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GLOSSED BIBLE LEAF FROM THE BOOK OF PSALMS Ref 344 verso
This is a Bible leaf from the Book of Psalms that was probably produced in England (possibly Northern France) c.1175-1200.
The main text is from Psalm 101, verses 1 to verse 11. The main text is to the left of each column (except the first) with the commentary (gloss) by Peter Lombard around and to the right of each part of the main text. There is no interlinear gloss.
On the recto the gloss starts with the last parts of the gloss relating to Psalm 100. This is followed by a rubric “Oratio pauperis cum anxiaretur, et in conspectu domini effudit precem” ("The prayer of the poor man when he is anxious and pours forth his prayer in the presence of the Lord") which introduces the preface to the gloss proper for Psalm 101. The gloss proper begins at the top of the second column of the recto. The gloss in the “Glossa Ordinaria” of Peter Lombard.
The size of the leaf is 331mm x 245mm (13ins. x 9 6.10ins.).
Throughout the gloss, the quotations from the Psalm (the lemmata) are underlined in red.
Across the upper margin of each page (in red) are the abbreviated names of the authorities quoted in the text. Here we have “aug” (for Augustinius”, “Ier” (for Ieronimus) and “cass” or “cassiodor” (for Cassiodorus). Above “aug” are two dots, above “Ier” are three dots and above “cass” is a small “a”. These references are then used within the gloss to indicate which author is being cited.
Purchased from Dominic Winter Book (Auctioneers) Ltd., Mallard House, Broadway Lane, South Cerney, nr. Cirencester, Glos. GL7 5UG, their auction held on 10th. April 2013, Lot No. 426.
PAGE LAYOUT: -
Certain Books of the Bible had "gloss" attached to them from about the second quarter of the twelfth century. Over time pages were set out in several different ways to accommodate the gloss. The method of writing the main text against the left hand edge of the column with the gloss surrounding it on three sides (the layout on this leaf) was introduced in the early 1170’s as it made for a more continuous flow of the gloss. The layout of this fragment conforms to that of Fig.14 on page 23 of “Glossed Books of the Bible and the Origins of the Paris Book Trade” (C.R.F. de Hamel, 1984).
GENERAL COMMENTS: -
This is a nice leaf in excellent condition. A probable English origin is suggested because of the use of green in the large initial. A date of 1175-1200 is suggested because of the citation abbreviations being at the top of the page rather than down the sides of the columns (see page 32 of “Glossed Books of the Bible and the Origins of the Paris Book Trade” (C.R.F. de Hamel, 1984).
PETER LOMBARD: -
Peter Lombard (ca. 1095-1160), also known as the "Master of the Sentences" or "the Lombard", was ascholastic theologian and bishop of the 12th century. Lombard was born in Lumellogno, near Novara, Italy, to a poor family. He must have begun his education in Italy, most likely at the cathedral schools of Novara and Lucca. The patronage of Otto, bishop of Lucca, and of St. Bernard allowed him to leave Italy and further his studies at Reims and Paris. In Paris, he came into contact with Peter Abelard and Hugh of St. Victor, who were among the leading theologians of the time. Around 1145, Peter became a "magister," or professor, at the cathedral school of Notre Dame in Paris. In 1159, he was named bishop of Paris.
Peter Lombard wrote commentaries on the Psalms and the Pauline epistles; however, his most famous work by far was Libri Quatuor Sententiarum, or the Four Books of Sentences, which became the standard textbook of theology at the medieval universities.
GLOSSED BIBLE LEAF FROM THE BOOK OF PSALMS Ref 344 verso
This is a Bible leaf from the Book of Psalms that was probably produced in England (possibly Northern France) c.1175-1200.
The main text is from Psalm 101, verses 1 to verse 11. The main text is to the left of each column (except the first) with the commentary (gloss) by Peter Lombard around and to the right of each part of the main text. There is no interlinear gloss.
On the recto the gloss starts with the last parts of the gloss relating to Psalm 100. This is followed by a rubric “Oratio pauperis cum anxiaretur, et in conspectu domini effudit precem” ("The prayer of the poor man when he is anxious and pours forth his prayer in the presence of the Lord") which introduces the preface to the gloss proper for Psalm 101. The gloss proper begins at the top of the second column of the recto. The gloss in the “Glossa Ordinaria” of Peter Lombard.
The size of the leaf is 331mm x 245mm (13ins. x 9 6.10ins.).
Throughout the gloss, the quotations from the Psalm (the lemmata) are underlined in red.
Across the upper margin of each page (in red) are the abbreviated names of the authorities quoted in the text. Here we have “aug” (for Augustinius”, “Ier” (for Ieronimus) and “cass” or “cassiodor” (for Cassiodorus). Above “aug” are two dots, above “Ier” are three dots and above “cass” is a small “a”. These references are then used within the gloss to indicate which author is being cited.
Purchased from Dominic Winter Book (Auctioneers) Ltd., Mallard House, Broadway Lane, South Cerney, nr. Cirencester, Glos. GL7 5UG, their auction held on 10th. April 2013, Lot No. 426.
PAGE LAYOUT: -
Certain Books of the Bible had "gloss" attached to them from about the second quarter of the twelfth century. Over time pages were set out in several different ways to accommodate the gloss. The method of writing the main text against the left hand edge of the column with the gloss surrounding it on three sides (the layout on this leaf) was introduced in the early 1170’s as it made for a more continuous flow of the gloss. The layout of this fragment conforms to that of Fig.14 on page 23 of “Glossed Books of the Bible and the Origins of the Paris Book Trade” (C.R.F. de Hamel, 1984).
GENERAL COMMENTS: -
This is a nice leaf in excellent condition. A probable English origin is suggested because of the use of green in the large initial. A date of 1175-1200 is suggested because of the citation abbreviations being at the top of the page rather than down the sides of the columns (see page 32 of “Glossed Books of the Bible and the Origins of the Paris Book Trade” (C.R.F. de Hamel, 1984).
PETER LOMBARD: -
Peter Lombard (ca. 1095-1160), also known as the "Master of the Sentences" or "the Lombard", was ascholastic theologian and bishop of the 12th century. Lombard was born in Lumellogno, near Novara, Italy, to a poor family. He must have begun his education in Italy, most likely at the cathedral schools of Novara and Lucca. The patronage of Otto, bishop of Lucca, and of St. Bernard allowed him to leave Italy and further his studies at Reims and Paris. In Paris, he came into contact with Peter Abelard and Hugh of St. Victor, who were among the leading theologians of the time. Around 1145, Peter became a "magister," or professor, at the cathedral school of Notre Dame in Paris. In 1159, he was named bishop of Paris.
Peter Lombard wrote commentaries on the Psalms and the Pauline epistles; however, his most famous work by far was Libri Quatuor Sententiarum, or the Four Books of Sentences, which became the standard textbook of theology at the medieval universities.