Ulster / Northern Ireland / Irlanda do Norte

Is one of the four countries of the United Kingdom. Situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, it shares a border with the Republic of Ireland to the south and west. At the time of the 2001 UK Census, its population was 1,685,000, constituting about 30% of the island's total population and about 3% of the population of the United Kingdom.

Northern Ireland consists of six of the traditional nine counties of the historic Irish province of Ulster. It was created as a distinct division of the United Kingdom on 3 May 1921 under the Government of Ireland Act 1920,though its constitutional roots lie in the 1800 Act of Union between Great Britain and Ireland. For over 50 years it had its own devolved government and parliament. These institutions were suspended in 1972 and abolished in 1973. Repeated attempts to restore self-government finally resulted in the establishment of the present-day Northern Ireland Executive and Northern Ireland Assembly. The Assembly operates on consociational democracy principles requiring cross-community support.

Northern Ireland was for many years the site of a violent and bitter ethno-political conflict—The Troubles—between those claiming to represent nationalists, who are predominantly Roman Catholic, and those claiming to represent unionists, who are predominantly Protestant. Unionists want Northern Ireland to remain part of the United Kingdom, while nationalists wish it to be politically reunited with the rest of Ireland. Since the signing of the "Good Friday Agreement" in 1998, most of the paramilitary groups involved in the Troubles have ceased their armed campaigns.

Due to its unique history, the issue of the symbolism, name and description of Northern Ireland is complex, and similarly the issue of citizenship and identity. In general, Unionists consider themselves British and Nationalists see themselves as Irish, though these identities are not necessarily mutually exclusive.

 

History

Please go to

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Northern_Ireland

 

Geography

Please go to

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Ireland

 

Other info

Oficial name:

Tuaisceart Éireann

Norlin Airlann

 

Establishment

- Government of Ireland Act 1920

 

Area:

13.843 km2

 

Inhabitants:

2.000.000

 

Languages:

Irish and English

 

Capital city:

Belfast

 

Meaning island name:

After Éire from Proto-Celtic *Īweriū "the fertile place" or "Place of Éire (Eriu)" a Celtic fertility goddess. Often mistakenly derived as "Land of Iron", or from a reflex of Proto-Indo-European *arya, or from variations of the Irish word for west (modern Irish iar, iarthar).

Hibernia (ancient name and Latin variant): apparently assimilated to Latin hibernus (wintry).

Ireland is known as Eirinn in Scottish Gaelic, from a grammatical case of Éire. In fellow Celtic language Welsh it is Iwerddon, in Cornish it is Ywerdhon or Worthen and in Breton it is Iwerzhon.

In Gaelic bardic tradition Ireland is also known by the poetical names of Banbha (meaning piglet) and Fódhla. In Gaelic myth, Ériu, Banbha and Fódla were three goddesses who greeted the Milesians upon their arrival in Ireland, and who granted them custodianship of the island

 

Description Flag:

The "Ulster Banner" is the official name that was given to the flag, which can be referred to as "the flag of Northern Ireland", the "Northern Ireland flag", the "Red Hand Flag" or as the "Ulster Flag" (not to be confused with the provincial Flag of Ulster). The Ulster Banner was the official flag that was used to represent the Government of Northern Ireland from 1953 to 1973. In common with other British flags, any civic status of the flag was not defined in a de jure manner.

In 1924, the Government of Northern Ireland was granted arms by Royal Warrant and had the right to display these arms on a flag or banner. This right was exercised for the Coronation in 1953. Between 1953 and 1972, this flag was the arms of the Government of Northern Ireland. It ceased to have official government sanction when the Parliament of Northern Ireland was dissolved by the British government under the Northern Ireland Constitution Act 1973, but remains the only flag to date which represents Northern Ireland at international level in sport. and the flag of the province of Ulster, with the addition of a crown to symbolise the loyalty of Ulster unionists to the British Monarchy. As with the flag of the province of Ulster, it contains the Red Hand of Ulster at the centre. There is a dispute as to the meaning of the star, with some maintaining it is the Star of David, and others say it represents the six counties that make up Northern Ireland.

