25x137 01 Oerlikon HE(T) cartridges
Pict. 01:
HE-T-SD (High explosive- Tracer- Self Destruct) of Dutch manufacture (EMZ / Eurometaal Zaandam). Type designation unknown. The fuze uses the “disc type” mechanical self destruct device (see drawing). Below this disc, a rolled up steel tape (like a serpentina roll) prevents the firing pin from moving down and forms the barrel safety; upon firing the centrifugal force unrolls the “serpentina roll, enabling the firing pin to pass. The centrifugal arming ball houses the firing cap, however the firing cap is set “out of line” with the firing pin. Only after firing the projectile, the centrifugal force rotates the ball in line with the centreline of the projectile and firing pin. The ball itself is fixed in it’safe position by a copper “horseshoe” (transport safety), clamped over a groove in the lower part of the ball. Only after firing , the centrifugal force bends open the “horse shoe” releasing the ball to rotate.
Pict. 02:
HEI- SD (High explosive Incendiary- Self Destruct). Cartridge of US design and Dutch manufacture. It is meant to be used against soft skinned targets, helicopters, enemy personnel and fire positions. The nose fuze has a mechanical self destruct mechanism.
The nose fuze is aluminium made. In the base of the fuze, the detonator is screwed. Above the detonator, the centrifugal arming ball houses the firing cap, however the firing cap is set “out of line” with the firing pin. Only after firing the projectile, the centrifucal force rotates the ball in line with the centerline of the projectile and firing pin. The ball itself is fixed in it’safe position by the spring loaded firing pin housing pressing upon a flat surface on top of the ball. Four balls are placed in radial drilled holes in the firing pin housing. Upon firing, the centrifugal force throws the balls outward, climbing up the chamfered wall on the inside of the fuze housing, releasing the rotor safey ball.
If a target is hit, the firing pin housing is hammered inward, forcing the four balls inward, pushing the firing pin into the firing cap in the rotor safety ball. If no target is hit, the velocity as well as rotation decrease, up till a moment where the force of the spring pushing the firing pin housing forward overcomes the force of the four balls in the groove (centrifugal force) and pushes the balls back inward and the firing pin backward into the firing cap. This is the mechanical self destruct mechanism of the projectile.
Pict. 03:
HEI- SD (High explosive Incendiary- Self Destruct). Cartridge of US design and Dutch manufacture. This particular cartridge is marked AI 69 (1969) and must be one of the first series manufactured by AI
Pict. 04:
Swiss manufactured HEI-T (High Explosive Incendiary Tracer) , Swiss name : SLB 050. Weight of the projectile : 180 grams. The projectile is filled with Hexal.
The nose fuze is aluminium made. In the base of the fuze, the detonator is screwed. Above the detonator, the centrifugal arming ball houses the firing cap, however the firing cap is set “out of line” with the firing pin. Only after firing the projectile, the centrifucal force rotates the ball in line with the centerline of the projectile and firing pin. The ball itself is fixated in it’safe position by a rolled up steel tape that inwinds after firing, releasing the rotor safety all . Four balls are placed in radial drilled holes in the firing pin housing. Upon firing, the centrifugal force throws the balls outward, climbing up the chamfered edge on the inside of the fuze housing.
If a target is hit, the firing pin housing is hammered inward, forcing the four balls inward, pushing the firing pin into the firing cap in the rotor safety ball. If no target is hit, the velocity as well as rotation decrease, up till a moment where the force of the spring pushing the firing pin housing forward overcomes the force of the four balls in the groove (centrifugal force) and pushes the balls back inward and the firing pin backward into the firing cap. This is the mechanical self destruct mechanism of the projectile.
Pict. 05:
US manufactured PGU-25 A/U & Mk210 Mod 2 Aerojet configuration HEI-T.
The projectile is fuzed with the M505A3 nose impact fuze. (also used on the 20x102 Vulcan HE cartridges)
The M505A3 nose impact fuze is made of seven parts:
-the steel fuze housing
-the detonator ball
-the U shaped red copper clamp (around the det. ball)
-the booster cap
-the collared firing pin
-the ballistic nose tip.
The detonator Ball has a channel, containing the detonator. In rest this channel is out of line with the firing pin so the firing pin cannot reach the detonator. A U shaped red copper calmp fixates the ball in this position.
On firing, the U shaped clamp is forced open by the centrifugal force, releasing the ball. The centrifugal force will now start to throw the heaviest part of the ball outward, thereby turning the detonator channel in line with the centerline of the projectile.
