Sprouting / Brotando
Cunit, Tarragona (Spain).
ENGLISH
The Pomegranate (Punica granatum) is a fruit-bearing deciduous shrub or small tree growing to 5–8 m tall. The pomegranate is native to the region from Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Iran to the Himalayas in northern India and has been cultivated and naturalized over the whole Mediterranean region and the Caucasus since ancient times. It is widely cultivated throughout Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, India, the drier parts of southeast Asia, Peninsular Malaysia, the East Indies, and tropical Africa. Introduced into Latin America and California by Spanish settlers in 1769, pomegranate is now cultivated mainly in the drier parts of California and Arizona for its fruits exploited commercially as juice products gaining in popularity since 2001. In the global functional food industry, pomegranate is included among a novel category of exotic plant sources called superfruits.
The name "pomegranate" derives from Latin pomum ("apple") and granatus ("seeded"). This has influenced the common name for pomegranate in many languages (e.g. German Granatapfel, seeded apple). The genus name Punica is named for the Phoenicians, who were active in broadening its cultivation, partly for religious reasons. In classical Latin, where "malum" was broadly applied to many apple-like fruits, the pomegranate's name was malum punicum or malum granatum, the latter giving rise to the Italian name melograno, or less commonly melagrana.
A widespread root for "pomegranate" comes from the Ancient Egyptian rmn, from which derive the Hebrew rimmôn, and Arabic rummân. This root was given by Arabs to other languages, including Portuguese (romã), Kabyle rrumman and Maltese "rummien". The pomegranate ('rimmôn') is mentioned in the Bible as one of the seven fruits/plants that Israel was blessed with, and in Hebrew, 'rimmôn' is also the name of the weapon now called the grenade. According to the OED, the word grenade originated about 1532 from the French name for the pomegranate, la grenade. La grenade also gives us the word grenadine, the name of a kind of fruit syrup, originally made from pomegranates, which is widely used as a cordial and in cocktails.
The pomegranate originated from Persia and has been cultivated in Georgia, Armenia and the Mediterranean region for several millennia.
In Georgia, and Armenia to the east of the Black Sea, there are wild pomegranate groves outside of ancient abandoned settlements. The cultivation of the pomegranate has a long history in Armenia, where decayed remains of pomegranates dating back to 1000 BC have been found.
Carbonized exocarp of the fruit has been identified in Early Bronze Age levels of Jericho, as well as Late Bronze Age levels of Hala Sultan Tekke on Cyprus and Tiryns[citation needed]. A large, dry pomegranate was found in the tomb of Djehuty, the butler of Queen Hatshepsut; Mesopotamian cuneiform records mention pomegranates from the mid-Third millennium BC onwards. It is also extensively grown in South China and in Southeast Asia, whether originally spread along the route of the Silk Road or brought by sea traders.
The ancient city of Granada in Spain was renamed after the fruit during the Moorish period. Spanish colonists later introduced the fruit to the Caribbean and Latin America, but in the English colonies it was less at home: "Don't use the pomegranate inhospitably, a stranger that has come so far to pay his respects to thee," the English Quaker Peter Collinson wrote to the botanizing John Bartram in Philadelphia, 1762. "Plant it against the side of thy house, nail it close to the wall. In this manner it thrives wonderfully with us, and flowers beautifully, and bears fruit this hot year. I have twenty-four on one tree... Doctor Fothergill says, of all trees this is most salutiferous to mankind." The pomegranate had been introduced as an exotic to England the previous century, by John Tradescant the elder, but the disappointment that it did not set fruit there led to its repeated introduction to the American colonies, even New England. It succeeded in the South: Bartram received a barrel of pomegranates and oranges from a correspondent in Charleston, South Carolina, 1764. Thomas Jefferson planted pomegranates at Monticello in 1771: he had them from George Wythe of Williamsburg.
More info: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomegranate
-----------------------------
CASTELLANO
El granado (Punica granatum) es un arbusto caducifolio que puede alcanzar de 5 a 8 m de altura. Las hojas son opuestas ó sub-opuestas, brillantes, oblongas estrechas, enteras, de 3 a 7 cm de longitud y 2 cm de anchura. Las flores son de un color rojo brillante, de 3 cm de diámetro, con cinco pétalos (normalmente más en las plantas cultivadas).
