الصومال / Soomaaliya / Somalia / Somália
Somalia (pronounced /soʊˈmɑːliə/ soh-MAH-lee-ə; Somali: Soomaaliya; Arabic: الصومال aṣ-Ṣūmāl), officially the Republic of Somalia (Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya, Arabic: جمهورية الصومال Jumhūriyyat aṣ-Ṣūmāl) and formerly known as the Somali Democratic Republic under communist rule, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya to the southwest, the Gulf of Aden with Yemen to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, and Ethiopia to the west.
In antiquity, Somalia was an important center for commerce with the rest of the ancient world. Its sailors and merchants were the main suppliers of frankincense, myrrh and spices, items which were considered valuable luxuries by the Ancient Egyptians, Phoenicians, Mycenaeans and Babylonians with whom the Somali people traded. According to most scholars, Somalia is also where the ancient Kingdom of Punt was situated. The ancient Puntites were a nation of people that had close relations with Pharaonic Egypt during the times of Pharaoh Sahure and Queen Hatshepsut. The pyramidal structures, temples and ancient houses of dressed stone littered around Somalia are said to date from this period. In the classical era, several ancient city-states such as Opone, Mosyllon and Malao[disambiguation needed] that competed with the Sabaeans, Parthians and Axumites for the wealthy Indo-Greco-Roman trade also flourished in Somalia.
The birth of Islam on the opposite side of Somalia's Red Sea coast meant that Somali merchants, sailors and expatriates living in the Arabian Peninsula gradually came under the influence of the new religion through their converted Arab Muslim trading partners. With the migration of fleeing Muslim families from the Islamic world to Somalia in the early centuries of Islam and the peaceful conversion of the Somali population by Somali Muslim scholars in the following centuries, the ancient city-states eventually transformed into Islamic Mogadishu, Berbera, Zeila, Barawa and Merca, which were part of the Berberi civilization. The city of Mogadishu came to be known as the City of Islam, and controlled the East African gold trade for several centuries.
In the Middle Ages, several powerful Somali empires dominated the regional trade including the Ajuuraan State, which excelled in hydraulic engineering and fortress building, the Sultanate of Adal, whose general Ahmed Gurey was the first African commander in history to use cannon warfare on the continent during Adal's conquest of the Ethiopian Empire, and the Gobroon Dynasty, whose military dominance forced governors of the Omani empire north of the city of Lamu to pay tribute to the Somali Sultan Ahmed Yusuf. In the late 19th century after the Berlin conference had ended, European empires sailed with their armies to the Horn of Africa. The imperial clouds wavering over Somalia alarmed the Dervish leader Muhammad Abdullah Hassan, who gathered Somali soldiers from across the Horn of Africa and began one of the longest colonial resistance wars ever.
Somalia was never formally colonized. The Dervish State successfully repulsed the British empire four times and forced it to retreat to the coastal region. As a result of its fame in the Middle East and Europe, the Dervish state was recognized as an ally by the Ottoman Empire and the German empire, and remained throughout World War I the only independent Muslim power on the continent. After a quarter of a century holding the British at bay, the Dervishes were finally defeated in 1920 when Britain for the first time in Africa used aeroplanes when it bombed the Dervish capital of Taleex. As a result of this bombardment, former Dervish territories were turned into a protectorate of Britain. Italy similarly faced the same opposition from Somali Sultans and armies and did not acquire full control of parts of modern Somalia until the Fascist era in late 1927. This occupation lasted till 1941 and was replaced by a British military administration. Northern Somalia would remain a protectorate while southern Somalia became a trusteeship. The Union of the two regions in 1960 formed the Somali Democratic Republic.
Due to its longstanding ties with the Arab world, Somalia was accepted in 1974 as a member of the Arab League. To strengthen its relationship with the rest of the African continent, Somalia joined other African nations when it founded the African Union, and began to support the ANC in South Africa against the apartheid regime and the Eritrean secessionists in Ethiopia during the Eritrean War of Independence. A Muslim country, Somalia is one of the founding members of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference and is also a member of the UN and NAM. Despite suffering from civil strife and instability, Somalia has also managed to sustain a free market economy which, according to the UN, outperforms those of many other countries in Africa.