The flag is used within the unionist community, along with the Union Flag. A variation of the flag places the Union Flag in the Canton, and defaced with the red hand and the outline of a map of Northern Ireland on the Union Flag. It is regularly displayed by fans of the Northern Ireland national football team. It is also used to represent Northern Ireland at the Commonwealth Games, the Northern Ireland national football team.

 

Coat of arms:

The Coat of Arms of Northern Ireland was granted to the Government of Northern Ireland in 1924, after the Irish Free State had separated from the United Kingdom.

Neville Rodwell Wilkinson, Ulster King of Arms, had designed the great seal and flag of Northern Ireland in 1923. In January 1924 he held discussions with Northern Ireland officials in London regarding the coat of arms. The final design was completed by Wilkinson's deputy Thomas Ulick Sadleir for approval by the Northern Ireland cabinet in April 1924. The artwork was approved and the Royal warrant signed by George V and issued through the Home Office on August 2, 1924 and registered in the Register of Arms in Dublin as follows:

Royal Warrant Government of Northern Ireland

Argent a cross gules, overall on a six pointed star of the field ensigned by an Imperial crown proper a dexter hand couped at the wrist of the second.

Given at our Court of St. James in the 15th year of our reign 2nd August 1924 by His Majesty's command.

This was the same design as the Flag of Northern Ireland which had been designed in the previous year.

The supporters were granted in 1925, and consist of a gold lion supporting a banner of the Irish coat of arms — Azure a harp Or stringed Argent, meaning a gold harp, stringed silver, on a blue background, as represented in the Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom; and a white elk with gold antlers and hooves supporting a banner of the arms of the De Burgo Earls of Ulster, the basis for the Flag of Ulster.

In 1971 the College of Arms in London added the compartment on which the supporters stand. The Latin motto Quis separabit (Who shall separate). The motto was first used by the Order of St. Patrick in the 18th Century, and was also used by the British Army regiment, the Royal Ulster Rifles. More recently, the motto has been used by the proscribed paramilitary group known as the Ulster Defence Association (the UDA).

When the Government of Northern Ireland was prorogued in 1972 the arms went out of official use. The grant has not been rescinded, but the arms are considered historical, as the body to which the arms were granted no longer exists and so cannot be used unless regranted to another armiger.

 

Motto:

" Quis separabit? "

 

National Anthem: Londonderry Air

'Oh! shrive me, father - haste, haste, and shrive me,

'Ere sets yon dread and flaring sun;

'Its beams of peace, - nay, of sense, deprive me,

'Since yet the holy work's undone.'

The sage, the wand'rer's anguish balming,

Soothed her heart to rest once more;

And pardon's promise torture calming,

The Pilgrim told her sorrows o'er.

The charms that caus'd in life's young morning,

The woes the sad one had deplor'd,

Were now, alas! no more adorning,

The lips that pardon sweet implor'd:-

But oh! those eyes, so mildly beaming,

Once seen, not Saints could e'er forget! -

And soon the Father's tears were streaming,

When Devorgilla's gaze he met!

Gone, gone, was all the pride of beauty,

That scorn'd and broke the bridal vow,

And gave to passion all the duty

So bold a heart would e'er allow;

Yet all so humbly, all so mildly,

The weeping fair her fault confess'd,

Tho' youth had viewed her wand'ring wildly,

That age could ne'er deny her rest.

The tale of woe full sadly ended,

The word of peace the Father said,

While balmy tear-drops fast descended,

And droop'd the suppliant sinner's head.

The rose in gloom long drear and mourning,

Not welcomes more the sun's mild ray,

Than Breffni's Princess hail'd returning

The gleam of rest that shriving-day.

The first writer, after Petrie's publication, to set verses to the tune was Alfred Perceval Graves, in the late 1870's. His song was entitled 'Would I Were Erin's Apple Blossom o'er You.' Graves later stated '.....that setting was, to my mind, too much in the style of church music, and was not, I believe, a success in consequence.' (ref Audley, below).

