![Songe d'une nuit d'été.....A Midsummer Night's Dream......夏の夜の夢....رؤیای شب نیمه تابستان ."الحب لا تبدو مع العيون، ولكن مع الخيال [...] الحب في خياله لم يذق الحكم. [...] ويقولون أن الحب هو طفل لأنه في كثير من الأحيان خدع في اختياره. اقل الضحك مؤذ أن كس | by bernawy hugues kossi huo](http://live.staticflickr.com/5541/12572011525_e258dee55f.jpg)
Songe d'une nuit d'été.....A Midsummer Night's Dream......夏の夜の夢....رؤیای شب نیمه تابستان ."الحب لا تبدو مع العيون، ولكن مع الخيال [...] الحب في خياله لم يذق الحكم. [...] ويقولون أن الحب هو طفل لأنه في كثير من الأحيان خدع في اختياره. اقل الضحك مؤذ أن كس
A Midsummer Night's Dream is a comedy play by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1590 and 1596. It portrays the events surrounding the marriage of the Duke of Athens, Theseus, and Hippolyta. These include the adventures of four young Athenian lovers and a group of six amateur actors, who are controlled and manipulated by the fairies who inhabit the forest in which most of the play is set. The play is one of Shakespeare's most popular works for the stage and is widely performed across the world.
" Love does not see with eyes, but with the imagination [] love in its imagination has no taste of the judgment(sentence). [] and we say that love is a child because it is so often deceived in its choice. As the roguish youngs which by laughing break their word, the child Love is faithless everywhere. "WS
Hermia and Helena by Washington Allston, 1818
The play features three interconnecting plots, connected by a celebration of the wedding of Theseus of Athens and the Amazon queen, Hippolyta, which is set simultaneously in the woodland and in the realm of Fairyland, under the light of the moon.
In the opening scene, Hermia refuses to follow her father Egeus' instructions to marry Demetrius, whom he has chosen for her, because she wishes to marry another man named Lysander. In response, Egeus invokes before Theseus an ancient Athenian law whereby a daughter must marry the suitor chosen by her father, or else face death. Theseus offers her another choice: lifelong chastity while worshipping the goddess Diana as a nun.
At that same time, Peter Quince and his fellow players gather to produce a stage play, "the most lamentable comedy and most cruel death of Pyramus and Thisbe", for the Duke and the Duchess. Quince reads the names of characters and bestows them to the players. Nick Bottom, who is playing the main role of Pyramus, is over-enthusiastic and wants to dominate others by suggesting himself for the characters of Thisbe, the Lion, and Pyramus at the same time. He would also rather be a tyrant and recites some lines of Ercles. Quince ends the meeting with "at the Duke's oak we meet".
Meanwhile, Oberon, king of the fairies, and his queen, Titania, have come to the forest outside Athens. Titania tells Oberon that she plans to stay there until she has attended Theseus and Hippolyta's wedding. Oberon and Titania are estranged because Titania refuses to give her Indian changeling to Oberon for use as his "knight" or "henchman," since the child's mother was one of Titania's worshippers. Oberon seeks to punish Titania's disobedience, so he calls for his mischievous court jester Puck or "Robin Goodfellow" to help him concoct a magical juice derived from a flower called "love-in-idleness", which turns from white to purple when struck by Cupid's arrow. When the concoction is applied to the eyelids of a sleeping person, that person, upon waking, falls in love with the first living thing they perceive. He instructs Puck to retrieve the flower with the hope that he might make Titania fall in love with an animal of the forest and thereby shame her into giving up the little Indian boy. He says, "And ere I take this charm from off her sight, / As I can take it with another herb, / I'll make her render up her page to me."
