JJ-Merry
Suzukia shikikunensis Kudo 鈴木草(假馬蹄草)- 霧頭山
Suzukia Kudo, a genus of the Lamiaceae with two species, is endemic to Taiwan (S.shikikunensis Kudo) and the Ryukyu Islands (S. luchuensis Kudo). Plants of Suzukia are perennial herbs, with long-creeping stems. Inflorescences of short or elongated racemes possess showy flowers that attract pollinators, mostly honey bee, to visit. Due to its limited population number and size, Suzukia has been listed as an endangered taxon by IUCN. In
this study, we investigated the genetic structure and hylogeographic pattern of the genus Suzukia based on the sequences of the trnD-trnT noncoding spacer of the chloroplast DNA and G3PDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) gne of the nuclear DNA. In both genes high levels of genetic diversity were detected in Suzukia. Chloroplast DNA genealogy identified two lineages, one exclusively consisting of most populations of S.shikikunensis, while the other containing S. luchuensis and the Chinma population of S.shikikunensis. Nevertheless, the Chinma population is phylogenetically close to S.shikikunensis in the nuclear DNA phylogeny, indicating a hybrid origin of this population.In S. shikikunensis, populations of mountain areas were significantly differentiated from the coastal populations of Taiwan. In contrast, there existed frequent gene flow between subpopulations of Yonaguni Island. In the cpDNA minimum spanning network, coastal populations of S. shikikunensis and S. luchuensis possessed ancestral polymorphisms.Based on a molecular clock, splitting from a hypothetical common distributed at low elevations may have occurred about 1.1 million years ago. Speciation followed in Taiwan and Ryukyus, respectively. Coupled with peciation, adaptive radiation to middle and high
elevations may have led to high levels of genetic diversity in S. shikikunensis. The colonization of S. luchuensis in Green Island was dated to 0.93 million years ago. In contrast to chloroplast DNA data, G3PDH gene represent paraphyly of species and populations of the both species due to effects of balancing selection. In addition, the heterozygote ratio of S. shikikunensis, S. luchuensis in Green Island and in Yonaguni were 0.8, 0 and 0.2, respectively。
Suzukia shikikunensis Kudo 鈴木草(假馬蹄草)- 霧頭山
Suzukia Kudo, a genus of the Lamiaceae with two species, is endemic to Taiwan (S.shikikunensis Kudo) and the Ryukyu Islands (S. luchuensis Kudo). Plants of Suzukia are perennial herbs, with long-creeping stems. Inflorescences of short or elongated racemes possess showy flowers that attract pollinators, mostly honey bee, to visit. Due to its limited population number and size, Suzukia has been listed as an endangered taxon by IUCN. In
this study, we investigated the genetic structure and hylogeographic pattern of the genus Suzukia based on the sequences of the trnD-trnT noncoding spacer of the chloroplast DNA and G3PDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) gne of the nuclear DNA. In both genes high levels of genetic diversity were detected in Suzukia. Chloroplast DNA genealogy identified two lineages, one exclusively consisting of most populations of S.shikikunensis, while the other containing S. luchuensis and the Chinma population of S.shikikunensis. Nevertheless, the Chinma population is phylogenetically close to S.shikikunensis in the nuclear DNA phylogeny, indicating a hybrid origin of this population.In S. shikikunensis, populations of mountain areas were significantly differentiated from the coastal populations of Taiwan. In contrast, there existed frequent gene flow between subpopulations of Yonaguni Island. In the cpDNA minimum spanning network, coastal populations of S. shikikunensis and S. luchuensis possessed ancestral polymorphisms.Based on a molecular clock, splitting from a hypothetical common distributed at low elevations may have occurred about 1.1 million years ago. Speciation followed in Taiwan and Ryukyus, respectively. Coupled with peciation, adaptive radiation to middle and high
elevations may have led to high levels of genetic diversity in S. shikikunensis. The colonization of S. luchuensis in Green Island was dated to 0.93 million years ago. In contrast to chloroplast DNA data, G3PDH gene represent paraphyly of species and populations of the both species due to effects of balancing selection. In addition, the heterozygote ratio of S. shikikunensis, S. luchuensis in Green Island and in Yonaguni were 0.8, 0 and 0.2, respectively。