictive responses, self absorbed, narcissistic, or withdrawn they become during this transition stage. People who say they were "LUCKY" with a mild child adolescent transitions need to know it had nothing to do with "LUCK".
-
Over the past 50 years within the major parts of western society children have gone from being able to play freely around their homes experiencing and learning within nature to now being prisoners enslaved in relative isolation in large sterile adult lifestyles and homes.
-
Most children, 50 years ago had fresh and natural raw foods and learning to socialize while playing team games or adventures together. These children also had very few man made toys and only were under mum and dads feet for very short periods of time each day. These children climbed trees, swam in rivers and built cubby houses out of what was lying around within their natural environments. These children usually bathed in a bucket and had to conserve everything they had. They would have lived in very small houses with only two bedrooms; one for mum and dad and the other for the children.
-
Now in today’s world, only 50 years later most western families live in huge houses with no outside or for that matter inside place to be messy or to run a muck which is critical for tadpole/children’s developmental needs. They have indoor frog/adult sterile environments and only allowed to "PLAY" in set places with so much plastic and over coloured toys that leave very little room for any tadpole/child's imagination or creative investigation to stimulate their growing and developing brains.
-
Most of these tadpole/children are supervised at all times by frog/adults and are very rarely encouraged to do anything other than 'PLAY' with no mess and easy to clean activities such as X/Box, IPhones, IPads or other super new technical "GAMES" which mascaraed as "PLAYING and GAMES" and are highly addictive.
-
These tadpole/children get very little exercise and over eat excessively sugared, preserved, artificially coloured and processed foods which are also highly addictive. The pay off for this is tadpole/children who are very quite which leaves parents to do their own thing. No parenting is taking place in these situations just more and more over indulged tadpole/children.
-
There is a false sense of safety for the tadpole/children when they are quietly engaged in screen gaming or entertainment when they need to be running, playing and planning adventures with other children. What dangers remain hidden during the time of the tadpole/child show up in the frog/youth and young frog/adult stages when they become unable to maintain any long term work commitments, inability to established ongoing lasting relationships or become heavily addicted to drugs, substance abuse, eating disorders etc.
-
The main reasons I believe this has happened so universally, throughout the western world, over such a short period of time is the combination of the advancing evolutionary developments of each new generation of tadpole/children being missed by the frog/adults combined with the story lines being sold to them through the media and entertainment industries.
-
The media and entertainment industries have been selling life styles and images of what is cool and what is not cool and frog/adults have blindly been following without even a second to question the ramifications or long lasting effects.
-
When the frog/adults attempt to apply the story lines that they have seen and learned from the entertainment and media industries and it does not work for them or their tadpole/child they become very confused and either believe it’s their fault and become depressed or far too often it is seen as their tadpole/child’s fault which means the tadpole/children have to be fixed so they will be able to fit into the image or life style expectations the entertainment and media industries have sold to them.
-
The image or life style expectations the entertainment and media industries have sold to these frog/adults over and over again, day in and day out throughout all their own developing years; watching and believing in these stories they have been spun. When these stories, life style and image beliefs start to crack open and collapse around them when their tadpole/children and frog/adult partner do not behave as they have been led to believe they should behave these frog/adults head off to doctors and on mass are being prescribed anti-depressants.
-
We now have so many families where a parent adult/frog or both are on anti-depressants and their tadpole/children are medicated for some modern day disorder not known of 60 years ago.
-
Let’s look back to the indigenous stage of humanity and look at how children, mothers and fathers related to each other then. Who tort the children? How where the children parented? Where did the parents learn how to parent each new generation of children? What kind of relationships did each generation have with younger or older members?
Human beings have learned for thousands and thousands of years to know how to parent by simply watching what their own families or by watching the collective tribe or village adults.
-
Developing trends in parenting have been observed and simply taken on board by each new generation without any real thinking or for that matter questioning for far too many years.
-
When the very first photographs came out of Queen Victoria’s family around their Christmas tree in their Royal living room the middle class in England kick started what is now pumped into our homes any hour of the day or night with a simple hit of a button. Stories to inform you what is the coolest and most fashionable way to parent, what it looks like, what should be eaten, when to eat it, how to furnish the perfect home, what your relationship with your partner should look like.
-
Who are you going to listen to to guide you on how to parent, on how to live, how to dress, how to furnish your home, how to have a relationship with your partner, how to have a friendship, how to think?
Please email me with your thoughts or questions...tturnerdesigns@iinet.net.au
what an amazing day I had....unforgettable moment....
was thinking about my reunion with some flickr friends :-D
sign up .....
Let's show the world we can dance... Bad enough to strut our stuff... The music gives us a chance... We do more out on the floor
Groovin' loose or heart to heart... We put in motion every single part... Funky sounds wall to wall
We're bumpin' booties havin us a ball y'all
.