History
Please go to
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Somalia
Geography
Please go to
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Somalia
Other info
Oficial Name:
الصومال
Soomaaliya
República Somali
Independence:
July 1, 1960
Area:
637.657 km2
Inhabitants:
9.500.000
Languages:
Arabic, Standard [arb] Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic
More information.
Boni [bob] Few if any speakers in Somalia (1991). Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Rendille-Boni
More information.
Boon [bnl] 59 (2000 WCD). Jilib District, Middle Jubba Region, scattered in the bush and live in settlements of 2 or 3 houses with their closest relatives. Alternate names: Af-Boon. Dialects: There are similarities to Somali. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East Nearly extinct.
More information.
Dabarre [dbr] 26,753 (2000 WCD). Spoken by the Dabarre clan around Dhiinsoor District, May Region, and the Iroole Clan in nearby Baraawe District, Lower Shabeelle Region, and in Qansax Dheere. Alternate names: Af-Dabarre. Dialects: Dabarre, Iroole (Af-Iroole). A very distinctive language in the Digil clan family. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Somali
More information.
English [eng] Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, West, English
More information.
Garre [gex] 50,000 (1992). Ethnic population: Possibly several hundred thousand in the ethnic group (1992). Dominate areas of southern Somalia, especially in the Wanle Weyn-Buur Hakaba area; Baydhaba, Dhiinsoor, Buurhakaba, and Qoryooley districts; Middle and Lower Shabeelle and Bay regions. Alternate names: Af-Garre. Dialects: Reported to be linguistically close to Boni. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Somali
More information.
Jiiddu [jii] 29,726 (2000 WCD). Lower Shabeelle Bay and Middle Jubba regions, Qoryooley, Dhiinsoor, Jilib, and Buurhakaba districts. Alternate names: Jiddu, Af-Jiiddu. Dialects: A distinct language from Somali and Tunni, usually grouped under the Digil dialects or languages. Different sentence structure and phonology from Somali. Closer to Somali than to Baiso. Some similarities to Konsoid languages and to Gedeo, Alaba, Hadiyya, and Kambaata. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Somali
More information.
Maay [ymm] 594,520 (2000 WCD). 700,000 to 1,500,000 including the Digil dialects or languages. Southern Somalia, Gedo Region, Middle and Lower Shabeelle, Middle and Lower Jubba, Baay, and Bakool regions. Alternate names: Af-Maay Tiri, Af-Maay, Af-May, Af-Maymay, Rahanween, Rahanweyn. Dialects: Af-Helledi. It may be more than one language; the dialects form a continuum. Standard Somali is difficult or unintelligible to Maay speakers, except for those who have learned it through mass communications, urbanization, and internal movement. Different sentence structure and phonology from Somali. The Rahanwiin (Rahanweyn) clan confederacy speak various Maay dialects or languages. Af-Helledi is a Maay secret language used by hunters. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Somali
More information.
Mushungulu [xma] 20,000 to 50,000 (1992). Southern Somalia, Jamaame District of Lower Jubba Region, centered in Jamaame District, and some in urban areas in nearby Kismaayo and in Muqdisho. Alternate names: Kimushungulu, Mushunguli. Dialects: May be the same as, or intelligible with, Zigula or Shambaa. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, G, Zigula-Zaramo (G.30)
More information.
Oromo, Borana-Arsi-Guji [gax] 41,616 in Somalia (2000 WCD). Gedo Region. Alternate names: Southern Oromo. Dialects: Borana (Booran, Boran). Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Oromo
More information.
