pio11_v_bw_o_n (ca. 1973, verso hand-annotated 525-e-4)
Based solely on the similar 'look’ of Figure 6-22 at the following link, along with its associated text, which might even refer to this photo, this might be an image of Jupiter taken by Pioneer 11’s infrared radiometer. Or maybe it’s just a negative photo, intentional or otherwise. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
~8” x 10.5”. From the estate of Eric Burgess.
The aforementioned text:
“In spite of the loss of some of the data covering the northern hemisphere of Jupiter when radiation affected the instrument, the infrared radiometer carried by Pioneer 11 provided two infrared spinscan images of the planet. A complete image was centered at 41° S and a partial image was centered at 52° N latitude on Jupiter. The ratio of total thermal energy to absorbed solar energy was revised to 1.9 ± 0.2 compared with previous estimates of 2.5 ± 0.5. The fact that both Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 data yield this result adds confidence in the new value.
Thus, Jupiter does not appear to be emitting as much internal heat as was once thought; about 24 percent less than had been assumed from Earth-based observations.
Jupiter's ionosphere rises 4000 km (2500 mi.) above the visible surface. It is ten times as thick and five times as hot as was predicted. Also, the ionosphere has at least five sharply defined layers of different density, similar to Earth's ionospheric layers that permit long range radio communication around Earth by returning certain radio waves to the ground.
The determination that Jupiter has a warm, extended, hydrogen rich atmosphere has important implications for further exploration of the giant planet.
Prior to measurements by the two Pioneers, it was generally considered that the heating of an entry probe into Jupiter's atmosphere would be greater than could be overcome by present-day technology. Now the new determinations of the Jovian atmosphere suggest that a probe can be made to survive entry into the Jovian atmosphere and measure directly its characteristics and constituents.
Enough has been confirmed or found out about Jupiter by the Pioneers to encourage further exploration. These two spacecraft have also demonstrated that such exploration is quite within the capabilities of present space technology which offers the opportunity now to sample directly what may be primordial material of the Solar System; thus, dipping back four and a half billion years in time.”
At:
history.nasa.gov/SP-349/ch6.htm
Specifically, Figure 6-22:
history.nasa.gov/SP-349/p121b.jpg
The truth may lie herein:
authors.library.caltech.edu/35833/
Credit: CaltechAUTHORS website
pio11_v_bw_o_n (ca. 1973, verso hand-annotated 525-e-4)
Based solely on the similar 'look’ of Figure 6-22 at the following link, along with its associated text, which might even refer to this photo, this might be an image of Jupiter taken by Pioneer 11’s infrared radiometer. Or maybe it’s just a negative photo, intentional or otherwise. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
~8” x 10.5”. From the estate of Eric Burgess.
The aforementioned text:
“In spite of the loss of some of the data covering the northern hemisphere of Jupiter when radiation affected the instrument, the infrared radiometer carried by Pioneer 11 provided two infrared spinscan images of the planet. A complete image was centered at 41° S and a partial image was centered at 52° N latitude on Jupiter. The ratio of total thermal energy to absorbed solar energy was revised to 1.9 ± 0.2 compared with previous estimates of 2.5 ± 0.5. The fact that both Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 data yield this result adds confidence in the new value.
Thus, Jupiter does not appear to be emitting as much internal heat as was once thought; about 24 percent less than had been assumed from Earth-based observations.
Jupiter's ionosphere rises 4000 km (2500 mi.) above the visible surface. It is ten times as thick and five times as hot as was predicted. Also, the ionosphere has at least five sharply defined layers of different density, similar to Earth's ionospheric layers that permit long range radio communication around Earth by returning certain radio waves to the ground.
The determination that Jupiter has a warm, extended, hydrogen rich atmosphere has important implications for further exploration of the giant planet.
Prior to measurements by the two Pioneers, it was generally considered that the heating of an entry probe into Jupiter's atmosphere would be greater than could be overcome by present-day technology. Now the new determinations of the Jovian atmosphere suggest that a probe can be made to survive entry into the Jovian atmosphere and measure directly its characteristics and constituents.
Enough has been confirmed or found out about Jupiter by the Pioneers to encourage further exploration. These two spacecraft have also demonstrated that such exploration is quite within the capabilities of present space technology which offers the opportunity now to sample directly what may be primordial material of the Solar System; thus, dipping back four and a half billion years in time.”
At:
history.nasa.gov/SP-349/ch6.htm
Specifically, Figure 6-22:
history.nasa.gov/SP-349/p121b.jpg
The truth may lie herein:
authors.library.caltech.edu/35833/
Credit: CaltechAUTHORS website