XE3A5408 - Corral del Carbón - Coal Corral (Granada)
El Corral del Carbón es un edificio del siglo XIV situado en la ciudad española de Granada, en la comunidad autónoma de Andalucía. Es la única alhóndiga nazarí conservada en su integridad en la península ibérica.
Fue construido durante el reinado nazarí, con anterioridad a 1336, y su nombre original era Al-Funduq al-Gidida, o Alhóndiga Nueva. Situada al sur de la ciudad musulmana, junto al mercado de la seda o Alcaicería, al zoco de la Medina, y a la Mezquita Mayor, servía de posada para los comerciantes en tránsito, de almacén y de mercado al por mayor. Un pequeño puente que se llamó al-qantara al-yadída (puente nuevo) hasta 1501, y más tarde puente del carbón o puente del Álamo o puente de los Curtidores (qantarat al-Dabbayin), situado sobre el río Darro comunicaba la Alhóndiga con el zoco. En líneas generales, como describe Leopoldo Torres Balbás, este edificio responde a un modelo oriental, pero la decoración y los detalles son netamente granadinos. Su ascendencia puede seguirse desde las ágoras griegas, a través luego de los horreas romanos, hasta los tiempos islámicos. La portada monumental procede del iwan oriental, cuyos orígenes han sido muy discutidos, y que se encuentra ya en los palacios sasánidas. La transmisión a Occidente se haría por intermedio del Egipto, en donde el pórtico de entrada abierto por un gran arco, abovedado con mocárabes, y en cuyo fondo está la puerta adintelada de acceso al edificio, y una ventana gemela encima, es disposición arquitectónica muy difundida. Se encuentra por ejemplo en el Cairo, en la mezquita al-Zahir de Baybars I (665-1309) o en Granada con la puerta de la Justicia en la Alhambra (749-1348).
En 1494 los Reyes Católicos lo concedieron a Sancho de Arana. A su muerte (1531) salió a subasta, usándose como hospedaje de carboneros, más tarde como corral de comedias (hasta 1593) y luego, casa de vecinos. Fue declarado Monumento Histórico-Artístico Nacional en 1918, pero estuvo amenazado de derribo hasta que fue adquirido por el Estado en 1933, que encargó su restauración a Leopoldo Torres Balbás. En 1992 volvió a ser restaurado por el arquitecto Rafael Soler Márquez, aunque se mantuvieron algunos desperfectos que no fueron corregidos hasta otra restauración.
La portada, ricamente decorada con yeserías, está presidida por un gran arco tumido (de dos centros y algo apuntalado) provisto de alfiz. Sobre su moldura horizontal hay una decoración epigráfica en cúfico. A eje, sobre él, se sitúa un vano geminado. Está rematado por un alero de amplio voladizo sostenido por canes de madera, en la tradición nazarí (Cuarto Dorado de la Alhambra).
Tras el zaguán, cubierto con una bóveda de mocárabes que conserva algún resto de policromía, se accede al patio. Éste, de planta cuadrangular, es funcional y sin excesos decorativos. En su centro se sitúa una pila de piedra provista de dos caños.
La estructura de los tres pisos provistos de galerías que se abren al patio está formada por pilares de piedra y vigas y zapatas (estas últimas labradas) de madera. La fábrica de los petos es de ladrillo visto. El interior de las salas está muy transformado para albergar comercios y oficinas.
Actualmente alberga las oficinas y el personal de administración de la Orquesta Ciudad de Granada, y es la sede del Festival Internacional de Música y Danza de Granada. También es ocasional escenario, en el patio, de representaciones teatrales, conciertos de flamenco y conferencias.
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corral_del_Carb%C3%B3n
The Corral del Carbón, originally al-Funduq al-Jadida, is a 14th-century historic building in the Spanish city of Granada (Andalusia). It is the only Nasrid alhóndiga or funduq (a commercial warehouse or inn) preserved in the Iberian peninsula. The building is located south of the Albaicin quarter, near the present-day Cathedral (formerly the city's Great Mosque).
