Sudan / السودان / Sudão
is a country in northeastern Africa. It is the largest country in Africa, and the Arab World, and tenth largest in the world by area. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, Kenya and Uganda to the southeast, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west and Libya to the northwest. The world's longest river, the Nile, divides the country between east and west sides..
Sudan is home to one of the world's oldest continuous major civilizations, with historical and urban settlements dating back to 3000 BC. The people of Sudan have a long history extending from antiquity, which is intertwined with the history of Egypt, with which it was united politically over several periods. After gaining independence from Egypt, and the United Kingdom in 1956, Sudan suffered a civil war, lasting 17 years, subsequently followed by ethnic, religious, and economic conflicts between the Northern Sudanese (with Arab and Nubian roots), and the Christian and animist Nilotes of Southern Sudan. This led to a second civil war in 1983, and due to continuing political and military struggles, Sudan was seized in a bloodless coup d'état by colonel Omar al-Bashir in 1989, who thereafter proclaimed himself President of Sudan.
Sudan then achieved great economic growth by implementing macroeconomic reforms and finally ended the civil war by adopting a new constitution in 2005 with rebel groups in the south, granting them limited autonomy to be followed by a referendum about independence in 2011. Rich in natural resources such as petroleum and crude oil, Sudan's economy is currently amongst the fastest growing economies in the world. The People's Republic of China and Japan are the largest trading partners of Sudan.
However, after an Islamic legal code was introduced on a national level, the ruling National Congress (NCP) established themselves as the sole political party in the state and has since supported the use of recruited Arab militias in guerrilla warfare, such as in the ongoing conflict in Darfur. Because of thousands of people being displaced and killed, the need for humanitarian care in Darfur has attracted worldwide attention, and the conflict has been described as a genocide. Officially a federal presidential representative democratic republic, the politics of Sudan are widely considered by the international community to take place within an authoritarian dictatorship due to the influence of the NCP. These factors led to the termination of diplomatic relations between Sudan and Chad, obstructed humanitarian assistance to the civilian population and has even led to war crimes charges being issued against members of the Sudanese government. On 4 March 2008, the International Criminal Court (ICC) issued an arrest warrant for President Omar al-Bashir on charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity, the first sitting head of state ever indicted by the ICC. Sudan has also been the subject of severe sanctions due to alleged ties with Egyptian Islamic Jihad and al-Qaeda. Sudan has scored low in human development in the last few years, ranking #150 in 2009, between Haiti and Tanzania. Statistics indicate that about 17% of the population live on less than US $1.25 per day.
A member of the United Nations, Sudan also maintains membership with the AU, LAS, OIC and NAM, as well as serving as an observer in WTO.Its capital is Khartoum, which serves as the political, cultural and commercial center of the nation, while Omdurman remains the largest city. Among Sudan's population of 42 million people, Sunni islam is the official and largest religion, while Arabic and English are the official languages.
History
Please go to
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Sudan
Geography
Please go to
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Sudan
Other info
Oficial Name:
جمهورية السودان
Jumhuriyat as-Sudan
Independence:
September 6, 1968
Area:
2.505.810 km2
Inhabitants:
39.110.000
Languages:
Acheron Acholi Afitti Aja Aka Ama Anuak Arabic, Standard Arabic, Sudanese Creole Arabic, Sudanese Spoken Avokaya Bai Baka Banda, Mid-Southern Banda, Togbo-Vara Banda, West Central Banda-Banda Banda-Mbrès Banda-Ndélé Bari Bedawi Belanda Bor Belanda Viri Beli Berta Boguru Bongo Burun Dagik Dair Daju, Dar Fur Daju, Dar Sila Didinga Dilling Dinka, Northeastern Dinka, Northwestern Dinka, South Central Dinka, Southeastern Dinka, Southwestern Domari Dongotono El Hugeirat Feroge Fulfulde, Adamawa Fur Gaam Gbaya Ghulfan Gula Gumuz Hausa Heiban Indri Jumjum Jur Modo Kacipo-Balesi Kadaru Kakwa Kanga Kanuri, Central Karko Katcha-Kadugli-Miri Katla Keiga Keliko Kelo Kenuzi-Dongola Ko Koalib Komo Krongo Lafofa, Laro Logorik Lokoya Lopit Lumun Luwo Mabaan Ma'di Mandari Masalit Midob Mo'da Molo Moro Morokodo Moru Murle Narim Nding Ndogo Ngile Njalgulgule Nobiin Nuer Nyamusa-Molo Olu'bo Opuuo Otoro Otuho Päri Reel Shatt Shilluk Shwai Sinyar Sungor Suri Tagoi Talodi Tegali Temein Tennet Tese Thuri Tigré Tima Tingal Tira Tocho Toposa Tulishi Tumtum Uduk Wali Warnang Yulu Zaghawa Zande
Capital city:
Karthoum
Meaning country name:
From the Arabic Bilad as-Sudan, "Land of the blacks". Originally referred to most of the Sahel region.
