Norge / Noreg / Norga / Norway / Noruega

Is a Nordic country in Northern Europe occupying the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, as well as Jan Mayen and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard. Norway has a total area of 385,252 square kilometres (148,747 sq mi) and a population of about 4.8 million. The majority of the country shares a border to the east with Sweden; its northernmost region is bordered by Finland to the south and Russia to the east; and Denmark lies south of its southern tip across the Skagerrak Strait. The capital city of Norway is Oslo. Norway's extensive coastline, facing the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea, is home to its famous fjords.

After World War II, Norway experienced rapid economic growth, with the first two decades due to the Norwegian shipping and merchant marine and domestic industrialization, and from the early 1970s, a result of exploiting large oil and natural gas deposits that had been discovered in the North Sea and the Norwegian Sea. Today, Norway ranks as the wealthiest country in the world in monetary value, with the largest capital reserve per capita of any nation. Norway is the world’s seventh largest oil exporter, and the petroleum industry accounts for around a quarter of its GDP.Following the ongoing financial crisis of 2007–2010, bankers have deemed the Norwegian krone to be one of the most solid currencies in the world.

Norway has rich resources of oil, natural gas, hydroelectric power, forests, and minerals, and was the second largest exporter of seafood (in value, after the People’s Republic of China) in 2006. Other major industries include shipping, food processing, shipbuilding, the metal industry, chemicals, mining, fishing, and the pulp and paper products from forests. Norway maintains a Scandinavian welfare model with universal health-care, subsidized higher education, and a comprehensive social security system. Norway was ranked highest of all countries in human development from 2001 to 2007, and then again in 2009. It was also rated the most peaceful country in the world in a 2007 survey by Global Peace Index.

Norway is a constitutional, hereditary monarchy and parliamentary democracy, with King Harald V as its Head of State. It is a unitary state with administrative subdivisions on two levels known as counties (fylker) and municipalities (kommuner). The Sámi people have a certain amount of self-determination and influence over traditional territories through the Sámi Parliament and the Finnmark Act. Although having rejected European Union membership in two referenda, Norway maintains close ties with the union and its member countries, as well as with the United States. Norway remains one of the biggest financial contributors to the UN, and participates with UN forces in international missions, notably in Afghanistan, Kosovo, and Sudan. Norway is a founding member of the UN, NATO, the Council of Europe, and the Nordic Council, and is a member of the European Economic Area, the WTO, and the OECD.

 

History

Please go to

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Norway

 

Geography

Please go to

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Norway

 

Other info

Oficial name:

nob: Kongeriket Norge / nno: Kongeriket Noreg

+ fkv: Norjan kuningaskunta

sma: Nøørjen gånkarijhke

sme: Norgga gonagasriika

smj: Vuona gånågisrijkka

 

Establishment :

Constitution 17 May, 1814

- Independence from union with Sweden declared 7 June, 1905

 

Area:

323.758 km2

 

Inhabitants:

5.150.000

 

Language:

Norviegen, bokmål and nynorsk

Finnish, Kven [fkv] 5,000 to 8,000 (1998 The Federation of Norwegian Kven People). Northern Norway, Tromso and Finnmark counties, Ruija, Kveeniland; city of Tromso, and in Oteren, Skibotn, Storslett, Kvaenangsbotn, Nordreisa, Alta, Borselv, Neiden, Bygoynes, Vadso. Alternate names: Kven, North Finnish. Dialects: Standard Finnish speakers generally understand most of it, except for some vocabulary. Closer to Tornedalen Finnish (see Sweden) than to Standard Finnish. Various dialects: northern west coast varieties differ from eastern ones. Kven has integrated Norwegian loans, whereas Tornedalen has integrated Swedish loans. Classification: Uralic, Finnic

More information.