 

Would I were Erin's apple-blossom o'er you,

Or Erin's rose, in all its beauty blown,

To drop my richest petals down before you,

Within the garden where you walk alone;

In hope you'd turn and pluck a little posy,

With loving fingers through my foliage pressed,

And kiss it close and set it blushing rosy

To sigh out all its sweetness on your breast.

Would I might take a pigeon's flight towards you,

And perch beside your window-pane above,

And murmur how my heart of hearts it hoards you,

O hundred thousand treasures of my love;

In hope you'd stretch your slender hand and take me,

And smooth my wildly-fluttering wings to rest,

And lift me to your loving lips and make me

My bower of blisses in your loving breast.

And when the dew no longer pearls your roses,

Nor gems your footprint on the glittering lawn,

I'd follow you into the forest closes

In the fond image of your sportive fawn;

Till you should woo me 'neath the wavering cover

With coaxing call and friendly hands and eyes,

Where never yet a happy human lover

His head has pillowed—mine to emparadise.

 

Irish Love Song

The tune was first called "Londonderry Air" in 1894 when Katherine Tynan Hinkson set the words of her "Irish Love Song" to it:

 

Would God I were the tender apple blossom

That floats and falls from off the twisted bough

To lie and faint within your silken bosom

Within your silken bosom as that does now.

Or would I were a little burnish'd apple

For you to pluck me, gliding by so cold

While sun and shade you robe of lawn will dapple

Your robe of lawn, and you hair's spun gold.

Yea, would to God I were among the roses

That lean to kiss you as you float between

While on the lowest branch a bud uncloses

A bud uncloses, to touch you, queen.

Nay, since you will not love, would I were growing

A happy daisy, in the garden path

That so your silver foot might press me going

Might press me going even unto deat

Use as a hymn tune

As with a good many folk tunes, Londonderry Air is also used a hymn tune; most notably for "I cannot tell" [1], written by William Young Fullerton.

 

I cannot tell why He Whom angels worship,

Should set His love upon the sons of men,

Or why, as Shepherd, He should seek the wanderers,

To bring them back, they know not how or when.

But this I know, that He was born of Mary

When Bethlehem’s manger was His only home,

And that He lived at Nazareth and labored,

And so the Savior, Savior of the world is come.

I cannot tell how silently He suffered,

As with His peace He graced this place of tears,

Or how His heart upon the cross was broken,

The crown of pain to three and thirty years.

But this I know, He heals the brokenhearted,

And stays our sin, and calms our lurking fear,

And lifts the burden from the heavy laden,

For yet the Savior, Savior of the world is here.

I cannot tell how He will win the nations,

How He will claim His earthly heritage,

How satisfy the needs and aspirations

Of East and West, of sinner and of sage.

But this I know, all flesh shall see His glory,

And He shall reap the harvest He has sown,

And some glad day His sun shall shine in splendour

When He the Savior, Savior of the world is known.

I cannot tell how all the lands shall worship,

When, at His bidding, every storm is stilled,

Or who can say how great the jubilation

When all the hearts of men with love are filled.

But this I know, the skies will thrill with rapture,

And myriad, myriad human voices sing,

And earth to Heaven, and Heaven to earth, will answer:

At last the Savior, Savior of the world is King

It was also used as a setting for "I would be true" by Howard Arnold Walter at the funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales:

 

I would be true, for there are those that trust me.

I would be pure, for there are those that care.

I would be strong, for there is much to suffer.

I would be brave, for there is much to dare.

I would be friend of all, the foe, the friendless.

I would be giving, and forget the gift,

I would be humble, for I know my weakness,

I would look up, laugh, love and live.