On impact, the ballistic cap is hammered inward, pushing the firing pin down (ripping it of the collar) into the detonator. This will set of the detonator, the booster (white) and the main charge.
Pict. 06/ 07:
M792 HEI-T (High Explosive Incendiary –Tracer). A cartridge of US origin. The projectile is filled with 32 grams of Hexal and fuzed with nose fuze M758with mechanical self destruct mechanism. It is meant to be used against soft skinned targets, helikopters, enemy personel and fire positions. V0: 1100 mtrs sec.
Pict. 08:
HE-T M-DN-81 High Explosive –Tracer type M-Dn 81. The cartridge is designed an produced by Diehl (Germany). The projectile is of the Semi Armour piercing type, the reason why it has a base fuze. Above the explosive charge a pressed charge of zirconium powder is placed which acts as an incendiary charge.
The lower part of the fuze uses the “disc type” mechanical self destruct device (see pict). Above this, the delay mechanism is placed. This exists of a small aluminium bushing with small balls placed in it. If the bushing moves forward upon impact on the target the balls move outward into a groove, so delaying the spring loaded firing pin in it’s action. This bushing is kept axially fixated by a horse shoe shaped clamp that bends open through centrifugal force after firing, releasing the bushing to move. Above this mechanism, a rolled up steel tape (like a serpentina roll) prevents the firing pin from moving up and forms the barrel safety; upon firing the centrifugal force unrolls the “serpentina roll, enabling the firing pin to pass. The centrifugal arming ball houses the firing cap, however the firing cap is set “out of line with the firing pin. Only after firing the projectile, the centrifugal force rotates the ball in line with the centreline of the projectile and firing pin. The ball itself is fixed in it’safe position by a copper “horseshoe”, clamped over a groove in the upper part of the ball. Only after firing, the centrifugal force bends open the “horse shoe” releasing the ball to rotate. A second ball safety exits of two pins, one radially placed, retaining the ball, the second -axial- one blocks the radial one. Only after firing the set back force moves the axial pin down, releasing the radial pin to move outward, releasing the ball.
Pict. 09:
Dutch manufactured APHE-T Cartridge No.112. The Swiss name of the projectile is : PLB. The projectile has a steel body with a hardened nose. On top of the nose piece an aluminium ballistic cap is placed. In the base of the projectile a base fuze is screwed. The projectile is filled with 10,7 grams of Hexal. The base fuze is named BZB 336. It is a delayed impact mechanical self destruct fuze. The fuze is aluminium made, with a tracer element crimped to the base. In top of the fuze, the detonator is screwed. Below the detonator, the centrifugal arming ball houses the firing cap, however the firing cap is set “out of line” with the firing pin. Only after firing the projectile, the centrifucal force rotates the ball in line with the centerline of the projectile and firing pin. The ball itself is fixed in it’safe position by a copper “horseshoe” (transport safety), clamped over a groove in the lower part of the ball. Only after firing , the centrifugal force bends open the “horse shoe” releasing the ball to rotate. Below that, a spring loaded firing pin is placed in a housing, kept in backward position by a rolled up steel tape (like a serpentina roll) which prevents the firing pin from moving forward so and forms the barrel safety; upon firing the centrifugal force unrolls the “serpentina roll, releasing the firing pin. The lower part of the firing pin housing has four radial holes drilled , in which a ball is placed. Upon firing, these balls are thrown outward and fall into a groove, locking the spring loaded firing pin housing in it’s backward position as the rolled up steel tape unwinds.
If a target is hit, the firing pin housing is swung forward by the inertia, forcing the four balls inward, pushing the firing pin into the firing cap in the arming ball. If no target is hit, the velocity as well as rotation decrease, up till a moment where the force of the spring pushing the firing pin housing forward overcomes the force of the four balls in the groove (centrifugal force) and pushes the balls back inward and the firing pin forward into the firing cap. This is the mechanical self destruct mechanism of the projectile.
The Cartridge No.112 will penetrate 10mm of steel at 1000 mtrs @30 degrees, and than explode inside the target.
Vo: 1100 mtrs./sec
Weight cartridge: 502 grams
Weight projectile: 180 grams
Pict. 10:
APHE-T Cartridge No.112. The Swiss name of the projectile is : PLB. This yellow painted projectile is for the pilot series of the Ctg. No.112. Service cartridges were later painted black.