Hermia and Lysander have escaped to the same forest in hopes of eloping. Helena, desperate to reclaim Demetrius's love, tells Demetrius about the plan and he follows them in hopes of killing Lysander. Helena continually makes advances towards Demetrius, promising to love him more than Hermia. However, he rebuffs her with cruel insults against her. Observing this, Oberon orders Puck to spread some of the magical juice from the flower on the eyelids of the young Athenian man. Instead, Puck mistakes Lysander for Demetrius, not having actually seen either before, and administers the juice to the sleeping Lysander. Helena, coming across him, wakes him while attempting to determine whether he is dead or asleep. Upon this happening, Lysander immediately falls in love with Helena. Oberon sees Demetrius still following Hermia and is enraged. When Demetrius decides to go to sleep, Oberon sends Puck to get Helena while he charms Demetrius' eyes. Upon waking up, he sees Helena. Now, both men are in pursuit of Helena. However, she is convinced that her two suitors are mocking her, as neither loved her originally. Hermia is at a loss to see why her lover has abandoned her, and accuses Helena of stealing Lysander away from her. The four quarrel with each other until Lysander and Demetrius become so enraged that they seek a place to duel each other to prove whose love for Helena is the greatest. Oberon orders Puck to keep Lysander and Demetrius from catching up with one another and to remove the charm from Lysander. Lysander returns to loving Hermia, while Demetrius continues to love Helena.
The Quarrel of Oberon and Titania by Joseph Noel Paton
Meanwhile, Quince and his band of six labourers ("rude mechanicals", as they are described by Puck) have arranged to perform their play about Pyramus and Thisbe for Theseus' wedding and venture into the forest, near Titania's bower, for their rehearsal. Bottom is spotted by Puck, who (taking his name to be another word for a jackass) transforms his head into that of a donkey. When Bottom returns for his next lines, the other workmen run screaming in terror, much to Bottom's confusion, since he hasn't felt a thing during the transformation. Determined to wait for his friends, he begins to sing to himself. Titania is awakened by Bottom's singing and immediately falls in love with him. She lavishes him with attention and presumably makes love to him. While she is in this state of devotion, Oberon takes the changeling. Having achieved his goals, Oberon releases Titania, orders Puck to remove the donkey's head from Bottom, and arranges everything so that Hermia, Lysander, Demetrius, and Helena will believe that they have been dreaming when they awaken.
The fairies then disappear, and Theseus and Hippolyta arrive on the scene, during an early morning hunt. They wake the lovers and, since Demetrius does not love Hermia any more, Theseus overrules Egeus's demands and arranges a group wedding. The lovers decide that the night's events must have been a dream. After they all exit, Bottom awakes, and he too decides that he must have experienced a dream "past the wit of man". In Athens, Theseus, Hippolyta and the lovers watch the six workmen perform Pyramus and Thisbe. Given a lack of preparation, the performers are so terrible playing their roles to the point where the guests laugh as if it were meant to be a comedy, and afterward everyone retires to bed. Afterward, Oberon, Titania, Puck, and other fairies enter, and bless the house and its occupants with good fortune. After all other characters leave, Puck "restores amends" and suggests to the audience that what they just experienced might be nothing but a dream (hence the name of the play).
「真夏の夜の夢」はこの項目へ転送されています。その他の用法については「真夏の夜の夢 (曖昧さ回避)」をご覧ください。
『夏の夜の夢』（なつのよるのゆめ、原題：A Midsummer Night's Dream）は、ウィリアム・シェイクスピアによって1590年代中頃に書かれた喜劇形式の戯曲。全5幕からなる。アテネ近郊の森に脚を踏み入れた貴族や職人、森に住む妖精たちが登場する。人間の男女は結婚に関する問題を抱えており、妖精の王と女王は養子を巡りけんかをしている。しかし、妖精の王の画策や妖精のひとりパックの活躍によって最終的には円満な結末を迎える。
幾度か映画化もされている。他にも後世に作られた同名の作品が複数ある。坪内逍遥訳をはじめ古い翻訳では『真夏の夜の夢』（まなつのよのゆめ）と訳されることが多かった（日本語訳タイトルの節を参照）。
رویای شب نیمه تابستان نمایشنامهای کمدی اثر ویلیام شکسپیر است که در حدود سالهای ۱۵۹۶-۱۵۹۴ نوشته شدهاست.
