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Yemen / اَلْيَمَن / Iémen

Officially the Republic of Yemen (Arabic: الجمهورية اليمنية al-Jumhuuriyya al-Yamaniyya) is a country located on the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia. It has an estimated population of more than 23 million people and is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the north, the Red Sea to the west, the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden to the south, and Oman to the east.

Yemen is just under 530,000 km2 in land area. Its territory includes over 200 islands, the largest of which is Socotra, about 415 kilometres (259 miles) to the south of mainland Yemen, off the coast of Somalia. Yemen is the only state in the Arabian Peninsula to have a purely republican form of government. Its capital is Sana'a.

 

History

Please go to

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Yemen

 

Geography

Yemen is in the Arab World, in the southern half of the Arabian Peninsula, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Red Sea. It lies south of Saudi Arabia, and west of Oman.

A number of Red Sea islands, including the Hanish Islands, Kamaran and Perim, as well as Socotra in the Arabian Sea belong to Yemen. Many of the islands are volcanic; for example Jabal al-Tair had a volcanic eruption in 2007 and before that in 1883.

At 527,970 km² (203,837 sq mi), Yemen is the world's 49th-largest country (after France). It is comparable in size to Thailand, and somewhat larger than the U.S. state of California. Yemen is situated at 15°N 48°E / 15°N 48°E / 15; 48.

Until recently, Yemen's northern border was undefined; the Arabian Desert prevented any human habitation there.

The country can be divided geographically into four main regions: the coastal plains in the west, the western highlands, the eastern highlands, and the Rub al Khali in the east.

The Tihamah ("hot lands") form a very arid and flat coastal plain. Despite the aridity, the presence of many lagoons makes this region very marshy and a suitable breeding ground for malarial mosquitoes. There are extensive crescent-shaped sand dunes. The evaporation in the Tihama is so great that streams from the highlands never reach the sea, but they do contribute to extensive groundwater reserves. Today, these are heavily exploited for agricultural use. Near the village of Madar about 48 km North of Sanaa dinosaur footprints were found, indicating that the area was once a mud flat.

The Tihamah ends abruptly at the escarpment of the western highlands. This area, now heavily terraced to meet the demand for food, receives the highest rainfall in Arabia, rapidly increasing from 100 mm (4 inches) per year to about 760 mm (30 inches) in Ta'izz and over 1,000 mm (40 inches) in Ibb.

Agriculture here is very diverse, with such crops as sorghum dominating. Cotton and many fruit trees are also grown, with mangoes being the most valuable. Temperatures are hot in the day but fall dramatically at night. There are perennial streams in the highlands but these never reach the sea because of high evaporation in the Tihama.

The central highlands are an extensive high plateau over 2,000 metres (6,560 feet) in elevation. This area is drier than the western highlands because of rain-shadow influences, but still receives sufficient rain in wet years for extensive cropping. Diurnal temperature ranges are among the highest in the world: ranges from 30 °C (86 °F) in the day to 0 °C (32 °F) at night are normal.[citation needed] Water storage allows for irrigation and the growing of wheat and barley. Sana'a is located in this region. The highest point in Yemen is Jabal an Nabi Shu'ayb, at 3,666 meters (12,028 ft).

The Rub al Khali in the east is much lower, generally below 1,000 metres, and receives almost no rain. It is populated only by Bedouin herders of camels.

 

Other info

Oficial Name:

الجمهورِيّة اليَمَنيّة

Al-jumhuriyah al-Yamaniyyah

 

Unification:

May 22, 1990

 

Area

527.968 km2

 

Inhabitants

24.000.000

 

Languages

Arabic, Hadrami Spoken [ayh] 300,000 in Yemen (1995). Population total all countries: 410,000. Hadramaut. Also spoken in Eritrea, Kenya. Alternate names: Hadromi, Hadrami. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic

More information.

 

Arabic, Judeo-Yemeni [jye] 1,000 in Yemen (1995 H. Mutzafi). Alternate names: Judeo-Yemeni, Yemenite Judeo-Arabic. Dialects: San`a, `Aden, Be:da, Habban. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic

More information.

 

Arabic, Sanaani Spoken [ayn] 7,600,000 (1996). Extends as far south as Dhamar, about 14.4 degrees north. Alternate names: Northern Yemeni Arabic. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic

More information.

 

Arabic, Standard [arb] Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic

More information.

