Pioneer H L Moore Thetford KiA 1917

The edition of the Norwich Mercury dated Saturday September 29 1917 included this picture along with the caption Pioneer H. L.(?) Moore, brother of Mrs E. Carr, 19 Bury Road, Thetford, killed in action on August 21st.

 

The only likely match on the Commonwealth War Graves Commission website is:-

 

Private MOORE, HERBERT LEONARD

Service Number:………… 1000931

Died:………………………...... 21/08/1917

Aged:………………………..... 36

Unit:……………………….........27th Bn., Canadian Infantry

Remembered…………….…VIMY MEMORIAL

Son of the late James and Sarah Moore; husband of Blanche H. Moore, of Carberry, Manitoba.

CWGC: www.cwgc.org/search-for-war-dead/casualty/1572044/

 

No match on Picture Norfolk, the County Image Archive.

 

The Canadian National Archive has digitised the service record of 1000931 Herbert Leonard Moore, born 4th November 1882. It can be seen here:-

www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/military-heritage/first-wo...

 

Herbert Leonard Moore, a married Painter born London, England, enlisted at Carberry, Manitoba on March 6th 1916. He was living then at Carberry with his wife Blanche Moore. He had no previous military experience. He was described as 34 years old, 5 feet 10 inches tall, of a Dark complexion and with Dark hair and Brown eyes. He had no distinguishing marks. He was initially posted to the 226th Battalion.

 

Herbert sailed from Halifax on the 13th December 1916 on the S.S. Olympic, bound for Europe. Like most of the battalion arriving from Canada at this stage of the way, the 226th Battalion was broken up and its men used as reinforcements for existing units already in the field. Initially transferred to the 14th Reserve Battalion, Herbert joined up with the 27th Battalion in France on the 7th June 1917.

 

Herbert was Killed in Action on the 21st August 1917.

 

His medals were sent post war to his widow, Mrs. Blanche H. Moore, of Box 174, Carberry, Manitoba. However his next of kin at that point is also shown to include his mother, Mrs Sarah Reynolds, of North Elmham, Norfolk. Blanche’s War Widows pension does not appear to include any children.

 

4th November 1882 – Birth……………

 

This is the date of birth shown in his service records. However the nearest match in the Civil Records for England and Wales is a a Herbert Leonard Moore whose birth was registered in the October to December quarter, (Q4), of 1881. That would tie in with the ages of the individual identified on the 1891 and 1901 census of England and Wales.

 

1891 Census of England and Wales

 

The most likely match for Herbert and his mother, based on the information on the 1901 and 1911 censuses, were recorded living at Garvestone, Norfolk. This was the household of James, (aged 50, a Retired Policeman, born Dereham, Norfolk) and Sarah Moore, (aged 44, born Lambeth, London). Living with them are their children:-

Kate……….aged 24…….born North Elmham, Norfolk

Frederick….aged 15…….born Hackney, London..Agricultural Labourer

May……….aged 12…….born Hackney, London

Herbert……aged 9………born Hackney, London

Rose………aged 6………born Hackney, London

Lilly………aged 3………born Hackney, London

 

1901 Census of England and Wales

 

Based on the information on the 1911 census, the most likely match is a 54 year old Sarah S Moore, born Lambeth, London. Living with her are her children Herbert L., (19, Blacksmith, born Homerton, London), Lily, (13, Homerton, London). They were all living at Swanton Road, Worthing, Norfolk.

 

In May 1904 the passenger list of the ship Ionian, bound for Quebec, included a 22 year old Englishman, Herbert L Moore, a Blacksmith last resident in Norfolk. He was heading for Carberry, Manitoba.

www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:2Q3Q-K87

 

1911 Census of England and Wales

 

There is a 64 year old Sarah Reynolds, both Lambeth, London, who was recorded living at Primrose House, Gately, Elmham, Norfolk. She lives there with her husband of 6 years, Charles, a General Farm Labourer, born “Beccles”(?), ‘Norfolk’ – Beccles is (just) in Suffolk.

 

The marriage of a Charles Reynolds to a Sarah Susanna Moore was recorded in the Mitford District of Norfolk in the January to March quarter, (Q1), of 1905. Mitford District would have included Gately and (North) Elmham.