 

Norwegian Sign Language [nsl] 4,000 (1986 Gallaudet Univ.). Dialects: Holmestrand, Oslo, Trondheim. Intelligible with Danish and Swedish sign languages with only moderate difficulty. Not intelligible with Finnish Sign Language. Classification: Deaf sign language

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Norwegian, Bokmål [nob] Alternate names: Bokmål, Bokmaal, Norwegian. Dialects: Different from Riksmål in genders, lexicon, counting system, a tendency to permit concrete noun endings in abstract situations, diphthongs versus single vowels, and other features. It is an attempt to simplify written Norwegian. Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, North, East Scandinavian, Danish-Swedish, Danish-Bokmal

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Norwegian, Nynorsk [nno] Alternate names: New Norse, Nynorsk, Norwegian. Dialects: The linguist Ivar Aasen founded this written variety in the 1850s from spoken Norwegian and Old Norse. First official codification in 1901. Named Nynorsk in 1929. Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, North, West Scandinavian

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Norwegian, Traveller [rmg] Alternate names: Rodi, Norwegian Traveller. Dialects: An independent language based on Norwegian with heavy lexical borrowing from Northern Romani and German Rotwelsch. Not intelligible with Angloromani. Classification: Mixed Language, Norwegian-Romani

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Romani, Tavringer [rmu] 6,000 in Norway (1998 Hallman). In eastern and northern Norway. Alternate names: Rommani, Svensk Rommani, Traveller Swedish, "Tattare". Classification: Mixed Language, Swedish-Romani

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Romani, Vlax [rmy] 500 Lovari in Norway (1993 Johnstone). 3,500 Gypsies in Norway. Dialects: Lovari. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Central zone, Romani, Vlax

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Saami, Lule [smj] 500 in Norway (1995 M. Krauss). Ethnic population: 1,000 to 2,000 in Norway (1995 M. Krauss). 31,600 to 42,600 ethnic Sámi in Norway (1995). Tysfjord, Hamaroy, and Folden, Norway. Alternate names: Lule, Saame. Classification: Uralic, Sami, Western, Northern

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Saami, North [sme] 15,000 in Norway (1995 M. Krauss). Population total all countries: 21,000. Ethnic population: 30,000 to 40,000 in Norway (1995 M. Krauss). Finnmark, Troms, Nordland, Ofoten. Also spoken in Finland, Sweden. Alternate names: "Northern Lappish", "Norwegian Lapp", Saami, Same, Samic, "Lapp", Northern Saami. Dialects: Ruija, Torne, Sea Lappish. Classification: Uralic, Sami, Western, Northern

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Saami, Pite [sje] Between Saltenfjord and Ranenfjord in Norway. Alternate names: "Lapp", Pite. Classification: Uralic, Sami, Western, Northern Nearly extinct.

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Saami, South [sma] 300 in Norway (1995 M. Krauss). Ethnic population: 600 in Norway. Hatfjelldal and Wefsen, south to Elga. Alternate names: "Northern Lappish", "Norwegian Lapp", Saami, Same, Samic. Classification: Uralic, Sami, Western, Southern

 

Capital city:

Oslo

 

Meaning country name:

From the old Norse norðr and vegr "northern way". 'Norðrvegr' refers to long coastal passages from the western tip of Norway to its northernmost lands in the Arctic.

Urmane, or Murmane in Old Russian: from the Norse pronunciation of the word Normans (Northmen). (This word survives in the name of the Russian city Murmansk.)

Norge (Bokmål) and Noreg (Nynorsk) are the two official Norwegian names.

An Iorua (Irish) seems to derive from a misinterpretation of Old Norse Norðrvegr as beginning the Irish definite article an, common to most country names in Irish. The rest of the word was then taken as the country name. A similar process took place in the development of the English word adder (originally a nadder).

 

Description Flag:

Fredrik Meltzer chose a Christian cross, following the tradition of other Nordic countries (Denmark and Sweden). Red, white and blue were chosen to denote democracy, as these colours were used in the flags of comparably democratic states (The Netherlands, United Kingdom, The United States, and France). Meltzer's design also refers to the red and white Danish flag, which had been Norway's flag as well until 1814. The blue cross was probably a reference to the blue of the Swedish flag.

