Top 100 DJs
View allAll Photos Tagged 68).[1]
The Eurojet EJ200 is a military low-bypass turbofan used as the powerplant of the Eurofighter Typhoon. The engine gas temperature drops as it passes through the turbine to 1,013 °F (545 °C) but the afterburner (reheat in the UK) combustor reheats the gas but to a much higher temperature (2,540 °F (1,390 °C)).
An EJ200 engine, together with a rocket engine, will power the Bloodhound LSR for an attempt at the land speed record. The target speed is at least 1000 mph.
My bicyclet is from NUTMEG : Cargobike.
Available at Epiphany.
Pose and wine glass is from ANA POSES : Bordeaux 1.
Available at Epiphany.
The old ladies dog in the charette is from REZZROOM : Poodle toy.
Available at Equal10.
Un total de 68 hectáreas repartidas en tres dominios: parque botánico, bosque y viñedos de uva "Albariño". En el año 1830 se produce la plantación de las primeras camelias y de las magnolias perennifolias. (Propiedad privada).
Gardens of the Rubianes Palace (1).
A total of 68 hectares distributed in three domains: Botanical park, forest and grape vineyards "Albariño ". In the year 1830 the plantation of the first camellias and of the Evergreen Magnolias is produced. (Private property).
Villagarcía de Arosa (Pontevedra). Galicia. España.
68 Main Event for May Event 2018
Taxi~ maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Chop%20Zuey/127/212/4002
I.M. Collection Feel the Fab Shorts
I.M. Collection Feel the Fab Shirt
Hair by ~ TRUTH VIP April - Jacica
Sneakers ~-KC- JAZZY TIPTOE SKATES
e.marie // Mandala Coin Necklace
Ice Cream N/A
Picture taken~ maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Story%20of%20Infinite/77/1...
Sponsored:
Av 1:
Head: Soul Inferno by Lightwood, available at this round of Engine Room, and afterwards at the Lightwood Mainstore.
Mantle: Moth by Voluptas Virtualis, available at this round of Engine Room, and afterwards at the Voluptas Virtualis Mainstore.
Av 2:
Goggles: Balthazar Goggles by The Forge, available at this round of Engine Room, and afterwards at the The Forge Mainstore.
Outfit: Blacksmith's set by Somnium, available at this round of Engine Room, and afterwards at the Somnium Mainstore.
Other Deets:
Head (Av 2): Lelutka - Kris
Face scar: Cubic Cherry - Scarred
Prosthetic Arm: Turb - Aether Crystal
Bodies: Legacy - Male
__________________________________
Program:Manual
Lens:50mm f/1.4 G
F:2.0
Speed:1/1250
ISO:280
Focal Length:50 mm
AF Fine Tune Adj:0
Focus Mode:AF-C
AF Area:Dynamic Area (3D-tracking)
Shooting Mode:Single-Frame, Auto ISO
VR:Off
Metering Mode:Multi-segment
WB:Auto0
Picture Control:Neutral
Focus Distance:3.76 m
Dof:0.68 m (3.45 - 4.13)
HyperFocal:41.60 m
Hiii!!! Good morning to all ٩(ˊᗜˋ*)و
Thank you so much for many many kind follow and, glad comments to all ❤(ӦｖӦ｡)
and, I'm very sorry for not reply (´･ω･`)
I don't had enough free time.
Maybe I will little replys today,,,
Thank you for your patience to all m(_ _"m)
【memo】
@Okinawa Summer Festival 2018
SLURL
maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Ryukyu/229/70/25
Web Site
ryukyusim.wixsite.com/team-okinawa
▶Left
CHU-ING. Dokidoki Look. RARE
CHU-ING. Dokidoki Look. RARE (decora)
CHU-ING. Dokidoki Look. Necklace White
CHACHA. Bite me ! Gacha / RARE 1
▶Right
CHU-ING.Dokidoki Look. Stripe1
CHACHA. Bite me ! Gacha / Nomal / Strawberry
👍CHU-ING. Mainstore
maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Chu%20Chu/80/202/23
👍CHACHA Mainstore
maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Chu%20Chu/68/203/23
@Mainstore
▶Left
Beusy: Vexing Hairstyle & Cap
▶Right
TRUTH VIP April - Jacica
+++Today's Location+++
“It's good to see the snakes revealing themselves. They weren't actually hidden at all. People hide behind the masks, but eventually you see them for who they truly are.”
― Amaka Imani Nkosazana, Heart Crush
▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃ ⸸ ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃
☠ ☠ ☠ ☠ ☠ KuZ ☠ ☠ ☠ ☠ ☠
Monster Horn @ Mainstore
⛧ Unrigge, Materials
⛧ Color & Metals HUD
▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃ ⸸ ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃
☠ ☠ ☠ ☠ ☠ Landgraff ☠ ☠ ☠ ☠ ☠
Lips - Terry Lips @ Mainstore
⛧ 10 Evox Color Option
▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃ ⸸ ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃
☠ ☠ ☠ ☠ ☠ SixFeetUnder SFU ☠ ☠ ☠ ☠ ☠
Nefarious Bindi @ Darkness Event
⛧ Resizable
⛧ Unisex
⛧ Color change HUD
▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃ ⸸ ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃
☠ ☠ ☠ ☠ ☠ Unorthodox☠ ☠ ☠ ☠ ☠
Hair - Vern Locs @ Mainstore
⛧ Mesh hair w Color HUD
Scalpz Vern Hairbase @ Mainstore
⛧ Only for Scalpz Unit (Interchangable Mesh Hairbase)
⛧ Uses Scalpz Unit for mesh Hairbase (Located In store) or BOM
Hairbase Unit- Scalpz 1.2 @ Mainstore
⛧ HD Skullcaps for lelutka, interchangable Mesh hairbases
▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃ ⸸ ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃
☠ ☠ ☠ ☠ ☠ Mazzaro ☠ ☠ ☠ ☠ ☠
Claudio Pants @Mainstore
⛧ Jake, Legacy. Gianni & Davis
⛧ Texture HUD
▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃ ⸸ ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃
Nikon F (1961)
50mm Nikkor-S f/1.4 (yellow filter)
Fomapan 100 in Paranol-S (1:50 @ 68 deg for 8.5 min)
-- love these old Nikkor for B&W film
This is a medium-large black bird, 68 to 78 cm (27 to 31 in) long and with a 95-to-110-centimetre (37 to 43 in) wingspan. It has a longish tail and yellow throat-patch. Adults have a small crest in the breeding season.
It is distinguished from the great cormorant by its smaller size, lighter build, thinner bill, and, in breeding adults, by the crest and metallic green-tinged sheen on the feathers. Among those differences are that a shag has a lighter, narrower beak; and the juvenile shag has darker underparts. The European shag's tail has 12 feathers, the great cormorant's 14 feathers. The green sheen on the feathers results in the alternative name green cormorant sometimes being given to the European shag.
This image was taken on the Inner Farne Island, off the coast of Northumberland in the north east of England
Yet another upload of Killiney Bay. I never tire of this view, one day I will hopefully "nail" this shot.
Sony SLT-68
16-105mm @ 16mm
1/400sec @ f/10
Handheld
edited in DxO OpticsPro 11
Just a vertical I really liked of this scene with some nice long old school telecompression.
After switching in the hump yard for a bit Providence and Worcester's local switcher WX-1 and found them working the 'hump yard' headed down the Norwich Branch side to work long time customer Polar Beverage. This long telephoto view looks north from near the Hope Ave. crossing at about MP 68.5 on the Norwich Branch main as traffic flies by overhead on I290. The train is technically on Track 6 in the Norwich South Yard as main track officially begins about 500 ft. behind me on the other side of the crossing at Sword.
On the point is PW 2010 which was built new for Penn Central in Oct. 1969 as PC 7808. It passed to Conrail 7 years later and was sold to the PW in 1984, and then rebuilt in 1999 at Paducah and is now classified as a GP38-3. Trailing is 2009 an EMD GP38-2 purchased new by the then only 9 year newly independent PW in Sep. 1982.
Worcester, Massachusetts
Wednesday December 21, 2022
Canon P Rangefinder, Canon Serenar 50mm 1.4, Cinestill XX, D76 1:1 68°
fineartamerica.com/featured/walgreens-on-wabash-chicago-i...
Available at the current round of 68 Main....Zibska's colorful Celi and Ceri makeup, combined with the Zibska Sian collar set, and the Dafnis Selenion strapped outfit. This combination is out of this world and if you love avant garde styling, this is the combo for you!
Your Limo to 68 MAIN: maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Chop%20Zuey/127/212/400
Olyvia is wearing:
Zibska Sian Collar A
Zibska Sian Collar B
Zibska Sian Orbit
Zibska Ceri Lipstick
Zibska Cili eyeshadow
*dafnis :[Selenion]Maitreya
*dafnis Y03-maitreya
*dafnis-- Crop Corset Lara
Nanika Tattoos - Gaia upper - black
Nanika Tattoos - My LIfe lower - black
**RE** Exene Rings & Claws
-FABIA- Mesh Hair Natural Tones (Size)
CATWA HEAD AnnaGrey V4.10
DeeTaleZ Mesh BEAUTY MOLE (resize script)
IKON Triumph Eyes - Evening
Maitreya Mesh Body - Lara V4.1
[MAITREYA] -KC- FAITH HEELS / PAIR
My thanks to Fox City for their Indulge background
Leica M2
35mm 8-element Summicron replica
Asttrum 100 in Rodinal (1:50 @ 68 deg. for 13 min)
-- The three M's: Mary, Molly, and her meter (when she remembers to bring it along).
