Relief

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A relief is a sculptured artwork where a modeled form is raised (or alternatively lowered) from a flattened background without being disconnected from it. Reliefs are common throughout the world, for example on monumental buildings. The frieze in the classical Corinthian order is often enriched with bas-relief (low relief). Alto-relievo (high-relief) may been seen in the pediments of classical temples, e.g., the Parthenon. Occasionally, several reliefs together represent a sequence of events.

 

Types of relief

 

Liegende Hetäre. around 2nd century, Head is missing

 

* Bas-relief = ('bah relief") is where the overall depth of a projecting image is shallow. The background is compressed to such an extent it may be flat, as on coins.

* Alto-relievo Alto-relief is where the image is highly undercut and rendered almost in the round against the background. Images are usually near natural depth. The background is detailed and deeper.

* Sunken-relief, also known as intaglio or hollow-relief, is where the "background" is flat, but is nearest the viewer, while the image is deeper, carved into the flat surface.

 

Famous reliefs

 

Famous examples of reliefs include:

 

* Mount Rushmore National Memorial, Keystone, South Dakota

* Great Altar of Pergamon, now at the Pergamon Museum, Berlin

* Lions and dragons from the Ishtar Gate,Babylon

* Temple of Karnak in Egypt

* Angkor Wat in Cambodia

* The images of the elephant, horse, bull and lion at the bottom of the Lion Capital of Asoka, the national symbol of India (the Capital itself is a full sculpture

* glyphs and artwork of the Maya civilization

* The monument to the Confederacy at Stone Mountain, Georgia

* Borobudur temple, Java Island Java, Indonesia

* The Elgin Marbles from the Parthenon now housed at the British Museum.

* The representation of Monticello on a US Nickel (U.S. coin)|nickel.

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