Somali [som] 7,784,434 in Somalia (2000 WCD). Population total all countries: 12,653,480. Throughout the country. Also spoken in Djibouti, Ethiopia, Finland, Italy, Kenya, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Sweden, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Yemen. Alternate names: Af-Soomaali, Af-Maxaad Tiri, Common Somali, Standard Somali. Dialects: Northern Somali, Benaadir, Af-Ashraaf (Ashraaf). Northern Somali is the basis for Standard Somali. It is readily intelligible to speakers of Benaadir Somali, but difficult or unintelligible to most Maay and Digil speakers. Those in Merka and Muqdisho speak Af-Ashraaf, a distinct variety which may have limited inherent intelligibility to speakers of Standard Somali. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Somali
More information.
Swahili [swh] 40,000 in Somalia (1992). The Mwini live in Baraawe (Brava), Lower Shabeelle, and were scattered in cities and towns of southern Somalia. Most have fled to Kenya because of the civil war. The Bajun live in Kismaayo District and the neighboring coast. Dialects: Mwini (Mwiini, Chimwiini, Af-Chimwiini, Barwaani, Bravanese), Bajuni (Kibajuni, Bajun, Af-Bajuun, Mbalazi, Chimbalazi). Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, G, Swahili (G.40)
More information.
Tunni [tqq] 29,726 (2000 WCD). Lower Shabeelle and Middle Jubba regions, Dhiinsoor, Baraawe, and Jilib districts. Alternate names: Af-Tunni. Dialects: Distinct from Somali or Jiiddu, usually grouped under the Digil dialects or languages. Different sentence structure and phonology from Somali. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Somali
Capital city:
Mogadiscio
Meaning country name:
Takes its name from the Somalis, its indigenous people. The eytmology of their name remains uncertain, but various sources have proposed the following:
From a Cushitic word meaning "dark," or "black," a reference to the color of their own skin.
From a local phrase soo maal which means "go and milk," implying a friendly people who offered milk to their guests.
From the name of an ancient and mythical figure-patriarch, who almost all Somalis directly link to, known Samaale.
Description Flag:
The flag of Somalia was adopted on October 12, 1954. It was designed by Mohammed Awale Liban, intended to be used for pan-Somali. Upon reunification of Italian and British Somaliland, the flag was used for the Somali Democratic Republic.
According to Liban, the flag is intended to look like the flag of the United Nations. The United Nations helped Somalia gain independence from Italy, and the flag design was adopted in its honour.
The five edges of star symbolize the five areas where Somalis were divided by the then European colonials. These five places are British Somaliland (Somaliland), Italian Somaliland (Somalia), French Somaliland (Djibouti), Ogaden (Ethiopia), and Northern Frontier District (Kenya).
The blazon, or heraldic description, of this flag is: Azure, a mullet Argent.
Coat of arms:
The coat of arms of Somalia was adopted on October 10, 1956. The leopards which support the shield and the white star were also found on the arms used during the Italian administration. Formerly, the arms of Somalia from June 8, 1919 featured a shield divided horizontally by a wavy white line (Smith, 1980). The top half of the shield was blue with a leopard in natural color surmonted by a white five-pointed star.
National Anthem: Somalia, wake up
Soomaaliyeey toosoo
Toosoo isku tiirsada oo
Hadba kiina taagdaran oo
Taageera waligiinee
Idinkaa isu tooqaayoo
Idinkaa isu taamaayee
Aadamuhu tacliin barayoo
Waddankiisa taamyeeloo
Sharcigaa isku kiin tolayoo
Luuqadaa tuwaaxid ahoo
Arligiina taaka ahoo
Kuma kala tegeysaan oo
Tiro ari ah oo dhaxalaa
Sideed laydin soo tubayoo
Ninba toban la meel marayoo
Cadowgiin idiin talin oo
Tuldo geel ah oo dhacan baad
Toogasho u badheedhanee
Ma dhulkaas dhanee tegeybaan
Ninna dhagax u tuurayn
Qaran aan hubkuu tumayo
Tooreyda dhaafayn
Oo aan taar samayn karin
Uur kutaallo weynaa
Hadba waxaan la taahaayoo
Togagga uga qayshaa
Nin dalkiisii cadow taaboo
U tol waayey baan ahayee
Marba waxaan laa ooyaayoo
Oo ilmadu iiga qubataa
Iqtiyaar nin loo diidoo
La addoon sadaan ahayee
English translation
Chorus:
Somalia wake up,
wake up and lean on each other
And whoever is most in need of support
Support them forever.
