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30.05.2025 | szlak: Rudna Gwizdanów - Koźlice | 3E/1M-202 z próznym składem relacji: Wróblin Głogowski - Lubin KGHM.
Pociąg mija okolice największego w Europie zbiornika odpadów poflotacyjnych "Żelazny Most", istniejący od 1977 roku. Według oficjalnych informacji, publikowanych przez KGHM, w zbiorniku jest składowanych 655 milionów metrów sześciennych odpadów wydobywczych. Pod koniec 2021 roku oddano do użytku „Kwaterę Południową” i obecne możliwości gromadzenia odpadów w OUOW „Żelazny Most” wynoszą około 950 mln. m3.
25.04.2020 | Łąck | 3E/1M-511 z pociągiem towarowy relacji: Płock Trzepowo - Włocławek Brzezie, opuszcza stację Łąck.
Warto wpomnieć o historii lokomotywy, w 1968 roku rozpoczęła swoją karierę na PKP w Karsznicach aż do 1994 roku kiedy została odstawiony, już rok później została przystosowana jako SUG (Stacjonarne Urządzenie Grzewcze), gdzie trafił na stację w Kielcach. Dopiero w 2011 roku maszyna została ponownie wpisana na stan po przeprowadzonej naprawie głównej w ZNTK Oleśnica, nosząc obecne oznaczenie 3E/1M-511. W 2017 roku właściciel DLA (Dolnośląskie Linie Autobusowe) sprzedał pojazd przewoźnikowi Euronaft Trzebinia (obecnie Orlen Kolej), wcześniej dzierżawiona przez PUK Kolprelem.
Sputnik 3E/1M-202 uchwycony niedługo po wyjeździe z okolic p.o. Rudna Miasto w kierunku Lubina, w bliskiej okolicy wykonania zdjęcia znajduje się największy zbiornik odpadów poflotacyjnych ,,Żelazny Most" należący do KGHMu.
February 13, 2017. Ruda Wirek. Poland. The electric locomotive 3E/1M-368 and diesel locomotive SM42-2612 hauling a freight train.
Piszczac, "Sputnik" with a container train has already started its tour from eastern border(Małaszewicze) to western border(Oderbrücke)
3E/1M-201 ze składem kominków relacji Lubin Kopalnia — Wróblin Głogowski jedzie szlakiem Rudna Gwizdanów – Grębocice
18.06.2025 | Krzydłowice
Anticlines and Sinclines, sedimentary rocks showing signs of massive folding and uplifting during an ancient and very turbulent time in the building of the earths crust, at Hartland point in north Devon.
Hartland Point to Hartland Quay
Nearest town: Hartland
OS grid reference: SS 230277 – SS 222247
Status: AONB, SSSI, SAC.
Management: Private landowners
Lying within North Devon Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, this stretch of coastline is one of the most dramatic in the British Isles. Breathtaking coastal scenery and wonderful cliff top walks are all to be found.
Here in the cliffs and foreshore you can view spectacular evidence of geological events which took place over 300 million years ago. The rocks are sandstones and mudstones that were laid down around 320 million years ago in what was then a brackish sea. Of particular interest are the striking patterns that can be seen in the faces of the cliffs. These tell a dramatic story of ancient forces that have helped to shape the Earth as we see it today.
About 300 million years ago, during a period of tectonic plate collision, tremendous pressure was exerted on the rocks of South West England. So powerful were these forces that the rocks were actually compressed like a concertina, producing a range of spectacular folds and faults that are visible today. These can be clearly seen in the cliffs to the north of Hartland Quay and a walk along the cliff top towards Hartland Point provides good views (if the tide is out) of the complex patterns of sandstone ribs produced on the foreshore by the folding.
