Los Angeles - Endeavour
California Science Center
Space Shuttle Endeavour (Orbiter Vehicle Designation: OV-105) is a retired orbiter from NASA's Space Shuttle program and the fifth and final operational shuttle built. It embarked on its first mission, STS-49, in May 1992 and its 25th and final mission, STS-134, in May 2011. STS-134 was expected to be the final mission of the Space Shuttle program, but with the authorization of STS-135, Atlantis became the last shuttle to fly.
The United States Congress approved the construction of Endeavour in 1987 to replace Challenger, which was lost in 1986.
Structural spares built during the construction of Discovery and Atlantis were used in its assembly. NASA chose, on cost grounds, to build Endeavour from spares rather than refitting Enterprise or accepting a Rockwell International proposal to build two shuttles for the price of one.
The orbiter is named after the British HMS Endeavour, the ship which took Captain James Cook on his first voyage of discovery (1768–1771). This is why the name is spelled in the British English manner, rather than the American English ("Endeavor"). This has caused confusion, including when NASA itself misspelled a sign on the launch pad in 2007. The Space Shuttle carried a piece of the original wood from Cook’s ship inside the cockpit. The name also honored Endeavour, the Command Module of Apollo 15, which was also named after Cook's ship.
Endeavour was named through a national competition involving students in elementary and secondary schools. Entries included an essay about the name, the story behind it and why it was appropriate for a NASA shuttle, and the project that supported the name. Endeavour was the most popular entry, accounting for almost one-third of the state-level winners. The national winners were Senatobia Middle School in Senatobia, Mississippi, in the elementary division and Tallulah Falls School in Tallulah Falls, Georgia, in the upper school division. They were honored at several ceremonies in Washington, D.C., including a White House ceremony where then-President George H. W. Bush presented awards to each school.
Endeavour was delivered by Rockwell International Space Transportation Systems Division in May 1991 and first launched a year later, in May 1992, on STS-49. Rockwell International claimed that it had made no profit on Space Shuttle Endeavour, despite construction costing US$2.2 billion.
After more than twenty organizations submitted proposals to NASA for the display of an orbiter, NASA announced that Endeavour would go to the California Science Center in Los Angeles.
After low level flyovers above NASA and civic landmarks across the country and in California, it was delivered to Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) on September 21, 2012. The orbiter was slowly and carefully transported through the streets of Los Angeles and Inglewood three weeks later, from October 11–14 along La Tijera, Manchester, Crenshaw, and Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevards to its final destination at the California Science Center in Exposition Park.
The exhibit was opened to the public on October 30, 2012 at the temporary Samuel Oschin Space Shuttle Endeavour Display Pavilion of the museum. A new addition to the Science Center, called the Samuel Oschin Air and Space Center, is under construction as Endeavour's permanent home. Planned for a 2017 opening, Endeavour will be mounted vertically with an external tank and a pair of solid rocket boosters in the shuttle stack configuration. One payload door will be open to reveal a demonstration payload inside.
(Wikipedia)
Das Space Shuttle Endeavour (englisch für Bemühen, Anstrengung) wurde am 25. April 1991 als Ersatz für die Raumfähre Challenger fertiggestellt und hatte seinen Jungfernflug am 7. Mai 1992. Seine interne Bezeichnung lautet OV-105. Der letzte Start fand am 16. Mai 2011 um 14:56 Uhr MESZ statt; die letzte Landung am 1. Juni 2011 um 8:35 Uhr MESZ in Florida.
Der Name für die Raumfähre wurde durch einen Schülerwettbewerb gefunden, an dem insgesamt 71.652 Schüler teilnahmen. Im Mai 1989 verkündete US-Präsident George H. W. Bush den Namen Endeavour nach dem gleichnamigen ersten Schiff von James Cook (daher auch die britische Schreibweise anstelle der im amerikanischen Englisch richtigen Schreibweise Endeavor).
Die Endeavour wurde von Rockwell International gebaut und kostete insgesamt 2,2 Milliarden US-Dollar. Sie absolvierte 25 erfolgreiche Flüge.
Zuletzt wurde das Shuttle zwischen Dezember 2003 und Oktober 2005 grundüberholt (Orbiter Major Modification Period) und erhielt dabei wichtige technische und sicherheitsrelevante Verbesserungen. Neben dem sogenannten Gläsernen Cockpit, einer mit mehreren frei belegbaren Monitoren ausgerüsteten Instrumententafel, erhielt die Endeavour dabei ein verbessertes Navigationssystem zur Positionsbestimmung und die aus den Empfehlungen des „Columbia Accident Investigation Boards“ resultierende Robotarm-Verlängerung Orbiter Boom Sensor System (OBSS).
Nach ihrer letzten Mission im Mai/Juni 2011 wurde die Raumfähre mit Ende des amerikanischen Shuttle-Programms als Museumsstück dem California Science Center in Los Angeles zugewiesen, und ist dort seit Oktober 2012 ausgestellt.