ماخذ نمایشنامه[ویرایش]
برای این نمایشنامه ماخذ واحدی شناسایی نشدهاست، اما عناصر گوناگون تشکیل دهنده اش موضوعات شناخته شدهای هستند. داستان مرکزی شاه و ملکه پریان تسوس و هیپولیتا در «حکایت شوالیه» اثر چاسر؛ همچنین در «زندگیها» اثر پلوتارک وجود دارد. طرح اصلی عاشقانه (مسیر ناهموار عشق واقعی) از شیوه نمایشی عصر الیزابت پیروی میکند. عنصر پری و فرشته نیز به فولکلور و هم به ادبیات افسانههای دیرین برمیگردد. سرانجام، «کمدی/ تراژدی» پیراموس و تیسبی نیز وجهی از حکایت کلاسیک و معروف «مسخره بازیهای اوید» است که در «حماسه زنان خوب» اثر چاسر نیز بازگو شدهاست.[۱]
شخصیتهای نمایش[ویرایش]
این نمایش در ۵ پرده تدوین شده و دارای ۲۱ شخصیت و تعدادی سیاهی لشکر است. شخصیتهای اصلی نمایشنامه عبارت اند از:
تسوس: دوک حکمران آتن.
هیپولیتا: شاهزاده خانم خوب؛ نامزد تسوس که: تسوس او را به ضرب شمشیر به دست آورده است.
اژئوس: یک آتنی، شهروندی ساده و کله شق، پدر هرمیا.
لیساندر و دیمیتریوس: دو جوان آتنی، عاشقان هرمیا.
هرمیا: دختر زیبای اژئوس، عاشق لیساندر، که حرف هیچکس را قبول ندارد، که وقتی عصبانی است باهوش تر و زبروزرنگ تر است.
هلنا: عاشق دیمیتریوس، زیبا و بلندبالا، اما ساده و بی دست و پا.
فیلوستراته: رئیس دربار دوک، سازمان دهنده تمام خوشگذرانیها.
Songe d'une nuit d'été.....A Midsummer Night's Dream......夏の夜の夢....رؤیای شب نیمه تابستان ."الحب لا تبدو مع العيون، ولكن مع الخيال [...] الحب في خياله لم يذق الحكم. [...] ويقولون أن الحب هو طفل لأنه في كثير من الأحيان خدع في اختياره. اقل الضحك مؤذ أن كس
A Midsummer Night's Dream is a comedy play by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1590 and 1596. It portrays the events surrounding the marriage of the Duke of Athens, Theseus, and Hippolyta. These include the adventures of four young Athenian lovers and a group of six amateur actors, who are controlled and manipulated by the fairies who inhabit the forest in which most of the play is set. The play is one of Shakespeare's most popular works for the stage and is widely performed across the world.
" Love does not see with eyes, but with the imagination [] love in its imagination has no taste of the judgment(sentence). [] and we say that love is a child because it is so often deceived in its choice. As the roguish youngs which by laughing break their word, the child Love is faithless everywhere. "WS
Hermia and Helena by Washington Allston, 1818
The play features three interconnecting plots, connected by a celebration of the wedding of Theseus of Athens and the Amazon queen, Hippolyta, which is set simultaneously in the woodland and in the realm of Fairyland, under the light of the moon.
In the opening scene, Hermia refuses to follow her father Egeus' instructions to marry Demetrius, whom he has chosen for her, because she wishes to marry another man named Lysander. In response, Egeus invokes before Theseus an ancient Athenian law whereby a daughter must marry the suitor chosen by her father, or else face death. Theseus offers her another choice: lifelong chastity while worshipping the goddess Diana as a nun.
