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Україна / Ukraine / Ucrânia

It is bordered by Russia to the east; Belarus to the north; Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south. The city of Kiev (Kyiv) is both the capital and the largest city of Ukraine.

Ukraine's modern history began with the East Slavs. From at least the 9th century, Ukraine was a center of the medieval living area of the East Slavs. This state, known as Kievan Rus', became a large and powerful nation, but disintegrated in the 12th century. After the Great Northern War, Ukraine was divided among a number of regional powers, and by the 19th century, the largest part of Ukraine was integrated into the Russian Empire, with the rest under Austro-Hungarian control.

After a chaotic period of incessant warfare and several attempts at independence (1917–21) following World War I and the Russian Civil War, Ukraine emerged in 1922 as one of the founding republics of the Soviet Union. The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic's territory was enlarged westward shortly before and after World War II, and southwards in 1954 with the Crimea transfer. In 1945, the Ukrainian SSR became one of the co-founding members of the United Nations.

Ukraine became independent again after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. This began a period of transition to a market economy, in which Ukraine was stricken with an eight year recession. But since then, the economy experienced a high increase in GDP growth. Ukraine was caught up in the worldwide economic crisis in 2008 and the economy plunged. GDP fell 20% from spring 2008 to spring 2009, then leveled off as analysts compared the magnitude of the downturn to the worst years of economic depression during the early 1990s.

Ukraine is a unitary state composed of 24 oblasts (provinces), one autonomous republic (Crimea), and two cities with special status: Kiev, its capital, and Sevastopol, which houses the Russian Black Sea Fleet under a leasing agreement. Ukraine is a republic under a semi-presidential system with separate legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Since the collapse of the USSR, Ukraine continues to maintain the second largest military in Europe, after that of Russia. The country is home to 46 million people, 77.8 percent of whom are ethnic Ukrainians, with sizable minorities of Russians, Belarusians and Romanians. The Ukrainian language is the only official language in Ukraine, while Russian is also widely spoken. The dominant religion in the country is Eastern Orthodox Christianity, which has heavily influenced Ukrainian architecture, literature and music.

 

History

Please go to

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Ukraine

 

Geography

Please go to

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Ukraine

 

Other info

 

 

Oficial name:

Україна

Ukrayina

 

Independence:

August 24, 1991

 

Area:

603.700 km2

 

Inhabitants:

46.996.765

 

Languages:

українська мова

ukrayins'ka mova

Uckranien

Greek [ell] 7,205 in Ukraine (1970 census). Ethnic population: 106,909. Donetsk oblast, town of Mariupol, 18 villages. Dialects: Mariupol Greek (Tavro-Rumeic, Crimeo-Rumeic). Classification: Indo-European, Greek, Attic

More information.

 

Hungarian [hun] 176,000 in Ukraine (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk). Transcarpathian Ukraine. Alternate names: Magyar. Classification: Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Ugric, Hungarian

More information.

 

Jakati [jat] 29,250 in Ukraine (2000 WCD). Population total all countries: 30,615. Kabul (25 families); Jalalabad (50 families); Charikar (15 families). Also spoken in Afghanistan. Alternate names: Jati, Jatu, Jat, Jataki, Kayani, Musali. Dialects: Related to Western Panjabi. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Northwestern zone, Lahnda

More information.

 

Romani, Carpathian [rmc] Ukraine, Transcarpathia. One dialect is in east Hungary, south Poland, and Galicia; another in Transylvania, Romania; others in Czech Republic and Slovakia, USA. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Central zone, Romani, Northern

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Romani, Vlax [rmy] Eastern and western Ukraine, Odessa, Transcarpathia. Dialects: Ukrainian Vlax Romani, Central Vlax Romani, Kalderash. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Central zone, Romani, Vlax

More information.

 

Romanian [ron] 250,000 in Ukraine (2004). Historically the regions of Bucovina and southern Basarabia (Chernowitz or Cernauti regions) were incorporated into the USSR from Romania by the Ribentrop-Molotov treaty in 1939. Alternate names: Rumanian, Moldavian, Daco-Romanian. Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Eastern

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Rusyn [rue] 560,120 in Ukraine (2000). Population total all countries: 610,120. Transcarpathian Oblast of Ukraine. Also possibly in Romania. Also spoken in Slovakia. Alternate names: Ruthenian, Carpathian, Carpatho-Rusyn. Dialects: Rusyn is called a dialect of Ukrainian, but speakers are reported to consider themselves distinct from Ukrainians. Classification: Indo-European, Slavic, East

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Ukrainian [ukr] 31,058,000 in Ukraine (1993). Population total all countries: 39,441,842. Ethnic population: 37,419,000 (1993 Johnstone). Western Ukraine, adjacent republics. Also spoken in Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Brazil, Canada, Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Paraguay, Poland, Romania, Russia (Asia), Serbia and Montenegro, Slovakia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, USA, Uzbekistan. Dialects: Northwest Ukrainian, Southwest Ukrainian, East Ukrainian. Dialect differences are slight. Classification: Indo-European, Slavic, East

More information.