25x137 01 Oerlikon HE(T) cartridges
Pict. 01:
HE-T-SD (High explosive- Tracer- Self Destruct) of Dutch manufacture (EMZ / Eurometaal Zaandam). Type designation unknown. The fuze uses the “disc type” mechanical self destruct device (see drawing). Below this disc, a rolled up steel tape (like a serpentina roll) prevents the firing pin from moving down and forms the barrel safety; upon firing the centrifugal force unrolls the “serpentina roll, enabling the firing pin to pass. The centrifugal arming ball houses the firing cap, however the firing cap is set “out of line” with the firing pin. Only after firing the projectile, the centrifugal force rotates the ball in line with the centreline of the projectile and firing pin. The ball itself is fixed in it’safe position by a copper “horseshoe” (transport safety), clamped over a groove in the lower part of the ball. Only after firing , the centrifugal force bends open the “horse shoe” releasing the ball to rotate.
Pict. 02:
HEI- SD (High explosive Incendiary- Self Destruct). Cartridge of US design and Dutch manufacture. It is meant to be used against soft skinned targets, helicopters, enemy personnel and fire positions. The nose fuze has a mechanical self destruct mechanism.
The nose fuze is aluminium made. In the base of the fuze, the detonator is screwed. Above the detonator, the centrifugal arming ball houses the firing cap, however the firing cap is set “out of line” with the firing pin. Only after firing the projectile, the centrifucal force rotates the ball in line with the centerline of the projectile and firing pin. The ball itself is fixed in it’safe position by the spring loaded firing pin housing pressing upon a flat surface on top of the ball. Four balls are placed in radial drilled holes in the firing pin housing. Upon firing, the centrifugal force throws the balls outward, climbing up the chamfered wall on the inside of the fuze housing, releasing the rotor safey ball.
If a target is hit, the firing pin housing is hammered inward, forcing the four balls inward, pushing the firing pin into the firing cap in the rotor safety ball. If no target is hit, the velocity as well as rotation decrease, up till a moment where the force of the spring pushing the firing pin housing forward overcomes the force of the four balls in the groove (centrifugal force) and pushes the balls back inward and the firing pin backward into the firing cap. This is the mechanical self destruct mechanism of the projectile.
Pict. 03:
HEI- SD (High explosive Incendiary- Self Destruct). Cartridge of US design and Dutch manufacture. This particular cartridge is marked AI 69 (1969) and must be one of the first series manufactured by AI
Pict. 04:
Swiss manufactured HEI-T (High Explosive Incendiary Tracer) , Swiss name : SLB 050. Weight of the projectile : 180 grams. The projectile is filled with Hexal.
The nose fuze is aluminium made. In the base of the fuze, the detonator is screwed. Above the detonator, the centrifugal arming ball houses the firing cap, however the firing cap is set “out of line” with the firing pin. Only after firing the projectile, the centrifucal force rotates the ball in line with the centerline of the projectile and firing pin. The ball itself is fixated in it’safe position by a rolled up steel tape that inwinds after firing, releasing the rotor safety all . Four balls are placed in radial drilled holes in the firing pin housing. Upon firing, the centrifugal force throws the balls outward, climbing up the chamfered edge on the inside of the fuze housing.
If a target is hit, the firing pin housing is hammered inward, forcing the four balls inward, pushing the firing pin into the firing cap in the rotor safety ball. If no target is hit, the velocity as well as rotation decrease, up till a moment where the force of the spring pushing the firing pin housing forward overcomes the force of the four balls in the groove (centrifugal force) and pushes the balls back inward and the firing pin backward into the firing cap. This is the mechanical self destruct mechanism of the projectile.
Pict. 05:
US manufactured PGU-25 A/U & Mk210 Mod 2 Aerojet configuration HEI-T.
The projectile is fuzed with the M505A3 nose impact fuze. (also used on the 20x102 Vulcan HE cartridges)
The M505A3 nose impact fuze is made of seven parts:
-the steel fuze housing
-the detonator ball
-the U shaped red copper clamp (around the det. ball)
-the booster cap
-the collared firing pin
-the ballistic nose tip.
The detonator Ball has a channel, containing the detonator. In rest this channel is out of line with the firing pin so the firing pin cannot reach the detonator. A U shaped red copper calmp fixates the ball in this position.
On firing, the U shaped clamp is forced open by the centrifugal force, releasing the ball. The centrifugal force will now start to throw the heaviest part of the ball outward, thereby turning the detonator channel in line with the centerline of the projectile.
