isev2
SCJR2
"Milk exosome augments antibiotic efficacy against mastitis-causing Staphylococcus aureus"
Mastitis poses a major burden on the dairy industry and is becoming increasingly difficult to treat due to the development of antibiotic resistance. And overuse of antibiotics for the treatment of bovine mastitis exacerbates the problems. Antibiotic therapy for mastitis is currently ineffective due to the intracellular persistence of Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) and less bioavailability of antibiotics at the site of infection. Therefore, the aim of present study was to develop an effective therapeutics for intracellular delivery of antibiotic into mammary epithelial cells to tackle S.aureus. In this study, milk exosomes (mEs) were explored for their unique potential both as drug delivery vehicles and treatment modulators against S.aureus. The milk exosome (mEs), pre-characterized by zetasizer and high resolution transmission electron microscopy were used for encapsulation of D-(-)-α- aminobenzylpenicillin (AMP) antibiotic. The mEs-loaded AMP (mEs-AMP) was contrived and tested against mastitis. The mEs-AMP had a significantly (p < 0.001) higher therapeutic efficacy than unloaded-AMP at the same dosage and frequency of treatment. The mEs-AMP had 4.08-fold lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) than that of AMP, and the mEs-AMPs killed S.aureus more effectively than AMP (74.35% vs 34.46%). The antimicrobial and therapeutic efficacies of mEs-AMP were tested in subclinical and clinical mastitis of Sahiwal cows. Furthermore, mEs-AMP reduced the number of somatic cells (4.53 0.69 to 3.39 0.51 lakh/mL; P 0.001) and bacterial log CFU (2.2 0.15 to 1.7 0.37; p < 0.05) in treated animal milk compared to AMP. Therefore, the mEs-AMP could be used as a therapeutic tool for effective control of mastitis in dairy animals.
SCJR2
"Milk exosome augments antibiotic efficacy against mastitis-causing Staphylococcus aureus"
Mastitis poses a major burden on the dairy industry and is becoming increasingly difficult to treat due to the development of antibiotic resistance. And overuse of antibiotics for the treatment of bovine mastitis exacerbates the problems. Antibiotic therapy for mastitis is currently ineffective due to the intracellular persistence of Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) and less bioavailability of antibiotics at the site of infection. Therefore, the aim of present study was to develop an effective therapeutics for intracellular delivery of antibiotic into mammary epithelial cells to tackle S.aureus. In this study, milk exosomes (mEs) were explored for their unique potential both as drug delivery vehicles and treatment modulators against S.aureus. The milk exosome (mEs), pre-characterized by zetasizer and high resolution transmission electron microscopy were used for encapsulation of D-(-)-α- aminobenzylpenicillin (AMP) antibiotic. The mEs-loaded AMP (mEs-AMP) was contrived and tested against mastitis. The mEs-AMP had a significantly (p < 0.001) higher therapeutic efficacy than unloaded-AMP at the same dosage and frequency of treatment. The mEs-AMP had 4.08-fold lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) than that of AMP, and the mEs-AMPs killed S.aureus more effectively than AMP (74.35% vs 34.46%). The antimicrobial and therapeutic efficacies of mEs-AMP were tested in subclinical and clinical mastitis of Sahiwal cows. Furthermore, mEs-AMP reduced the number of somatic cells (4.53 0.69 to 3.39 0.51 lakh/mL; P 0.001) and bacterial log CFU (2.2 0.15 to 1.7 0.37; p < 0.05) in treated animal milk compared to AMP. Therefore, the mEs-AMP could be used as a therapeutic tool for effective control of mastitis in dairy animals.