Internet Page: www.somali-gov.info
Somalia in diferent languages
eng | arg | ast | bre | cym | dan | eus | fao | fin | glg | ina | ita | jav | lat | lin | lld | nor | oci | pol | roh | ron | rup | scn | smo | sot | spa | sqi | swe: Somalia
cor | hat | swa | tgl | tur | wol: Somali
fra | frp | fur | jnf | nrm: Somalie
aze | kaa | tuk | uzb: Somali / Сомали
dsb | hrv | hsb | slv: Somalija
deu | ltz | nds: Somalia / Somalia
hau | kin | run: Somaliya
por | sme | tet: Somália
afr | nld: Somalië
cat | srd: Somàlia
ces | slk: Somálsko
est | vor: Somaalia
ind | msa: Somalia / سوماليا
bam: Sɔmali
bos: Somalija / Сомалија
crh: Somaliya / Сомалия
epo: Somalujo; Somalio
fry: Somaalje
gla: Somàilia
gle: An tSomáil / An tSomáil
glv: Yn Tomaal
hun: Szomália
ibo: Sọmalia
isl: Sómalía
kmr: Somalî / Сомали / سۆمالی
kur: Somalya / سۆمالیا; Somalî / سۆمالی
lav: Somālija
lit: Somalis
mlg: Sômalia
mlt: Somalja
mol: Somalia / Сомалия
que: Sumalya
rmy: Somaliya / सोमालिया
slo: Somalia / Сомалиа
smg: Suomalis
som: Soomaaliya
szl: Sůmalijo
vie: Xô-ma-li
vol: Somalän
wln: Somaleye
zul: iSomali
zza: Somalya
alt | che | chm | chv | kbd | kir | kjh | kom | krc | kum | mon | oss | rus | tyv | udm: Сомали (Somali)
bak | tat: Сомали / Somali
abq: Сомали (Somałi)
bel: Самалі / Samali; Самалія / Samalija
bul: Сомалия (Somalija)
kaz: Сомали / Somalï / سومالي
mkd: Сомалија (Somalija)
srp: Сомалија / Somalija
tgk: Сомалӣ / ساملی / Somalī
ukr: Сомалі (Somali)
ara: الصومال (aṣ-Ṣūmāl)
fas: سومالی / Somâli
prs: سومالیا (Sōmāliyā)
pus: سوماليا (Somāliyā); سومالي (Somālī)
uig: سومالى / Somali / Сомали
urd: سمالیا (Samāliyā); سومالیا (Somāliyā); صومالیہ (Ṣomāliyâ)
div: ސޮމާލިއާ (Somāli'ā)
heb: סומליה (Sômalyah); סומאליה (Sômâlyah)
lad: סומאליה / Somalia
yid: סאָמאַליע (Somalye)
amh: ሶማሊያ (Somaliya); ሱማልያ (Sumalya)
ell: Σομαλία (Somalía)
hye: Սոմալի (Somali); Սոմալիա (Somalia)
kat: სომალი (Somali)
hin: सोमालिया (Somāliyā)
ben: সোমালিয়া (Somāliyā)
pan: ਸੋਮਾਲੀਆ (Somālīā)
kan: ಸೊಮಾಲಿಯ (Somāliya)
mal: സോമാലിയ (Sōmāliya); സൊമാലിയ (Somāliya)
tam: சோமாலி (Čōmāli); சோமாலியா (Čōmāliyā)
tel: సొమాలియా (Somāliyā)
zho: 索馬里/索马里 (Suǒmǎlǐ)
jpn: ソマリア (Somaria)
kor: 소말리아 (Somallia)
bod: སོ་མ་ལི་ (So.ma.li.)
mya: ဆုိမာလီယာ (Sʰomaliya)
tha: โซมาเลีย (Sōmāliya)
lao: ໂຊມາລີ (Sōmālī)
khm: សូម៉ាលី (Sūmālī)
الصومال / Soomaaliya / Somalia / Somália
Somalia (pronounced /soʊˈmɑːliə/ soh-MAH-lee-ə; Somali: Soomaaliya; Arabic: الصومال aṣ-Ṣūmāl), officially the Republic of Somalia (Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya, Arabic: جمهورية الصومال Jumhūriyyat aṣ-Ṣūmāl) and formerly known as the Somali Democratic Republic under communist rule, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya to the southwest, the Gulf of Aden with Yemen to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, and Ethiopia to the west.