The flag of Norway is red with an indigo blue Scandinavian cross outlined in white that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog, the flag of Denmark. The proportions of the national flag are 22:16 (width to height), its colour elements having a width of 6:1:2:1:12 and a height of 6:1:2:1:6. The proportions of the state flag are 27:16, or 6:1:2:1:6:11 horizontally and 6:1:2:1:6 vertically.

 

Coat of arms:

The Coat of Arms of Norway is one of the oldest in Europe. It originated as a personal coat of arms for the royal house.

Håkon the Old (1217-1263) used a shield with a lion. The earliest preserved reference to the colour of the arms is the King's Saga written down in 1220.

In 1280 King Eirik Magnusson added the crown and silver axe to the lion. The axe is the martyr axe of St. Olav, the weapon used to kill him in the battle of Stiklestad in 1030.

The design of the Norwegian arms has changed through the years, following changing heraldic fashions. In the late Middle Ages, the axe handle gradually grew longer and came to resemble a halberd. The handle was usually curved in order to fit the shape of shield preferred at the time, and also to match the shape of coins. The halberd was officially discarded and the shorter axe reintroduced by royal decree in 1844, when an authorized design was instituted for the first time. In 1905 the official design for royal and government arms was again changed, this time reverting to the medieval pattern, with a triangular shield and a more upright lion. The painter Eilif Peterssen was responsible for the design. The present design was introduced in 1937, but slightly modified with royal approval 20 May 1992.

The coat of arms is always to be displayed surmounted with the royal crown. During World War II the Quisling regime continued to use the lion coat of arms, most often with the crown removed. In 1943 the design of the lion was modified, and the royal crown was replaced with an open medieval type of crown. The legitimate Norwegian government continued to use the coat of arms with the royal crown during exile.

Royal coat of armsAccording to the rules of heraldry, any design is acceptable and recognizable as the arms of Norway, provided it fits the blazon "gules a lion rampant or, crowned and bearing an axe with blade argent".

The Norwegian official blazon: "Ei upprett gull-løve på raud grunn med gullkrone på hovudet og gullskjeft sylvøks i framlabbane".

 

Motto:

Royal- "Alt for Norge" and "Enige og tro til Dovre faller"

 

National Anthem: Ja, vi elsker dette landet

 

1.

Ja, vi elsker dette landet,

som det stiger frem,

furet, værbitt over vannet,

med de tusen hjem.

Elsker, elsker det og tenker

på vår far og mor.

Og den saganatt som senker

drømme på vår jord.

Og den saganatt som senker,

senker drømme på vår jord.

 

2.

Dette landet Harald berget

med sin kjemperad,

dette landet Håkon verget

medens Øyvind kvad;

Olav på det landet malte

korset med sitt blod,

fra dets høye Sverre talte

Roma midt imot.

 

3.

Bønder sine økser brynte

hvor en hær dro frem,

Tordenskiold langs kysten lynte,

så den lystes hjem.

Kvinner selv stod opp og strede

som de vare menn;

andre kunne bare grede,

men det kom igjen!

 

4.

Visstnok var vi ikke mange,

men vi strakk dog til,

da vi prøvdes noen gange,

og det stod på spill;

ti vi heller landet brente

enn det kom til fall;

husker bare hva som hendte

ned på Fredrikshald!

 

5.

Hårde tider har vi døyet,

ble til sist forstøtt;

men i verste nød blåøyet

frihet ble oss født.

Det gav faderkraft å bære

hungersnød og krig,

det gav døden selv sin ære -

og det gav forlik.

 

6.

Fienden sitt våpen kastet,

opp visiret for,

vi med undren mot ham hastet,

ti han var vår bror.