Not created by nature. The ratio of subsequent spiral radii for this snail is approximately 1.67. It is equal to 1.68 for nautilus. 1.68 is the well-known Golden Ratio.
Not so difficult once understood the trick, anyway a result possible only with your support, so THANKS A LOT TO ALL OF YOU!
1. tulipano, 2. Teatro Civico di Tortona, 3. angelo, 4. Teatro civico di Tortona (AL), 5. Racconigi, 6. dolce pasquetta, 7. The Abominable Snowman's daughter!, 8. I wish you a sweet easter,
9. fontana delle tartarughe, 10. Noi e Gorby, 11. scorci romani, 12. stazione centrale, Milano, 13. Stazione Centrale, Milano, 14. lucernai, 15. Milano, 16. Ebe,
17. croco, 18. tramonto a Basaluzzo, 19. la finestra sul cielo, 20. altare della patria, 21. in viaggio, 22. Il Vittoriano, 23. colosseo, 24. a sunny sky on the snow,
25. gruzzolo, 26. che poi.., 27. tris di cioccolati, 28. Teatro Eliseo, 29. maschera, 30. javier marin, 31. luna sul Vaticano, 32. fontana di trevi,
33. rialto, 34. il cielo su Lugano, 35. la fortuna di prendere il bus, 36. Lugano, 37. P, 38. natale a Venezia, 39. Sona (vr), 40. venezia,
41. Alessandria, 42. rialto, 43. lights!, 44. venezia, 45. happy new year!, 46. un nebbioso canaletto, 47. venezia, 48. Piazza Garibaldi vestita a festa,
49. pomodori, 50. venetian, 51. sul vaporetto, 52. solitudine, 53. auguri! best wishes!, 54. inusual venice, 55. birra, 56. Venezia,
57. osteria dal ponte, 58. allegria, 59. Isola San Giulio, 60. sull'orlo della sera, 61. Solvay Solexis, 62. lago d'Orta, 63. isola san giulio, 64. winter view,
65. isola san giulio, 66. celle, 67. snowy sunset, 68. arnaldo pomodoro, 69. Arnaldo Pomodoro a Orta San Giulio, 70. edicola affrescata, 71. scorcio, 72. ciclamini
73. love me fender, 74. fili d'erba, 75. elettrocitta', 76. in the mist, 77. crisantemi, 78. la boheme, 79. 'o babbasone, 80. Ciclamini,
81. stati d'animo, 82. Betty Boop, 83. semaforo rosso, 84. leone, 85. nebbia, 86. tramonto, 87. mollette multicolor, 88. accendini,
89. gialla, 90. luce d'autunno, 91. foliage, 92. scorcio romantico, 93. cicogne, 94. fuochi d'artificio, 95. sauternes, 96. cielo,
97. St Agricole, 98. archi e contrafforti, 99. attraverso una monofora
1. In the woods., 2. Blowing in the wind., 3. Sailing, thats for the birds, 4. Downstream, 5. A very very very young butterfly., 6. HEY BUZZ OFF!!!!!!!!, 7. Alva Glen, 8. The Loup of Fintry,
9. SPLASH, 10. Big Bird (nothing to do with sesame street), 11. Got one to sit at last, 12. Campsie Fall, 13. Said the spider to the fly, 14. Standing Tall, 15. The Best Seat in Town, 16. flickr.com/photos/17604343@N06/2753905571/,
17. Falls of Clyde (top), 18. Splash - Tenerife Sunset ii, 19. Tenerife Sunset, 20. Falls of Clyde (top), 21. Pink, 22. Butterfly number 2, 23. The Loup of Fintry, 24. Top of the falls.,
25. Bracklinn Falls, 26. Bridge at Hermitage, 27. A waterfall a Bruar, 28. Stairway to ....., 29. Seat reserved, standing room only, 30. The Birks at Aberfeldy, 31. Through the Trees, 32. A hill, little pond and some green stuff,
33. Falls of clyde (bottom falls), 34. Falls Of Clyde (top falls), 35. Part of Hermitage main falls, 36. Hoverfly on a Thistle, 37. A Family Scene, 38. The Hermitage., 39. Let there be light., 40. A Yellow Rose,
41. Hermitage, 42. Bruar, 43. Pretty in Pink, 44. Carluke Waterfall, 45. Follow the Yellow Brick Road, 46. Bridge on the Clyde, 47. The base of the Falls, 48. One Man, Two Wellingtons, Three hours and ZERO FISH,
49. Waterfall Carluke, 50. Local Waterfall, 51. Down the valley, 52. The Talla Dam, 53. Swans in the sunset, 54. Falls at Kirkfieldbank, 55. African Daisy II, 56. Sunset in Scotland.,
57. The Heron (Blue I think), 58. when the wind blows, 59. Tinto Hill View, 60. A dreamy day, 61. Below the Weir, 62. Clyde at Kirkfieldbank ii, 63. Another Campsie shot!!!!!!!, 64. Glasgow Cathedral,
65. Campsie falls, 66. Glasgow Cathedral, 67. Tullip, 68. Bridge over clyde 2, 69. A Bridge over the Clyde, 70. Lanark Loch, 71. The Hidden Corner, 72. The Dalveen Pass
Created with fd's Flickr Toys.
photo id: 4K4V6553-A
© Paul Green - All rights reserved. Please do not use my images without my permission
A nice bonus on the visit to the Durham Coast was this move - 6M60 from Hartlepool Power Station to Sellafield. 68005 and 004 were on this run - which I call a bonus as I didn't notice it running until the last minute!
This train is used to remove spent nuclear reactor fuel from the nuclear power station near Seaton Carrew and transport it to the Nuclear Decommisioning Authority site at Sellafield for processing.
The loading process at Hartlepool is unusual in that the flasks are taken into a building near the main reactor building for loading, rather than being loaded via a crane at a site away from the power station (e.g. Torness - loading is done over 1.5 miles away from the power station). It'd be interesting to know why this method is feasible at Hartlepool but seemingly not at other power stations which are also close to the railway (like Torness), as it seems wasteful to load a HGV then take it less than 2 miles to be offloaded again.
Day 68 [1/52]
fhdsfdshjvhj Explored (#5)! :D:D:D:D Front Page, supposedly. At least some people say so, and I've seen a screen shot of it, although I haven't actually seen it for real yet. But anyhow, if it really is Front Page, then today's a day worth remembering, for me at least. Thank you, to anyone and everyone for making this happen :D:D
This was taken at my grandparent's house today, and I've decided to do the Teleidoscope project. Take a look at the stuff they have there :D
The light in this photo is awkward :/
Oh oh, and I got a new tripod :D:D
1. Summer beauties, 2. Here comes the sun!, 3. Do you like my profile shot?, 4. Happy Birthday Rhonda!!, 5. That Tickles!!, 6. Look out below......, 7. Who's footprints are those?, 8. This corn tastes like dirt!,
9. A Predator is Lurking, 10. Cascade of Colors, 11. Quackers is ready for lunch, 12. Put your seatbelt on..we're going for a ride., 13. What? I'm hungry!!, 14. Here's "Quackers", 15. I'm just as pretty as the cardinal, 16. Safe hiding place,
17. Let your light shine for all to see!, 18. Singing Praise to our Lord!, 19. Happy Easter!, 20. "What happened to me", 21. He brightened my day!, 22. You talking to me??, 23. Friends come in all shapes, colors and sizes!, 24. A splash of color!,
25. Can't we stop and rest?, 26. Ma.......He's makin eyes at me!, 27. Is this my best side?, 28. Do I smell food???, 29. The Perfect Pair, 30. Happy St. Patrick's Day!, 31. Love those feet, 32. Seeing Double,
33. flickr.com/photos/18086665@N02/2333857029/, 34. It was a long trek to get our lunch, 35. Winter Beauty, 36. Tender Moments, 37. Can I have a treat...pretty please?, 38. What? Is there something on my face?, 39. Music to My Ears, 40. Here we go again.....,
41. I can't wait to plant my garden., 42. Top O' the Morning!, 43. Still growing strong, 44. Greetings to Maggie, 45. Hey guys, can I join you?, 46. If you feed them, they will come!, 47. I can be a dove if I want to....., 48. Snow birds,
49. The nuthatch pays a visit, 50. Snow again...., 51. Where is it going?, 52. Lunar eclipse, 53. Picnic anyone?, 54. Icy Waters, 55. Thinking of Summer, 56. Tasty treats,
57. Baby, it's cold outside....., 58. Snow, snow, everywhere........, 59. The snow battle begins....., 60. Love is in the air, 61. It's cold outside, 62. Another beautiful day at the lake, 63. My Sweet Sammy, 64. Cute toes,
65. Trusting gaze?, 66. The Sun Brings Warmth, 67. My tail itches, 68. The dinosaurs are loose...., 69. Little girl waiting for the feeder, 70. Winter beauty, 71. A dragon for Maura, 72. Morning glow
Created with fd's Flickr Toys.
