ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា / Cambodia / Camboja

is a country in South East Asia, famous as the successor state of the once powerful Hindu and Buddhist Khmer Empire, which ruled most of the Indochinese Peninsula between the 11th and 14th centuries. Today, the country borders Thailand to its west and northwest, Laos to its northeast and Vietnam to its east and southeast. In the south it faces the Gulf of Thailand. The geography of Cambodia is dominated by the Mekong River (colloquial Khmer: Tonle Thom (ទន្លេធំ) or "the great river") and the Tonlé Sap (ទន្លេសាប; "the fresh water lake"), an important source of fish.

Along with Brunei, Thailand and Malaysia, Cambodia still maintains the monarchy. In 2004, bachelor Norodom Sihamoni was crowned king, succeeding his father Norodom Sihanouk. Phnom Penh is the kingdom's capital and largest city and is the center for industry, political headquarters, tourism services, commercial, economic power and culture for the whole country. Siem Reap is a site for tourism and recreation. Battambang is known for rice production and Sihanoukville is the primary port.

Cambodia has an area of approximately 181,035 square kilometres (69,898 sq mi) and a population of over 14 million ethnic Khmer. A citizen of Cambodia is usually identified as "Cambodian" or "Khmer", though the latter strictly refers to ethnic Khmers. Most Cambodians are Theravada Buddhists of Khmer extraction, but the country also has a substantial number of predominantly Muslim Cham, as well as ethnic Chinese, Vietnamese and small animist hill tribes.

Agriculture has long been the most important sector of the Cambodian economy, with around 59% of the population relying on agriculture for their livelihood (with rice being the principal crop). Garments, tourism, and construction are also important, yielded, foreign visitors to Angkor Wat numbered more than 4 million. In 2005, oil and natural gas deposits were found beneath Cambodia's territorial waters, and once commercial extraction begins in 2011, the oil revenues could profoundly affect Cambodia's economy. Observers fear much of the revenue could end up in the hands of the political elites if not monitored correctly.

 

Etymology

Cambodia is the traditional English name, taken from the French Cambodge, while Kâmpŭchea (កម្ពុជា), formerly the name of the country in English, is the direct transliteration, more faithful to the Khmer pronunciation. The Khmer Kampuchea is derived from the ancient Khmer kingdom of Kambuja (Kambujadeśa (कम्बोजदेश; "Land of Kambuja")). Kambuja or Kamboja (Devangari: कम्बोज) is the ancient Sanskrit name of the Kambojas, an early tribe of north India, named after their founder Kambu Svayambhuva, believed to be a variant of Cambyses. See Etymology of Kamboja.

Preahreachanachâk Kampuchea means "Kingdom of Cambodia". Etymologically, its components are: Preah- ("sacred"); -reach- ("king, royal, realm", from Sanskrit); -ana- (from Pāli āṇā, "authority, command, power", itself from Sanskrit ājñā, same meaning) -châk (from Sanskrit chakra, meaning "wheel", a symbol of power and rule).

The name used on formal occasions, such as political speeches and news programs, is Prâteh Kampuchea (Khmer: ប្រទេសកម្ពុជា), literally "the Country of Cambodia". Prâteh is a formal word meaning "country." The colloquial name most used by Khmer people, is Srok Khmae (Khmer: ស្រុកខ្មែរ), literally "the Khmer Land". Srok is a Mon-Khmer word roughly equal to prâteh, but less formal. Khmer is spelled with a final "r" in the Khmer alphabet, but the word-final "r" phoneme disappeared from most dialects of Khmer in the 19th century and is not pronounced in the contemporary speech of the standard dialect.

Since independence, the official name of Cambodia has changed several times, following the troubled history of the country. The following names have been used in English and French since 1954.

Kingdom of Cambodia/Royaume du Cambodge under the rule of the monarchy from 1953 through 1970;

Khmer Republic/République Khmère under the Lon Nol led government from 1970 to 1975;

Democratic Kampuchea/Kampuchea démocratique under the rule of the communist Khmer Rouge from 1975 to 1979;

People's Republic of Kampuchea/République populaire du Kampuchea under the rule of the Vietnamese-sponsored government from 1979 to 1989;

State of Cambodia/État du Cambodge (a neutral name, while deciding whether to return to monarchy) under the rule of the United Nations transitional authority from 1989 to 1993;

Kingdom of Cambodia/Royaume du Cambodge reused after the restoration of the monarchy in 1993.