Description Flag:
The flag of Sudan (Arabic: علم السودان) was adopted on May 20, 1970, and consists of a red-white-black tricolor with a green triangle next to the hoist. Prior to the 1969 military coup of Gaafar Nimeiry, a blue-yellow-green tricolor design was used.
Red stands for bloodshed against British colonialism and the martyrs of Republic of Sudan.
White stands for purity and optimism.
Black stands for independence struggle.
Green stands for prosperity, and agriculture.
Coat of arms:
The current coat of arms of Sudan was adopted in 1969. It shows a Secretary Bird bearing a shield from the time of Muhammad ibn Abdalla, the self-proclaimed Mahdi who briefly ruled Sudan in the 19th century. Two scrolls are placed on the arms; the upper one displays the national motto, Al-nasr lana ('Victory is ours'), and the lower one displays the title of the state, Jumhuriyat as-Sudan ('Republic of Sudan').
The secretary bird was chosen as a distinctively Sudanese variant of the "Eagle of Saladin" and "Hawk of Qureish" seen in the emblems of some Arab states, and associated with Arab nationalism (see Coat of arms of Egypt etc.).
The pre-1969 Sudanese state emblem consisted of a rhinoceros enclosed by two palm-trees.
Motto:
"Al-Nasr Lana"
National Anthem: نحن جند الله جند الوطن - Nahnu Jund Allah Jund Al-watan
نحن جند الله جند الوطن *** إن دعا داعي الفداء لم نخــن
نتحدى الموت عند المحن *** نشترى المجد بأغلى ثمن
هذه الأرض لنا فليعش *** سوداننا علماً بين الأمم
يابني السودان هذا رمزكم *** يحمل العبء ويحمى أرضكم
Transliterated
Nahnu Djundullah Djundulwatan.
In Da A Da Il Fida Lam Nakhun.
Natahaddal Maut Endalmihan.
Nashta Ril Madjd Bi Aghlathaman.
Hathihil Ard Lana! Falyaish Sudanuna,
Alaman Bayn Al Umam.
Ya Benissudan, Hatharamzukum;
Yah Miluleb, Wa Yahmi Ardakum.
English
"We are the army of God and of our land,
We shall never fail when called to sacrifice.
Whether braving death, hardship or pain,
We'll buy glory, for any given price.
May this Our land, the Sudan live very long,
Showing all nations the way.
Sons of the Sudan, summoned now to serve,
Shoulder the task of preserving our country."