Information from: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Cod
Cape Cod
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the area of Massachusetts. For other uses, see Cape Cod (disambiguation).
For other uses, see Cod (disambiguation).
Coordinates: 41°41′20″N 70°17′49″W / 41.68889°N 70.29694°W / 41.68889; -70.29694
Map of Massachusetts, with Cape Cod (Barnstable County) indicated in red
Dunes on Sandy Neck are part of the Cape's barrier beach which helps to prevent erosion
Cape Cod, often referred to locally as simply the Cape, is an island and a cape in the easternmost portion of the state of Massachusetts, in the Northeastern United States. It is coextensive with Barnstable County. Several small islands right off Cape Cod, including Monomoy Island, Monomoscoy Island, Popponesset Island, and Seconsett Island, are also in Barnstable County, being part of municipalities with land on the Cape. The Cape's small-town character and large beachfront attract heavy tourism during the summer months.
Cape Cod was formed as the terminal moraine of a glacier, resulting in a peninsula in the Atlantic Ocean. In 1914, the Cape Cod Canal was cut through the base or isthmus of the peninsula, forming an island. The Cape Cod Commission refers to the resultant landmass as an island; as does the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in regards to disaster preparedness.[1] It is still identified as a peninsula by geographers, who do not change landform designations based on man-made canal construction.[citation needed]
Unofficially, it is one of the biggest barrier islands in the world, shielding much of the Massachusetts coastline from North Atlantic storm waves. This protection helps to erode the Cape shoreline at the expense of cliffs, while protecting towns from Fairhaven to Marshfield.
Road vehicles from the mainland cross over the Cape Cod Canal via the Sagamore Bridge and the Bourne Bridge. The two bridges are parallel, with the Bourne Bridge located slightly farther southwest. In addition, the Cape Cod Canal Railroad Bridge carries railway freight as well as tourist passenger services.
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Geography and political divisions
o 1.1 "Upper" and "Lower"
* 2 Geology
* 3 Climate
* 4 Native population
* 5 History
* 6 Lighthouses of Cape Cod
* 7 Transportation
o 7.1 Bus
o 7.2 Rail
o 7.3 Taxi
* 8 Tourism
* 9 Sport fishing
* 10 Sports
* 11 Education
* 12 Islands off Cape Cod
* 13 See also
* 14 References
o 14.1 Notes
o 14.2 Sources
o 14.3 Further reading
* 15 External links
[edit] Geography and political divisions
Towns of Barnstable County
historical map of 1890
The highest elevation on Cape Cod is 306 feet (93 m), at the top of Pine Hill, in the Bourne portion of the Massachusetts Military Reservation. The lowest point is sea level.
The body of water located between Cape Cod and the mainland, bordered to the north by Massachusetts Bay, is Cape Cod Bay; west of Cape Cod is Buzzards Bay. The Cape Cod Canal, completed in 1916, connects Buzzards Bay to Cape Cod Bay; it shortened the trade route between New York and Boston by 62 miles.[2] To the south of Cape Cod lie Nantucket Sound; Nantucket and Martha's Vineyard, both large islands, and the mostly privately owned Elizabeth Islands.
Cape Cod incorporates all of Barnstable County, which comprises 15 towns: Bourne, Sandwich, Falmouth, and Mashpee, Barnstable, Yarmouth, Dennis, Harwich, Brewster, Chatham, Orleans, Eastham, Wellfleet, Truro, and Provincetown. Two of the county's fifteen towns (Bourne and Sandwich) include land on the mainland side of the Cape Cod Canal. The towns of Plymouth and Wareham, in adjacent Plymouth County, are sometimes considered to be part of Cape Cod but are not located on the island.
In the 17th century the designation Cape Cod applied only to the tip of the peninsula, essentially present-day Provincetown. Over the ensuing decades, the name came to mean all the land east of the Manomet and Scussett rivers - essentially the line of the 20th century Cape Cod Canal. Now, the complete towns of Bourne and Sandwich are widely considered to incorporate the full perimeter of Cape Cod, even though small parts of these towns are located on the west side of the canal. The canal divides the largest part of the peninsula from the mainland and the resultant landmass is sometimes referred to as an island.[3][4] Additionally some "Cape Codders" – residents of "The Cape" – refer to all land on the mainland side of the canal as "off-Cape."
For most of the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries, Cape Cod was considered to consist of three sections:
* The Upper Cape is the part of Cape Cod closest to the mainland, comprising the towns of Bourne, Sandwich, Falmouth, and Mashpee. Falmouth is the home of the famous Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and several other research organizations, and is also the most-used ferry connection to Martha's Vineyard. Falmouth is composed of several separate villages, including East Falmouth, Falmouth Village, Hatchville, North Falmouth, Teaticket, Waquoit, West Falmouth, and Woods Hole, as well as several smaller hamlets that are incorporated into their larger neighbors (e.g., Davisville, Falmouth Heights, Quissett, Sippewissett, and others).[5]
* The Mid-Cape includes the towns of Barnstable, Yarmouth and Dennis. The Mid-Cape area features many beautiful beaches, including warm-water beaches along Nantucket Sound, e.g., Kalmus Beach in Hyannis, which gets its name from one of the inventors of Technicolor, Herbert Kalmus. This popular windsurfing destination was bequeathed to the town of Barnstable by Dr. Kalmus on condition that it not be developed, possibly one of the first instances of open-space preservation in the US. The Mid-Cape is also the commercial and industrial center of the region. There are seven villages in Barnstable, including Barnstable Village, Centerville, Cotuit, Hyannis, Marstons Mills, Osterville, and West Barnstable, as well as several smaller hamlets that are incorporated into their larger neighbors (e.g., Craigville, Cummaquid, Hyannisport, Santuit, Wianno, and others).[6] There are three villages in Yarmouth: South Yarmouth, West Yarmouth and Yarmouthport. There are five villages in Dennis including, Dennis Village(North Dennis), East Dennis, West Dennis, South Dennis and Dennisport.[7]
* The Lower Cape traditionally included all of the rest of the Cape,or the towns of Harwich, Brewster, Chatham, Orleans, Eastham, Wellfleet, Truro, and Provincetown. This area includes the Cape Cod National Seashore, a national park comprising much of the outer Cape, including the entire east-facing coast, and is home to some of the most popular beaches in America, such as Coast Guard Beach and Nauset Light Beach in Eastham. Stephen Leatherman, aka "Dr. Beach", named Coast Guard Beach the 5th best beach in America for 2007.[8]
[edit] "Upper" and "Lower"
The terms "Upper" and "Lower" as applied to the Cape have nothing to do with north and south. Instead, they derive from maritime convention at the time when the principal means of transportation involved watercraft, and the prevailing westerly winds meant that a boat with sails traveling northeast in Cape Cod Bay would have the wind at its back and thus be going downwind, while a craft sailing southwest would be going against the wind, or upwind.[9] Similarly, on nearby Martha's Vineyard, "Up Island" still is the western section and "Down Island" is to the east, and in Maine, "Down East" is similarly defined by the winds and currents.
Over time, the reasons for the traditional nomenclature became unfamiliar and their meaning obscure. Late in the 1900s, new arrivals began calling towns from Eastham to Provincetown the "Outer Cape", yet another geographic descriptor which is still in use, as is the "Inner Cape."
[edit] Geology
Cape Cod and Cape Cod Bay from space.[10]
East of America, there stands in the open Atlantic the last fragment of an ancient and vanished land. Worn by the breakers and the rains, and disintegrated by the wind, it still stands bold.
“
”
Henry Beston, The Outermost House
Cape Cod forms a continuous archipelagic region with a thin line of islands stretching toward New York, historically known by naturalists as the Outer Lands. This continuity is due to the fact that the islands and Cape are all terminal glacial moraines laid down some 16,000 to 20,000 years ago.
Most of Cape Cod's geological history involves the advance and retreat of the Laurentide ice sheet in the late Pleistocene geological era and the subsequent changes in sea level. Using radiocarbon dating techniques, researchers have determined that around 23,000 years ago, the ice sheet reached its maximum southward advance over North America, and then started to retreat. Many "kettle ponds" — clear, cold lakes — were formed and remain on Cape Cod as a result of the receding glacier. By about 18,000 years ago, the ice sheet had retreated past Cape Cod. By roughly 15,000 years ago, it had retreated past southern New England. When so much of Earth's water was locked up in massive ice sheets, the sea level was lower. Truro's bayside beaches used to be a petrified forest, before it became a beach.
As the ice began to melt, the sea began to rise. Initially, sea level rose quickly, about 15 meters (50 ft) per 1,000 years, but then the rate declined. On Cape Cod, sea level rose roughly 3 meters (11 ft) per millennium between 6,000 and 2,000 years ago. After that, it continued to rise at about 1 meter (3 ft) per millennium. By 6,000 years ago, the sea level was high enough to start eroding the glacial deposits that the vanished continental ice sheet had left on Cape Cod. The water transported the eroded deposits north and south along the outer Cape's shoreline. Those reworked sediments that moved north went to the tip of Cape Cod.