Drevne frem på stand av skammen

gikk vi søderpå;

nu vi står tre brødre sammen,

og skal sådan stå!

 

7.

Norske mann i hus og hytte,

takk din store Gud!

Landet ville han beskytte,

skjønt det mørkt så ut.

Alt hva fedrene har kjempet,

mødrene har grett,

har den Herre stille lempet

så vi vant vår rett.

 

8.

Ja, vi elsker dette landet,

som det stiger frem,

furet, værbitt over vannet,

med de tusen hjem.

Og som fedres kamp har hevet

det av nød til seir,

også vi, når det blir krevet,

for dets fred slår leir.

 

English

 

Yes, we love with fond devotion

This our land that looms

Rugged, storm-scarred o'er the ocean

With her thousand homes.

Love her, in our love recalling

Those who gave us birth.

And old tales wtich night, in falling,

Brings as dreams to earth.

Norsemen whatsoe'er thy station,

Thank thy God whose power

willed and wrought the land's salvation

In her darkest hour.

All our mothers sought with weeping

And our sires in fight,

God has fashioned in His keeping

Till we gained our right.

Yes, we love with fond devotion

This our land that looms

Rugged, storm-scarred o'er the ocean

With her thousand homes.

And, as warrior sires have made her

Wealth and fame increase,

At the call we too will aid her

Armed to guard her peace.

Royal Anthem: Kongesangen

 

Norsk

 

1

Gud sign vår konge god!

Sign ham med kraft og mot

sign hjem og slott!

Lys for ham ved din Ånd,

knytt med din sterke hånd

hellige troskapsbånd

om folk og drott!

 

2

Høyt sverger Norges mann

hver i sitt kall, sin stand,

troskap sin drott.

Trofast i liv og død,

tapper i krig og nød,

alltid vårt Norge lød

Gud og sin drott.

 

English

 

1

God bless our good king!

Bless him with strength and courage,

bless home and palace!

Guide him with Your Spirit,

tie with Your strong Hand

holy bands of allegiance

around people and sovereign!

 

2

Loudly swear men of Norway

each in his calling, his station,

loyalty to the sovereign.

Loyal in life and death,

courageous in war and need,

always our Norway obeyed

God and its sovereign

 

Internet Page: www.norway.no

www.norway.info

hwww.visitnorway.com

 

Norway in diferent languages

 

eng | hau: Norway

arg | ast | cat | glg | pap | por | spa | tet: Noruega

bre | eus | ita | lat | lld | roh | ron: Norvegia

crh | gag | kaa | uzb: Norvegiya / Норвегия

dan | nob | swe: Norge

deu | ltz | nds: Norwegen / Norwegen

dsb | hsb: Norwegska

est | vor: Norra

hrv | slv: Norveška

jav | pol: Norwegia

kin | run: Norveje

afr: Noorweë

aze: Norveç / Норвеч

bam: Nɔrɔwɛsi

bos: Norveška / Норвешка

ces: Norsko

cor: Norgagh

cos: Nurvegia

csb: Norweskô; Norwegiô

cym: Norwy

epo: Norvegujo; Norvegio

fao: Noreg; Norra

fin: Norja

fra: Norvège

frp: Norvèg•e

fry: Noarwegen

fur: Norvegje

gla: An Nirribhidh

gle: An Iorua / An Iorua; An Ioruaidh / An Ioruaiḋ

glv: Norlynn

hat: Nòvèj

haw: Noloweke

hun: Norvégia

ibo: Nọwe

ina: Norvegia; Norvega

ind: Norwegia / نورويڬيا

isl: Noregur

jnf: Norouague

kal: Norgemuit Nunaat; Norge

kmr: Norvêj / Норвеж / نۆرڤێژ; Norvêcî / Норвещи / نۆرڤێجی; Norvêcistan / Норвещьстан / نۆرڤێجستان