2. GEOLOGICAL DETAIL
The extensive outcrop of Carboniferous strata across central Devon used to be known as the Culm, a term that is still used today in ‘the Culm grasslands’. The name derives
from the sooty coal that was mined in a few adits near Bideford in the nineteenth century. Consequently the name ‘Culm Measures’ was formerly applied to the sandstone and shale sequence in which it was found, being roughly equivalent to the Coal Measures found in South Wales. Carboniferous strata were deposited between about 360 to 300 million years ago, following on over the older underlying Devonian rocks. In South Wales, the Midlands and Northern England and Scotland, and across Europe, the Carboniferous strata was characterised by the occurrence of large coal deposits of economic importance. Coal Measures were found in the upper parts, with the Millstone Grit and Carboniferous Limestone beneath. However, the coal seams that were the foundation of Britain’s wealth in the nineteenth century were absent from Devon, so the county therefore failed to benefit from the mineral wealth.
In Devon, despite careful searching in the early days, no economic coal was found, because the sediments had been laid down in a sea instead of in tree-choked coal swamps. Here the succession is dominated by marine shales and sandstones, in several formations that are quite similar to each other. Moreover, spectacular folding of the strata can be seen on the west coast and at places inland. Limestone is present in northeast Devon, and sparingly in other parts. Basaltic lavas and layers of volcanic ash are common within the shales, and other igneous rocks, mainly dolerite, are also found.
A large part of central Devon is underlain by Carboniferous strata, predominantly hard grey sandstone layers with grey shale in between, which are intensely folded along
east–west trends. The outcrop, up to about 45km wide, extends eastward from the Atlantic coast in a broad band as far as Exeter and Tiverton, where it disappears
beneath Permian red beds. On the west coast, the cliffs show a spectacular series of folds trending east–west, mainly upright and including some V-shaped and zig-zag
folds, the result of the Variscan earth movements that began in the Devonian and lasted until the Permian.
In Carboniferous times, coals were formed in swamps in South Wales, with massive deltaic sandstones and shales interbedded with the coal seams. But the sandstone and
shales of the Devon area look very different – in the early days of geology, this caused much uncertainty and dispute as to their relative age. Ultimately it was realised that
rivers flowing from the Welsh mountains formed deltas and delta swamps on its southern continental margin. The sea into which they flowed lay where Devon now is,
with fine sediment carried down by the rivers settling on the sea floor as shales. Sand from the deltas periodically swept down to deposit layers up to 1m thick over a wide
area – these sandstones are often termed greywackes. These rapid flows of intermixed sediment and water are called turbidity currents because they were carried in turbid
water. Evidence of the violence of the flow can be seen on the undersides of the sandstone layers as ripples, vortices and grooves caused by the ripping-up of the muddy sea bed as the overlying sand was deposited; and as the sand hardened to rock, these features were preserved as casts.
For more than 100 million years there was a vast process of mountain building over South West England – during the Devonian and Carboniferous periods (about 400 to
300 million years ago) and into the early Permian period. Caused by the collision of moving plates of the Earth’s crust – known as ‘plate tectonics’ or ‘continental drift’ –
deep troughs (or basins) formed below the narrowing sea and received vast volumes of sediments from the erosion of the nearby continents – from land to the north (Wales and
North America) and to the south. The sand and mud sediments became deeply buried and turned into rocks, which were then folded and contorted and thrust up into
mountains by the dynamic collision of the continental plates. This continued for over 100 million years, during which many kilometres thickness of rocks were formed (slates,
mudstones, sandstones, etc). Great reefs of limestones formed along shallow sea ridges and there were also large volcanoes producing volcanic rocks (basalts, tuffs) and
sills of dolerite. Later, molten granitic magmas were created deep beneath the mountains to form the granites of Dartmoor and Cornwall. This long period of earth movements and mountain building is known as the ‘Variscan Orogeny’. It created a range of high mountains across modern South West England (similar to the modern Alps, Atlas and Rockies), extending from eastern Europe to North America. The older Carboniferous strata, transitional from the underlying Devonian, include chert beds, which are flinty deep-sea deposits, interbedded with dark shale. Thin beds of limestone are also present, and the sequence is known as the Meldon Chert Formation at Meldon Quarry, near Okehampton, with shale, quartzite and volcanics. These extend in a curving outcrop around the north margin of the Dartmoor Granite, apparently shouldered aside by the granite as it intruded the surrounding rocks. In north Devon the equivalent sequence is the Codden Hill Chert, which overlies the Pilton Shale which
also is transitional from the Devonian. Limestones at Westleigh and Bampton, in the northeast of the county, also belong to the early Carboniferous and are about the same
age as the famous shallow-water Carboniferous Limestone of Wales, the Mendips and central England, though in Devon the limestones were deposited in deeper water.