Provincetown Spit, at the northern end of the Cape, consists largely of marine deposits, transported from farther up the shore. Sediments that moved south created the islands and shoals of Monomoy. So while other parts of the Cape have dwindled from the action of the waves, these parts of the Cape have grown.
Cape Cod National Seashore
This process continues today. Due to their position jutting out into the Atlantic Ocean, the Cape and islands are subject to massive coastal erosion. Geologists say that, due to erosion, the Cape will be completely submerged by the sea in thousands of years.[11] This erosion causes the washout of beaches and the destruction of the barrier islands; for example, the ocean broke through the barrier island at Chatham during Hurricane Bob in 1991, allowing waves and storm surges to hit the coast with no obstruction. Consequently, the sediment and sand from the beaches is being washed away and deposited elsewhere. While this destroys land in some places, it creates land elsewhere, most noticeably in marshes where sediment is deposited by waters running through them.
[edit] Climate
Although Cape Cod's weather[12] is typically more moderate than inland locations, there have been occasions where Cape Cod has dealt with the brunt of extreme weather situations (such as the Blizzard of 1954 and Hurricane of 1938). Because of the influence of the Atlantic Ocean, temperatures are typically a few degrees cooler in the summer and a few degrees warmer in the winter. A common misconception is that the climate is influenced largely by the warm Gulf Stream current, however that current turns eastward off the coast of Virginia and the waters off the Cape are more influenced by the cold Canadian Labrador Current. As a result, the ocean temperature rarely gets above 65 °F (18 °C), except along the shallow west coast of the Upper Cape.
The Cape's climate is also notorious for a delayed spring season, being surrounded by an ocean which is still cold from the winter; however, it is also known for an exceptionally mild fall season (Indian summer), thanks to the ocean remaining warm from the summer. The highest temperature ever recorded on Cape Cod was 104 °F (40 °C) in Provincetown[13], and the lowest temperature ever was −12 °F (−24.4 °C) in Barnstable.[14]
The water surrounding Cape Cod moderates winter temperatures enough to extend the USDA hardiness zone 7a to its northernmost limit in eastern North America.[15] Even though zone 7a (annual low = 0–5 degrees Fahrenheit) signifies no sub-zero temperatures annually, there have been several instances of temperatures reaching a few degrees below zero across the Cape (although it is rare, usually 1–5 times a year, typically depending on locale, sometimes not at all). Consequently, many plant species typically found in more southerly latitudes grow there, including Camellias, Ilex opaca, Magnolia grandiflora and Albizia julibrissin.
Precipitation on Cape Cod and the islands of Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket is the lowest in the New England region, averaging slightly less than 40 inches (1,000 mm) a year (most parts of New England average 42–46 inches). This is due to storm systems which move across western areas, building up in mountainous regions, and dissipating before reaching the coast where the land has leveled out. The region does not experience a greater number of sunny days however, as the number of cloudy days is the same as inland locales, in addition to increased fog. Snowfall is annual, but a lot less common than the rest of Massachusetts. On average, 30 inches of snow, which is a foot less than Boston, falls in an average winter. Snow is usually light, and comes in squalls on cold days. Storms that bring blizzard conditions and snow emergencies to the mainland, bring devastating ice storms or just heavy rains more frequently than large snow storms.
[hide]Climate data for Cape Cod
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 2.06
(35.7) 2.5
(36.5) 6.22
(43.2) 11.72
(53.1) 16.94
(62.5) 23.5
(74.3) 26.39
(79.5) 26.67
(80.0) 25.06
(77.1) 18.39
(65.1) 12.56
(54.6) 5.44
(41.8) 26.67
(80.0)
Average low °C (°F) -5.33
(22.4) -5
(23.0) -1.33
(29.6) 2.72
(36.9) 8.72
(47.7) 14.61
(58.3) 19.22
(66.6) 20.28
(68.5) 15.56
(60.0) 9.94
(49.9) 3.94
(39.1) -2.22
(28.0) -5.33
(22.4)
Precipitation mm (inches) 98
(3.86) 75.4
(2.97) 95
(3.74) 92.5
(3.64) 83.6
(3.29) 76.7
(3.02) 62.2
(2.45) 65
(2.56) 74.7
(2.94) 84.8
(3.34) 90.7
(3.57) 92.7
(3.65) 990.9
(39.01)
Source: World Meteorological Organisation (United Nations) [16]
[edit] Native population
Cape Cod has been the home of the Wampanoag tribe of Native American people for many centuries. They survived off the sea and were accomplished farmers. They understood the principles of sustainable forest management, and were known to light controlled fires to keep the underbrush in check. They helped the Pilgrims, who arrived in the fall of 1620, survive at their new Plymouth Colony. At the time, the dominant group was the Kakopee, known for their abilities at fishing. They were the first Native Americans to use large casting nets. Early colonial settlers recorded that the Kakopee numbered nearly 7,000.
Shortly after the Pilgrims arrived, the chief of the Kakopee, Mogauhok, attempted to make a treaty limiting colonial settlements. The effort failed after he succumbed to smallpox in 1625. Infectious diseases such as smallpox, measles and influenza caused the deaths of many other Kakopee and Wampanoag. They had no natural immunity to Eurasian diseases by then endemic among the English and other Europeans. Today, the only reminder of the Kakopee is a small public recreation area in Barnstable named for them. A historic marker notes the burial site of Mogauhok near Truro, although the location is conjecture.
While contractors were digging test wells in the eastern Massachusetts Military Reservation area, they discovered an archeological find.[citation needed] Excavation revealed the remains of a Kakopee village in Forestdale, a location in Sandwich. Researchers found a totem with a painted image of Mogauhok, portrayed in his chief's cape and brooch. The totem was discovered on property on Grand Oak Road. It is the first evidence other than colonial accounts of his role as an important Kakopee leader.
The Indians lost their lands through continued purchase and expropriation by the English colonists. The documentary Natives of the Narrowland (1993), narrated by actress Julie Harris, shows the history of the Wampanoag people through Cape Cod archaeological sites.
In 1974, the Mashpee Wampanoag Tribal Council was formed to articulate the concerns of those with Native American ancestry. They petitioned the federal government in 1975 and again in 1990 for official recognition of the Mashpee Wampanoag as a tribe. In May 2007, the Wampanoag tribe was finally federally recognized as a tribe.[17]
[edit] History
Cranberry picking in 1906
Cape Cod was a landmark for early explorers. It may have been the "Promontory of Vinland" mentioned by the Norse voyagers (985-1025). Giovanni da Verrazzano in 1524 approached it from the south. He named Martha's Vineyard Claudia, after the mother of the King of France.[18] The next year the explorer Esteban Gómez called it Cape St. James.
In 1602 Bartholomew Gosnold named it Cape Cod, the surviving term and the ninth oldest English place-name in the U.S.[19] Samuel de Champlain charted its sand-silted harbors in 1606 and Henry Hudson landed there in 1609. Captain John Smith noted it on his map of 1614 and at last the Pilgrims entered the "Cape Harbor" and – contrary to the popular myth of Plymouth Rock – made their first landing near present-day Provincetown on November 11, 1620. Nearby, in what is now Eastham, they had their first encounter with Native Americans.
Cape Cod was among the first places settled by the English in North America. Aside from Barnstable (1639), Sandwich (1637) and Yarmouth (1639), the Cape's fifteen towns developed slowly. The final town to be established on the Cape was Bourne in 1884.[20] Provincetown was a group of huts until the 18th century. A channel from Massachusetts Bay to Buzzards Bay is shown on Southack's map of 1717. The present Cape Cod Canal was slowly developed from 1870 to 1914. The Federal government purchased it in 1928.
Thanks to early colonial settlement and intensive land use, by the time Henry Thoreau saw Cape Cod during his four visits over 1849 to 1857[21], its vegetation was depauperate and trees were scarce. As the settlers heated by fires, and it took 10 to 20 cords (40 to 80 m³) of wood to heat a home, they cleared most of Cape Cod of timber early on. They planted familiar crops, but these were unsuited to Cape Cod's thin, glacially derived soils. For instance, much of Eastham was planted to wheat. The settlers practiced burning of woodlands to release nutrients into the soil. Improper and intensive farming led to erosion and the loss of topsoil. Farmers grazed their cattle on the grassy dunes of coastal Massachusetts, only to watch "in horror as the denuded sands `walked' over richer lands, burying cultivated fields and fences." Dunes on the outer Cape became more common and many harbors filled in with eroded soils.[22]
By 1800, most of Cape Cod's firewood had to be transported by boat from Maine. The paucity of vegetation was worsened by the raising of merino sheep that reached its peak in New England around 1840. The early industrial revolution, which occurred through much of Massachusetts and Rhode Island, mostly bypassed Cape Cod due to a lack of significant water power in the area. As a result, and also because of its geographic position, the Cape developed as a large fishing and whaling center. After 1860 and the opening of the American West, farmers abandoned agriculture on the Cape. By 1950 forests had recovered to an extent not seen since the 18th century.