 

Ukrainian Sign Language [ukl] Classification: Deaf sign language

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Urum [uum] 94,983 in Ukraine (2000 WCD). A few villages in the Donetsk Oblast of southeastern Ukraine. 10 villages total. Classification: Altaic, Turkic

More information.

 

 

Extinct languages

Gothic [got] Extinct. Bulgaria and central Europe. Dialects: Crimean Gothic, Ostrogoth, Visigoth. Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, East

 

Capital city:

Kyyv (Kyev)

 

Meaning country name:

From the Slavic word ukraina ("country"), etymologically cognate with the word "krajina".

 

Description Flag:

The Flag of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Державний Прапор України; translit.: Derzhavnyi Prapor Ukrainy; literally: State Flag of Ukraine) is the Ukrainian nation's national flag. The national flag was officially adopted for the first time in 1918 by a short-lived Ukrainian People's Republic. At that time the commonly used yellow-blue flag had already turned into blue and yellow and sported a Tryzub in the upper left corner. The insignia remained unchanged by the successive government of Pavlo Skoropadsky, and then by Directorate of Ukraine.

Under Soviet rule, bolsheviks had been using red and later red-blue flags as the official Flag of Ukrainian SSR. The blue and yellow flag was forbidden as a symbol of nationalism. It was officially restored in 1992 following Ukrainian independence.

Article 20 of the Constitution of Ukraine states:

...Державний Прапор України – стяг із двох рівновеликих горизонтальних смуг синього і жовтого кольорів.

Translation: The State Flag of Ukraine is a banner of two equally sized horizontal bands of blue and yellow.

 

Coat of arms:

The Coat of Arms of Ukraine (Tryzub) features the same colours found on the Ukrainian flag: a blue shield with yellow trident—the symbol of ancient Slavic tribes that once lived in Ukraine, later adopted by Ruthenian and Kievan Rus rulers.

The coat of arms is a yellow trident with a blue background. The history of the trident symbol as featured in the current Ukrainian coat of arms is more than 1000 years old. The first known archeological and historical evidence of this symbol can be found on the seals of the Rurik dynasty. The oldest of those seals is the one of Prince Sviatoslav Ihorevych (deceased 972).

There is no sure and definite interpretation of the symbol, however, most historians agree that it most probably depicts a stylized hawk or some other totem of the first Rurikid ruler's family. The use of this symbol has been supplanted since the 11th century by the Christian tradition of using the images of the saints (most notably Saint George or Saint Michael) considered to be the protectors of the ruling family, and later by Galician or Cossack heraldic or cultural images. The trident was not thought of as a national symbol until 1917, when one of the most prominent Ukrainian historians, Mykhailo Hrushevsky, proposed to adopt it as a national symbol (alongside other variants, including an arbalet, a bow or a cossack carrying a musket, i.e. images that carried considerable historical and cultural and heraldic significance for Ukraine).

 

Motto:

"Volia, Zlahoda, Dobro"

 

National Anthem: Ще не вмерла України

Shche ne vmerla Ukrainy

"Ukraine's glory has not perished"

 

Ukrainien

 

Ще не вмерла України і слава, і воля,

Ще нам, браття молодії, усміхнеться доля.

Згинуть наші вороженьки, як роса на сонці.

Запануєм і ми, браття, у своїй сторонці.

 

CHORUS x2

Душу й тіло ми положим за нашу свободу,

І покажем, що ми, браття, козацького роду.

 

Tranliteration

 

Shche ne vmerla Ukrayiny i slava, i volya,

Shche nam, brattia molodii, usmikhnet'sia dolia.

Z-hynut' nashi vorizhen'ky, yak rosa na sontsi,

Zapanuyem i my, brattia, u svoyiy storontsi.

 

CHORUS x2

Dushu y tilo my polozhym za nashu svobodu

I pokazhem, shcho my, brattia, kozats'koho rodu

 

English

 

Ukraine's glory has not perished, nor her freedom

Upon us, fellow compatriots, fate shall smile once more.

Our enemies will vanish, like dew in the morning sun,

And we too shall rule, brothers, in a free land of our own.

 

CHORUS x2

We'll lay down our souls and bodies to attain our freedom,

And we'll show that we, brothers, are of the Cossack nation.