Su fruto es una baya globular con una corteza coriácea, el interior esta subdividido en varios lóbulos que contienen numerosas semillas revestidas con una cubierta, llamada sarcotesta, de pulpa roja y jugosa. Se abre espontáneamente al llegar la madurez por fisuras que dejan al descubierto el contenido de cada lóculo; las aves son atraídas por el color vivo de las sarcotestas, y consumen las semillas que así son transportadas con sus heces. Es un caso notable de dispersión endozoócora.
Tiene como área de distribución la misma que la naranja y el olivo, dándose muy bien en zonas semiáridas.
El fruto es originario de una región que abarca desde Irán hasta el norte de los Himalayas en India, y fue cultivado y naturalizado en toda la región del Mediterráneo incluyendo Armenia desde la Antigüedad. Muy apreciada en las zonas desérticas, por estar protegida de la desecación por su piel gruesa y coriácea, lo que permitía que las caravanas la pudieran transportar grandes distancias, sin que le afectara en la conservación de sus cualidades tan apreciadas. Se encuentran sus huellas en todos los documentos antiguos.
Se sabe del cultivo de la granada, desde hace al menos 5000 años en Asia occidental y en el Norte de África; se encontraba en los jardines pensiles de Babilonia y en los bajorrelieves egipcios. Los antiguos egipcios preparaban con su jugo un vino ligero con sabor a frambuesa.
Hipócrates recomendaba el jugo de la granada contra la fiebre y como fortificante contra la enfermedad.
Los romanos conocieron la granada gracias a los fenicios que la trajeron de Fenicia (aproximadamente el actual Líbano) a Roma, de ahí su nombre científico de Punica.
La Biblia hace referencia en numerosas ocasiones a este fruto, y siempre en su defensa.
Son los bereberes quienes traen la fruta a Europa, y la ciudad andaluza de Granada, fundada en el siglo X, recibió su nombre.
Más info: es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granada_(fruto)
Sprouting / Brotando
Cunit, Tarragona (Spain).
ENGLISH
The Pomegranate (Punica granatum) is a fruit-bearing deciduous shrub or small tree growing to 5–8 m tall. The pomegranate is native to the region from Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Iran to the Himalayas in northern India and has been cultivated and naturalized over the whole Mediterranean region and the Caucasus since ancient times. It is widely cultivated throughout Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, India, the drier parts of southeast Asia, Peninsular Malaysia, the East Indies, and tropical Africa. Introduced into Latin America and California by Spanish settlers in 1769, pomegranate is now cultivated mainly in the drier parts of California and Arizona for its fruits exploited commercially as juice products gaining in popularity since 2001. In the global functional food industry, pomegranate is included among a novel category of exotic plant sources called superfruits.
The name "pomegranate" derives from Latin pomum ("apple") and granatus ("seeded"). This has influenced the common name for pomegranate in many languages (e.g. German Granatapfel, seeded apple). The genus name Punica is named for the Phoenicians, who were active in broadening its cultivation, partly for religious reasons. In classical Latin, where "malum" was broadly applied to many apple-like fruits, the pomegranate's name was malum punicum or malum granatum, the latter giving rise to the Italian name melograno, or less commonly melagrana.
A widespread root for "pomegranate" comes from the Ancient Egyptian rmn, from which derive the Hebrew rimmôn, and Arabic rummân. This root was given by Arabs to other languages, including Portuguese (romã), Kabyle rrumman and Maltese "rummien". The pomegranate ('rimmôn') is mentioned in the Bible as one of the seven fruits/plants that Israel was blessed with, and in Hebrew, 'rimmôn' is also the name of the weapon now called the grenade. According to the OED, the word grenade originated about 1532 from the French name for the pomegranate, la grenade. La grenade also gives us the word grenadine, the name of a kind of fruit syrup, originally made from pomegranates, which is widely used as a cordial and in cocktails.
The pomegranate originated from Persia and has been cultivated in Georgia, Armenia and the Mediterranean region for several millennia.