Cape Cod became a summer haven for city dwellers beginning at the end of the 19th century. Improved rail transportation made the towns of the Upper Cape, such as Bourne and Falmouth, accessible to Bostonians. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the Northeastern mercantile elite built many large, shingled "cottages" along Buzzards Bay. The relaxed summer environment offered by Cape Cod was highlighted by writers including Joseph C. Lincoln, who published novels and countless short stories about Cape Cod folks in popular magazines such as the Saturday Evening Post and the Delineator.
Guglielmo Marconi made the first transatlantic wireless transmission originating in the United States from Cape Cod, at Wellfleet. The beach from which he transmitted has since been called Marconi Beach. In 1914 he opened the maritime wireless station WCC in Chatham. It supported the communications of Amelia Earhart, Howard Hughes, Admiral Byrd, and the Hindenburg. Marconi chose Chatham due to its vantage point on the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded on three sides by water. Walter Cronkite narrated a 17-minute documentary in 2005 about the history of the Chatham Station.
Much of the East-facing Atlantic seacoast of Cape Cod consists of wide, sandy beaches. In 1961, a significant portion of this coastline, already slated for housing subdivisions, was made a part of the Cape Cod National Seashore by President John F. Kennedy. It was protected from private development and preserved for public use. Large portions are open to the public, including the Marconi Site in Wellfleet. This is a park encompassing the site of the first two-way transoceanic radio transmission from the United States. (Theodore Roosevelt used Marconi's equipment for this transmission).
The Kennedy Compound in Hyannisport was President Kennedy's summer White House during his presidency. The Kennedy family continues to maintain residences on the compound. Other notable residents of Cape Cod have included actress Julie Harris, US Supreme Court justice Louis Brandeis, figure skater Todd Eldredge, and novelists Norman Mailer and Kurt Vonnegut. Influential natives included the patriot James Otis, historian and writer Mercy Otis Warren, jurist Lemuel Shaw, and naval officer John Percival.
[edit] Lighthouses of Cape Cod
Race Point Lighthouse in Provincetown (1876)
Lighthouses, from ancient times, have fascinated members of the human race. There is something about a lighted beacon that suggests hope and trust and appeals to the better instincts of mankind.
“
”
Edward Rowe Snow
Due to its dangerous constantly moving shoals, Cape Cod's shores have featured beacons which warn ships of the danger since very early in its history. There are numerous working lighthouses on Cape Cod and the Islands, including Highland Light, Nauset Light, Chatham Light, Race Point Light, and Nobska Light, mostly operated by the U.S. Coast Guard. The exception is Nauset Light, which was decommissioned in 1996 and is now maintained by the Nauset Light Preservation Society under the auspices of Cape Cod National Seashore. These lighthouses are frequently photographed symbols of Cape Cod.
Others include:
Upper Cape: Wings Neck
Mid Cape: Sandy Neck, South Hyannis, Lewis Bay, Bishop and Clerks, Bass River
Lower Cape: Wood End, Long Point, Monomoy, Stage Harbor, Pamet, Mayo Beach, Billingsgate, Three Sisters, Nauset, Highland
[edit] Transportation
Cape Cod is connected to the mainland by a pair of canal-spanning highway bridges from Bourne and Sagamore that were constructed in the 1930s, and a vertical-lift railroad bridge. The limited number of access points to the peninsula can result in large traffic backups during the tourist season.
The entire Cape is roughly bisected lengthwise by U.S. Route 6, locally known as the Mid-Cape Highway and officially as the Grand Army of the Republic Highway.
Commercial air service to Cape Cod operates out of Barnstable Municipal Airport and Provincetown Municipal Airport. Several bus lines service the Cape. There are ferry connections from Boston to Provincetown, as well as from Hyannis and Woods Hole to the islands.
Cape Cod has a public transportation network comprising buses operated by three different companies, a rail line, taxis and paratransit services.
The Bourne Bridge over the Cape Cod Canal, with the Cape Cod Canal Railroad Bridge in the background
[edit] Bus
Cape Cod Regional Transit Authority operates a year-round public bus system comprising three long distance routes and a local bus in Hyannis and Barnstable Village. From mid June until October, additional local routes are added in Falmouth and Provincetown. CCRTA also operates Barnstable County's ADA required paratransit (dial-a-ride) service, under the name "B-Bus."
Long distance bus service is available through Plymouth and Brockton Street Railway, with regular service to Boston and Logan Airport, as well as less frequent service to Provincetown. Peter Pan Bus Lines also runs long distance service to Providence T.F. Green Airport and New York City.
[edit] Rail
Regular passenger rail service through Cape Cod ended in 1959, quite possibly on June 30 of that year. In 1978, the tracks east of South Dennis were abandoned and replaced with the very popular bicycle path, known as the Cape Cod Rail Trail. Another bike path, the Shining Sea Bikeway, was built over tracks between Woods Hole and Falmouth in 1975; construction to extend this path to North Falmouth over 6.3 miles (10.1 km) of inactive rail bed began in April 2008[23] and ended in early 2009. Active freight service remains in the Upper Cape area in Sandwich and in Bourne, largely due to a trash transfer station located at Massachusetts Military Reservation along the Bourne-Falmouth rail line. In 1986, Amtrak ran a seasonal service in the summer from New York City to Hyannis called the Cape Codder. From 1988, Amtrak and the Massachusetts Department of Transportation increased service to a daily frequency.[24] Since its demise in 1996, there have been periodic discussions about reinstating passenger rail service from Boston to reduce car traffic to and from the Cape, with officials in Bourne seeking to re-extend MBTA Commuter Rail service from Middleboro to Buzzards Bay[25], despite a reluctant Beacon Hill legislature.
Cape Cod Central Railroad operates passenger train service on Cape Cod. The service is primarily tourist oriented and includes a dinner train. The scenic route between Downtown Hyannis and the Cape Cod Canal is about 2½ hours round trip. Massachusetts Coastal Railroad is also planning to return passenger railroad services eventually to the Bourne-Falmouth rail line in the future. An August 5, 2009 article on the New England Cable News channel, entitled South Coast rail project a priority for Mass. lawmakers, mentions a $1.4-billion railroad reconstruction plan by Governor Deval Patrick, and could mean rebuilding of old rail lines on the Cape. On November 21, 2009, the town of Falmouth saw its first passenger train in 12 years, a set of dinner train cars from Cape Cod Central. And a trip from the Mass Bay Railroad Enthusiasts on May 15, 2010 revealed a second trip along the Falmouth line.
[edit] Taxi
Taxicabs are plentiful, with several different companies operating out of different parts of the Cape. Except at the airport and some bus terminals with taxi stands, cabs must be booked ahead of time, with most operators preferring two to three hours notice. Cabs cannot be "hailed" anywhere in Barnstable County, this was outlawed in the early nineties after several robbery attempts on drivers.
Most companies utilize a New York City-style taximeter and charge based on distance plus an initial fee of $2 to $3. In Provincetown, cabs charge a flat fare per person anywhere in the town.
[edit] Tourism
Hyannis Harbor on Nantucket Sound
Although Cape Cod has a year-round population of about 230,000, it experiences a tourist season each summer, the beginning and end of which can be roughly approximated as Memorial Day and Labor Day, respectively. Many businesses are specifically targeted to summer visitors, and close during the eight to nine months of the "off season" (although the "on season" has been expanding somewhat in recent years due to Indian Summer, reduced lodging rates, and the number of people visiting the Cape after Labor Day who either have no school-age children, and the elderly, reducing the true "off season" to six or seven months). In the late 20th century, tourists and owners of second homes began visiting the Cape more and more in the spring and fall, softening the definition of the high season and expanding it somewhat (see above). Some particularly well-known Cape products and industries include cranberries, shellfish (particularly oysters and clams) and lobstering.
Provincetown, at the tip of Cape Cod, also berths several whale watching fleets who patrol the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary. Most fleets guarantee a whale sighting (mostly humpback whale, fin whale, minke whale, sei whale, and critically endangered, the North Atlantic Right Whale), and one is the only federally certified operation qualified to rescue whales. Provincetown has also long been known as an art colony, attracting writers and artists. The town is home to the Cape's most attended art museum, the Provincetown Art Association and Museum. Many hotels and resorts are friendly to or cater to gay and lesbian tourists and it is known as a gay mecca in the summer.[26]
Cape Cod is a popular destination for beachgoers from all over. With 559.6 miles (900.6 km) of coastline, beaches, both public and private, are easily accessible. The Cape has upwards of sixty public beaches, many of which offer parking for non-residents for a daily fee (in summer). The Cape Cod National Seashore has 40 miles (64 km) of sandy beach and many walking paths.
Cape Cod is also popular for its outdoor activities like beach walking, biking, boating, fishing, go-karts, golfing, kayaking, miniature golf, and unique shopping. There are 27 public, daily-fee golf courses and 15 private courses on Cape Cod.[27] Bed and breakfasts or vacation houses are often used for lodging.
Each summer the Naukabout Music Festival is held at the Barnstable County Fair Grounds located in East Falmouth,(typically) during the first weekend of August. This Music festival features local, regional and national talent along with food, arts and family friendly activities.
