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Hijra of Panscheel Park, New Delhi, India, 1994.
"Most hijras live at the margins of society with very low status; the very word "hijra" is sometimes used in a derogatory manner. Few employment opportunities are available to hijras. Many get their income from performing at ceremonies, begging, or prostitution — an occupation of eunuchs also recorded in premodern times. Violence against hijras, especially hijra sex workers, is often brutal, and occurs in public spaces, police stations, prisons, and their homes. As with transgender people in most of the world, they face extreme discrimination in health, housing, education, employment, immigration, law, and any bureaucracy that is unable to place them into male or female gender categories. One hijra reports waiting in the emergency room of a hospital for hours while medical staff debated whether to admit her to the men's or women's ward." Wikipedia. PS: On April 15, 2014, the Indian Supreme Court granted hijras or transgenders the "third gender" status as "Other Backward Class", that is, be treated as socially and economically backward under the Indian Constitution. From now on, hijras or transgenders will be included in policies that allocate quotas in jobs and education. The ruling by Justice KS Radhakrishnan and Justice AK Sikri can be accessed at: supremecourtofindia.nic.in/outtoday/wc40012.pdf
Hijra of Panscheel Park, New Delhi, India, 1994.
"Most hijras live at the margins of society with very low status; the very word "hijra" is sometimes used in a derogatory manner. Few employment opportunities are available to hijras. Many get their income from performing at ceremonies, begging, or prostitution — an occupation of eunuchs also recorded in premodern times. Violence against hijras, especially hijra sex workers, is often brutal, and occurs in public spaces, police stations, prisons, and their homes. As with transgender people in most of the world, they face extreme discrimination in health, housing, education, employment, immigration, law, and any bureaucracy that is unable to place them into male or female gender categories. One hijra reports waiting in the emergency room of a hospital for hours while medical staff debated whether to admit her to the men's or women's ward." Wikipedia. PS: On April 15, 2014, the Indian Supreme Court granted hijras or transgenders the "third gender" status as "Other Backward Class", that is, be treated as socially and economically backward under the Indian Constitution. From now on, hijras or transgenders will be included in policies that allocate quotas in jobs and education. The ruling by Justice KS Radhakrishnan and Justice AK Sikri can be accessed at: supremecourtofindia.nic.in/outtoday/wc40012.pdf