 

Internet Page: www.northernireland.gov.uk

www.niassembly.gov.uk

www.discovernorthernireland.com

www.gotobelfast.com

 

N.Ireland in diferent languages

 

eng: Northern Ireland

afr | lim | nld: Noord-Ierland

cat | ina | ita: Irlanda del Nord

roh-enb | roh-eno | roh-gri: Irlanda dal Nord

ast | spa: Irlanda del Norte

dan | swe: Nordirland

deu | ltz: Nordirland / Nordirland

fra | nrm: Irlande du Nord

glg | tet: Irlanda Norte

kin | run: Irilande y’uburaruko

arg: Irlanda d’o Norte

aze: Şimali İrlandiya / Шимали Ирландија

bam: Irilandi Saheliyanfan

bos: Severna Irska / Северна Ирска

bre: Norzh-Iwerzhon

ces: Severní Irsko

cor: Iwerdhon Gledh

cos: Irlanda tramuntana

cym: Gogledd Iwerddon

dsb: Pódpołnocna Irska

epo: Nord-Irlando

est: Põhja-Iirimaa

eus: Ipar Irlanda

fao: Norðurírland

fin: Pohjois-Irlanti

fry: Noard-Ierlân

gla: Èirinn a Tuath

gle: Tuaisceart Éireann / Tuaisceart Éireann

glv: Nerin Hwoaie

hat: Iland dinò

hau: Ireland ta Arewa

hrv: Sjeverna Irska

hsb: Sewjerna Irska

hun: Észak-Írország

ibo: Aialand Ugwu

ind: Irlandia Utara / ايرلنديا اوتارا

isl: Norður-Írland

jav: Irlandia Utara

kaa: Arqa İrlandiya / Арқа Ирландия

kmr: Îrlandî ya Bakur / Ирланди йа Бакӧр’ / ئیرلاندیا باکوڕ; Îrlandî ya Şimalê / Ирланди йа Шьмале / ئیرلاندیا شمالی

kur: Îrlandaya Bakur / ئیرلاندایا باکور

lat: Irlandia Septentrionalis; Hibernia Septentrionalis

lav: Ziemeļīrija

lin: Irlandi ya Nola

lit: Šiaurės Airija

lld: Irlanda dl Nord

mlg: Irlandy Avaratra

mlt: Irlanda ta’ Fuq

mol: Irlanda de Nord / Ирланда де Норд

mri: Airangi ki te Raki

msa: Ireland Utara / ايرلند اوتارا

nds: Noordirland / Noordirland

nor: Nord-Irland

oci: Irlanda del Nòrd

pol: Irlandia Północna

por: Irlanda do Norte

que: Chinchay Ilanda

rmy: Nordutno Irland / नोर्दुत्नो इर्लान्द

roh-srs: Irlanda dil Nord

ron: Irlanda de Nord

rup: Irlanda di Aratsile

scn: Irlanna dû Nord

sco: Northren Ireland

slk: Severné Írsko

slo: Severju Irlandia / Северйу Ирландиа

slv: Severna Irska

sme: Davvi-Irlánda

smg: Šiauris Airėjė

smo: Aialani i Matu

som: Ayrlaandada Waqooyi

sqi: Irlanda Veriore

srd: Irlanda de Susu

swa: Ireland ya Kaskazini

szl: Irlandja Půunocno

tgl: Hilagang Irlandiya

tpi: Noten Aialan

tuk: Demirgazyk Irlandiýa / Демиргазык Ирландия

tur: Kuzey İrlanda

uzb: Shimoliy Irlandiya / Шимолий Ирландия

vie: Bắc Ái Nhĩ Lan; Bắc Ai-len

wln: Bijhe Irlande

wol: Irlaand bu Noor

zza: İrlanda Zımey

abq: Северна Ирландия (Severna Irłandija)

alt: Тӱндӱк Ирландия (Tündük Irlandija)

bak: Төньяҡ Ирландия / Tönyaķ İrlandiya

bel: Паўночная Ірландыя / Paŭnočnaja Irłandyja; Паўночная Ірляндыя / Paŭnočnaja Irlandyja

bul: Северна Ирландия (Severna Irlandija)

che: Къилбседера Ирланди (Q̣ilbsedera Irlandi)

chm: Йӱдвел Ирландий (Jüdvel Irlandij)

chv: Ҫурҫӗр Ирланди (Śurśĕr Irlandi)

kaz: Солтүстік Ирландия / Soltüstik Ïrlandïya / سولتۇستىك يرلانديا

kbd: Севернэ Ирландие (Severnă Irlandie)

kir: Түндүк Ирландия (Tündük Irlandija)

kjh: Севернай Ирландия (Severnaj Irlandija)