[edit] Sport fishing
Cape Cod is known around the world as a spring-to-fall destination for sport anglers. Among the species most widely pursued are striped bass, bluefish, bluefin tuna, false albacore (little tunny), bonito, tautog, flounder and fluke. The Cape Cod Bay side of the Cape, from Sandwich to Provincetown, has several harbors, saltwater creeks, and shoals that hold bait fish and attract the larger game fish, such as striped bass, bluefish and bluefin tuna.
The outer edge of the Cape, from Provincetown to Falmouth, faces the open Atlantic from Provincetown to Chatham, and then the more protected water of Nantucket and Vineyard Sounds, from Chatham to Falmouth. The bays, harbors and shoals along this coastline also provide a robust habitat for game species, and during the late summer months warm-water species such as mahi-mahi and marlin will also appear on the southern edge of Cape Cod's waters. Nearly every harbor on Cape Cod hosts sport fishing charter boats, which run from May through October.[28]
[edit] Sports
The Cape has nine amateur baseball franchises playing within Barnstable County in the Cape Cod Baseball League. The Wareham Gatemen also play in the Cape Cod Baseball League in nearby Wareham, Massachusetts in Plymouth County. The league originated 1923, although intertown competition traces to 1866. Teams in the league are the Bourne Braves, Brewster Whitecaps, Chatham Anglers (formerly the Chatham Athletics), Cotuit Kettleers, Falmouth Commodores, Harwich Mariners, Hyannis Harbor Hawks (formerly the Hyannis Mets), Orleans Firebirds (formerly the Orleans Cardinals), Wareham Gatemen and the Yarmouth-Dennis Red Sox. Pro ball scouts frequent the games in the summer, looking for stars of the future.
Cape Cod is also a national hot bed for baseball and hockey. Along with the Cape Cod Baseball League and the new Junior Hockey League team, the Cape Cod Cubs, many high school players are being seriously recruited as well. Barnstable and Harwich have each sent multiple players to Division 1 colleges for baseball, Harwich has also won three State titles in the past 12 years (1996, 2006, 2007). Bourne and Sandwich, known rivals in hockey have won state championships recently. Bourne in 2004, and Sandwich in 2007. Nauset, Barnstable, and Martha's Vineyard are also state hockey powerhouses. Barnstable and Falmouth also hold the title of having one of the longest Thanksgiving football rivalries in the country. The teams have played each other every year on the Thanksgiving since 1895. The Bourne and Barnstable girl's volleyball teams are two of the best teams in the state and Barnstable in the country. With Bourne winning the State title in 2003 and 2007. In the past 15 years, Barnstable has won 12 Division 1 State titles and has won the state title the past two years.
The Cape also is home to the Cape Cod Frenzy, a team in the American Basketball Association.
Soccer on Cape Cod is represented by the Cape Cod Crusaders, playing in the USL Premier Development League (PDL) soccer based in Hyannis. In addition, a summer Cape Cod Adult Soccer League (CCASL) is active in several towns on the Cape.
Cape Cod is also the home of the Cape Cod Cubs, a new junior league hockey team that is based out of Hyannis at the new communtiy center being built of Bearses Way.
The end of each summer is marked with the running of the world famous Falmouth Road Race which is held on the 3rd Saturday in August. It draws about 10,000 runners to the Cape and showcases the finest runners in the world (mainly for the large purse that the race is able to offer). The race is 7.2 miles (11.6 km) long, which is a non-standard distance. The reason for the unusual distance is that the man who thought the race up (Tommy Leonard) was a bartender who wanted a race along the coast from one bar (The Cap'n Kidd in Woods Hole) to another (The Brothers Four in Falmouth Heights). While the bar in Falmouth Heights is no longer there, the race still starts at the front door of the Cap'n Kidd in Woods Hole and now finishes at the beach in Falmouth Heights. Prior to the Falmouth race is an annual 5-mile (8.0 km) race through Brewster called the Brew Run, held early in August.
[edit] Education
Each town usually consists of a few elementary schools, one or two middle schools and one large public high school that services the entire town. Exceptions to this include Dennis-Yarmouth Regional High School located in Yarmouth which services both the town of Yarmouth as well as Dennis and Nauset Regional High School located in Eastham which services the town of Brewster, Orleans, Eastham, Wellfleet, Truro, and Provincetown (optional). Bourne High School is the public school for students residing in the town of Bourne, which is gathered from villages in Bourne, including Sagamore, Sagamore Beach, and Buzzards Bay. Barnstable High School is the largest high school and is known for its girls' volleyball team which have been state champions a total of 12 times. Barnstable High School also boasts one of the country's best high school drama clubs which were awarded with a contract by Warner Brothers to created a documentary in webisode format based on their production of Wizard of Oz. Sturgis Charter Public School is a public school in Hyannis which was featured in Newsweek's Magazine's "Best High Schools" ranking. It ranked 28th in the country and 1st in the state of Massachusetts in the 2009 edition and ranked 43rd and 55th in the 2008 and 2007 edition, respectively. Sturgis offers the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme in their junior and senior year and is open to students as far as Plymouth. The Cape also contains two vocational high schools. One is the Cape Cod Regional Technical High School in Harwich and the other is Upper Cape Cod Regional Technical High School located in Bourne. Lastly, Mashpee High School is home to the Mashpee Chapter of (SMPTE,) the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers. This chapter is the first and only high school chapter in the world to be a part of this organization and has received much recognition within the Los Angeles broadcasting industry as a result. The officers of this group who have made history are listed below:
* President: Ryan D. Stanley '11
* Vice-President Kenneth J. Peters '13
* Treasurer Eric N. Bergquist '11
* Secretary Andrew L. Medlar '11
In addition to public schools, Cape Cod has a wide range of private schools. The town of Barnstable has Trinity Christian Academy, Cape Cod Academy, St. Francis Xavier Preparatory School, and Pope John Paul II High School. Bourne offers the Waldorf School of Cape Cod, Orleans offers the Lighthouse Charter School for elementary and middle school students, and Falmouth offers Falmouth Academy. Riverview School is located in East Sandwich and is a special co-ed boarding school which services students as old as 22 who have learning disabilities. Another specialized school is the Penikese Island School located on Penikese Island, part of the Elizabeth Islands off southwestern Cape Cod, which services struggling and troubled teenage boys.
Cape Cod also contains two institutions of higher education. One is the Cape Cod Community College located in West Barnstable, Barnstable. The other is Massachusetts Maritime Academy in Buzzards Bay, Bourne. Massachusetts Maritime Academy is the oldest continuously operating maritime college in the United States.
[edit] Islands off Cape Cod
Like Cape Cod itself, the islands south of the Cape have evolved from whaling and trading areas to resort destinations, attracting wealthy families, celebrities, and other tourists. The islands include Nantucket and Martha's Vineyard, as well as Forbes family-owned Naushon Island, which was purchased by John Murray Forbes with profits from opium dealing in the China trade during the Opium War. Naushon is one of the Elizabeth Islands, many of which are privately owned. One of the publicly accessible Elizabeths is the southernmost island in the chain, Cuttyhunk, with a year-round population of 52 people. Several prominent families have established compounds or estates on the larger islands, making these islands some of the wealthiest resorts in the Northeast, yet they retain much of the early merchant trading and whaling culture.