.......***** All images are copyrighted by their respective authors ......
.
..........................................................................................................................................................................................
.
.....item 1a).... youtube video ... Peaches & Herb - Shake Your Groove Thing(extended version) ...
6:42 minutes ...
www.youtube.com/watch?v=45GTRrz2L6s
fab70smusic
Published on Mar 2, 2012
UK hit 1979 peaked at No.26, 10 weeks on chart
Category
Music
License
Standard YouTube License
.
.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................
.
.....item 1b)....song lyrics ... LyricsMode.com ... www.lyricsmode.com ...
Peaches And Herb
Shake Your Groove Thing lyrics
www.lyricsmode.com/lyrics/p/peaches_and_herb/shake_your_g...
Shake it, shake it
Shake your groove thing
Shake your groove thing, yeah yeah
Show 'em how we do it now
Shake your groove thing
Shake your groove thing, yeah yeah
Show 'em how we do it now
Show 'em how we do it now
Let's show the world we can dance
Bad enough to strut our stuff
The music gives us a chance
We do more out on the floor
Groovin' loose or heart to heart
We put in motion every single part
Funky sounds wall to wall
We're bumpin' booties havin us a ball y'all
Shake your groove thing
Shake your groove thing, yeah yeah
Show 'em how we do it now
(repeat)
We've got the rhythm tonight
All the rest know we're the best
Our shadows flash in moonlight
Twistin', turnin', we keep burnin'
Shake it high or shake it low
We take our bodies where they want to go
Feel that beat, never stop
Or hold me tight, spin me like a top
Shake your groove thing
Shake your groove thing, yeah yeah
Show 'em how we do it now
(repeat)
There's nothing more that I like to do
Than take the floor and dance with you
Keep dancin'
Let's keep dancin'
Shake it, shake it
Shake it, shake it
Groovin' loose or heart to heart
We put in motion every single part
Funky sounds wall to wall
We're bumpin' booties havin us a ball y'all
Shake your groove thing
Shake your groove thing, yeah yeah
Show 'em how we do it now
Shake your groove thing
Shake your groove thing, yeah yeah
Show 'em how we do it now, yeah
Shake it
Show 'em how we do it now, yeah
Shake it, shake it
More lyrics: www.lyricsmode.com/lyrics/p/peaches_and_herb/#share
.
.
.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................
.
......item 2).... Snapchat, solipsism and stupid cups
... FSU News ... www.fsunews.com/ ...
Jun. 26, 2013 |
.
..........................
img code photo ... What’s the better experience
cmsimg.tallahassee.com/apps/pbcsi.dll/bilde?Site=CD&D...
What’s the better experience: playing with the dog or snapping the dog to share with friends? / Perry Kostidakis / FSView
..........................
.
FILED UNDER
FSU News
FSU News Views
www.fsunews.com/article/20130627/FSVIEW03/130626021/Snapc...
Phones don’t belong in cups. Tables, desks, car cupholders, possibly pockets (still haven’t figured that one out, have we science?) are all suitable locations for phones. Cups, not so much. However, that is where I discovered mine after a lovely night out in Orlando’s finest establishment. If you desire an image of this bar, think Potbelly’s, but replace the FSU athletes with the broiest of bros and picture it somehow more trashy. It was lovely.
Anyway, the phone in the cup problem is the point here. I’d like to imagine my phone wanted a cozy cover to sleep away the night’s fun dreaming of future Snapchat selfies and inappropriate late-night texting conversations…but no, this is a nightmare where the camera lens is cloudy with moisture and the shutter refuses to open on my iPhone. All is for the worst in the worst of all possible worlds.
The moisture’s bastardly tentacles had only seeped its way to infiltrating my phone and corresponding apps, which meant one thing in particular—no more Snapchat. Okay, full disclosure: I’m sort of a Snapchat whore. I can’t explain its addictive quality, but I now I was like a meth addict on the Heisenberg Blue special the first time I snapped. Okay fuller disclosure: I’m a mass Snapchatter. When I made videos of myself singing Beyonce’s “Ego (Remix) with Kanye West in the mirror without a shirt, sunglasses off, wearing a participation medal from an adventure race like it was my Jesus piece, I felt compelled to share with everyone. I had to give the people what they wanted. They just didn’t know they had wanted that.
But this “no camera” problem posed a particularly difficult situation: I was headed to Itchetucknee Springs with my high school friends. Not to get overly sentimental or anything (a.k.a. that’s exactly what I’m about to do), but, as incoming seniors, this was sort of a last hurrah for us. Of course I wanted some photos to keep (and upload on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and to Snapchat obviously).