In antiquity, Somalia was an important center for commerce with the rest of the ancient world. Its sailors and merchants were the main suppliers of frankincense, myrrh and spices, items which were considered valuable luxuries by the Ancient Egyptians, Phoenicians, Mycenaeans and Babylonians with whom the Somali people traded. According to most scholars, Somalia is also where the ancient Kingdom of Punt was situated. The ancient Puntites were a nation of people that had close relations with Pharaonic Egypt during the times of Pharaoh Sahure and Queen Hatshepsut. The pyramidal structures, temples and ancient houses of dressed stone littered around Somalia are said to date from this period. In the classical era, several ancient city-states such as Opone, Mosyllon and Malao[disambiguation needed] that competed with the Sabaeans, Parthians and Axumites for the wealthy Indo-Greco-Roman trade also flourished in Somalia.
The birth of Islam on the opposite side of Somalia's Red Sea coast meant that Somali merchants, sailors and expatriates living in the Arabian Peninsula gradually came under the influence of the new religion through their converted Arab Muslim trading partners. With the migration of fleeing Muslim families from the Islamic world to Somalia in the early centuries of Islam and the peaceful conversion of the Somali population by Somali Muslim scholars in the following centuries, the ancient city-states eventually transformed into Islamic Mogadishu, Berbera, Zeila, Barawa and Merca, which were part of the Berberi civilization. The city of Mogadishu came to be known as the City of Islam, and controlled the East African gold trade for several centuries.
In the Middle Ages, several powerful Somali empires dominated the regional trade including the Ajuuraan State, which excelled in hydraulic engineering and fortress building, the Sultanate of Adal, whose general Ahmed Gurey was the first African commander in history to use cannon warfare on the continent during Adal's conquest of the Ethiopian Empire, and the Gobroon Dynasty, whose military dominance forced governors of the Omani empire north of the city of Lamu to pay tribute to the Somali Sultan Ahmed Yusuf. In the late 19th century after the Berlin conference had ended, European empires sailed with their armies to the Horn of Africa. The imperial clouds wavering over Somalia alarmed the Dervish leader Muhammad Abdullah Hassan, who gathered Somali soldiers from across the Horn of Africa and began one of the longest colonial resistance wars ever.
Somalia was never formally colonized. The Dervish State successfully repulsed the British empire four times and forced it to retreat to the coastal region. As a result of its fame in the Middle East and Europe, the Dervish state was recognized as an ally by the Ottoman Empire and the German empire, and remained throughout World War I the only independent Muslim power on the continent. After a quarter of a century holding the British at bay, the Dervishes were finally defeated in 1920 when Britain for the first time in Africa used aeroplanes when it bombed the Dervish capital of Taleex. As a result of this bombardment, former Dervish territories were turned into a protectorate of Britain. Italy similarly faced the same opposition from Somali Sultans and armies and did not acquire full control of parts of modern Somalia until the Fascist era in late 1927. This occupation lasted till 1941 and was replaced by a British military administration. Northern Somalia would remain a protectorate while southern Somalia became a trusteeship. The Union of the two regions in 1960 formed the Somali Democratic Republic.
Due to its longstanding ties with the Arab world, Somalia was accepted in 1974 as a member of the Arab League. To strengthen its relationship with the rest of the African continent, Somalia joined other African nations when it founded the African Union, and began to support the ANC in South Africa against the apartheid regime and the Eritrean secessionists in Ethiopia during the Eritrean War of Independence. A Muslim country, Somalia is one of the founding members of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference and is also a member of the UN and NAM. Despite suffering from civil strife and instability, Somalia has also managed to sustain a free market economy which, according to the UN, outperforms those of many other countries in Africa.