The building dates from the Nasrid period but the exact date of its construction is not known. It is believed to be from the early 14th century, before 1336 (when it is mentioned in some historical documents).[2] Its original name was al-Funduq al-Jadida or "the New Inn/Warehouse". Like other urban caravanserais
(known as funduqs in al-Andalus and Morocco) at that time, it was a commercial and trading center serving as a warehouse for grain and as an inn and storage facility for merchants from outside the city. The existence of caravanserais can be traced in part from the Greek pandocheion structures (from which the word funduq derives), through the later Roman horreum until Islamic times. While most funduqs in al-Andalus were modest buildings which have since disappeared, the Funduq al-Jadida reportedly belonged to the wives of the Nasrid sultans and thus had a more monumental appearance.
It was located next to the city's central bazaar, the qaysariyya (known today as the Alcaicería), which in turn was located next to the city's Great Mosque (its main Friday mosque), occupied today by the Cathedral. A small bridge, called al-qantarat al-jadida ("new bridge") until 1501 and later Puente del carbón or Puente del Álamo or Puente de los Curtidores (Qantarat al-Dabbayin), was located on the Darro River and linked the building with the bazaar.
In 1494, after the fall of Granada to Christian Spain, the Catholic Monarchs granted it to their lieutenant, Juan de Arana or Sancho Arana. Upon his death in 1531 the building was sold by public auction and became a theatrical courtyard (a corral de comedias) until at least 1593. During this period the interior of the building was modified in order to accommodate theater audiences. It was then used in the 17th century as a tenement or residential complex while the ground floor was used as a place to weigh and store coal, which gave the building its present name Corral del Carbón ("Courtyard of Coal").
In 1887 the Commission of Historical and Artistic Monuments of the province of Granada requested to purchase the building from its private owners. In 1918 it was declared a National Monument but was threatened by a state of disrepair. Finally, in 1928, Leopoldo Torres Balbás, the curator and chief architect of the Alhambra, arranged for the property to be purchased by the government with the help of revenues from Alhambra ticket sales to the Alhambra. The deed of purchase was signed on October 24 of that year, and the many families residing in the building were subsequently evicted. Torres Balbas was charged with restoring and repairing the building, a process which took place in two phases from 1929 to 1931. This restoration also removed many modern or more recent additions to the building, as well as replacing the roofs and floors.
The building's original medieval interior has not been preserved intact, but its general layout has remained the same. It features a simple floor plan with a nearly square central courtyard (measuring 16.8 by 15.6 meters surrounded by a three-story gallery, similar to funduqs in Morocco such as those of Fez. A stone basin and former fountain stands at the center of the courtyard.
Its most notable feature is the monumental projecting entrance gateway, with the doors situated within a large iwan. The building's architectural form can thus be traced to Middle Eastern architectural models like those of Egypt and further east, where similar monumental entrances were more common. A similar form is also found in the Gate of Justice (Puerta de la Justicia) at the Alhambra. The ornamentation of the facade, however, is more strictly Nasrid or Moorish. The alfiz (square frame) has featuring multilobed and interlacing arch motifs around the archway and carved arabesques filling the spandrels, as well as mocárabes (muqarnas) sculpting in the vault of the iwan above the doorway. Above the alfiz frame is a horizontal band with an Arabic Kufic inscription of Surah 112 of the Qur'an, and above this is a double-arched window. On either side of the window are panels of decorative plaster carved with sebka and arabesque patterns. The projecting entrance is topped by a typical wooden eaves supported by corbels, as was typical of Andalusi and Moroccan architecture.