At that same time, Peter Quince and his fellow players gather to produce a stage play, "the most lamentable comedy and most cruel death of Pyramus and Thisbe", for the Duke and the Duchess. Quince reads the names of characters and bestows them to the players. Nick Bottom, who is playing the main role of Pyramus, is over-enthusiastic and wants to dominate others by suggesting himself for the characters of Thisbe, the Lion, and Pyramus at the same time. He would also rather be a tyrant and recites some lines of Ercles. Quince ends the meeting with "at the Duke's oak we meet".
Meanwhile, Oberon, king of the fairies, and his queen, Titania, have come to the forest outside Athens. Titania tells Oberon that she plans to stay there until she has attended Theseus and Hippolyta's wedding. Oberon and Titania are estranged because Titania refuses to give her Indian changeling to Oberon for use as his "knight" or "henchman," since the child's mother was one of Titania's worshippers. Oberon seeks to punish Titania's disobedience, so he calls for his mischievous court jester Puck or "Robin Goodfellow" to help him concoct a magical juice derived from a flower called "love-in-idleness", which turns from white to purple when struck by Cupid's arrow. When the concoction is applied to the eyelids of a sleeping person, that person, upon waking, falls in love with the first living thing they perceive. He instructs Puck to retrieve the flower with the hope that he might make Titania fall in love with an animal of the forest and thereby shame her into giving up the little Indian boy. He says, "And ere I take this charm from off her sight, / As I can take it with another herb, / I'll make her render up her page to me."
Hermia and Lysander have escaped to the same forest in hopes of eloping. Helena, desperate to reclaim Demetrius's love, tells Demetrius about the plan and he follows them in hopes of killing Lysander. Helena continually makes advances towards Demetrius, promising to love him more than Hermia. However, he rebuffs her with cruel insults against her. Observing this, Oberon orders Puck to spread some of the magical juice from the flower on the eyelids of the young Athenian man. Instead, Puck mistakes Lysander for Demetrius, not having actually seen either before, and administers the juice to the sleeping Lysander. Helena, coming across him, wakes him while attempting to determine whether he is dead or asleep. Upon this happening, Lysander immediately falls in love with Helena. Oberon sees Demetrius still following Hermia and is enraged. When Demetrius decides to go to sleep, Oberon sends Puck to get Helena while he charms Demetrius' eyes. Upon waking up, he sees Helena. Now, both men are in pursuit of Helena. However, she is convinced that her two suitors are mocking her, as neither loved her originally. Hermia is at a loss to see why her lover has abandoned her, and accuses Helena of stealing Lysander away from her. The four quarrel with each other until Lysander and Demetrius become so enraged that they seek a place to duel each other to prove whose love for Helena is the greatest. Oberon orders Puck to keep Lysander and Demetrius from catching up with one another and to remove the charm from Lysander. Lysander returns to loving Hermia, while Demetrius continues to love Helena.
The Quarrel of Oberon and Titania by Joseph Noel Paton
Meanwhile, Quince and his band of six labourers ("rude mechanicals", as they are described by Puck) have arranged to perform their play about Pyramus and Thisbe for Theseus' wedding and venture into the forest, near Titania's bower, for their rehearsal. Bottom is spotted by Puck, who (taking his name to be another word for a jackass) transforms his head into that of a donkey. When Bottom returns for his next lines, the other workmen run screaming in terror, much to Bottom's confusion, since he hasn't felt a thing during the transformation. Determined to wait for his friends, he begins to sing to himself. Titania is awakened by Bottom's singing and immediately falls in love with him. She lavishes him with attention and presumably makes love to him. While she is in this state of devotion, Oberon takes the changeling. Having achieved his goals, Oberon releases Titania, orders Puck to remove the donkey's head from Bottom, and arranges everything so that Hermia, Lysander, Demetrius, and Helena will believe that they have been dreaming when they awaken.