 

History

Prehistory

The sparse evidence for a Pleistocene human occupation of present day Cambodia are quartz and quartzite pebble tools found in terraces along Mekong River, in Stung Treng and Kratié provinces, and in Kampot Province, but their dating is not reliable.

Some slight archaeological evidence shows communities of hunter-gatherers inhabited Cambodia during Holocene: the most ancient Cambodian archeological site is considered to be the cave of Laang Spean, in Battambang Province, which belongs to the so-called Hoabinhian period. Excavations in its lower layers produced a series of radiocarbon dates as of 6000 BC.

Upper layers in the same site gave evidence of transition to Neolithic, containing the earliest dated earthenware ceramics in Cambodia.

Archeological records for the period between Holocene and Iron Age remain equally limited. Other prehistoric sites of somewhat uncertain date are Samrong Sen (not far from ancient capital of Oudong), where first investigations started just in 1877, and Phum Snay, in the northern province of Banteay Meanchey.Prehistoric artifacts are often found during mining activities in Ratanakiri.

The most outstanding prehistoric evidence in Cambodia however are probably "circular earthworks", discovered in the red soils near Memot and in adjacent region of Vietnam as of the end of the 1950s. Their function and age are still debated, but some of them possibly date from 2nd millennium BC at least.

A pivotal event in Cambodian prehistory was the slow penetration of the first rice farmers from North, which begun in the late 3rd millennium BC. They probably spoke ancestral Mon-Khmer.

Iron was worked by about 500 BC. The most part of evidence come from Khorat Plateau, Thai country nowadays. In Cambodia some Iron Age settlement were found beneath Angkorian temples, like Baksei Chamkrong, others were circular earthworks, like Lovea, a few kilometers north-west of Angkor. Burials, much richer, testify improvement of food availability and trade (even on long distances: in the 4th century BC trade relations with India were already opened) and the existence of a social structure and labor organization.

 

Pre-Angkorian and Angkorian polities

During the 3rd, 4th, and 5th centuries, the Indianised states of Funan and Chenla coalesced in what is now present-day Cambodia and southwestern Vietnam. These states are assumed by most scholars to have been Khmer. For more than 2,000 years, Cambodia absorbed influences from India and China passing them on to other Southeast Asian civilisations that are now Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos. The Khmer Empire flourished in the area from the 9th to the 13th century. Around the 13th century, Theravada Buddhism was introduced to the area through monks from Sri Lanka. From then on Theravada Buddhism grew and eventually became the most popular religion. The Khmer Empire declined yet remained powerful in the region until the 15th century. The empire's centre of power was Angkor, where a series of capitals was constructed during the empire's zenith. Angkor could have supported a population of up to one million people. Angkor, the world's largest pre-industrial civilization[citation needed], and Angkor Wat, the most famous and best-preserved religious temple at the site, are reminders of Cambodia's past as a major regional power.

 

Dark ages of Cambodia

After a long series of wars with neighbouring kingdoms, Angkor was sacked by the Thai and abandoned in 1432 because of ecological failure and infrastructure breakdown. The court moved the Capital to Lovek where the kingdom sought to regain its glory through maritime trade. The attempt was short-lived, however, as continued wars with the Thai and Vietnamese resulted in the loss of more territory and Lovek was conquered in 1594. During the next three centuries, the Khmer kingdom alternated as a vassal state of the Thai and Vietnamese kings, with short-lived periods of relative independence between.

Modernity and French Indochina

In 1863, King Norodom, who had been installed by Thailand, sought the protection of France from the Thai and Vietnamese, after tensions grew between them. In 1867, the Thai king signed a treaty with France, renouncing suzerainty over Cambodia in exchange for the control of Battambang and Siem Reap provinces which officially became part of Thailand. The provinces were ceded back to Cambodia by a border treaty between France and Thailand in 1906.