While on our car ride to Itchetucknee, a couple of my friends started Snapchatting my caravan, almost as a direct taunt to me. They knew my addiction, they knew my current withdrawals, yet they flashed that wondrous white ghost dancing in front of the kaleidoscope-flashing colors. I missed my ghost friend.
But then my buddy Tom launched an interesting quandary at us: “Speaking as someone looking from the outside on this, isn’t Snapchat kind of strange? Photos are supposed to capture memories, or at least they used to, but Snapchats disappear after like five seconds.”
And he’s right—Snapchat, once you take a step back from the narcissistic, instant gratification of it, is pretty dumb. Some joke Snapchat was created for nude pics sent, but that would entail somebody sending a single Snapchat to a specific person. Unless it’s a response, that never happens. When it comes to sending out those Mission Impossible, self-destructive photos, everyone exists on different tiers, at least that’s how it is for me. It’s Google-Plus circles, except people actually use them.
1) Elite Tier:
Reserved for childhood best friends and possible/current love interests. If we’re dating, you’re receiving every, single Snapchat I send. You will not forget my bushy face.
2) Buddy Tier:
Reserved for people I regularly hang out with and know of my daily adventures (a.k.a. what I read on the Internet that day). These friends receive a large majority of Snapchats, but if things get too personal or emotional, I’m leaving them out of it.
3) Acquaintance Tier:
Reserved for those friends only tolerable for a day or two every three weeks. You’re receiving this Snapchat from me because I need attention and if my buddies or girlfriend don’t respond, you’re my last hope to stroke my ego. Please don’t let me down.
4) D-Tier:
Otherwise known as #drunj tier. If you are in my Snapchat contact list, and I have had a few, I’m sending you some pictures. I don’t care if you respond or not, because we’re not really friends, but it would be a delightful surprise if you did, like discovering an extra jelly bean in what was believed to be an empty bag.
Regardless of where you exist on those planes, each Snapchat isn’t sent to you for memory’s sake. People may have the ability to save by screenshotting, but social media has fundamentally changed our purpose for personal photography (professional photography’s intention has stayed relatively the same). We don’t snapshot our lives to remember later; we snapshot to share with others. Whether this sharing of pictures is more designated so those “friends” who see them will like those pictures on Facebook, or favorite them on Instagram and Twitter, or respond how goofy/attractive/happy/sad you look on Snapchat remains unknown. It seems like social media’s intention is to engage others and include them in our daily lives on a large scale operation. But this may come at the cost of cheapening our own experiences. Instead of simply enjoying a tube ride down the river, or a night at a bar, we’re overly concerned with others knowing we’re doing those things. How many dumb duckface selfies does this world truly need to see?
Maybe this digital era of photography isn’t so different, as we used to share those photo albums the second a relative visited, and maybe I’m just a sad solipsistic bored without Snapchat. Liquid can be a real ponderous bitch like that, sometimes.
.
.
.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................
.
.
This thing known as power is an addictive thing
And those who do have it to it try to cling
Abuse of power we do read of and hear of every day
Not all who have power use it in a good way
Dictators use the power that they have to suppress
And where Dictators rule you won't find happiness
They cling to their power by the medium of fear
Only of crimes against Humanity of their oppressive regimes we do hear
Power used in a good way happiness does create
And those who use their power for the good we ought to celebrate
Benevolent people with great power are becoming more rare
But blessed are those who for others do care
That philanthropic people are not many does seem sad to say
And of abuse of power we do read of and hear of every day.
Francis Duggan
This is utterly addictive and I really had to hold off eating the whole bowl with a spoon. Find the recipe on my blog.
I love taking photos & it’s become more addictive, when I started working at my client place. There’s something about my new office roof-top that I find irresistible as I had been looking for a higher roof in the city to capture beautiful sunset. The next couple of months, every evening after my short coffee break, I used to reach onto the roof and started taking these coolest sunset pictures. My fellow colleagues first thought I would go out for fag as I never told them about my photography addiction until recently! .
Pictures posted here were taken using point & shoot camera, I used manual & aperture mode to have better control over light exposures. If you like these pictures leave a comment.
Thank you.
This is a screen shot from a video I made for the guys of Addictive prod, check out the video on the link below, and let me know what you about it.
didn't get a chance to do this on Thursday... so addictive! i need to do more. i have so many awesome faves. seriously, i have so many amazing flickr contacts!
1. Brrrrr, 2. wind in the marshgrass, 3. FROST & FOG, 4. Waiting, 5. tree farm,
6. Warmth from inside., 7. French Press Cozy, 8. ..., 9. I knew you before..., 10. Snowflakes that Stay,
11. Untitled, 12. Had a Bad Day, so I went Jumping, 13. We got our tree., 14. cold hands, warm heart, 15. Snow tree,
16. think of all the beauty still left around you, and be happy, 17. snow, 18. Bed Head 155 :: 365, 19. inspired, 20. Untitled