 

I could not find a likely match for Herbert and Blanche on either the 1906 or 1916 census of Canada, nor could I find a likely match anywhere in Canada for a marriage.

 

The caption for the photograph gives Herberts’ sister as Mrs E. Carr, of Bury Road, Thetford. The social norm of the time was for married woman to call themselves by their husbands initials.

The most likely candidate on this census is a 40 year old Clara Carr, a Midwife born Hackney, London, who was living with her husband Edward Ezra Carr, at 59 Bury Road, Thetford. The couple have been married 6 years and have had 2 children. The most likely marriage was that of an Edward Ezra C Carr to a Clara Moore which was recorded in the Thetford District in the July to September quarter, (Q3), of 1904.

 

 

On the day…………………………….

Battalion War Diary.

 

21st August 1917. Laurent Sector.

 

Battalion in Front Line, Chicory Trench, LAURENT SECTOR. Weather fair. Wind South. Zero hour set for 4.35. A.M. White tape placed for jumping-off position, and Companies assembled in fighting formation; A on right, B on centre and C on left, D Company in Support. Before 3 a.m. enemy artillery active, apparently expecting trouble. Barrage came down at 4.35 A.M., well placed and very heavy. Centre Company, after heavy fighting, held up by concrete strong-point. Other Companies got through, but with very severe casualties. 50th Battalion on right did not get up. 29th Battalion on left got to objective on our immediate left, but could not establish themselves on the rest of their sector. Reserve Company sent up immediately to support centre and right Companies, and Company of 28th called on to replace them in Support. Severe hand to hand fighting kept up all day. Spirit of Officers and Men superb. The Huns thrown back ay every attempted counter attack. Before noon enemy had succeeded in gaining foot-hold on 29th trench, and our left Company had to withdraw to keep in touch. Useless to retain salient on right held by A Coy – and orders issued for withdrawal at dark. In the mean time, bombs and supplies rushed up through 28th Battn Carrying Party and heavy casualties inflicted on Hun. Well planned and careful withdrawal made after dusk. Succeeded in taking over 40 prisoners and otherwise punishing the enemy. Narratives of Operation attached.

 

Casualties for this Operation.

 

Killed in Action:-

3 Officers

30 Other Ranks

 

Died of Wounds:-

2 Other Ranks

 

Wounded:-

7 Officers

241 Other Ranks

 

Missing

1 Officer

13 Other Ranks

 

Wounded at Duty

3 Officers

6 Other Ranks

 

Total Casualties all Ranks = 305

 

22nd August 1917. Laurent Sector.

 

Battalion in Front Line, LAURENT SECTOR. Weather fair. Wind South. Day proved quiet, and a number of parties sent up to clear up battlefield. Wounded all taken out, and dead sent back for burial. Relieved by 116th Battalion, relief complete 1.15 A.M. Battalion move to billets in FOSSE 10. Operation Order No.180 for relief by 116th Battalion. Reports on Operation attached. Temporary Defence Scheme Attached.

 

Appendix: A Coy. 27th (City of Winnipeg) Battalion.

 

Narrative of Operation on August 21st 1917.

 

The report of Lieut. J. M. Mackie, commanding the left Platoon of the Company, is attached hereto.

 

At 2.55 A.M. the Company was occupying the jumping off positions. No.4 Platoon under Lieut. Mackie on the left, No.2 Platoon with Lieut. H.R. Tyrrell on right, and No.1 Platoon as “moppers up” under Lieut. W.B. Wilton.The position of the first wave had been laid out by tape about 120 yards in front of CHICORY TRENCH. Between 3.30 A.M. and the Zero Hour (4.35 A.M.) the Germans heavily shelled our front line and the ground in front at intervals of 15 minutes for periods of about 3 minutes. The men were “dug in” in shell holes and well protected so that only two or three casualties occurred before zero – one of these was Lieut. Tyrrell, who was wounded in the head.