Internet Page: www.sudan.gov.sd
Sudan in diferent languages
eng | bam | cat | dan | dsb | eus | fao | fin | fur | hau | hrv | hsb | ibo | ina | ita | jav | lld | mlt | nor | pol | que | roh | ron | rup | scn | slv | sme | swa | swe | szl | tgl | tur | zza: Sudan
aze | bos | crh | kaa | mol | slo | tuk | uzb: Sudan / Судан
bre | cor | fra | hat | jnf | wln: Soudan
arg | ast | glg | slk | spa: Sudán
deu | ltz | nds: Sudan / Sudan
est | vor | wol: Sudaan
afr | nld: Soedan
frp | oci: Sodan
gla | srd: Sudàn
ind | msa: Sudan / سودان
kin | run: Suda
lin | sqi: Sudani
ces: Súdán
cym: Y Sudan
epo: Sudano
fry: Sûdan
gle: An tSúdáin / An tSúdáin
glv: Yn Toodaan
haw: Sudana
hun: Szudán
isl: Súdan
kmr: Sûdan / Судан / سوودان
kur: Sûdan / سوودان
lat: Sudania
lav: Sudāna
lit: Sudanas
mlg: Sodana
nrm: Sououdaun
por: Sudão
rmy: Sudan / सुदान
smg: Sudans
smo: Sutana
som: Suudaan
tet: Sudaun
ton: Suteni
vie: Xu-đăng
vol: Sudän
zul: iSudana
abq | alt | bul | che | chm | chv | kbd | kir | kjh | kom | krc | kum | mkd | mon | oss | rus | tyv | udm | ukr: Судан (Sudan)
bak | bel | srp | tat: Судан / Sudan
kaz: Судан / Swdan / سۋدان
tgk: Судон / سودان / Sudon
ara: السودان (as-Sūdān)
fas: سودان / Sudân
prs: سودان (Sūdān)
pus: سوډان (Sūḋān); سودان (Sūdān)
uig: سۇدان / Sudan / Судан
urd: سوڈان (Sūḋān)
div: ސޫދާން (Sūdān)
syr: ܣܘܕܢ (Sūdan)
heb: סודן (Sûdan); סודאן (Sûdân)
lad: סודאן / Sudan
yid: סודאַן (Sudan)
amh: ሱዳን (Sudan)
ell: Σουδάν (Soydán)
hye: Սուդան (Soudan)
kat: სუდანი (Sudani)
hin: सूडान (Sūḍān)
ben: সুদান (Sudān)
pan: ਸੂਡਾਨ (Sūḍān)
kan: ಸುಡಾನ್ (Suḍān)
mal: സുഡാന് (Suḍān)
tam: சூடான் (Čūṭāṉ)
tel: సూడాన్ (Sūḍān)
zho: 蘇丹/苏丹 (Sūdān)
jpn: スーダン (Sūdan)
kor: 수단 (Sudan)
bod: སུའུ་ཏན་ (Su'u.tan.); སུའུ་དའན་ (Su'u.d'an.)
mya: ဆူဒန္ (Sʰudã)
tha: ซูดาน (Sūdān)
lao: ສູດັງ (Sūdâṅ)
khm: ស៊ូដង់ (Sūdăṅ)
Sudan / السودان / Sudão
is a country in northeastern Africa. It is the largest country in Africa, and the Arab World, and tenth largest in the world by area. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, Kenya and Uganda to the southeast, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west and Libya to the northwest. The world's longest river, the Nile, divides the country between east and west sides..
Sudan is home to one of the world's oldest continuous major civilizations, with historical and urban settlements dating back to 3000 BC. The people of Sudan have a long history extending from antiquity, which is intertwined with the history of Egypt, with which it was united politically over several periods. After gaining independence from Egypt, and the United Kingdom in 1956, Sudan suffered a civil war, lasting 17 years, subsequently followed by ethnic, religious, and economic conflicts between the Northern Sudanese (with Arab and Nubian roots), and the Christian and animist Nilotes of Southern Sudan. This led to a second civil war in 1983, and due to continuing political and military struggles, Sudan was seized in a bloodless coup d'état by colonel Omar al-Bashir in 1989, who thereafter proclaimed himself President of Sudan.
Sudan then achieved great economic growth by implementing macroeconomic reforms and finally ended the civil war by adopting a new constitution in 2005 with rebel groups in the south, granting them limited autonomy to be followed by a referendum about independence in 2011. Rich in natural resources such as petroleum and crude oil, Sudan's economy is currently amongst the fastest growing economies in the world. The People's Republic of China and Japan are the largest trading partners of Sudan.
However, after an Islamic legal code was introduced on a national level, the ruling National Congress (NCP) established themselves as the sole political party in the state and has since supported the use of recruited Arab militias in guerrilla warfare, such as in the ongoing conflict in Darfur. Because of thousands of people being displaced and killed, the need for humanitarian care in Darfur has attracted worldwide attention, and the conflict has been described as a genocide. Officially a federal presidential representative democratic republic, the politics of Sudan are widely considered by the international community to take place within an authoritarian dictatorship due to the influence of the NCP. These factors led to the termination of diplomatic relations between Sudan and Chad, obstructed humanitarian assistance to the civilian population and has even led to war crimes charges being issued against members of the Sudanese government. On 4 March 2008, the International Criminal Court (ICC) issued an arrest warrant for President Omar al-Bashir on charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity, the first sitting head of state ever indicted by the ICC. Sudan has also been the subject of severe sanctions due to alleged ties with Egyptian Islamic Jihad and al-Qaeda. Sudan has scored low in human development in the last few years, ranking #150 in 2009, between Haiti and Tanzania. Statistics indicate that about 17% of the population live on less than US $1.25 per day.