Cambodia continued as a protectorate of France from 1863 to 1953, administered as part of the colony of French Indochina, though occupied by the Japanese empire from 1941 to 1945. After King Norodom's death in 1904, France manipulated the choice of king and Sisowath, Norodom's brother, was placed on the throne. The throne became vacant in 1941 with the death of Monivong, Sisowath's son, and France passed over Monivong's son, Monireth, feeling he was too independently minded. Instead, Norodom Sihanouk, who was eighteen years old at the time, was enthroned. The French thought young Sihanouk would be easy to control. They were wrong, however, and under the reign of King Norodom Sihanouk, Cambodia gained independence from France on November 9, 1953.

Cambodia became a constitutional monarchy under King Norodom Sihanouk. When French Indochina was given independence, Cambodia lost official control over the Mekong Delta as it was awarded to Vietnam. The area had been controlled by the Vietnamese since 1698 with King Chey Chettha II granting Vietnamese permission to settle in the area decades before.

 

Independence and Cold War

In 1955, Sihanouk abdicated in favour of his father in order to be elected Prime Minister. Upon his father's death in 1960, Sihanouk again became head of state, taking the title of Prince. As the Vietnam War progressed, Sihanouk adopted an official policy of neutrality in the Cold War. However, Cambodians began to take sides, and he was ousted in 1970 by a military coup led by Prime Minister General Lon Nol and Prince Sisowath Sirik Matak with the back-up support of the United States, while on a trip abroad. Settling in the next alternative country, Beijing, China, Sihanouk was forced to realign himself with the Chinese communist. Soon the Khmer Rouge rebels would use him for gaining territory in the regions. The King urged his followers to help in overthrowing the pro-United States government of Lon Nol, hastening the onset of civil war.

Between 1969 and 1973, Republic of Vietnam forces and U.S. forces bombed and briefly invaded Cambodia in an effort to disrupt the Viet Cong and Khmer Rouge. Some two million Cambodians were made refugees by the war and fled to Phnom Penh. Estimates of the number of Cambodians killed during the bombing campaigns vary widely, as do views of the effects of the bombing. The US Seventh Air Force argued that the bombing prevented the fall of Phnom Penh in 1973 by killing 16,000 of 25,500 Khmer Rouge fighters besieging the city. However, journalist William Shawcross and Cambodia specialists Milton Osborne, David P. Chandler and Ben Kiernan argued that the bombing drove peasants to join the Khmer Rouge. Cambodia specialist Craig Etcheson argued that the Khmer Rouge "would have won anyway", even without US intervention driving recruitment although the US secretly played a major role behind the leading cause of the Khmer Rouge.

As the war ended, a draft US AID report observed that the country faced famine in 1975, with 75% of its draft animals destroyed, and that rice planting for the next harvest would have to be done "by the hard labour of seriously malnourished people". The report predicted that

"Without large-scale external food and equipment assistance there will be widespread starvation between now and next February ... Slave labour and starvation rations for half the nation's people (probably heaviest among those who supported the republic) will be a cruel necessity for this year, and general deprivation and suffering will stretch over the next two or three years before Cambodia can get back to rice self-sufficiency".[

The Khmer Rouge reached Phnom Penh and took power in 1975. The regime, led by Pol Pot, changed the official name of the country to Democratic Kampuchea, and was heavily influenced and backed by China. They immediately evacuated the cities and sent the entire population on forced marches to rural work projects. They attempted to rebuild the country's agriculture on the model of the 11th century, discarded Western medicine, and destroyed temples, libraries, and anything considered Western. Over a million Cambodians, out of a total population of 8 million, died from executions, overwork, starvation and disease.

Estimates as to how many people were killed by the Khmer Rouge regime range from approximately one to three million. This era gave rise to the term Killing Fields, and the prison Tuol Sleng became notorious for its history of mass killing. Hundreds of thousands fled across the border into neighbouring Thailand. The regime disproportionately targeted ethnic minority groups. The Cham Muslims suffered serious purges with as much as half of their population exterminated. In the late 1960s, an estimated 425,000 ethnic Chinese lived in Cambodia, but by 1984, as a result of Khmer Rouge genocide and emigration, only about 61,400 Chinese remained in the country. The professions, such as doctors, lawyers, and teachers, were also targeted. According to Robert D. Kaplan, "eyeglasses were as deadly as the yellow star" as they were seen as a sign of intellectualism.