 

Our barrage opened on time and was exceptionally good. Little Infantry opposition was met until road running East and West through N.14.a.4.1 was reached. Here there was considerable enfilade M.G. fire and on the right the enemy put up a stiff opposition with bombs from the houses. The whole triangle of buildings surrounding the above road and the LA BASSEE and BETHUNE roads was strongly reinforced and garrisoned by the enemy. Our men fought their way this triangle and reached their first objective at the railway. A lot of casualties were incurred in this part of the advance and the 2 sections of “moppers up” detailed for this triangle were left without an N.C.O. and practically wiped out. Severe opposition was also encountered from M.G. fire from building on the east of the “Y” of the BETHUNE & LA BASSEE roads at our objective. Fortunately the smoke was very dense and it was impossible at that time for the enemy to take accurate aim at our men. This strongpoint was overcome by a quick rush down the road to the rear of the building where the entrance was found. Here 10 Germans were captured and 5 killed. In the centre of the company the advance was continued to the objective without interruption though a number of casualties were received from M.G. fire from the left while crossing the embankment at N.14.a.5.1. The large buildings just before this objective which had evidently been a railway repair shop was a mass of debris and twisted girders. Here a few Germans were found throwing bombs but were quickly dispersed of and the objective along the railway line was reached. Scouts went out a short distance ahead and shortly returned reporting Germans to be in buildings in front of our line. The ground along the objective was covered with bricks, old rails, etc, making it impossible to dig a trench so our men covered this part of the line taking cover in shell holes,. The time when the objective was reached was about 5.15 a.m. – somewhat later than the appointed time as we had been held up at several points and had had severe fighting. I then proceeded along the objective from the “Y” at the right towards the left where I got in touch with Lieu. Mackie and his men. At this time he was being held up by a strong party of Germans who were bombing vigorously from a redoubt. Our men endeavoured to bomb them out from the front but were unsuccessful. Lieut. Mackie took a party round the rear and captured the redoubt killing a number of the enemy and capturing 10 prisoners. The left platoon then made their objective successfully about 5.30 a.m. and the whole of the company frontage was then connected up along the line of our objective as planned. We had connection with B Company but their front ran back up Combat Trench.

 

I then returned to the right flank and found that my Scouts had returned from the right reporting that they were unable to find any 50th Battalion but that there were a lot of Germans over there. Just at this time a party of the enemy appeared on the opposite side of the road at the “Y” and commenced to throw bombs at us. They had evidently established themselves in the strong points among the houses at the apex of the triangle. I was very short of men by this time but succeeded in forming a defensive flank along the west side of the LA BASSEE ROAD out of my Company reserves, runners and signallers. These men fought very well and inflicted a lot of casualties on the enemy by rifle fire.

 

I then proceeded back to the Sunken Road at the “base of the triangle”. There I met two platoons of D Coy. who had come up to reinforce A and B Coys. I directed Lieut. D.G. Cameron to B Coy and asked Lieut. R. Sellar with his Platoon to endeavour to clean out the triangle. He met very strong opposition and only in getting through the first row of houses where he proceeded to dig in under my instructions. At what I should judge to be about 7.30 a.m., I received word that the 50th battalion were back in CHICORY Trench. This left my right flank “in the air” with a gap of about 400 yards between it and the 50th Bn. I knew that the enemy was now very strongly holding the buildings in the “triangle” as Lieut. Sellar had run up against so much opposition at this point. My only course was to withdraw which I did to a line running from N.14.a.0.1. to N.14.a.7.2. We consolidated along this line connecting with B Coy on the left. I then went to the Company Headquarters of the 50th Bn. and got them to put outposts on their frontage connecting with my right flank. The work of consolidation proceeded rapidly and this was the position we maintained until withdrawal to CHICORY TRENCH. it was while superintending the consolidation that Lieut. Wilton was shot by a sniper. After having taken up this position we received but few casualties, the majority of casualties having been incurred during the advance from enemy bombs and M.G. fire.

 

Signed: A.J.S. Taunton, Major.

O.C. “A” Company, 27th Bn.

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Appendix: Report by Lieut. J.M. Mackie on Operation, day 21st August 1917. (O.C. No.4 Platoon.)

 

At 2.00 A.M. I commenced leading my Platoon by Sections into their respective positions in the jumping off Line 150 yards, approximately, in advance of CHICORY Trench. This manoeuvre was completed by 2.30 A.M. and I reported personally to the O.C. Company to this effect.

 

At 4.25 a.m. the enemy opened heavy shell fire on our front line trenches, also in and around jumping off position. No casualties to my Platoon as a result of this strafe.