Above these basal sequences, alternating beds of sandstone and shale characterise most of the Carboniferous sediment thickness in Devon. It is possible to divide these
into three major formations, named after localities on the west coast but widespread across the county. These are, in ascending order, the Crackington, Bideford and Bude
formations, although there is some overlap between the last two. The Crackington shows abundant evidence of deep-water deposition, with extensive turbidity marks on
the undersides of sandstone beds, but the other two formations show evidence of being deposited in shallower seas or lakes, the Bude Formation in particular showing massive sandstone beds with some slumped sediment that might have been caused by earthquake shocks affecting loose sediment. The presence of ripple marks suggests an intertidal or lacustrine environment, and there are also many arthropod trails, made by primitive lobster-like or crab-like creatures.
Away from the main outcrop in north and central Devon, Carboniferous rocks are also found to the east and west of Dartmoor in what are often referred to as the Southern
Successions. Pebbles of igneous rocks and volcanic ash occur in the lower parts of these successions, indicating a source to the south, and coarser to conglomeratic beds higher up are called the Ugbrooke Sandstone which contains pebbles with Lower Carboniferous fossils – indicating that some tectonic activity was occurring to the south at the time, eroding recently-deposited sediments.
There was a complex history of igneous activity in south Devon, with lava flows and thick accumulations of volcanic ash, together with dykes and sills, notably in the Teign Valley. Thick ash deposits together with dolerite dykes are found at Meldon Quarry, where they are utilised for railway ballast and various grades of aggregate and roadstone. This area was also affected by the Dartmoor Granite, that heated the adjacent rocks as it cooled in the late Carboniferous/early Permian.
Wrocław Żerniki.
3E/1M-202 prowadzi objazdowy pociąg rel. Głogów Wróblin - Lubin KGHM p. Wrocław Gądów, Legnicę.
BMW 1M Fitted with
Akrapovic Exhaust System.
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May 21, 2020. Buk. Poland. The electric locomotive 3E/1M-008 hauling a container train from Małaszewicze Centralne to Oderbrücke.
This is my latest set, it isn't very fresh since I've been working a lot with pics from Frankfurt IAA the last three weeks. Anyhow, this is my friends new car and you'll probably see a lot more shots on it in the future since he usually offers his car when I need to experiment. :)
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3E/1M-067 prowadzi próźny pociąg przewoźnika BSK do Kłodzka Głównego szlakiem Kamieniec Ząbkowicki – Bardo Przyłęk. Na popychu pracuje S200-273.
7.07.2024 | Suszka
NWFB Alexander Dennis Enviro500 MMC 12m (facelift body, 2nd batch)
5839 WB4285 @ 1M
Offside @ Wong Nai Chung Gap Rd, 07 - 05 - 2023
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This is my latest set, it isn't very fresh since I've been working a lot with pics from Frankfurt IAA the last three weeks. Anyhow, this is my friends new car and you'll probably see a lot more shots on it in the future since he usually offers his car when I need to experiment. :)
Let me know what you think if you press fav!
Be sure to like me on facebook to get a more continous update on my work: www.facebook.com/pages/Bilbilderse/142263349196706