On impact, the ballistic cap is hammered inward, pushing the firing pin down (ripping it of the collar) into the detonator. This will set of the detonator, the booster (white) and the main charge.
Pict. 06/ 07:
M792 HEI-T (High Explosive Incendiary –Tracer). A cartridge of US origin. The projectile is filled with 32 grams of Hexal and fuzed with nose fuze M758with mechanical self destruct mechanism. It is meant to be used against soft skinned targets, helikopters, enemy personel and fire positions. V0: 1100 mtrs sec.
Pict. 08:
HE-T M-DN-81 High Explosive –Tracer type M-Dn 81. The cartridge is designed an produced by Diehl (Germany). The projectile is of the Semi Armour piercing type, the reason why it has a base fuze. Above the explosive charge a pressed charge of zirconium powder is placed which acts as an incendiary charge.
The lower part of the fuze uses the “disc type” mechanical self destruct device (see pict). Above this, the delay mechanism is placed. This exists of a small aluminium bushing with small balls placed in it. If the bushing moves forward upon impact on the target the balls move outward into a groove, so delaying the spring loaded firing pin in it’s action. This bushing is kept axially fixated by a horse shoe shaped clamp that bends open through centrifugal force after firing, releasing the bushing to move. Above this mechanism, a rolled up steel tape (like a serpentina roll) prevents the firing pin from moving up and forms the barrel safety; upon firing the centrifugal force unrolls the “serpentina roll, enabling the firing pin to pass. The centrifugal arming ball houses the firing cap, however the firing cap is set “out of line with the firing pin. Only after firing the projectile, the centrifugal force rotates the ball in line with the centreline of the projectile and firing pin. The ball itself is fixed in it’safe position by a copper “horseshoe”, clamped over a groove in the upper part of the ball. Only after firing, the centrifugal force bends open the “horse shoe” releasing the ball to rotate. A second ball safety exits of two pins, one radially placed, retaining the ball, the second -axial- one blocks the radial one. Only after firing the set back force moves the axial pin down, releasing the radial pin to move outward, releasing the ball.
Pict. 09:
Dutch manufactured APHE-T Cartridge No.112. The Swiss name of the projectile is : PLB. The projectile has a steel body with a hardened nose. On top of the nose piece an aluminium ballistic cap is placed. In the base of the projectile a base fuze is screwed. The projectile is filled with 10,7 grams of Hexal. The base fuze is named BZB 336. It is a delayed impact mechanical self destruct fuze. The fuze is aluminium made, with a tracer element crimped to the base. In top of the fuze, the detonator is screwed. Below the detonator, the centrifugal arming ball houses the firing cap, however the firing cap is set “out of line” with the firing pin. Only after firing the projectile, the centrifucal force rotates the ball in line with the centerline of the projectile and firing pin. The ball itself is fixed in it’safe position by a copper “horseshoe” (transport safety), clamped over a groove in the lower part of the ball. Only after firing , the centrifugal force bends open the “horse shoe” releasing the ball to rotate. Below that, a spring loaded firing pin is placed in a housing, kept in backward position by a rolled up steel tape (like a serpentina roll) which prevents the firing pin from moving forward so and forms the barrel safety; upon firing the centrifugal force unrolls the “serpentina roll, releasing the firing pin. The lower part of the firing pin housing has four radial holes drilled , in which a ball is placed. Upon firing, these balls are thrown outward and fall into a groove, locking the spring loaded firing pin housing in it’s backward position as the rolled up steel tape unwinds.
If a target is hit, the firing pin housing is swung forward by the inertia, forcing the four balls inward, pushing the firing pin into the firing cap in the arming ball. If no target is hit, the velocity as well as rotation decrease, up till a moment where the force of the spring pushing the firing pin housing forward overcomes the force of the four balls in the groove (centrifugal force) and pushes the balls back inward and the firing pin forward into the firing cap. This is the mechanical self destruct mechanism of the projectile.
The Cartridge No.112 will penetrate 10mm of steel at 1000 mtrs @30 degrees, and than explode inside the target.
Vo: 1100 mtrs./sec
Weight cartridge: 502 grams
Weight projectile: 180 grams
Pict. 10:
APHE-T Cartridge No.112. The Swiss name of the projectile is : PLB. This yellow painted projectile is for the pilot series of the Ctg. No.112. Service cartridges were later painted black.