History
Please go to
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Somalia
Geography
Please go to
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Somalia
Other info
Oficial Name:
الصومال
Soomaaliya
República Somali
Independence:
July 1, 1960
Area:
637.657 km2
Inhabitants:
9.500.000
Languages:
Arabic, Standard [arb] Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic
More information.
Boni [bob] Few if any speakers in Somalia (1991). Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Rendille-Boni
More information.
Boon [bnl] 59 (2000 WCD). Jilib District, Middle Jubba Region, scattered in the bush and live in settlements of 2 or 3 houses with their closest relatives. Alternate names: Af-Boon. Dialects: There are similarities to Somali. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East Nearly extinct.
More information.
Dabarre [dbr] 26,753 (2000 WCD). Spoken by the Dabarre clan around Dhiinsoor District, May Region, and the Iroole Clan in nearby Baraawe District, Lower Shabeelle Region, and in Qansax Dheere. Alternate names: Af-Dabarre. Dialects: Dabarre, Iroole (Af-Iroole). A very distinctive language in the Digil clan family. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Somali
More information.
English [eng] Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, West, English
More information.
Garre [gex] 50,000 (1992). Ethnic population: Possibly several hundred thousand in the ethnic group (1992). Dominate areas of southern Somalia, especially in the Wanle Weyn-Buur Hakaba area; Baydhaba, Dhiinsoor, Buurhakaba, and Qoryooley districts; Middle and Lower Shabeelle and Bay regions. Alternate names: Af-Garre. Dialects: Reported to be linguistically close to Boni. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Somali
More information.
Jiiddu [jii] 29,726 (2000 WCD). Lower Shabeelle Bay and Middle Jubba regions, Qoryooley, Dhiinsoor, Jilib, and Buurhakaba districts. Alternate names: Jiddu, Af-Jiiddu. Dialects: A distinct language from Somali and Tunni, usually grouped under the Digil dialects or languages. Different sentence structure and phonology from Somali. Closer to Somali than to Baiso. Some similarities to Konsoid languages and to Gedeo, Alaba, Hadiyya, and Kambaata. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Somali
More information.
Maay [ymm] 594,520 (2000 WCD). 700,000 to 1,500,000 including the Digil dialects or languages. Southern Somalia, Gedo Region, Middle and Lower Shabeelle, Middle and Lower Jubba, Baay, and Bakool regions. Alternate names: Af-Maay Tiri, Af-Maay, Af-May, Af-Maymay, Rahanween, Rahanweyn. Dialects: Af-Helledi. It may be more than one language; the dialects form a continuum. Standard Somali is difficult or unintelligible to Maay speakers, except for those who have learned it through mass communications, urbanization, and internal movement. Different sentence structure and phonology from Somali. The Rahanwiin (Rahanweyn) clan confederacy speak various Maay dialects or languages. Af-Helledi is a Maay secret language used by hunters. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Somali
More information.
Mushungulu [xma] 20,000 to 50,000 (1992). Southern Somalia, Jamaame District of Lower Jubba Region, centered in Jamaame District, and some in urban areas in nearby Kismaayo and in Muqdisho. Alternate names: Kimushungulu, Mushunguli. Dialects: May be the same as, or intelligible with, Zigula or Shambaa. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, G, Zigula-Zaramo (G.30)
More information.
Oromo, Borana-Arsi-Guji [gax] 41,616 in Somalia (2000 WCD). Gedo Region. Alternate names: Southern Oromo. Dialects: Borana (Booran, Boran). Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Oromo
More information.