In November 1978, Vietnam invaded Cambodia to stop Khmer Rouge incursions across the border and the genocide in Cambodia. Violent occupation and warfare between the Vietnamese and Khmer Rouge holdouts continued throughout the 1980s. Peace efforts began in Paris in 1989, culminating two years later in October 1991 in a comprehensive peace settlement. The United Nations was given a mandate to enforce a ceasefire, and deal with refugees and disarmament.

 

Geography

Cambodia has an area of 181,035 square kilometers (69,898 sq mi) and lies entirely within the tropics. It borders Thailand to the north and west, Laos to the northeast, and Vietnam to the east and southeast. It has a 443-kilometer (275 mi) coastline along the Gulf of Thailand.

The most distinctive geographical feature is the lacustrine plain, formed by the inundations of the Tonle Sap (Great Lake), measuring about 2,590 square kilometers (1,000 sq mi) during the dry season and expanding to about 24,605 square kilometers (9,500 sq mi) during the rainy season. This densely populated plain, which is devoted to wet rice cultivation, is the heartland of Cambodia. Much of this area has been designated as a biosphere reserve.

Most (about 75%) of the country lies at elevations of less than 100 metres (330 ft) above sea level, the exceptions being the Cardamom Mountains (highest elevation 1,813 m / 5,948 ft) and their southeast extension the Dâmrei Mountains ("Elephant Mountains") (elevation range 500–1,000 m or 1,640–3,280 ft), as well the steep escarpment of the Dângrêk Mountains (average elevation 500 m / 1,640 ft) along the border with Thailand's Isan region. The highest elevation of Cambodia is Phnom Aoral, near Pursat in the center of the country, at 1,813 meters (5,948 ft).

 

Other Info

Oficial name:

Preăh Réachéanachâkr Kâmpŭchea

Kingdom of Cambodia

 

Independence:

from France 1953

- from Vietnam 1989

 

Area:

178.035km2

 

Inhabitants:

14.488.000

 

Language:

Brao [brb] 5,286 in Cambodia (1980 Diffloth). Northeastern Cambodia on the Laos border, Ratanakiri Province. Alternate names: Braou, Proue, Brou, Love, Lave, Laveh. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Bahnaric, West Bahnaric, Brao-Kravet

More information.

 

Cham, Western [cja] 220,000 in Cambodia (1992 govt. figure). Population total all countries: 253,100. Near the major cities and along the Mekong. Also spoken in Australia, France, Indonesia, Libya, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, USA, Viet Nam, Yemen. Alternate names: Cambodian Cham, Tjam, Cham, New Cham. Dialects: The language differs somewhat from Eastern Cham of central Viet Nam. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Malayic, Achinese-Chamic, Chamic, South, Coastal, Cham-Chru

More information.

 

Chong [cog] 5,000 in Cambodia. Population total all countries: 5,500. Thai-Cambodia border southeast of Chantaburi, Pursat Province. Also spoken in Thailand. Alternate names: Chawng, Shong, Xong. Dialects: Somray in Cambodia is a separate but related language. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Pearic, Western, Chong

More information.

 

English [eng] Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, West, English

More information.

 

French [fra] Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Gallo-Romance, Gallo-Rhaetian, Oïl, French

More information.

 

Jarai [jra] 15,000 in Cambodia (1998). Ratanakiri Province, principally the districts of Bokeo, Andons, Meas, O Yadou, along northeast border near Viet Nam. Alternate names: Djarai, Gia-Rai, Jorai, Cho-Rai, Chor, Mthur, Chrai, Gio-Rai. Dialects: Puan, Hodrung (Hdrung), Jhue, Aráp, Habau (Ho-Bau), To-Buan, Sesan, Chuty, Pleikly, Golar. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Malayic, Achinese-Chamic, Chamic, South, Plateau

More information.

