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Two arapaima scales

A close-up of two Arapaima scales, overlapping as they would in nature. The scales overlap like shingles on the fish, and each scale has a “very hefty mineralized layer on top of it,” Prof. Marc Meyers said. Underneath, each scale is composed of much softer collagen fibers stacked in alternating directions like a pile of plywood.

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Uploaded on February 8, 2012
Taken on January 1, 2000