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1845 (ca.), J.M.W. Turner, Sunrise, a Castle on a Bay: 'Solitude' -- Tate Britain (London)

From the museum label: This unfinished painting revisits a composition from Turner's 'Liber Studiorum' ('Book of Studies'). In this set of prints, he classified his landscapes into six types: Architectural, Historical, Mountainous, Marine, Pastoral and E.P. This composition is from the category E.P., meaning Elevated or Epic Pastoral. Pastoral art showed an idealised view of the countryside. Turner's E.P. celebrated the pastoral art of French painter Claude Lorrain (c.1604/5-82), who depicted the countryside around Rome. This composition pays homage to Claude's 'Landscape with Psyche outside the Palace of Cupid', now at the National Gallery, London.

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Uploaded on June 15, 2025
Taken on June 15, 2025