 

Kaco' [xkk] 2,000 (1992 G. Diffloth). Ratanakiri Province. Alternate names: Kachah'. Dialects: Not intelligible to Tampuan speakers. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Bahnaric, Central Bahnaric

More information.

 

Khmer, Central [khm] 12,110,065 in Cambodia (2004). Population total all countries: 13,276,639. Throughout the country. Also spoken in Canada, China, France, Laos, USA, Viet Nam. Alternate names: Khmer, Cambodian. Dialects: Distinct from Northern Khmer of Thailand. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Khmer

More information.

 

Kraol [rka] 2,600 (1992 G. Diffloth). Kratie Province. Dialects: Not intelligible to Mnong speakers. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Bahnaric, South Bahnaric, Sre-Mnong, Mnong, Southern-Central Mnong

More information.

 

Kravet [krv] 3,012 (1988 govt. figure). Northeastern Cambodia. Alternate names: Kowet, Khvek, Kavet. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Bahnaric, West Bahnaric, Brao-Kravet

More information.

 

Kru'ng 2 [krr] 9,368 (1982 G. Diffloth). Northeastern, Ratanakiri Province and eastern Stung Treng. Alternate names: Krueng. Dialects: Brao, Kravet, Krung 2 in Cambodia are inherently intelligible with each other. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Bahnaric, West Bahnaric, Brao-Kravet

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Kuy [kdt] 15,495 in Cambodia (1989). Northeastern Cambodia, most districts of Preah Vihear, eastern Siem Reap, northern Kampong Thom, western Stung Traeng, and several areas of Kratie Province. Alternate names: Kuay. Dialects: Kuy Antra, Kuy Anthua, Kuy May (Kuy Ma'ay), Kuy Mlor. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Katuic, West Katuic, Kuay-Nheu

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Lamam [lmm] 1,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Near northeast corner on the Viet Nam border. Alternate names: Lmam. Dialects: Related to Bahnar, Tampuan, Alak 1. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Bahnaric, Central Bahnaric

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Mnong, Central [cmo] 20,000 in Cambodia (2002). Northeastern, 80% of Mondolkiri Province, all districts. Alternate names: Phong, Phnong, Bunong, Budong, Phanong. Dialects: Biat, Preh, Bu Nar, Bu Rung, Dih Bri, Bu Dang. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Bahnaric, South Bahnaric, Sre-Mnong, Mnong, Southern-Central Mnong

More information.

 

Pear [pcb] 1,300 (1988 govt.). Southwestern, Kompong Thom. Alternate names: Por, Kompong Thom. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Pearic, Eastern

More information.

 

Samre [sxm] 50 (2000 D. Bradley). Ethnic population: 200 (2000 D. Bradley). Just north of Siemreap. Dialects: Related to Sa'och, Suoy, Pear. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Pearic, Western, Samre

More information.

 

Sa'och [scq] 500 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Southwest near Kompong Som on the coast. Alternate names: Sauch, Saotch. Dialects: Related to Samre, Suoy, Pear. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Pearic, Western, Chong

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Somray [smu] 2,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). West; north, east, and west of Phum Tasanh, and Tanyong River around Phum Pra Moi; 2 areas. Dialects: Related to Chong. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Pearic, Western, Samre

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Stieng, Bulo [sti] 6,059 in Cambodia (2000 WCD). Eastern, Kratie Province, Snuol District, and southern Mondolkiri. Alternate names: Kajiang. Dialects: Budip, Bulo. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Bahnaric, South Bahnaric, Stieng-Chrau

More information.

 

Suoy [syo] 200 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Central, northwest of Phnom Penh. Dialects: Related to Sa'och, Samre, Pear. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Pearic, Western, Suoy

More information.