kur: Norwêj / نۆروێژ; Nerwêc / نەروێج

lav: Norvēģija

lim: Noorwege

lin: Norvej

lit: Norvegija

liv: Norvēgmō

mlg: Nôrvezy

mlt: Norveġja

mol: Norvegia / Норвеӂия

mri: Nōwei

msa: Norway / نورواي

nah: Noruegatlan

nld: Noorwegen

nno: Noreg

non: Noregr

nrm: Norvêgue

oci: Norvègia

que: Nurwiga

rmy: Norvejiya / नोर्वेजिया

rup: Norveghia

scn: Norveggia

sco: Norrowey

slk: Nórsko

slo: Norvegia / Норвегиа

sma: Nøørje

sme: Norga

smg: Nuorvegėjė

smj: Vuodna

smo: Noue

som: Noorweey

sqi: Norvegjia

srd: Norveja

swa: Unorwe

szl: Norwygja

tgl: Norwega

ton: Noaue

tpi: Nowei

tuk: Norwegiýa / Норвегия

tur: Norveç

vie: Na Uy

vol: Norgän

wln: Norvedje

wol: Norweej

zul: iNoki

zza: Norweç

chu: Норьга (Norĭga)

abq | alt | bul | kir | kjh | kom | krc | kum | rus | tyv | udm: Норвегия (Norvegija)

che | chv | mon | oss: Норвеги (Norvegi)

bak: Норвегия / Norvegiya

bel: Нарвегія / Narviehija; Нарвэгія / Narvehija

chm: Норвегий (Norvegij)

kaz: Норвегия / Norvegïya / نورۆەگيا

kbd: Норвегие (Norvegie)

mkd: Норвешка (Norveška)

srp: Норвешка / Norveška

tat: Норвегия / Norvegiä

tgk: Норвегия / ناروگیه / Norvegija

ukr: Норвеґія (Norvegija)

xal: Норвег (Norveg)

ara: النرويج (an-Narwīǧ / an-Nurwīǧ); النروج (an-Narwiǧ); نروج (Narwiǧ)

ckb: نەرویج / Nerwic

fas: نروژ / Norvež

prs: ناروی (Nārvai)

pus: ناروۍ (Nārwəy)

uig: نورۋېگىيە / Norwégiye / Норвегия

urd: ناروے (Nārve)

div: ނޯވޭ (Nōvē)

syr: ܢܪܘܝܓ (Norwayg)

heb: נורבגיה (Nôrṿegyah); נורוגיה / נורווגיה (Nôrvegyah)

lad: נורואיגה / Noruega

yid: נאָרװעגיע (Norvegye)

amh: ኖርዌ (Norwe); ኖርዌይ (Norwey)

ell: Νορβηγία (Norvīgía)

hye: Նորվեգիա (Norvegia)

kat: ნორვეგია (Norvegia)

hin: नॉर्वे (Nŏrve); नार्वे (Nārve)

nep: नर्वे (Narve)

ben: নরওয়ে (Nôrôoye)

pan: ਨਾਰਵੇ (Nārve)

kan: ನಾರ್ವೆ (Nārve)

mal: നോര്വേ (Nōrvē)

tam: நோர்வே (Nōrvē); நார்வே (Nārvē)

tel: నార్వే (Nārvē)

zho: 挪威 (Nuówēi)

yue: 挪威 (Nòhwāi)

jpn: ノルウェー (Noruwē)

kor: 노르웨이 (Noreuwei)

bod: ནོར་ཝེ་ (Nor.we.); ནོ་ཝེ་ (No.we.)

dzo: ནོ་ཝེ་ (No.we.)

mya: နော္ဝေး (Nɔwè)

tha: นอร์เวย์ (Nɔ̄[r]wē[y]); นอรเวย์ (Nɔ̄nwē[y])

lao: ນອກແວ (Nɔ̄kvǣ)

khm: ន័រវែស (Nŏrvæs); ណរវែស (Ṇarvæs); ន័រវេ (Nŏrve)

 

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