Today the building is a tourist attraction and historic site in the city. It also houses the offices of the City of Granada Orchestra, and the International Festival of Music and Dance of Granada, and is occasionally used for various cultural performances.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corral_del_Carb%C3%B3n
XE3A5408 - Corral del Carbón - Coal Corral (Granada)
El Corral del Carbón es un edificio del siglo XIV situado en la ciudad española de Granada, en la comunidad autónoma de Andalucía. Es la única alhóndiga nazarí conservada en su integridad en la península ibérica.
Fue construido durante el reinado nazarí, con anterioridad a 1336, y su nombre original era Al-Funduq al-Gidida, o Alhóndiga Nueva. Situada al sur de la ciudad musulmana, junto al mercado de la seda o Alcaicería, al zoco de la Medina, y a la Mezquita Mayor, servía de posada para los comerciantes en tránsito, de almacén y de mercado al por mayor. Un pequeño puente que se llamó al-qantara al-yadída (puente nuevo) hasta 1501, y más tarde puente del carbón o puente del Álamo o puente de los Curtidores (qantarat al-Dabbayin), situado sobre el río Darro comunicaba la Alhóndiga con el zoco. En líneas generales, como describe Leopoldo Torres Balbás, este edificio responde a un modelo oriental, pero la decoración y los detalles son netamente granadinos. Su ascendencia puede seguirse desde las ágoras griegas, a través luego de los horreas romanos, hasta los tiempos islámicos. La portada monumental procede del iwan oriental, cuyos orígenes han sido muy discutidos, y que se encuentra ya en los palacios sasánidas. La transmisión a Occidente se haría por intermedio del Egipto, en donde el pórtico de entrada abierto por un gran arco, abovedado con mocárabes, y en cuyo fondo está la puerta adintelada de acceso al edificio, y una ventana gemela encima, es disposición arquitectónica muy difundida. Se encuentra por ejemplo en el Cairo, en la mezquita al-Zahir de Baybars I (665-1309) o en Granada con la puerta de la Justicia en la Alhambra (749-1348).
En 1494 los Reyes Católicos lo concedieron a Sancho de Arana. A su muerte (1531) salió a subasta, usándose como hospedaje de carboneros, más tarde como corral de comedias (hasta 1593) y luego, casa de vecinos. Fue declarado Monumento Histórico-Artístico Nacional en 1918, pero estuvo amenazado de derribo hasta que fue adquirido por el Estado en 1933, que encargó su restauración a Leopoldo Torres Balbás. En 1992 volvió a ser restaurado por el arquitecto Rafael Soler Márquez, aunque se mantuvieron algunos desperfectos que no fueron corregidos hasta otra restauración.
La portada, ricamente decorada con yeserías, está presidida por un gran arco tumido (de dos centros y algo apuntalado) provisto de alfiz. Sobre su moldura horizontal hay una decoración epigráfica en cúfico. A eje, sobre él, se sitúa un vano geminado. Está rematado por un alero de amplio voladizo sostenido por canes de madera, en la tradición nazarí (Cuarto Dorado de la Alhambra).
Tras el zaguán, cubierto con una bóveda de mocárabes que conserva algún resto de policromía, se accede al patio. Éste, de planta cuadrangular, es funcional y sin excesos decorativos. En su centro se sitúa una pila de piedra provista de dos caños.
La estructura de los tres pisos provistos de galerías que se abren al patio está formada por pilares de piedra y vigas y zapatas (estas últimas labradas) de madera. La fábrica de los petos es de ladrillo visto. El interior de las salas está muy transformado para albergar comercios y oficinas.
Actualmente alberga las oficinas y el personal de administración de la Orquesta Ciudad de Granada, y es la sede del Festival Internacional de Música y Danza de Granada. También es ocasional escenario, en el patio, de representaciones teatrales, conciertos de flamenco y conferencias.
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corral_del_Carb%C3%B3n
The Corral del Carbón, originally al-Funduq al-Jadida, is a 14th-century historic building in the Spanish city of Granada (Andalusia). It is the only Nasrid alhóndiga or funduq (a commercial warehouse or inn) preserved in the Iberian peninsula. The building is located south of the Albaicin quarter, near the present-day Cathedral (formerly the city's Great Mosque).