Kern County Championships
Sat 10/27/07 - Hart Park - Bakersfield
Varsity Boys - 2007 Kern County Cross Country Championships
Foothill Schwartz, Chris 15:03 1 1 1
McFarland Cisneros, Alfonso 15:39 2 2 1
McFarland Garcia, Eddie 15:41 3 3 2
East Fuentes, Oscar 15:43 4 4 1
McFarland Gomez, Jesus 15:48 5 5 3
McFarland Perez, Marco 15:52 6 6 4
North Gragg, Cody 15:54 7 1
McFarland Alcala, Gerardo 15:57 8 7 5
Centennial Jones, Brant 15:58 10 8 1
Centennial Ramirez, Arturo 16:03 12 10 2
Highland Moreno, Angel 16:03 11 9 1
Highland VanZandt, Jake 16:05 13 11 2
McFarland Camargo, Marco 16:06 14 12 6
Burroughs Rosales, Caleb 16:07 15 13 1
Wasco Mendoza, Asencion 16:18 16 14 1
Highland Turner, Thomas 16:20 17 15 3
Centennial Diller, James 16:22 18 16 3
Ridgeview Solis, Brian 16:22 19 17 1
BHS Ariey, Andrew 16:23 20 18 1
Garces O'Malley, Conner 16:25 21 19 1
McFarland Gomez, Jose 16:27 22 20 7
Highland Marsh, Jeff 16:28 21 19 4
Stockdale Bernaba, Michael 16:30 24 22 1
Foothill Montes, Jose 16:31 25 23 2
Ridgeview Baker, Bobby 16:32 26 24 2
Burroughs Johnson, Matt 16:35 27 25 2
Foothill Lopez, Jose 16:36 28 26 3
Highland Lewis, Colin 16:36 29 27 5
Shafter Wittenberg, Joshua 16:37 30 28 1
Burroughs Malone, Sean 16:38 31 29 3
Highland Stapley, Austin 16:40 32 30 6
Stockdale Burke, Stephen 16:47 33 31 2
Centennial Gonzalez, Joe 16:51 34 32 4
Burroughs Konosak, John 16:53 35 33 4
West Berreras, Nick 16:53 36 34 1
Centennial Smith, Gehrig 16:59 37 35 5
Burroughs Gamboa, Jorge 17:04 38 36 5
Arvin Orozco, Ben 17:05 39 1
BHS Van Matre, David 17:06 40 37 2
Centennial Whitaker, Chris 17:06 41 38 6
East Herrera, Vincente 17:07 43 40 2
Highland Hughes, Cody 17:07 44 41 7
Shafter Handel, Christopher 17:07 42 39 2
BHS McCarthy, Michael 17:08 45 42 3
Foothill Bautista, Erick 17:09 46 43 4
Wasco Cisneros, Jose 17:10 47 44 2
Foothill Haro, Richard 17:13 48 45 5
Wasco Ayala, Juan 17:13 49 46 3
Burroughs Christman, Keith 17:15 50 47 6
Foothill Veloz, Saul 17:16 51 48 6
Wasco Ramirez, Eduardo 17:16 52 49 4
Tehachapi Colditz, Keenan 17:17 53 50 1
BHS Edgquist, Andrew 17:18 54 51 4
Delano Orozco, Christian 17:19 55 52 1
Stockdale Bernaba, Mario 17:20 56 53 3
Stockdale Bhavin, Joshi 17:22 57 54 4
Garces Guzman, Jesus 17:23 58 55 2
Tehachapi Sanchez, Chris 17:27 59 56 2
Wasco Dejulian, Oswaldo 17:33 60 57 5
North Lopez, Robert 17:35 61 2
Shafter Giles, Comeron 17:36 62 58 3
Tehachapi Moreno, Adam 17:43 63 59 3
West Castillo, Christian 17:44 64 60 2
Centennial Thomas, Zack 17:46 67 63 7
Wasco Sanchez, Eric 17:46 65 61 6
Wasco Dejulian, Joel 17:46 66 62 7
South Romero, Jose 17:47 68 1
Shafter Sanchez, Ramon 17:48 69 64 4
Foothill Pineda, Florencio 17:49 70 65 7
Arvin Prado, Felix 17:52 71 66 2
Golden Valley Gonzalez, Gabriel 17:54 72 67 1
South Ahmed, Hasham 17:54 73 2
Burroughs Wong, Charles 17:57 74 68 7
Golden Valley Madrid, Bernardo 18:02 75 69 2
BCHS McCutcheon, Mark 18:03 76 70 1
East Rosales, Jaime 18:14 77 71 3
BHS Morales, Charlie 18:20 78 72 5
Delano Arreola, Reyes 18:28 79 73 2
Ridgeview Cruz, Josh 18:32 81 75 3
Tehachapi Steinbach, Jared 18:32 80 72 4
BHS Holt, Zach 18:33 82 76 6
Taft Union Lopez, Daniel 18:45 83 77 1
Shafter Picazo, Elias 18:46 84 78 5
Ridgeview Hernandez, Chris 18:52 85 79
Garces Reed, Stephen 18:54 86 80 3
Stockdale Pitcher, Ryan 18:56 87 81 5
Shafter Yanez, Matthey 18:57 88 82 6
Shafter Velasquez, Jakob 18:59 89 83 7
Ridgeview Romero, Tino 19:02 90 84 4
Ridgeview Roman, Fernando 19:04 91 85 5
Garces Vander Poel, John 19:08 92 86 4
West Mercadel, Drew 19:10 93 86 3
East Vargas, Esteban 19:12 94 88 4
West Saenz Omar 19:21 95 89 4
Delano Vieyra, Roberto 19:23 96 90 3
Frontier Ferrano, Angel 19:24 97 91 1
Delano Espinoza, Raul 19:26 98 92 4
Delano Orozco, Carlos 19:29 99 93 5
Taft Union Lopez, Martin 19:30 100 94 2
Ridgeview Magno, Bryan 19:38 101 95 6
West Quinones, Edison 19:41 102 96 5
West Zephan, Daniel 19:49 103 97 6
Tehachapi Phife, Josh 19:53 104 98 5
Kern Valley Byrket, Glenn 19:57 105 1
Arvin Parra, Omar 20:00 106 98 3
BCHS Beard, Thomas 20:01 107 100 2
BCHS Lee, Ryan 20:04 108 101 3
Delano Rosales, Miguel 20:07 109 102 6
Garces Farrer, Ryan 20:11 110 103 5
Frontier Sanchez, Ramon 20:12 111 104 2
Taft Union Lopez, Jesus, 20:17 112 105 3
Garces Graham, Brian 20:21 113 106 6
West Romero, Alex 20:29 114 107 7
Stockdale Carter, Jason 20:35 115 108 6
Frontier Garcia, Jairo 20:37 116 109 3
Taft Union Ramirez, Toni 20:45 117 110 4
Taft Union Gama, Jesse 20:57 118 111 5
Golden Valley G. David 21:02 119 112 3
Frontier Mount, Chris 21:08 120 113 4
BCHS Adre, Austin 21:20 121 114 4
Arvin Rodriguez, Miguel 21:23 122 15 4
Delano Velasquez, Michael 21:34 123 116 7
Golden Valley Sandoval, Eric 21:44 124 117 4
East Torres, Conrad 21:45 125 118 5
Frontier Frame, Ethan 21:56 126 119 5
Golden Valley Smith, Gary 21:57 127 120 5
BCHS Stephens, Aaron 22:37 128 121 5
East Ramirez, Ricardo 22:43 129 122 6
Arvin Tabada, Roger 22:47 130 123 5
North Steele, Scott 22:48 131
Kern Valley Hendricks, Jeremy 24:12:00 132
Varsity Boys
McFarland 1st 23
Highland 2nd 81
Centennial 3rd 101
Burroughs 4th 136
Foothill 5th 138
Wasco 6th 210
Bakersfield 7th 220
Stockdale 8th 241
Shafter 9th 267
Ridgeview 10th 285
Arvin 11th 302
East Bakersfield 12th 321
Tehachapi 13th 335
Garces 14th 343
West 15th 365
Delano 16th 400
Golden Valley 17th 485
Taft 18th 497
BCHS 19th 506
Frontier 20th 536
Shirt:[Mazzaro] Bruce Sweatshirt-Available at Alpha Event June 2022.
Pants:[Mazzaro] Bruce Pants-Available at Alpha Event June 2022.
Body:[BODY] Athletic Meshbody
Head:LeLUTKA Logan Head 3.1
1. Staten Islands’s Verrazano Bridge, 2. Berries And Cherries, 3. Milky Way Beyond Earth’s Horizon, 4. Mountain Waterfall <||/> Mooney Falls at Havasupai., 5. African Blue Basil, 6. Dessert Pear On A Cobalt Blue Glass Plate, 7. In The Style Of Georgia O’Keeffe, 8. Decorations At My Cardiac Surgeon’s Office Today,
9. Cookies, 10. Last Light, 11. My Hazy World At Night, 12. My Surreal Ballerinas, 13. My Colorful World At Night, 14. Point Betsie Lighthouse In Michigan, 15. Miss Cecily At The Boston Ballet, 16. Maple Trees Autumn Color,
17. View From My Hospital Bed, 18. Joseph’s Coat Rose After The Rain, 19. Tucson Summer Monsoon Sunset, 20. My World At Night, 21. Golden Hour Sunset In Tucson, 22. I Miss Ruthie, 23. Having Fun Shooting Tonight’s Moon, 24. Joseph’s Coat Rose At My Front Door (In Explore),
25. The Moon and Venus Yesterday, 26. Saguaro Cactus In Bloom, 27. Rose Bouquet, 28. Pink Begonia Under Lights, 29. Sunset At The Lake, 30. Tonight’s Waxing Gibbous Moon Has 83% Solar Illumination Is In Explore, 31. Waning Crescent Moon - 40% Solar Illuminated, 32. Tonight’s Half Moon,
33. A Walk In The Woods, 34. Sunday Cannas Sky Dawn, 35. Study In Blue, 36. Wired Dawn, 37. Dipped In Wine Coleus, 38. Alien World, 39. Oh My Aching Back‼️, 40. Fruit Drink,
41. The Stages Of Life, 42. Sunlight, Colors, Patterns. and Textures, 43. Pink And White Rose, 44. Happy Landings On The Moon, 45. Joseph's Coat Rose Greets The Evening, 46. East River Bridges, 47. Colors, Light, and Shadows, 48. Sunset,
49. Rose Portraits, 50. Japanese Cherry Blossoms, 51. Happy Raindrops, 52. The American Southwest Stands With Ukraine, 53. The American Southwest Stands With Ukraine, 54. Four Tangerines And A Grapefruit, 55. Sailboats On The Charles, 56. Orchid On The Moon,
57. Red and Gray, 58. Sunday Cannas Sky Dawn, 59. Rain Man, 60. Cityscape Reflection, 61. Hunter’s Waxing Gibbous Moon-97% Illumination, 62. Nested Stars Of David, 63. Tekiah Gehdola With Butterfly, 64. Classic Water Tower Near A Runway,
65. Think Orange Canna!, 66. Appproaching Rainstorm, 67. Last Evening’s Summer Monsoon Full Rainbow, 68. Sunday Beautiful Woman's Portrait and My Selfie, 69. My First Coloring Picture, 70. Petal Paradise, 71. Last Night’s Waxing Crescent Moon Through Smog and Haze, 72. Tonight’s Waxing Gibbous Moon <\|/> In Explore
Created with fd's Flickr Toys
RMC Tokina 135mm 1:2.8 (Minolta MD mount) @ f/5.6
through Quenox Focal Reducer Minolta SR - Fuji X-Mount
on Fujifilm X-E1
Check my album Adapted Manual Lenses for more...