The fairies then disappear, and Theseus and Hippolyta arrive on the scene, during an early morning hunt. They wake the lovers and, since Demetrius does not love Hermia any more, Theseus overrules Egeus's demands and arranges a group wedding. The lovers decide that the night's events must have been a dream. After they all exit, Bottom awakes, and he too decides that he must have experienced a dream "past the wit of man". In Athens, Theseus, Hippolyta and the lovers watch the six workmen perform Pyramus and Thisbe. Given a lack of preparation, the performers are so terrible playing their roles to the point where the guests laugh as if it were meant to be a comedy, and afterward everyone retires to bed. Afterward, Oberon, Titania, Puck, and other fairies enter, and bless the house and its occupants with good fortune. After all other characters leave, Puck "restores amends" and suggests to the audience that what they just experienced might be nothing but a dream (hence the name of the play).
「真夏の夜の夢」はこの項目へ転送されています。その他の用法については「真夏の夜の夢 (曖昧さ回避)」をご覧ください。
『夏の夜の夢』（なつのよるのゆめ、原題：A Midsummer Night's Dream）は、ウィリアム・シェイクスピアによって1590年代中頃に書かれた喜劇形式の戯曲。全5幕からなる。アテネ近郊の森に脚を踏み入れた貴族や職人、森に住む妖精たちが登場する。人間の男女は結婚に関する問題を抱えており、妖精の王と女王は養子を巡りけんかをしている。しかし、妖精の王の画策や妖精のひとりパックの活躍によって最終的には円満な結末を迎える。
幾度か映画化もされている。他にも後世に作られた同名の作品が複数ある。坪内逍遥訳をはじめ古い翻訳では『真夏の夜の夢』（まなつのよのゆめ）と訳されることが多かった（日本語訳タイトルの節を参照）。
رویای شب نیمه تابستان نمایشنامهای کمدی اثر ویلیام شکسپیر است که در حدود سالهای ۱۵۹۶-۱۵۹۴ نوشته شدهاست.
ماخذ نمایشنامه[ویرایش]
برای این نمایشنامه ماخذ واحدی شناسایی نشدهاست، اما عناصر گوناگون تشکیل دهنده اش موضوعات شناخته شدهای هستند. داستان مرکزی شاه و ملکه پریان تسوس و هیپولیتا در «حکایت شوالیه» اثر چاسر؛ همچنین در «زندگیها» اثر پلوتارک وجود دارد. طرح اصلی عاشقانه (مسیر ناهموار عشق واقعی) از شیوه نمایشی عصر الیزابت پیروی میکند. عنصر پری و فرشته نیز به فولکلور و هم به ادبیات افسانههای دیرین برمیگردد. سرانجام، «کمدی/ تراژدی» پیراموس و تیسبی نیز وجهی از حکایت کلاسیک و معروف «مسخره بازیهای اوید» است که در «حماسه زنان خوب» اثر چاسر نیز بازگو شدهاست.[۱]
شخصیتهای نمایش[ویرایش]
این نمایش در ۵ پرده تدوین شده و دارای ۲۱ شخصیت و تعدادی سیاهی لشکر است. شخصیتهای اصلی نمایشنامه عبارت اند از:
تسوس: دوک حکمران آتن.
هیپولیتا: شاهزاده خانم خوب؛ نامزد تسوس که: تسوس او را به ضرب شمشیر به دست آورده است.
اژئوس: یک آتنی، شهروندی ساده و کله شق، پدر هرمیا.
لیساندر و دیمیتریوس: دو جوان آتنی، عاشقان هرمیا.
هرمیا: دختر زیبای اژئوس، عاشق لیساندر، که حرف هیچکس را قبول ندارد، که وقتی عصبانی است باهوش تر و زبروزرنگ تر است.
هلنا: عاشق دیمیتریوس، زیبا و بلندبالا، اما ساده و بی دست و پا.
فیلوستراته: رئیس دربار دوک، سازمان دهنده تمام خوشگذرانیها.