The building dates from the Nasrid period but the exact date of its construction is not known. It is believed to be from the early 14th century, before 1336 (when it is mentioned in some historical documents).[2] Its original name was al-Funduq al-Jadida or "the New Inn/Warehouse". Like other urban caravanserais
(known as funduqs in al-Andalus and Morocco) at that time, it was a commercial and trading center serving as a warehouse for grain and as an inn and storage facility for merchants from outside the city. The existence of caravanserais can be traced in part from the Greek pandocheion structures (from which the word funduq derives), through the later Roman horreum until Islamic times. While most funduqs in al-Andalus were modest buildings which have since disappeared, the Funduq al-Jadida reportedly belonged to the wives of the Nasrid sultans and thus had a more monumental appearance.
It was located next to the city's central bazaar, the qaysariyya (known today as the Alcaicería), which in turn was located next to the city's Great Mosque (its main Friday mosque), occupied today by the Cathedral. A small bridge, called al-qantarat al-jadida ("new bridge") until 1501 and later Puente del carbón or Puente del Álamo or Puente de los Curtidores (Qantarat al-Dabbayin), was located on the Darro River and linked the building with the bazaar.
In 1494, after the fall of Granada to Christian Spain, the Catholic Monarchs granted it to their lieutenant, Juan de Arana or Sancho Arana. Upon his death in 1531 the building was sold by public auction and became a theatrical courtyard (a corral de comedias) until at least 1593. During this period the interior of the building was modified in order to accommodate theater audiences. It was then used in the 17th century as a tenement or residential complex while the ground floor was used as a place to weigh and store coal, which gave the building its present name Corral del Carbón ("Courtyard of Coal").
In 1887 the Commission of Historical and Artistic Monuments of the province of Granada requested to purchase the building from its private owners. In 1918 it was declared a National Monument but was threatened by a state of disrepair. Finally, in 1928, Leopoldo Torres Balbás, the curator and chief architect of the Alhambra, arranged for the property to be purchased by the government with the help of revenues from Alhambra ticket sales to the Alhambra. The deed of purchase was signed on October 24 of that year, and the many families residing in the building were subsequently evicted. Torres Balbas was charged with restoring and repairing the building, a process which took place in two phases from 1929 to 1931. This restoration also removed many modern or more recent additions to the building, as well as replacing the roofs and floors.
The building's original medieval interior has not been preserved intact, but its general layout has remained the same. It features a simple floor plan with a nearly square central courtyard (measuring 16.8 by 15.6 meters surrounded by a three-story gallery, similar to funduqs in Morocco such as those of Fez. A stone basin and former fountain stands at the center of the courtyard.
Its most notable feature is the monumental projecting entrance gateway, with the doors situated within a large iwan. The building's architectural form can thus be traced to Middle Eastern architectural models like those of Egypt and further east, where similar monumental entrances were more common. A similar form is also found in the Gate of Justice (Puerta de la Justicia) at the Alhambra. The ornamentation of the facade, however, is more strictly Nasrid or Moorish. The alfiz (square frame) has featuring multilobed and interlacing arch motifs around the archway and carved arabesques filling the spandrels, as well as mocárabes (muqarnas) sculpting in the vault of the iwan above the doorway. Above the alfiz frame is a horizontal band with an Arabic Kufic inscription of Surah 112 of the Qur'an, and above this is a double-arched window. On either side of the window are panels of decorative plaster carved with sebka and arabesque patterns. The projecting entrance is topped by a typical wooden eaves supported by corbels, as was typical of Andalusi and Moroccan architecture.
Today the building is a tourist attraction and historic site in the city. It also houses the offices of the City of Granada Orchestra, and the International Festival of Music and Dance of Granada, and is occasionally used for various cultural performances.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corral_del_Carb%C3%B3n