A member of the United Nations, Sudan also maintains membership with the AU, LAS, OIC and NAM, as well as serving as an observer in WTO.Its capital is Khartoum, which serves as the political, cultural and commercial center of the nation, while Omdurman remains the largest city. Among Sudan's population of 42 million people, Sunni islam is the official and largest religion, while Arabic and English are the official languages.
History
Please go to
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Sudan
Geography
Please go to
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Sudan
Other info
Oficial Name:
جمهورية السودان
Jumhuriyat as-Sudan
Independence:
September 6, 1968
Area:
2.505.810 km2
Inhabitants:
39.110.000
Languages:
Acheron Acholi Afitti Aja Aka Ama Anuak Arabic, Standard Arabic, Sudanese Creole Arabic, Sudanese Spoken Avokaya Bai Baka Banda, Mid-Southern Banda, Togbo-Vara Banda, West Central Banda-Banda Banda-Mbrès Banda-Ndélé Bari Bedawi Belanda Bor Belanda Viri Beli Berta Boguru Bongo Burun Dagik Dair Daju, Dar Fur Daju, Dar Sila Didinga Dilling Dinka, Northeastern Dinka, Northwestern Dinka, South Central Dinka, Southeastern Dinka, Southwestern Domari Dongotono El Hugeirat Feroge Fulfulde, Adamawa Fur Gaam Gbaya Ghulfan Gula Gumuz Hausa Heiban Indri Jumjum Jur Modo Kacipo-Balesi Kadaru Kakwa Kanga Kanuri, Central Karko Katcha-Kadugli-Miri Katla Keiga Keliko Kelo Kenuzi-Dongola Ko Koalib Komo Krongo Lafofa, Laro Logorik Lokoya Lopit Lumun Luwo Mabaan Ma'di Mandari Masalit Midob Mo'da Molo Moro Morokodo Moru Murle Narim Nding Ndogo Ngile Njalgulgule Nobiin Nuer Nyamusa-Molo Olu'bo Opuuo Otoro Otuho Päri Reel Shatt Shilluk Shwai Sinyar Sungor Suri Tagoi Talodi Tegali Temein Tennet Tese Thuri Tigré Tima Tingal Tira Tocho Toposa Tulishi Tumtum Uduk Wali Warnang Yulu Zaghawa Zande
Capital city:
Karthoum
Meaning country name:
From the Arabic Bilad as-Sudan, "Land of the blacks". Originally referred to most of the Sahel region.
Description Flag:
The flag of Sudan (Arabic: علم السودان) was adopted on May 20, 1970, and consists of a red-white-black tricolor with a green triangle next to the hoist. Prior to the 1969 military coup of Gaafar Nimeiry, a blue-yellow-green tricolor design was used.
Red stands for bloodshed against British colonialism and the martyrs of Republic of Sudan.
White stands for purity and optimism.
Black stands for independence struggle.
Green stands for prosperity, and agriculture.
Coat of arms:
The current coat of arms of Sudan was adopted in 1969. It shows a Secretary Bird bearing a shield from the time of Muhammad ibn Abdalla, the self-proclaimed Mahdi who briefly ruled Sudan in the 19th century. Two scrolls are placed on the arms; the upper one displays the national motto, Al-nasr lana ('Victory is ours'), and the lower one displays the title of the state, Jumhuriyat as-Sudan ('Republic of Sudan').
The secretary bird was chosen as a distinctively Sudanese variant of the "Eagle of Saladin" and "Hawk of Qureish" seen in the emblems of some Arab states, and associated with Arab nationalism (see Coat of arms of Egypt etc.).
The pre-1969 Sudanese state emblem consisted of a rhinoceros enclosed by two palm-trees.