 

Tampuan [tpu] 25,000 (1998). Northeast border area, south of Brao, west of Jarai, Central Ratanakiri Province. Alternate names: Tamphuan, Tampuen, Tampuon, Kha Tampuon, Campuon, Proon, Proons. Dialects: Related to Bahnar, Lamam, Alak 1, but geographically separated. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Bahnaric, Central Bahnaric

 

Capital city:

Phnom Penh

 

Meaning of country name:

The name "Cambodia" derives from that of the ancient Khmer kingdom of Kambuja (Kambujadesa). The ancient Sanskrit name Kambuja or Kamboja referred to an early Indo-Iranian tribe, the Kambojas, named after the founder of that tribe, Kambu Svayambhuva, apparently a variant of Cambyses, Kambujiya or Kamboja. See Etymology of Kamboja.

Kampuchea (local name): derived in the same fashion. It also served as the official English-language name from 1975 to 1989.

 

Description Flag:

The national flag of Cambodia was readopted in 1993, after elections returned the monarchy to rule.

Since around 1850, the Cambodian flag has featured a depiction of Angkor Wat in the center. The current flag, with a blue border and red central (the stripes are in the ratio 1:2:1) was adopted following Cambodia's independence in 1948. It was used until October 9, 1970, when a new flag was introduced for Lon Nol's Khmer Republic. The subsequent state of Democratic Kampuchea, which existed from 1975 to 1979, used a red flag with the Angkor Wat design retained in yellow. When the People's Republic of Kampuchea was established in 1979 the flag was modified slightly. Other flags were used from 1989-1991 and 1992-1993, in the latter case an UNTAC flag. In 1993 the original flag was readopted.

 

Coat of arms:

The royal coat of arms of the Kingdom of Cambodia are the symbol of the Cambodian monarchy. They have existed in some form close to the one depicted since the establishment of the independent Kingdom of Cambodia in 1953. It is the symbol on the Royal Standard of the reigning monarch of Cambodia, Norodom Sihamoni (ascended 2004).

Description

Depicted on the coat of arms are two mythical animals which are a gajasimha on the left, a lion with an elephant trunk, and a singha, a lion, on the right. Supported by the animals, are two five-tiered parasols. In between is a royal crown with a ray of light at its top. Beneath the crown are two pedestaled platters layered on top of each other with a sacred sword and a Khmer version of the symbol for Aum sitting on top. The Khmer language phrase on the bottom the royal coat of arms translates to: preah'jao (royal or auspicious ruler) - krung (area, or in this case, kingdom) - Kampuchea (Cambodia), thus, King of the Kingdom of Cambodia.

History

The arms were discontinued with the overthow of the monarchy during the Khmer Republic era (1970-1975) and remained in disguise during Democratic Kampuchea (i.e., Khmer Rouge era: 1975-1979), the People's Republic of Kampuchea (1979-1989), and the State of Cambodia (1989-1993). They have since been resurrected for official use with the restoration of the monarchy under Norodom Sihanouk in Cambodia in 1993.

 

Motto:

"Nation, Religion, King"

 

National Anthem: Nokoreach

 

សូមពួកទេវត្តាថែរក្សាមហាក្សត្រយើង

ឱយបានរុងរឿងដោយជ័យមង្គលសិរីសួស្តី

យើងខ្ញុំព្រះអង្គសូមជ្រកក្រោមម្លប់ព្រះបារមី

នៃព្រះនរបតីវង្សក្សត្រាដែលសាងប្រាសាទថ្ម

គ្រប់គ្រងដែនខ្មែរបូរាណថ្កើងថ្កាន។

ប្រាសាទសីលាកំបាំងកណ្តាលព្រៃ

គួរឱយស្រមៃនឹកដល់យសស័ក្តិមហានគរ

ជាតិខ្មែរដូចថ្មគង់វង្សនៅល្អរឹងប៉ឹងជំហរ

យើងសង្ឃឹមពរភ័ព្វព្រេងសំណាងរបស់កម្ពុជា

មហារដ្ឋកើតមានយូរអង្វែងហើយ។

គ្រប់វត្តអារាមឮតែសូរស័ព្ទធម៌

សូត្រដោយអំណររំឮកគុណពុទ្ធសាសនា

ចូរយើងជាអ្នកជឿជាក់ស្មោះស្ម័គ្រតាមបែបដូនតា

គង់តែទេវត្តានឹងជួយជ្រោមជ្រែងផ្គត់ផ្គង់ប្រយោជន៍ឱយ

ដល់ប្រទេសខ្មែរជាមហានគរ។

 

Som pouk tepda rak sa moha khsath yeung

Oy ben roung roeung doy chey monkol srey soursdey

Yeung Khnom preah ang som chrok Krom molup preah Baromey

Ney preah Noropdey vong Khsattra del sang preah sat thm¬r

Kroup Kraung dèn Khmer borann thkoeung thkann.