 

Arabic, Ta'izzi-Adeni Spoken [acq] 6,760,000 in Yemen (1996). Population total all countries: 6,869,000. All provinces except 2 eastern and the northeastern ones. Probably a few in United Arab Emirates, Somalia, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia. Also spoken in Djibouti, Eritrea, Kenya, United Kingdom. Alternate names: Southern Yemeni Spoken Arabic. Dialects: Ta'izzi, Adeni. Ta'izzi dialect is the one best-accepted throughout Yemen. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic

More information.

 

Bathari [bhm] Population total all countries: 200. Also spoken in Oman. Alternate names: Bautahari, Botahari, Bathara. Dialects: Close to Mehri. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, South, South Arabian

More information.

 

Mehri [gdq] 70,643 in Yemen (2000). Population total all countries: 135,764. Mahrah Governorate. Also spoken in Kuwait, Oman. Alternate names: Mahri. Dialects: Western Mehri (Mehriyet), Eastern Mehri (Mehriyot). Within the main dialects there are also differences between bedouin and city or village varieties. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, South, South Arabian

More information.

 

Soqotri [sqt] 57,000 in Yemen (1990 census). Population total all countries: 64,000. Mainly in Soqotra Island, hundreds in `Abd al-Kuri island, and about a dozen in Samha Island in the Gulf of Aden. Also spoken in United Arab Emirates. Alternate names: Saqatri, Sokotri, Suqutri, Socotri. Dialects: `Abd Al-Kuri, Southern Soqotri, Northern Soqotri, Central Soqotri, Western Soqotri. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, South, South Arabian

 

Capital City:

Sana'a

 

Country name:

The land of Yemen is one of the oldest centers of civilization in the world. Between 2200 BC and the sixth century AD, it was part of the Sabaean, Awsanian, Minaean, Qatabanian, Hadhramawtian, Himyarite, and some other kingdoms, which controlled the lucrative spice trade. It was known to the ancient Romans as Arabia Felix ("Happy Arabia") because of the riches its trade generated. Augustus Caesar attempted to annex it, but the expedition failed. The Ethiopian Kingdom of Aksum annexed it by around 520, and it was subsequently taken by the Sassanids Persians around 570.

 

In the 3rd century and again and early seventh century, many Sabaean and Himyarite people migrated out of the land of Yemen following the destructions of the Ma'rib Dam (sadd Ma'rib) and migrated to North Africa and the northern part of the Arabian Peninsula. In the 7th century, Islamic caliphs began to exert control over the area. After the caliphate broke up, the former North Yemen came under the control of imams of various dynasties usually of the Zaidi sect, who established a theocratic political structure that survived until modern times. Egyptian Sunni caliphs occupied much of North Yemen throughout the eleventh century. By the sixteenth century and again in the nineteenth century, north Yemen was part of the Ottoman Empire, and during several periods its imams exerted control over south Yemen.

 

In 1839, the British occupied the port of Aden and established it as a colony in September of that year. They also set up a zone of loose alliances (known as protectorates) around Aden to act as a protective buffer. North Yemen became independent of the Ottoman Empire in 1918 and became a republic in 1962. In 1967, the British withdrew and gave back Aden to Yemen due to the extreme pressure of battles with the North and its Egyptian allies. After the British withdrawal, this area became known as South Yemen. The two countries were formally united as the Republic of Yemen on May 22, 1990.

 

Meaning of the flag

The national flag of Yemen (Arabic: علم اليمن‎) was adopted on May 22, 1990, the same day that North Yemen and South Yemen unified. The pattern of red, white and black stripes was also present on the flags of North and South Yemen, symbolizing Pan-Arabism, as are the flags of Egypt, Syria, Iraq among others.

According to the official description, the red stands for the bloodshed of martyrs and unity; the white for a bright future; black for the dark past

 

Coat of arms

The Coat of Arms of Yemen depict a golden eagle with a scroll between its claws. On the scroll is written the name of the country in Arabic: الجمهورية اليمنية or Al-Jumhuriyyah Al-Yamaniyah. The chest of the eagle contains a shield that depicts a coffee plant and the Marib Dam, that are below four blue and three wavy stripes. The flagstaffs on the right and left of the eagle hold the Flag of Yemen

 

Motto:

"Allah, al-Watan, at-Thawra, al-Wehda"

"God, Nation, Revolution, Unity"

 

National Anthem: "United Republic"

 

Arab

 

رددي أيتها الدنيا نشيدي

ردديه و أعيدي و أعيدي

و اذكري في فرحتي كل شهيد

و امنحيه حللاً من ضوء عيدي

رددي أيتها الدنيا نشيدي

عشت إيماني و حبي أممياً

و مسيري فوق دربي عربياً

و سيبقى نبض قلبي يمنياً

لن ترى الدنيا من بعدي وصياً

 

Transliteration

 

Raddidi Ayyatuha 'D-dunya Nashidi

Raddidihi Wa-a 'idi Wa-a idi

Wa 'Dhkuri Fi Farhati Kulla Shahidi

Wa'Mnahihi Hullalan Min Daw'i Idi

Raddidi Ayyatuha 'D-dunya Nashidi

'Ishtu Imani Wa-hubbi Umamiyya

Wa-masiri Fawqa Darbi Arabiyya

Wa-sayabqa Nabdu Qalbi Yamaniyya

Lan Tara 'D-dunya Ala Ardi Wasiyya.

