A mutualistic relationship between the wasp Parachartergus apicalis (Vespidae) with nymphs of treehoppers

A good example of a mutualism is the relationship between treehoppers nymphs and vespid wasps. The treehopper nymphs secrete a sugary solution called honeydew. Wasps and ants drink the honeydew and, in return, they protect the treehopper nymphs from predators.

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