 

Internet Page: www.president.gov.ua/en

www.kmu.gov.ua

www.ukraine.org

myukraine.info/en/tourism

 

Ukraine in diferent languages

 

eng | dan | fra | kal | lin | swa: Ukraine

bre | dsb | est | eus | fao | fin | hsb | ina | jav | lav | lit | nor | pol | sme | sqi | swe | vor: Ukraina

ita | lat | lld | roh | ron | rup | scn | srd: Ucraina

crh | gag | kaa | tuk | uzb: Ukraina / Украина

ces | hrv | slk | slv: Ukrajina

fry | lim | nld: Oekraïne

arg | glg: Ucraína

ast | spa: Ucrania

cat | oci: Ucraïna

deu | nds: Ukraine / Ukraine

kin | run: Ukreni

tgl | tur: Ukrayna; Ukranya

afr: Oekraine; Oekraïne

aze: Ukrayna / Украјна

bam: Ikirɛni

bos: Ukrajina / Украјина

cor: Ukrayn

csb: Ùkrajina

cym: Yr Wcráin

epo: Ukrajno; Ukrainio

frp: Ucrayena

fur: Ucraine

gla: An Ùcrain; An t-Ucràin; Ugrain

gle: An Úcráin / An Úcráin

glv: Yn Ookraan

hat: Ikrèn

hun: Ukrajna

ibo: Yukren

ind: Ukraina / اوكراينا

isl: Úkraína

jnf: Ukraîne

kmr: Ûkrayna / Украйна / ئووکراینا ; Ûkrayn / Украйн / ئووکراین

kur: Ûkrayniya / ئووکراینیا

ltz: Ukrain / Ukrain

mlg: Okraina

mlt: Ukrajna; Ukraina

mol: Ucraina / Украина

mri: Ukeina

msa: Ukraine / اوكراين

nrm: Ucraîne

por: Ucrânia

que: Ukranya

rmy: Ukraina / उक्राइना

slo: Ukrainia / Украиниа; Ukrainzem / Украинзем

smg: Okraėna

smo: Iukereni

som: Ukra’iin; Yukreyn

szl: Ůkraina

tet: Ukránia

vie: U-crai-na

vol: Lukrainän

wln: Oucrinne

wol: Ukreen

zza: Ukrayna

chu: Ѹкраина (Ukraina)

abq | alt | che | chm | kir | kjh | kom | krc | kum | mkd | rus | tyv | udm: Украина (Ukraina)

bak | tat: Украина / Ukraina

bel: Украіна / Ukraina

bul: Украйна (Ukrajna)

chv: Украинӑ (Ukraină)

kaz: Украина / Wkraïna / ۋكراينا

kbd: Украинэ (Ukraină)

mon: Украйн (Ukrajn)

oss: Украинӕ (Ukrainä)

srp: Украјина / Ukrajina

tgk: Украина / اوکرئینه / Ukraina

ukr: Україна (Ukraïna)

xal: Украин (Ukrain)

ara: أوكرانيا (Ūkrāniyā)

fas: اوکراین / Ukrâyn; اوکرائین / Ukrâin; اوکرانی / Ukrâni

prs: اوکراین (Ūkrāyn)

pus: اوکراين (Ūkrāyn); اوکرائن (Ūkrāʾin)

uig: ئۇكرائىنا / Ukraina / Украина

urd: یوکرین (Yūkren); یوکرائین (Yūkrāʾīn)

div: ޔުކްރެއިން (Yukre'in)

syr: ܐܘܟܪܢܝܐ (Ūkraniyā); ܐܘܩܪܐܝܢܐ (Ūqrāynā)

heb: אוקראינה (Ûqraʾînah)

lad: אוקראינה / Ukraina

yid: אוקראַיִנע (Ukraine); אוקרײַנע (Ukrayne)

amh: ዩክሬን (Yukren)

ell-dhi: Ουκρανία (Oykranía)

ell-kat: Οὐκρανία (Oykranía)

hye: Ուկրաինա (Oukraina)

kat: უკრაინა (Ukraina)

mar | nep: युक्रेन (Yukren)

hin: यूक्रेन (Yūkren); उक्रइन (Ukrain)

ben: ইউক্রেন (Iukren); উক্রাইনা (Ukrāinā)

pan: ਯੂਕਰੇਨ (Yūkren)

kan: ಉಕ್ರೇನ್ (Ukrēn)

mal: ഉക്രേന് (Ukrēn)

tam: உக்ரைன் (Ukraiṉ); உக்ரேன் (Ukrēṉ)

tel: ఉక్రెయిన్ (Ukreyin)

zho: 烏克蘭/乌克兰 (Wūkèlán)

jpn: ウクライナ (Ukuraina)

kor: 우크라이나 (Ukeuraina)

mya: ယူကရိန္း (Yukáẏeĩ)

tha: ยูเครน (Yūkʰrēn)

lao: ອູກະແຣນ (Ūkalǣn)

khm: អ៊ុយក្រែន (Uykræn)

chr: ᏳᎬᎳᎢᏅ / Yugvlainv

 

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Uploaded on March 12, 2010