In Georgia, and Armenia to the east of the Black Sea, there are wild pomegranate groves outside of ancient abandoned settlements. The cultivation of the pomegranate has a long history in Armenia, where decayed remains of pomegranates dating back to 1000 BC have been found.
Carbonized exocarp of the fruit has been identified in Early Bronze Age levels of Jericho, as well as Late Bronze Age levels of Hala Sultan Tekke on Cyprus and Tiryns[citation needed]. A large, dry pomegranate was found in the tomb of Djehuty, the butler of Queen Hatshepsut; Mesopotamian cuneiform records mention pomegranates from the mid-Third millennium BC onwards. It is also extensively grown in South China and in Southeast Asia, whether originally spread along the route of the Silk Road or brought by sea traders.
The ancient city of Granada in Spain was renamed after the fruit during the Moorish period. Spanish colonists later introduced the fruit to the Caribbean and Latin America, but in the English colonies it was less at home: "Don't use the pomegranate inhospitably, a stranger that has come so far to pay his respects to thee," the English Quaker Peter Collinson wrote to the botanizing John Bartram in Philadelphia, 1762. "Plant it against the side of thy house, nail it close to the wall. In this manner it thrives wonderfully with us, and flowers beautifully, and bears fruit this hot year. I have twenty-four on one tree... Doctor Fothergill says, of all trees this is most salutiferous to mankind." The pomegranate had been introduced as an exotic to England the previous century, by John Tradescant the elder, but the disappointment that it did not set fruit there led to its repeated introduction to the American colonies, even New England. It succeeded in the South: Bartram received a barrel of pomegranates and oranges from a correspondent in Charleston, South Carolina, 1764. Thomas Jefferson planted pomegranates at Monticello in 1771: he had them from George Wythe of Williamsburg.
More info: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomegranate
-----------------------------
CASTELLANO
El granado (Punica granatum) es un arbusto caducifolio que puede alcanzar de 5 a 8 m de altura. Las hojas son opuestas ó sub-opuestas, brillantes, oblongas estrechas, enteras, de 3 a 7 cm de longitud y 2 cm de anchura. Las flores son de un color rojo brillante, de 3 cm de diámetro, con cinco pétalos (normalmente más en las plantas cultivadas).
Su fruto es una baya globular con una corteza coriácea, el interior esta subdividido en varios lóbulos que contienen numerosas semillas revestidas con una cubierta, llamada sarcotesta, de pulpa roja y jugosa. Se abre espontáneamente al llegar la madurez por fisuras que dejan al descubierto el contenido de cada lóculo; las aves son atraídas por el color vivo de las sarcotestas, y consumen las semillas que así son transportadas con sus heces. Es un caso notable de dispersión endozoócora.
Tiene como área de distribución la misma que la naranja y el olivo, dándose muy bien en zonas semiáridas.
El fruto es originario de una región que abarca desde Irán hasta el norte de los Himalayas en India, y fue cultivado y naturalizado en toda la región del Mediterráneo incluyendo Armenia desde la Antigüedad. Muy apreciada en las zonas desérticas, por estar protegida de la desecación por su piel gruesa y coriácea, lo que permitía que las caravanas la pudieran transportar grandes distancias, sin que le afectara en la conservación de sus cualidades tan apreciadas. Se encuentran sus huellas en todos los documentos antiguos.
Se sabe del cultivo de la granada, desde hace al menos 5000 años en Asia occidental y en el Norte de África; se encontraba en los jardines pensiles de Babilonia y en los bajorrelieves egipcios. Los antiguos egipcios preparaban con su jugo un vino ligero con sabor a frambuesa.
Hipócrates recomendaba el jugo de la granada contra la fiebre y como fortificante contra la enfermedad.
Los romanos conocieron la granada gracias a los fenicios que la trajeron de Fenicia (aproximadamente el actual Líbano) a Roma, de ahí su nombre científico de Punica.
La Biblia hace referencia en numerosas ocasiones a este fruto, y siempre en su defensa.
Son los bereberes quienes traen la fruta a Europa, y la ciudad andaluza de Granada, fundada en el siglo X, recibió su nombre.
Más info: es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granada_(fruto)