Somali [som] 7,784,434 in Somalia (2000 WCD). Population total all countries: 12,653,480. Throughout the country. Also spoken in Djibouti, Ethiopia, Finland, Italy, Kenya, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Sweden, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Yemen. Alternate names: Af-Soomaali, Af-Maxaad Tiri, Common Somali, Standard Somali. Dialects: Northern Somali, Benaadir, Af-Ashraaf (Ashraaf). Northern Somali is the basis for Standard Somali. It is readily intelligible to speakers of Benaadir Somali, but difficult or unintelligible to most Maay and Digil speakers. Those in Merka and Muqdisho speak Af-Ashraaf, a distinct variety which may have limited inherent intelligibility to speakers of Standard Somali. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Somali
More information.
Swahili [swh] 40,000 in Somalia (1992). The Mwini live in Baraawe (Brava), Lower Shabeelle, and were scattered in cities and towns of southern Somalia. Most have fled to Kenya because of the civil war. The Bajun live in Kismaayo District and the neighboring coast. Dialects: Mwini (Mwiini, Chimwiini, Af-Chimwiini, Barwaani, Bravanese), Bajuni (Kibajuni, Bajun, Af-Bajuun, Mbalazi, Chimbalazi). Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, G, Swahili (G.40)
More information.
Tunni [tqq] 29,726 (2000 WCD). Lower Shabeelle and Middle Jubba regions, Dhiinsoor, Baraawe, and Jilib districts. Alternate names: Af-Tunni. Dialects: Distinct from Somali or Jiiddu, usually grouped under the Digil dialects or languages. Different sentence structure and phonology from Somali. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Somali
Capital city:
Mogadiscio
Meaning country name:
Takes its name from the Somalis, its indigenous people. The eytmology of their name remains uncertain, but various sources have proposed the following:
From a Cushitic word meaning "dark," or "black," a reference to the color of their own skin.
From a local phrase soo maal which means "go and milk," implying a friendly people who offered milk to their guests.
From the name of an ancient and mythical figure-patriarch, who almost all Somalis directly link to, known Samaale.
Description Flag:
The flag of Somalia was adopted on October 12, 1954. It was designed by Mohammed Awale Liban, intended to be used for pan-Somali. Upon reunification of Italian and British Somaliland, the flag was used for the Somali Democratic Republic.
According to Liban, the flag is intended to look like the flag of the United Nations. The United Nations helped Somalia gain independence from Italy, and the flag design was adopted in its honour.
The five edges of star symbolize the five areas where Somalis were divided by the then European colonials. These five places are British Somaliland (Somaliland), Italian Somaliland (Somalia), French Somaliland (Djibouti), Ogaden (Ethiopia), and Northern Frontier District (Kenya).
The blazon, or heraldic description, of this flag is: Azure, a mullet Argent.
Coat of arms:
The coat of arms of Somalia was adopted on October 10, 1956. The leopards which support the shield and the white star were also found on the arms used during the Italian administration. Formerly, the arms of Somalia from June 8, 1919 featured a shield divided horizontally by a wavy white line (Smith, 1980). The top half of the shield was blue with a leopard in natural color surmonted by a white five-pointed star.
National Anthem: Somalia, wake up
Soomaaliyeey toosoo
Toosoo isku tiirsada oo
Hadba kiina taagdaran oo
Taageera waligiinee
Idinkaa isu tooqaayoo
Idinkaa isu taamaayee
Aadamuhu tacliin barayoo
Waddankiisa taamyeeloo
Sharcigaa isku kiin tolayoo
Luuqadaa tuwaaxid ahoo
Arligiina taaka ahoo
Kuma kala tegeysaan oo
Tiro ari ah oo dhaxalaa
Sideed laydin soo tubayoo
Ninba toban la meel marayoo
Cadowgiin idiin talin oo
Tuldo geel ah oo dhacan baad
Toogasho u badheedhanee
Ma dhulkaas dhanee tegeybaan
Ninna dhagax u tuurayn
Qaran aan hubkuu tumayo
Tooreyda dhaafayn
Oo aan taar samayn karin
Uur kutaallo weynaa
Hadba waxaan la taahaayoo
Togagga uga qayshaa
Nin dalkiisii cadow taaboo
U tol waayey baan ahayee
Marba waxaan laa ooyaayoo
Oo ilmadu iiga qubataa
Iqtiyaar nin loo diidoo
La addoon sadaan ahayee
English translation
Chorus:
Somalia wake up,
wake up and lean on each other
And whoever is most in need of support
Support them forever.
