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Gymnosperm Stem: Cork in Three Year Pinus

cross section: Pinus stem

magnification: 400x

Triarch quadruple stain

 

Berkshire Community College Bioscience Image Library

 

During the first year of growth the cutinized epidermis is replaced by protective growth of cork rich periderm. The outer periderm consists of layers of cork cells, the phellem, which produces waterproofing suberin. Cork cells are dead at maturity. Deep to the phellem is a living layer of cork cambium or phellogen and beneath that, layers of cork parenchyma or phelloderm. Many cells in the periderm contain dark staining tannins.

 

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Uploaded on August 2, 2017
Taken on February 10, 2014