 

English

 

Repeat, O World, my song.

Echo it over and over again.

Remember, through my joy, each martyr.

Clothe him with the shining mantles

Of our festival.

Repeat, O World, my song.

In faith and love I am part of mankind.

An Arab I am in all my life.

My heart beats in tune with Yemen.

No foreigner shall dominate over Yemen

 

Internet Pages

www.yemenparliament.com

www.yementourism.com

 

 

Yemen diferent languages

 

eng | arg | ast | bre | cor | cym | dan | eus | fur | ibo | ina | ita | jnf | lld | ron | rup | spa | srd | tgl | tur | wln | zza: Yemen

afr | ces | csb | dsb | fao | fin | fry | hrv | hsb | hun | isl | mlt | nld | nor | pol | roh | slk | slv | sme | swe: Jemen

crh | gag | kaa | mol: Yemen / Йемен

jav | que | som | wol: Yaman

cat | glg | tet: Iemen

deu | ltz | nds: Jemen / Jemen

kin | run | swa: Yemeni

est | vor: Jeemen

ind | msa: Yaman / يمن

scn | sqi: Jemeni

aze: Yəmən / Јәмән

bam: Yemɛni

bos: Jemen / Јемен

epo: Jemeno

fra: Yémen

frp: Yèmen

gla: Iemen; An Eaman

gle: Éimin / Éimin

glv: Yn Yeaman

hat: Yemèn

hau: Yeman; Yemen

haw: Iemene

kmr: Yemen / Йәмән / یەمەن

kur: Yemen / یەمەن

lat: Iemen; Iemenia; Iemenium

lav: Jemena

lim: Jeme

lin: Yeméni

lit: Jemenas

mlg: Yemena

nrm: Yémène

oci: Iemèn

por: Iémen / Iêmen

rmy: Yemen / येमेन

slo: Jemen / Йемен

smg: Jemens

szl: Jymyn

tuk: Ýemen / Йемен

uzb: Yaman / Яман

vie: Y-ê-men

vol: Yämän

abq | alt | bul | che | chm | chv | kbd | kir | kjh | kom | krc | kum | mon | oss | rus | tyv | udm: Йемен (Jemen)

bak: Йәмән / Yämän

bel: Емен / Jemien; Емэн / Jemen

kaz: Йемен / Yemen / يەمەن

lbe: Яманий (Jamanij)

mkd: Јемен (Jemen)

srp: Јемен / Jemen

tat: Йемен / Yemen

tgk: Яман / یمن / Jaman

ukr: Ємен (Jemen)

ara: اليمن (al-Yaman)

fas: یمن / Yaman

prs: یمن (Yaman)

pus: يمن (Yaman)

snd: یمن (Yaman)

uig: يەمەن / Yemen / Йәмән

urd: یمن (Yaman)

div: ޔެމެން (Yemen)

syr: ܝܡܢ (Yaman)

heb: תימן (Têman)

lad: יימין / Yemen

yid: תימן (Ṫeyman)

amh: የመን (Yämän)

ell-dhi: Υεμένη (Yeménī)

ell-kat: Ὑεμένη (Hyeménī)

hye: Եմեն (Yemen)

kat: იემენი (Iemeni)

hin: यमन (Yaman)

ben: ইয়েমেন (Iyemen)

pan: ਯਮਨ (Yaman)

kan: ಯೆಮೆನ್ (Yemen)

mal: യെമന് (Yeman)

tam: யேமன் (Yēmaṉ); ஏமன் (Ēmaṉ)

tel: యెమెన్ (Yemen)

zho: 也門/也门 (Yěmén)

jpn: イエメン (Iemen)

kor: 예멘 (Yemen)

bod: ཡེ་མེན་ (Ye.men.)

mya: ယီမင္ (Yimĩ)

tha: เยเมน (Yēmēn)

lao: ເຢເມັນ (Yēmen)

khm: យេមែន (Yemæn); យេម៉ែន (Yemæn) ; យេមេន (Yemen)

 

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Uploaded on March 9, 2010