 

Promptly at 4.35 a.m. our Barrage opened on “NO MAN’S LAND” about 100 yards in advance of our jumping off position. When the Barrage lifted four (4) minutes later I blew one long blast on my whistle as a signal to advance.

 

We followed our Barrages without any real opposition from the enemy until arrival at Sunken Road N.14.a.6.16 where we encountered rifle and M.G. fire, and bombing directed at us from our north easterly flank.

 

However, I led on and crossing the Sunken Road we seized trench which extends from N.14.a.72.17 to N.14.a.65.0 In this trench we secured 2 prisoners. I then advanced to final objective N.14.a.7.0 northeasterly to N.14.a.65.0. I was unable to “dig in” along this line, however, as the Company on the left (northeast) had not gained its objective. I, therefore, placed my men in a line running northerly from N.14.c.7.0, my object being to connect up with COMBAT Trench at N.14.a.72.17, and commenced consolidation of a new trench along this line. About this time I was reinforced by half a Platoon (No.1 Platoon) under Lieut. Wilton. I had already dispatched a patrol to connect with my right flank.

 

I was then advised by one of my N.C.Os that the Company on my left was being held up by an enemy strong point in COMBAT Trench. I immediately collected a small party and was hurrying to said S.P. when I met Major Taunton. He apparently was also aware of this S.P. because I heard him gathering a small party together and observed him leading some to the attack. I delivered my attack at the same time but the enemy were too strongly entrenched and both our parties were forced to retire after sustaining a number of casualties.

 

Realizing the uselessness of a further frontal attack I led the remainder of my party to a flank and succeeded in reaching a point in rear of the enemy S.P. We then quickly dispersed of the same, killing five of the garrison and capturing the remainder – 10. There were two Red Cross men with this party of prisoners and incidentally I might mention that one of these men was ARMED with a bayonet.

 

Immediately after dispatching these prisoners to the rear I was advised of a Bosche M.G. position in house at N.14.a.65.45, which was holding up our advance in this sector. Collecting a small party together I proceeded along CINNABAR Trench and attacked this strong point from the rear but owing to the fact that this S.P, which was a concrete structure, was heavily manned by rifles bombs and Machine Guns, and my party subjected to a severe fire my attack was unsuccessful and I was compelled to withdraw to COMBAT Trench with those of my party who had not become casualties. I then instructed an N.C.O. to erect a Block in CINNABAR Trench some twenty yards from COMBAT trench and to man same with a party of Bombers. In both these operations – just outlined – I was greatly handicapped in that my men had no rifle grenades, their fighting supply having been exhausted long since.

 

When I returned to COMBAT Trench from operation No.2, the time was 6.30 A.M. I then dispatched a written report of the situation to O.C. Bn. forwarding same by Battalion Scout. Shortly afterwards I telephoned in to “Report Centre” for supply of S.A.A. Bombs and Rifle Grenades. At this time (about 7 A.M.) B Coy. was lined along COMBAT Trench from N.14.a.55.45 to N.14.a.72.17 I furnished a party from my Platoon to guard Block in COMBAT Trench at N.14.a.72.17 The situation, as far as this portion of the line concerned, remained this for the balance of the day and until withdrawal took place in the evening.

 

During my absence from my Platoon, whom I left “digging in” Lieut. Cameron of D Coy. had come forward with one Platoon from the support line to re inforce B Coy. and his Platoon was lining trench from N.14.a.72.17 to N.14.a.68.05. At my request he detailed a number of his men to assist the remainder of my Platoon with new trench.

 

I then had occasion to proceed down COMBAT Trench to interview O.C.B.Coy. and on returning shortly afterwards I found that Major Taunton had withdrawn my men to a new line extending approximately from COMBAT trench N.14.a.7.8. southwesterly to LENS LA BASSEE Road at N.14.a.4.85. This withdrawal was made necessary in order to make connection with my right flank.

 

Whilst “digging in” along the new line a considerable number of casualties resulted from enemy snipers who had become active at that time. I established my Platoon Headquarters in Trench at N.14.a.5.22. Outside enemy activity in sniping, aircraft, and artillery nothing of interest occurred during the day. In order to prevent observation of our new line by the enemy observers the men lay low after the trench had been dug to a depth of about 3 feet.

