Back to photostream

Cabo de são vicente

english

 

Cape St. Vincent (Portuguese: Cabo de São Vicente, Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈkabu dɨ sɐ̃w̃ viˈsẽtɨ]), next to the Sagres Point, on the so-called Costa Vicentina (Vincentine Coast), is a headland in the municipality of Sagres, in the Algarve, southern Portugal.

Description

 

This cape is the southwesternmost point in Portugal. It forms the southwestern end of the E9 European Coastal Path, which runs for 5,000 km (3,100 mi) to Narva-Jõesuu in Estonia. Approximately six kilometers from the village of Sagres, the cape is a landmark for a ship traveling to or from the Mediterranean. The cliffs rise nearly vertically from the Atlantic to a height of 75 meters. The cape is a site of exuberant marine life and a high concentration of birds nesting on the cliffs, such as the rare Bonelli's eagle, peregrine falcons, kites, rock thrushes, rock pigeons, storks and herons.

 

History

Cape St. Vincent was already sacred ground in Neolithic times, as standing menhirs in the neighborhood attest. The ancient Greeks called it Ophiussa (Land of Serpents), inhabited by the Oestriminis and dedicated here a temple to Heracles. The Romans called it Promontorium Sacrum (or Holy Promontory). They considered it a magical place where the sunset was much larger than anywhere else. They believed the sun sank here hissing into the ocean, marking the edge of their world.

According to legend, the name of this cape is linked to the story of a martyred fourth-century Iberian deacon St. Vincent whose body was brought ashore here. A shrine was erected over his grave; according to the Arab geographer Al-Idrisi, it was always guarded by ravens and is therefore named by him كنيسة الغراب (Kanīsah al-Ghurāb, meaning "Church of the Raven"). King Afonso Henriques (1139–1185) had the body of the saint exhumed in 1173 and brought it by ship to Lisbon, still accompanied by the ravens. This transfer of the relics is depicted on the coat of arms of Lisbon. The area around the cape was plundered several times by pirates from France and Holland and, in 1587, by Sir Francis Drake. All existing buildings—including the Vila do Infante of Henry the Navigator--fell into ruins because of the Lisbon earthquake of 1755. The Franciscan friars who cared for the shrine stayed on until 1834, when all monasteries were disbanded in Portugal.

 

Several naval battles were fought in the vicinity of this cape:

The French Admiral Anne Hilarion de Tourville defeated a large Anglo-Dutch naval fleet commanded by George Rooke escorting a convoy of between 400 and 500 English and Dutch merchant ships on 27 June 1693. The "Smyrna fleet" disaster, as it came to be known, saw ninety-four of the richly-laden merchant ships either captured or sunk; this event led to the dismissal of two English admirals whose convoy escort had turned back off Ushant, France.

In 1780, this cape was the site of the Battle of Cape St. Vincent (between Britain and Spain).

Admiral Jervis with Commodore Nelson defeated the Spanish fleet in 1797 at a second Battle of Cape St. Vincent on 14 February 1797.

In 1833, a Loyalist Portuguese fleet defeated the Miguelites during Portugal's Liberal Wars.

 

Lighthouse

 

The present lighthouse was built over the ruins of a 16th century Franciscan convent in 1846. The statues of St. Vincent and St. Francis Xavier had been moved to the nearby church of Nossa Senhora da Graça on Point Sagres.

 

This lighthouse, guarding one of the world's busiest shipping lanes, is among the most powerful in Europe (the most powerful being on the French island of Ushant, off the coast of Brittany); its two 1000 W lamps can be seen as far as 60 kilometers away.

 

 

PORTUGUÊS

 

O cabo de São Vicente é um cabo situado no extremo sudoeste de Portugal continental, na freguesia de Sagres, concelho de Vila do Bispo. Fica 4 km a oeste e 3 km a norte da Ponta de Sagres, o antigo "Promontorium Sacrum" romano, dedicado ao deus Saturno, e onde se situa uma antiga fortaleza visitável (Fortaleza de Sagres).

 

Em Lagos, a 25 km do cabo para leste, o Infante D. Henrique teria estabelecido a sua escola de navegação (Escola de Sagres) no século XV, que impulsionou os Descobrimentos portugueses. O pesquisador Luís de Albuquerque demonstrou tratar-se de um mito.

Do cabo é possível apreciar a passagem dos navios que transitam entre o Mar Mediterrâneo e o norte da Europa.

O Cabo de São Vicente faz parte do Parque Natural do Sudoeste Alentejano e Costa Vicentina.

 

História

 

Estrabão (63 ou 64 a.C. - 23 d.C.), numa descrição da Península Ibérica, começou pelo Cabo de São Vicente, chamando-o desde logo "Cabo Sagrado", dizendo:

Este cabo é o ponto mais a ocidente, não só da Europa, mas de todo o mundo habitado. (...) Além disso, o país adjacente a este cabo é chamado de "Cuneus" na língua latina, logo significando a sua forma de cunha. Mas para o cabo em si, que se projecta para o mar, Artemidoro (que visitou o local, como ele diz) assemelha-se a um navio; e ele diz que três pequenas ilhas ajudam a dar essa forma, uma dessas ilhas ocupa a posição do bico do navio, e as outras duas, que têm locais de ancoragem algo bons, ocupam a posição de cabeças-de-gato. Quanto a Héracles, diz ele, não existe nem um templo seu para ser visto no cabo (como Ephorus diz erradamente), nem um altar em sua honra, ou para nenhum outro deus, mas somente pedras em muitos locais, deitadas em grupos de três ou quatro, que de acordo com um costume nativo são giradas por aqueles que visitam o local, e então, depois de derramar uma libação, são movidas de volta. Não é regra, diz ele, ocupá-lo durante esse tempo; mas aqueles que vêm ver o lugar passam a noite na aldeia vizinha, e então entram no lugar de dia, levando água com eles, dado que não há água lá.

Depois desta descrição no seu livro Geographia, continua a citar relatos de o Sol poder ser cem vezes maior no Cabo de São Vicente ao pôr-do-sol, ou que a noite possa vir abruptamente. Mas, como ele diz, se ninguém põe o pé no local à noite, como podem saber se este fenómeno é, ou não, verdadeiro. Uma explicação que deu, segundo fontes, era de que poderia ser um efeito visual.

 

 

5,177 views
1 fave
2 comments
Uploaded on October 24, 2011
Taken on October 22, 2011