Leica M2
Voigtlander 35mm f/1.4 Nokton II MC
Fomapan 100 in Tetanol Ultrafin (1:20 @ 68 deg for 8 min)
1. The tropical rain forest that leads to Santa's House., 2. ebb and flow, 3. Simplicity, 4. detail, 5. Vision, 6. Blue Torrents, 7. Here yesterday, gone today., 8. Feel the Peace Inside You.,
9. Just add seasoning, 10. Diamonds, Diamonds, Diamonds!, 11. The colors of Autumn......... really!, 12. sylvia's hotel, 13. Focus on Autumn, 14. Bokeh Web of atumn colors, 15. Missing..... Spiderman, if you see him, send him home to his web!, 16. Delish........ ous.,
17. All summer long., 18. Dinner time!, 19. Sky Scraper Art, 20. The Continental Divide, 21. Off to Edmonton... Do I need a Parka???, 22. Crab spider waiting for a snack, 23. Dancing in the wind....., 24. tip toeing through the ferns,
25. Tu Lips are better than one, 26. The waiting game, 27. A hint of lilac!, 28. WaVeS of GrEeN, 29. dance partners, 30. Peace:A state of tranquillity or quiet., 31. Chlorophyll, 32. May Macro Madness,
33. Happy Mothers Day, 34. Fernalicious, 35. Something to make you smile!, 36. things to come II, 37. simply spring ...., 38. Magnolia: The Opeing Act., 39. Fire and Rain, 40. Golden dreams of spring,
41. Peace and quiet, 42. Cherry Bokehliscious, 43. Pitt Meadows BC, 44. Crisis of Credit, Visualized- see the link below., 45. An Eyeful of Spring, 46. Springtime Dreams, 47. today I saw....... spring colored in PINK, 48. purple rain.... in the spring,
49. Spring forth, 50. flickr.com/photos/51211704@N00/3369605650/, 51. a winter dream, 52. dreaming, 53. Spring to life, 54. Introducing Spring!, 55. : ), 56. obstacles,
57. Queen of Peace Monastery, Langley BC, 58. Golden Ears Provincial Park, 59. Visitors Wanted, 60. Had a baddddddd day, week, month or year?, 61. Belated Bokeh Wednesday, 62. All signs point towards .......... spring, yes spring!, 63. Todays 07:45 am sunrise with coffee., 64. storms come, and storm go.,
65. sunrise, 66. spring sunrise, 67. endless limits in 2009, 68. Thru the bedroom window, 69. Berries with frosting, 70. 2008: A simpler Christmas., 71. flowering in November in my garden, 72. Changing colors of Autumn
Created with fd's Flickr Toys
Hickson Compact Group 68 is like a little box of assorted galactic chocolates. There's a lenticular galaxy, an elliptical, a couple of S0's and a pretty barred spiral Seyfert galaxy. My favorite in this field is the "little" spiral galaxy, UGC8841, at the top left.
Captured at SRO, in California 8-24 June, 2015
Objects in image include:
NGC5350, NGC5353, NGC5354, NGC5355, NGC5358, PGC49480/UGC8841
Scope: Ceravolo C300 @ f/9 = 2720mm FL
Mount: AP1100
Camera: FLI PL16803
Filters: Astrodon Gen II
Guiding: Lodestar II / Tak guide scope
Image scale: 0.68 arcsec/pixel
Exposures: 22x600s R, 22x600s G, 18x600s B, 29x600s L (~15 hours)
Processing: PixInsight 1.8
Acquisition credit: John Kasianowicz, Daniele Malleo, Leonardo Orazi, Rob Pfile, Rick Stevenson and Jerry Yesavage.
Processing credit: Rick Stevenson
Diecast. Maisto. 1:24. Pro Rodz Range. The level of Detail is good for a cheaper end model. Seperate coloured Seat Belts/Harness with Buckles! Good dashboard. Ace paint job.
Camera: Canon AE-1 Program
Lens: Canon FD 50mm 1.8
Filter: Hoya Infrared R72
Film: Rollei Infrared 400
D-76 1:1 10 Min. 68 F.
Ilford WT RC
Bleached with:
1 part Stock A (20g Potassium Dichromate, 400ml water)
5 parts Stock B (40ml Muratic Acid containing 34% hydrochloric acid, 400 ml water),
20 parts Water.
Redeveloped in Caffenol-C 90 sec. at 90°F
Slightly bleached again.
Microtek ScanMaker 6100
SEE THE CAMERA AT THE LINK BELOW:
www.flickr.com/photos/vikingphotos/5344848758/in/set-7215...
Hook triplet on vintage floating crane, detail shot, Hamburg Port Museum
Minolta MD Zoom Rokkor 35-70mm 1:3.5 @ f/8
through Novoflex Minolta SR - Fuji X-Mount adapter
on Fujifilm X-E1
Check my album Adapted Manual Lenses for more...
Manufacturer: Dodge, Division of Chrysler Group LLC, Auburn Hills, Michigan, U.S.A.
Type: Challenger V8 Series JH Model JH23 2-door Hardtop Coupé
Production time: September 1972 - September 1974
Production outlet: 29,284
Engine: 5898cc Chrysler LA-series V-8 360
Power: 248 bhp / 4.800 rpm
Torque: 434 Nm / 3.200 rpm
Drivetrain: rear wheels
Speed: 203 km/h
Curb weight: 1610 kg
Wheelbase: 110 inch
Chassis: Chrysler E-platform with self-supporting unibody
Steering: recirculating ball and nut
Gearbox: three-speed manual / all synchronized / floor shift
Clutch: 10.5 inch singel dry plate disc
Carburettor: Carter 4-barrel downdraft / Holley dual downdraft
Fuel tank: 68 liter
Electric system: 12 Volts
Ignition system: electronic
Brakes front: hydraulic powered 10.98 inch discs
Brakes rear: hydraulic powered 10 inch self-adjusting drums
Suspension front: independent upper trapezoidal wishbones (A-arm, control arm) with shock mounted tension strut, Trail Link, sway bar, along lying torsion bar + telescopic shock absorbers
Suspension rear: independent sway bar, semi-elliptic leaf springs + telescopic shock absorbers
Rear axle: live semi-floating type
Differential: hypoid
Wheels: 14 inch
Tires: F70 x 14
Options: Chrysler TorqueFlite three-speed automatic transmission, four-speed manual gearbox, a 318 CID (5210cc) V-8 engine, 360 V-8 Axle Performance Package, power steering, power brakes, power windows, Air Conditioning, rear window defogger, shaker hood scoop (standard on Rallye models), radio, sun-roof, leather seats, two-tone colouring
Special:
- This first generation 2-door Coupé body Pony Car (1969-1974) was designed by Carl Cameron, built on the Chrysler E-platform (like the Plymouth Barracuda) and assembled in Hamtramck (Michigan) and in Los Angeles (California).
- Everything changed at Dodge (and all car manufacturers) when the 1973 oil crisis hit the United States. The government passed legislation (1972) requiring engines to have the ability to run on low lead or no lead gasoline. Government safety and emission regulations, and increasing insurance premiums meant the horsepower rating and size for all manufacturers was on the decline.
- Engine power was now rated in SAE net horsepower, meaning theoretical horsepower with all accessories in place.
- So this 2+2-seater fixed-head Hardtop Coupé was for now the last series Challenger, only available with two detuned V-8 engines.
- Dodge re-used the Challenger name again for its second generation Challenger from 1978 until 1983.
- They were available as this Hardtop Coupé and as 2-door Rallye Hardtop Coupé (replaced the R/T series in 1972) with a faux brake vent on the fenders and a shaker hood scoop (1972-1974: 16,437 units built).
Light house Westerhever Sand
Leuchtturm Westerhever Sand
RMC Tokina 135mm 1:2.8 (Minolta MD mount) @ ~f/5.6
through Novoflex Minolta SR - Fuji X-Mount adapter
on Fujifilm X-E1
Check my album Adapted Manual Lenses for more...
Corvette Sting Ray
Cars & Coffee in Bispingen am 19. August 2018
Note the crazy reflexion of the radio antenna on the left rear fender!
RMC Tokina 24mm 1:2.8 @ ~ f/5.6
through Metabones Speedbooster Ultra MD-X-Mount
on Fujifilm X-E1
Check my album Adapted Manual Lenses for more...