Motto:
"Al-Nasr Lana"
National Anthem: نحن جند الله جند الوطن - Nahnu Jund Allah Jund Al-watan
نحن جند الله جند الوطن *** إن دعا داعي الفداء لم نخــن
نتحدى الموت عند المحن *** نشترى المجد بأغلى ثمن
هذه الأرض لنا فليعش *** سوداننا علماً بين الأمم
يابني السودان هذا رمزكم *** يحمل العبء ويحمى أرضكم
Transliterated
Nahnu Djundullah Djundulwatan.
In Da A Da Il Fida Lam Nakhun.
Natahaddal Maut Endalmihan.
Nashta Ril Madjd Bi Aghlathaman.
Hathihil Ard Lana! Falyaish Sudanuna,
Alaman Bayn Al Umam.
Ya Benissudan, Hatharamzukum;
Yah Miluleb, Wa Yahmi Ardakum.
English
"We are the army of God and of our land,
We shall never fail when called to sacrifice.
Whether braving death, hardship or pain,
We'll buy glory, for any given price.
May this Our land, the Sudan live very long,
Showing all nations the way.
Sons of the Sudan, summoned now to serve,
Shoulder the task of preserving our country."
Internet Page: www.sudan.gov.sd
Sudan in diferent languages
eng | bam | cat | dan | dsb | eus | fao | fin | fur | hau | hrv | hsb | ibo | ina | ita | jav | lld | mlt | nor | pol | que | roh | ron | rup | scn | slv | sme | swa | swe | szl | tgl | tur | zza: Sudan
aze | bos | crh | kaa | mol | slo | tuk | uzb: Sudan / Судан
bre | cor | fra | hat | jnf | wln: Soudan
arg | ast | glg | slk | spa: Sudán
deu | ltz | nds: Sudan / Sudan
est | vor | wol: Sudaan
afr | nld: Soedan
frp | oci: Sodan
gla | srd: Sudàn
ind | msa: Sudan / سودان
kin | run: Suda
lin | sqi: Sudani
ces: Súdán
cym: Y Sudan
epo: Sudano
fry: Sûdan
gle: An tSúdáin / An tSúdáin
glv: Yn Toodaan
haw: Sudana
hun: Szudán
isl: Súdan
kmr: Sûdan / Судан / سوودان
kur: Sûdan / سوودان
lat: Sudania
lav: Sudāna
lit: Sudanas
mlg: Sodana
nrm: Sououdaun
por: Sudão
rmy: Sudan / सुदान
smg: Sudans
smo: Sutana
som: Suudaan
tet: Sudaun
ton: Suteni
vie: Xu-đăng
vol: Sudän
zul: iSudana
abq | alt | bul | che | chm | chv | kbd | kir | kjh | kom | krc | kum | mkd | mon | oss | rus | tyv | udm | ukr: Судан (Sudan)
bak | bel | srp | tat: Судан / Sudan
kaz: Судан / Swdan / سۋدان
tgk: Судон / سودان / Sudon
ara: السودان (as-Sūdān)
fas: سودان / Sudân
prs: سودان (Sūdān)
pus: سوډان (Sūḋān); سودان (Sūdān)
uig: سۇدان / Sudan / Судан
urd: سوڈان (Sūḋān)
div: ސޫދާން (Sūdān)
syr: ܣܘܕܢ (Sūdan)
heb: סודן (Sûdan); סודאן (Sûdân)
lad: סודאן / Sudan
yid: סודאַן (Sudan)
amh: ሱዳን (Sudan)
ell: Σουδάν (Soydán)
hye: Սուդան (Soudan)
kat: სუდანი (Sudani)
hin: सूडान (Sūḍān)
ben: সুদান (Sudān)
pan: ਸੂਡਾਨ (Sūḍān)
kan: ಸುಡಾನ್ (Suḍān)
mal: സുഡാന് (Suḍān)
tam: சூடான் (Čūṭāṉ)
tel: సూడాన్ (Sūḍān)
zho: 蘇丹/苏丹 (Sūdān)
jpn: スーダン (Sūdan)
kor: 수단 (Sudan)
bod: སུའུ་ཏན་ (Su'u.tan.); སུའུ་དའན་ (Su'u.d'an.)
mya: ဆူဒန္ (Sʰudã)
tha: ซูดาน (Sūdān)
lao: ສູດັງ (Sūdâṅ)
khm: ស៊ូដង់ (Sūdăṅ)