 

Prasath séla kombang kan dal prey

Kuor oy sr¬may noeuk d¬l yuos sak Moha Nokor

Cheat Khmer dauch Thmar kong vong n¬y l¬ar rung peung chom hor.

Yeung sang Khim por pheap preng samnang robuos Kampuchea.

Moha r¬th koeut mien you ang veanh hey.

 

Kroup vath aram lu tè so sap thoeur

Sot doy am no rom lik koun poth sasna

Chol yeung chea neak thioeur thiak smos smak tam bep donnta

Kong tè thévoda nùng chuoy chrom chrèng phkot phkang pra yoch oy

Dol prateah Khmer chea Moha Nokor

 

English Translation

 

Heaven protects our King

And gives him happiness and glory

To reign over our souls and our destinies,

The one being, heir of the Sovereign builders,

Guiding the proud old Kingdom.

 

 

Temples are asleep in the forest,

Remembering the splendour of Moha Nokor.

Like a rock the Khmer race is eternal.

Let us trust in the fate of Cambodia,

The empire which challenges the ages.

 

 

Songs rise up from the pagodas

To the glory of holy Buddhist faith.

Let us be faithful to our ancestors' belief.

Thus heaven will lavish its bounty

Towards the ancient Khmer country, the Moha Nokor.

 

Internet Page: www.cambodia-tourism.org

www.cambodia.gov.kh

 

Cambodia in diferent languages

 

eng | cym: Cambodia

ces | dsb | est | hrv | hsb | lav | lit | slk | slv | szl | vor: Kambodža

bre | fao | fry | mlt | swe: Kambodja

cor | kin | run: Kamboji

dan | lim | nld: Cambodja

deu | ltz | nds: Kambodscha / Kambodſcha

ibo | mlg | wol: Kambodia

ita | lld | rup: Cambogia

ast | spa: Camboya

ina | ron: Cambodgia

jav | tet: Kamboja

kaa | uzb: Kambodja / Камбоджа

afr: Kambodja; Kampuchea

arg: Campuchia; Kampuchia; Cambocha

aze: Kamboca / Камбоҹа; Kamboçiya / Камбочија

bam: Kambɔji

bos: Kambodža / Камбоџа

cat: Cambodja; Cambotja

cos: Campuccià

crh: Kamboçiya / Камбочия

csb: Kambòdżô

epo: Kamboĝo

eus: Kanbodia; Kanputxea

fin: Kambodža / Kambodzha

fra: Cambodge

frp: Cambodg•e

fur: Cambogje

gla: Cambuidea; Campuitìa; Cambodia

gle: An Chambóid / An Ċambóid

glg: Camboxa

glv: Yn Chamboyd

hat: Kanbòdj

hun: Kambodzsa

ind: Kamboja / كمبوجا

isl: Kambódía

jnf: Cambodge; Cambodia

kmr: Kamboca / Камбоща / کامبۆجا

kur: Kamboçya / کامبۆچیا

lat: Cambodia; Cambosia

lin Kamboji; Kambodji; Kambozi

mol: Cambodgia / Камбоӂия

mri: Kamapōtia

msa: Kemboja / كمبوجا

nor: Kambodsja

nrm: Caumboudge

oci: Cambòtja

pol: Kambodża

por: Camboja

que: Kambuya

rmy: Kambojiya / काम्बोजिया

roh: Cambodscha

scn: Camboggia

slo: Kambogxia / Камбоджиа

sme: Kampučea

smg: Kambuodža

smo: Kamepotia

som: Kamboodiya

sqi: Kamboxhia

srd: Cambòdia

swa: Kampuchea

tgl: Kambodya

ton: Kamapusia

tuk: Kamboja / Камбоҗа; Kamboçiýa / Камбочия

tur: Kamboçya; Kamboç; Kambodya

vie: Căm Bốt; Cam Bốt; Cam-pu-chia

vol: Kambocän

wln: Cambodje

zza: Kamboçya

abq | alt | bul | che | chm | kjh | kom | krc | kum | rus | tyv | udm | ukr: Камбоджа (Kambodža)