Internet Page: www.somali-gov.info
Somalia in diferent languages
eng | arg | ast | bre | cym | dan | eus | fao | fin | glg | ina | ita | jav | lat | lin | lld | nor | oci | pol | roh | ron | rup | scn | smo | sot | spa | sqi | swe: Somalia
cor | hat | swa | tgl | tur | wol: Somali
fra | frp | fur | jnf | nrm: Somalie
aze | kaa | tuk | uzb: Somali / Сомали
dsb | hrv | hsb | slv: Somalija
deu | ltz | nds: Somalia / Somalia
hau | kin | run: Somaliya
por | sme | tet: Somália
afr | nld: Somalië
cat | srd: Somàlia
ces | slk: Somálsko
est | vor: Somaalia
ind | msa: Somalia / سوماليا
bam: Sɔmali
bos: Somalija / Сомалија
crh: Somaliya / Сомалия
epo: Somalujo; Somalio
fry: Somaalje
gla: Somàilia
gle: An tSomáil / An tSomáil
glv: Yn Tomaal
hun: Szomália
ibo: Sọmalia
isl: Sómalía
kmr: Somalî / Сомали / سۆمالی
kur: Somalya / سۆمالیا; Somalî / سۆمالی
lav: Somālija
lit: Somalis
mlg: Sômalia
mlt: Somalja
mol: Somalia / Сомалия
que: Sumalya
rmy: Somaliya / सोमालिया
slo: Somalia / Сомалиа
smg: Suomalis
som: Soomaaliya
szl: Sůmalijo
vie: Xô-ma-li
vol: Somalän
wln: Somaleye
zul: iSomali
zza: Somalya
alt | che | chm | chv | kbd | kir | kjh | kom | krc | kum | mon | oss | rus | tyv | udm: Сомали (Somali)
bak | tat: Сомали / Somali
abq: Сомали (Somałi)
bel: Самалі / Samali; Самалія / Samalija
bul: Сомалия (Somalija)
kaz: Сомали / Somalï / سومالي
mkd: Сомалија (Somalija)
srp: Сомалија / Somalija
tgk: Сомалӣ / ساملی / Somalī
ukr: Сомалі (Somali)
ara: الصومال (aṣ-Ṣūmāl)
fas: سومالی / Somâli
prs: سومالیا (Sōmāliyā)
pus: سوماليا (Somāliyā); سومالي (Somālī)
uig: سومالى / Somali / Сомали
urd: سمالیا (Samāliyā); سومالیا (Somāliyā); صومالیہ (Ṣomāliyâ)
div: ސޮމާލިއާ (Somāli'ā)
heb: סומליה (Sômalyah); סומאליה (Sômâlyah)
lad: סומאליה / Somalia
yid: סאָמאַליע (Somalye)
amh: ሶማሊያ (Somaliya); ሱማልያ (Sumalya)
ell: Σομαλία (Somalía)
hye: Սոմալի (Somali); Սոմալիա (Somalia)
kat: სომალი (Somali)
hin: सोमालिया (Somāliyā)
ben: সোমালিয়া (Somāliyā)
pan: ਸੋਮਾਲੀਆ (Somālīā)
kan: ಸೊಮಾಲಿಯ (Somāliya)
mal: സോമാലിയ (Sōmāliya); സൊമാലിയ (Somāliya)
tam: சோமாலி (Čōmāli); சோமாலியா (Čōmāliyā)
tel: సొమాలియా (Somāliyā)
zho: 索馬里/索马里 (Suǒmǎlǐ)
jpn: ソマリア (Somaria)
kor: 소말리아 (Somallia)
bod: སོ་མ་ལི་ (So.ma.li.)
mya: ဆုိမာလီယာ (Sʰomaliya)
tha: โซมาเลีย (Sōmāliya)
lao: ໂຊມາລີ (Sōmālī)
khm: សូម៉ាលី (Sūmālī)