Wichtige Missionen:
Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 1, STS-61 (Dezember 1993) – Korrektur der fehlerhaften Optik
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission, STS-99 (Februar 2000)
(Wikipedia)
Los Angeles - Endeavour
California Science Center
Space Shuttle Endeavour (Orbiter Vehicle Designation: OV-105) is a retired orbiter from NASA's Space Shuttle program and the fifth and final operational shuttle built. It embarked on its first mission, STS-49, in May 1992 and its 25th and final mission, STS-134, in May 2011. STS-134 was expected to be the final mission of the Space Shuttle program, but with the authorization of STS-135, Atlantis became the last shuttle to fly.
The United States Congress approved the construction of Endeavour in 1987 to replace Challenger, which was lost in 1986.
Structural spares built during the construction of Discovery and Atlantis were used in its assembly. NASA chose, on cost grounds, to build Endeavour from spares rather than refitting Enterprise or accepting a Rockwell International proposal to build two shuttles for the price of one.
The orbiter is named after the British HMS Endeavour, the ship which took Captain James Cook on his first voyage of discovery (1768–1771). This is why the name is spelled in the British English manner, rather than the American English ("Endeavor"). This has caused confusion, including when NASA itself misspelled a sign on the launch pad in 2007. The Space Shuttle carried a piece of the original wood from Cook’s ship inside the cockpit. The name also honored Endeavour, the Command Module of Apollo 15, which was also named after Cook's ship.
Endeavour was named through a national competition involving students in elementary and secondary schools. Entries included an essay about the name, the story behind it and why it was appropriate for a NASA shuttle, and the project that supported the name. Endeavour was the most popular entry, accounting for almost one-third of the state-level winners. The national winners were Senatobia Middle School in Senatobia, Mississippi, in the elementary division and Tallulah Falls School in Tallulah Falls, Georgia, in the upper school division. They were honored at several ceremonies in Washington, D.C., including a White House ceremony where then-President George H. W. Bush presented awards to each school.
Endeavour was delivered by Rockwell International Space Transportation Systems Division in May 1991 and first launched a year later, in May 1992, on STS-49. Rockwell International claimed that it had made no profit on Space Shuttle Endeavour, despite construction costing US$2.2 billion.
After more than twenty organizations submitted proposals to NASA for the display of an orbiter, NASA announced that Endeavour would go to the California Science Center in Los Angeles.
After low level flyovers above NASA and civic landmarks across the country and in California, it was delivered to Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) on September 21, 2012. The orbiter was slowly and carefully transported through the streets of Los Angeles and Inglewood three weeks later, from October 11–14 along La Tijera, Manchester, Crenshaw, and Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevards to its final destination at the California Science Center in Exposition Park.
The exhibit was opened to the public on October 30, 2012 at the temporary Samuel Oschin Space Shuttle Endeavour Display Pavilion of the museum. A new addition to the Science Center, called the Samuel Oschin Air and Space Center, is under construction as Endeavour's permanent home. Planned for a 2017 opening, Endeavour will be mounted vertically with an external tank and a pair of solid rocket boosters in the shuttle stack configuration. One payload door will be open to reveal a demonstration payload inside.
(Wikipedia)
Das Space Shuttle Endeavour (englisch für Bemühen, Anstrengung) wurde am 25. April 1991 als Ersatz für die Raumfähre Challenger fertiggestellt und hatte seinen Jungfernflug am 7. Mai 1992. Seine interne Bezeichnung lautet OV-105. Der letzte Start fand am 16. Mai 2011 um 14:56 Uhr MESZ statt; die letzte Landung am 1. Juni 2011 um 8:35 Uhr MESZ in Florida.
Der Name für die Raumfähre wurde durch einen Schülerwettbewerb gefunden, an dem insgesamt 71.652 Schüler teilnahmen. Im Mai 1989 verkündete US-Präsident George H. W. Bush den Namen Endeavour nach dem gleichnamigen ersten Schiff von James Cook (daher auch die britische Schreibweise anstelle der im amerikanischen Englisch richtigen Schreibweise Endeavor).
Die Endeavour wurde von Rockwell International gebaut und kostete insgesamt 2,2 Milliarden US-Dollar. Sie absolvierte 25 erfolgreiche Flüge.
Zuletzt wurde das Shuttle zwischen Dezember 2003 und Oktober 2005 grundüberholt (Orbiter Major Modification Period) und erhielt dabei wichtige technische und sicherheitsrelevante Verbesserungen. Neben dem sogenannten Gläsernen Cockpit, einer mit mehreren frei belegbaren Monitoren ausgerüsteten Instrumententafel, erhielt die Endeavour dabei ein verbessertes Navigationssystem zur Positionsbestimmung und die aus den Empfehlungen des „Columbia Accident Investigation Boards“ resultierende Robotarm-Verlängerung Orbiter Boom Sensor System (OBSS).
Nach ihrer letzten Mission im Mai/Juni 2011 wurde die Raumfähre mit Ende des amerikanischen Shuttle-Programms als Museumsstück dem California Science Center in Los Angeles zugewiesen, und ist dort seit Oktober 2012 ausgestellt.
Wichtige Missionen:
Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 1, STS-61 (Dezember 1993) – Korrektur der fehlerhaften Optik
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission, STS-99 (Februar 2000)
(Wikipedia)