 

At dusk in accordance with orders from O.C., my party withdrew to CHICORY Trench, the withdrawal being accomplished successfully and without casualties.

 

I may add that throughout the day our heavies were continually dropping shells short, and I am aware of one instance where one shell caused a considerable number of casualties to our men. Our F.A. was excellent.

 

I might also mention that had our men been equipped with a greater number of rifle grenades, our casualties would have been lighter and our advance rendered much more rapidly as the enemy resistance could have been smashed almost immediately we came in contact with same, and before he had time to recover properly from the surprise of our attack.

 

In concluding I wish to remark on the magnificent example of consummate coolness set by Major Taunton throughout the entire operation. His utter disregard for danger strengthened the mens moral to a very high degree, and his bravery in personally leading a bombing party against an enemy strong point was unexcelled during the day.

 

Respectfully submitted,

 

Signed J.M. Mackie, Lieut.

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Sir:-

 

Herewith short account of the action in front of LENS, August 21st.

 

The Company was in position at 3 A.M., all movements carried out to the letter, in perfect order and in silence without any confusion. The first wave lay along a line marked out by white tape about 150 yards in front of our parapet, the second line close up and two mopping up platoons were close in their rear. During the movement the enemy kept up a steady shelling, some on the front and some on the rear areas. All ranks remained perfectly steady waiting for zero hour. Eventually it came and to the tick of the second hand, every gun opened as one, it was marvellous, and perfectly timed. The line of barrage was marked as perfectly, by bursting shells and was as easy to follow as if a train of powder had been laid along and touched off at a given signal. The artillery deserve all the credit in the world for the magnificent and perfect barrage they placed before us to advance under, it could not have been better.

 

The Infantry advanced as on parade, every man in his place, watching the barrage, we had not a casualty from our own barrage and yet it seemed that the Infantry were on the ground in advance just as the last shell left it. On our front we ran into a concrete and heavily wired and looped holed machine gun emplacement but the men were determined to get through. After the first repulse they swung around the flanks and bombed the position but it was of no avail, bombs took no effect on it at all; they bounced off. Several more attempts were made by small parties organized by N.C.O.s to carry the position but they were only mowed down. The right flank kept moving and ran into more obstructions and a strong listening post of six men with a machine gun. The machine gun was opened up but was soon put out of business before it caused us any casualties. The enemy were easily accounted for. The machine gun was eventually blown to “smithereens” by a shell landing on it.

 

The right flank made its objective and joined up with A Coy. When I got there I met Major Taunton calmly walking about with a Revolver in one hand and a cane in the other, absolutely unconscious of danger, directing his men as to the line to dig in on. The conduct of all ranks during the day was perfect; why they even stopped fighting to eat breakfast and then carried on afterwards.

 

(Sgd) J.B. Wood

Lieut.

B Company.

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27th (City of Winnipeg) Battalion.

6th Canadian Infantry Brigade.

 

Narrative of Operations N.W. of LENS

21st/22nd August 1917.

 

The 27th Battalion took over the LAURENT SECTOR on the night of 18th/19th August occupying the front line from N.3.b.6.5. to N.8.a.5.2. along CHICORY Trench. Battalion Headquarters N.7.d.5.t.

 

Before going in all ranks were fully equipped in fighting order carrying 48 hours rations and individual supplies of bombs, rifle grenades, ground flares, etc. A Battalion reserve dump was established at Battalion Hdqrs. The assault was ordered for the morning of the 20th but was postponed 24 hours and the intermediate time spent in careful reconnaissance.

 

On the night of 20th/21st a white tape was laid along the Jumping Off position which was approximately 150 yards in advance of the forward trench then occupied by the Battalion. ZERO HOUR was set for 4.35 A.M. 21st August and by 3 A.M. on that date all companies were in their jumping off positions.

 

The Battalion was assembled to go over in the standard fighting formation, 3 Platoons per Company, A Coy on right, B Coy in centre and C Coy on left with D Coy less one platoon in support. One Platoon of D Coy was detailed as a mopping up party for the centre Coy. The other companies supplied their own moppers up. Two Coys of the 28th Battalion were held in reserve for this Battalion. On the left the 29th Battalion was assaulting supported by two Companies of the 28th Bn. and on the right the 50th Battalion were going over. The 31st Battalion was held in Brigade Reserve.