kom: Севернӧй Ирландия (Severnöj Irlandija)

krc: Север Ирландия (Sever Irlandija)

kum: Темиркъазыкъ Ирландия (Temirqazyq Irlandija)

mkd: Северна Ирска (Severna Irska)

mon: Умард Ирланд (Umard Irland)

oss: Цӕгат Ирланди (Cägat Irlandi)

rus: Северная Ирландия (Severnaja Irlandija)

srp: Северна Ирска / Severna Irska

tat: Төньяк Ирландия / Tönyaq İrlandiä

tgk: Ирландияи Шимолӣ / ایرلندیۀ شمالی / Irlandijai Şimolī

tyv: Соңгу-Ирландия (Soṅgu-Irlandija)

ukr: Північна Ірландія (Pivnična Irlandija)

ara: آيرلندا الشمالية (Āyirlandā š-Šimālīyâ); إيرلندا الشمالية (Īrlandā š-Šimālīyâ); إرلندة الشمالية (Irlandâtu š-Šimālīyâ); إرلندا الشمالية (Irlandā š-Šimālīyâ)

fas: ایرلند شمالی / Irlande Šemâli; ایرلاند شمالی / Irlânde Šemâli

pus: شمالي آيرلېنډ (Šimālī Āyrlenḋ); شمالي آيرلېند (Šimālī Āyrlend); شمالي آئرلېنډ (Šimālī Āʾirlenḋ); شمالي آئرلېند (Šimālī Āʾirlend)

snd: اتر آئرلينڊ (Utaru Āʾirlenḍa)

uig: شىمالىي ئىرلاندىيە / Shimaliy Irlandiye / Шималий Ирландия

urd: شمالی آئرستان (Šimālī Āʾiristān); شمالی آئرلینڈ / شمالی آئرلینڈ (Šimālī Āʾirlænḋ); شمالی آیرلینڈ (Šimālī Āyarlænḋ)

heb: צפון אירלנד (Tsəfôn Îrland); צפון אירלאנד (Tsəfôn Îrlând); אירלנד הצפונית (Îrland ha-Tsəfônît); אירלאנד הצפונית (Îrlând ha-Tsəfônît)

yid: צפֿון אירלאַנד (Tsofn Irland)

amh: ሰሜን አየርላንድ (Sämen Ăyärland)

ell-dhi: Βόρεια Ιρλανδία (Vóreia Irlandía)

ell-kat: Βόρειος Ἰρλανδία (Vóreios Irlandía)

hye: Հյուսիսային Իռլանդիա (Hyousisayin Iṙlandia)

kat: ჩრდილოეთ ირლანდია (Č̣rdiloeṭ Irlandia)

hin: उत्तर आयरलैंड (Uttar Āyarlæṁḍ)

ben: উত্তর আয়ারল্যান্ড (Uttar Āyārlæṇḍ); উত্তর আয়ারল্যাণ্ড (Uttar Āyārlæṇḍ)

kan: ಉತ್ತರ ಐರ್ಲೆಂಡ್ (Uttara Airleṁḍ)

mal: ഉത്തര അയര്ലന്റ് (Uttara Ayarlanṟ)

tam: வட அயர்லாந்து (Vaṭa Ayarlāntu)

zho: 北愛爾蘭/北爱尔兰 (Běi Ài'ěrlán)

yue: 北愛爾蘭/北爱尔兰 (Bāk Oiyíhlàahn)

jpn: 北アイルランド (Kita Airurando)

kor: 북아일랜드 (Buk Aillaendeu)

dzo: བྱང་ཨའིརི་ལེནཌ་ (Byaṅ A'iri.lenḍ.)

mya: မ္ရောက္အုိင္ယာလန္ (Myouʿ Aĩyalã)

tha: ไอร์แลนด์เหนือ (Ai[r]lǣn[d] [h]Nʉ̄a)

lao: ອຽກລັງເໜືອ (Aẏklâṅ [h]Nʉ̄a)

khm: អៀរឡង់ខាងជើង (Ierḷăṅ Kʰāṅčøṅ)

 

Done