bak: Камбоджа / Kambodja

bel: Камбоджа / Kambodža

chv: Камбоджӑ (Kambodžă)

kaz: Камбоджа / Kambodja / كامبودجا

kbd: Камбоджэ (Kambodžă)

kir: Камбоджа (Kambodǧa)

mkd: Камбоџа (Kambodža)

mon: Камбож (Kamboǧ); Кампучи (Kampuči)

oss: Камбоджӕ (Kambodžä)

srp: Камбоџа / Kambodža

tat: Камбоджа / Kamboca

tgk: Камбоҷа / کمباجه / Kamboça

ara: كمبوديا (Kambūdiyā); كامبوديا (Kāmbūdiyā); كمبوتشيا (Kambūtšiyā); الكامبوج (al-Kambūǧ); الكامبودج (al-Kambūdǧ)

fas: کامبوج (Kāmboj); کامبوژ (Kāmbož)

prs: کمبوجیا (Kambōjiyā); کمبودیا (Kambōdiyā)

pus: کمبوډيا (Kamboḋiyā); کمبوديا (Kambodiyā)

uig: كامبوجا / Kamboja / Камбоджа

urd: کمبوڈیا (Kamboḋiyā)

div: ކެމްބޯޑިއާ (Kembōḋi'ā)

heb: קמבודיה (Qambôdyah); קאמבודיה (Qâmbôdyah); קמבוג׳יה (Qambôjyah)

lad: קאמבוג'ה / Kambodja

yid: קאַמבאָדזשע (Kambodže)

amh: ካምቦዲያ (Kambodiya); ካምቦድያ (Kambodya)

ell: Καμπότζη (Kampótzī); Καμπόδζη (Kampódzī)

hye: Կամբոջա (Kamboǧa); Քամբոջա (Ḳamboǧa)

kat: კამბოჯა (Kamboǧa)

hin: कंबोडिया (Kaṁboḍiya); कम्बोडिया (Kamboḍiyā); कम्पूचिया (Kampūčiyā)

mar: कम्बोडिया (Kamboḍiyā)

ben: কম্বোডিয়া (Kômboḍiyā); কাম্বোজ (Kāmbojô); কাম্বোজিয়া (Kāmbojiyā)

guj: કમ્બોડિયા (Kamboḍiyā)

pan: ਕੰਬੋਡੀਆ (Kaṁboḍīā)

kan: ಕಾಂಬೋಡಿಯ (Kāṁbōḍiya)

mal: കംബോഡിയ (Kaṁbōḍiya); കമ്പോഡിയ (Kampōḍiya); കന്പോഡിയ (Kanpōḍiya)

tam: கம்போடியா (Kampōṭiyā)

tel: కంబోడియా (Kaṁbōḍiyā)

zho: 柬埔寨 (Jiǎnbùzhài)

yue: 柬埔寨 (Gáanpóuchoi)

jpn: カンボディア (Kanbodia); カンボジア (Kanbojia)

kor: 캄보디아 (Kambodia)

bod: ཁམ་བ་ཛ་ (Kʰam.ba.dza.); ཁམ་པོ་ཛ་ (Kʰam.po.dza.); ཅིའན་ཕུ་ཀྲེ་ (Č'in.pʰu.kre.); ཇན་ཕུ་ཀྲེ་ (Jan.pʰu.kre.)

dzo: ཀམ་བོ་ཌི་ཡ་ (Kam.bo.ḍi.ya.)

mya: ကမ္ဗောဒီးယား (Kãbɔ̀dìyà)

tha: กัมพูชา (Kâmpūčʰā)

lao: ກຳພູຊາ (Kāṁpʰūsā); ກຳປູເຈັຽ (Kāṁpūčiẏa)

khm: កម្ពុជា (Kampučā)

 

Done