 

The area between the Jumping Off position and our own front line was heavily shelled by the enemy from 3 A.M. onwards but the men were able to get sufficient cover in shell holes and casualties before assault were very light.

 

Promptly at ZERO hour our barrage was laid down accurately and with great intensity. The attacking companies moved away evenly following the lifting barrage. Enemy rockets went up within a minute and a half of ZERO and their protective barrage came down behind our line gradually moving back to NO MAN’S LAND.

 

On the right A Coy met their first serious opposition at the road running from N.14.a.6.2. The triangle enclosed by this road and the LA BASSEE and the BETHUNE Road was strongly fortified and garrisoned. In spite of tremendously heavy casualties our men fought through this area and reached their objective on the LENS Railway at 5.15 A.M. The left of this Company successfully passed the small road referred to above and seized the trench running south from the trench junction at N.14.a.7.2. Securing prisoners there they passed on to final objective reaching there at approximately 5.30 A.M.

 

B Company in the centre were held up by a strongly wired and well fortified strong point at N.14.a.7.5. manned by Machine Gun, snipers and bombers. The left of the Coy. was unable to proceed. The right pushed forward in COMBAT Trench, lead by Lieut. J.B. Wood they stormed a Machine Gun post killing 6 and capturing 2 of the crew and were then joined by Lieut. J.M. Mackie of A Coy who was attempting to make connection on his left. This officer and Major A.J.S. Taunton DSO., the Officer commanding the right Company each assembled storming parties and by a resolute attack in rear were able to drive the enemy out of a fortified position at N.14.a.7.8. taking 10 prisoners. Lieut’ Mackie then pressed on to the strong point checking the centre Company. In spite of the most gallant efforts of this Officer and his men this position held out, and a block had to be established in CINNABAR TRENCH about 20 yards North of COMBAT. The fighting throughout this sector was very severe, the houses in the vicinity being heavily fortified with concrete and well manned with Machine Guns and snipers supported by Bombing parties. The 50th Battalion on the right had been unable to reach its objective. Battalion Headquarters realizing the situation had immediately sent forward the Supporting Company and one Platoon of this Company was placed by Major Taunton to protect the right flank.

 

The right Company in spite of extremely heavy casualties had succeeded in taking the whole of its objective and consolidation was commenced. It was found that the ground was so covered with rubble that trenches could not be dug successfully and the right flank was withdrawn some 200 or more yards to obviate this difficulty and also to provide a stronger flank. The centre Company supported by a Platoon of the Reserve Coy took up a position in COMBAT Trench with a block in CINNABAR and established themselves there. Throughout the day these positions were subjected to heavy Machine Gun fire and sniping and attacked repeatedly with bombs. On every attempt the Hun was turned back with heavy casualties.

 

In the meantime C Company on the left had advanced on both sides of CONDUCTOR Trench to their objective in COMBAT and CINNABAR TRENCHES and had shown ground flares to the contact aeroplane from these points. Finding that the enemy held a strong point behind them in the sector of the Company on their right a determined effort was made by a bombing party under Lieut. H.A. Robertson to eject them from this location. This was unsuccessful and in order to protect themselves it was necessary to man CINNABAR Trench west of CONDUCTOR. On the left the right Company of the 29th Battalion had reached CINNABAR after a costly struggle. The enemy made a succession of counter attacks against these positions. Our men were in their element and took a tremendous toll. Unfortunately the Hun’s sniping positions were well chosen and his own harvest was not small. Lieut. J.H.McCormick learning that all officers of the Coy. of the 29th Bn. on his left were casualties assembled the nearby men of the Battalion and made several courageous attempts to clear the Hun from this area. In one of these efforts he was severely wounded. This line could not be established and the enemy after repeated bombing attacks succeeded in getting CINNABAR Trench from the 29th Battalion. This left our left Company with a narrow salient unprotected running well into the Hun lines and reluctantly a withdrawal was ordered and the left Company came back to the original line in CHICORY TRENCH.

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Mildly photoshopped to minimise impact of damage present on the original image.

 

 

Done