Phytophthora - Cacao - Keaau, HI

Cocoa has been described as a "virtuous crop". There is an increasing appreciation of its value for: land rehabilitation, enrichment of biodiversity (of previously cleared land) and provision of sustainable incomes in less developed regions. Like other crops though, it can be attacked by a number of pest species including fungal diseases, insects and rodents - some of which (e.g. frosty pod rot and cocoa pod borer) have increased dramatically in geographical range and are sometimes described as "invasive species".

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