ᑲᓇᑕ / Canada

is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It is the world's second largest country by total area. Canada's common border with the United States to the south and northwest is the longest in the world.

 

The land occupied by Canada was inhabited for millennia by various groups of Aboriginal people. Beginning in the late 15th century, British and French expeditions explored, and later settled along, the Atlantic coast. France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763 after the Seven Years' War. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces.[8][9] This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom. This widening autonomy was highlighted by the Statute of Westminster of 1931 and culminated in the Canada Act of 1982, which severed the vestiges of legal dependence on the British parliament.

 

A federation consisting of ten provinces and three territories, Canada is governed as a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy with Queen Elizabeth II as its head of state. It is a bilingual nation with both English and French as official languages at the federal level. One of the world's highly developed countries, Canada has a diversified economy that is reliant upon its abundant natural resources and upon trade—particularly with the United States, with which Canada has had a long and complex relationship. It is a member of the G8, G-20, NATO, OECD, WTO, Commonwealth, Francophonie, OAS, APEC, and UN.

 

Etymology

The name Canada comes from a St. Lawrence Iroquoian word, kanata, meaning "village" or "settlement". In 1535, indigenous inhabitants of the present-day Quebec City region used the word to direct French explorer Jacques Cartier towards the village of Stadacona.[10] Cartier later used the word Canada to refer not only to that particular village, but also the entire area subject to Donnacona (the chief at Stadacona); by 1545, European books and maps had begun referring to this region as Canada.[10]

 

From the early 17th century onwards, that part of New France that lay along the Saint Lawrence River and the northern shores of the Great Lakes was named Canada. The area was later split into two British colonies, Upper Canada and Lower Canada. They were re-unified as the Province of Canada in 1841.[11] Upon Confederation in 1867, the name Canada was adopted as the legal name for the new country, and Dominion (a term from Psalm 72:8)[12] was conferred as the country's title. Combined, the term Dominion of Canada was in common usage until the 1950s.[13] As Canada asserted its political autonomy from the United Kingdom, the federal government increasingly used simply Canada on state documents and treaties, a change that was reflected in the renaming of the national holiday from Dominion Day to Canada Day in 1982.

 

History

Aboriginal Canadian traditions maintain that the indigenous people have resided on their lands since the beginning of time. Archaeological studies support a human presence in the northern Yukon from 26,500 years ago, and in southern Ontario from 9,500 years ago.[14][15] The aboriginal population is estimated to have been between 200,000 and two million in the late 1400s. Repeated outbreaks of European infectious diseases such as influenza, measles and smallpox, to which they had no natural immunity, combined with other effects of European contact, resulted in a possible eighty-five to ninety-five percent aboriginal population decrease post-contact.[16][17] During the late 1630s, smallpox killed over half of the Huron, who controlled most of the early fur trade in what became Canada. Reduced to fewer than 10,000 people, the Huron were attacked by the Iroquois, their traditional enemies.

 

European colonization

Europeans first arrived when the Vikings settled briefly at L'Anse aux Meadows around AD 1000; after the failure of that colony, there was no known further attempt at Canadian exploration until 1497, when John Cabot explored Canada's Atlantic coast for England. In 1534 Jacques Cartier explored Canada for France.[19]

 

French explorer Samuel de Champlain arrived in 1603 and established the first permanent European settlements at Port Royal in 1605 and Quebec City in 1608.[20] Among French colonists of New France, Canadiens extensively settled the Saint Lawrence River valley and Acadians settled the present-day Maritimes, while French fur traders and Catholic missionaries explored the Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, and the Mississippi watershed to Louisiana. The French and Iroquois Wars broke out over control of the fur trade.

The English established fishing outposts in Newfoundland around 1610 and established the Thirteen Colonies to the south.[22] A series of four Intercolonial Wars erupted between 1689 and 1763.[23] Mainland Nova Scotia came under British rule with the Treaty of Utrecht (1713); the Treaty of Paris (1763) ceded Canada and most of New France to Britain after the Seven Years' War.[24]

 

The Royal Proclamation (1763) carved the Province of Quebec out of New France and annexed Cape Breton Island to Nova Scotia.[13] In 1769, St. John's Island (now Prince Edward Island) became a separate colony.[25] To avert conflict in Quebec, the British passed the Quebec Act of 1774, expanding Quebec's territory to the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley. It re-established the French language, Catholic faith, and French civil law in Quebec. This angered many residents of the Thirteen Colonies and helped to fuel the American Revolution.[13]

 

The Treaty of Paris (1783) recognized American independence and ceded territories south of the Great Lakes to the United States. Approximately 50,000 United Empire Loyalists fled the United States to Canada.[26] New Brunswick was split from Nova Scotia as part of a reorganization of Loyalist settlements in the Maritimes. To accommodate English-speaking Loyalists in Quebec, the Constitutional Act of 1791 divided the province into French-speaking Lower Canada (later the province of Quebec) and English-speaking Upper Canada (later Ontario), granting each its own elected Legislative Assembly.[27]

 

Canada (Upper and Lower) was the main front in the War of 1812 between the United States and the British Empire. Following the war, large-scale immigration to Canada from Britain and Ireland began in 1815.[28] From 1825 to 1846, 626,628 European immigrants landed at Canadian ports.[29] Between one-quarter and one-third of all Europeans who immigrated to Canada before 1891 died of infectious diseases.[17] The timber industry surpassed the fur trade in economic importance in the early nineteenth century.

The desire for responsible government resulted in the aborted Rebellions of 1837. The Durham Report subsequently recommended responsible government and the assimilation of French Canadians into British culture.[13] The Act of Union 1840 merged The Canadas into a united Province of Canada. Responsible government was established for all British North American provinces by 1849.[31]

 

The signing of the Oregon Treaty by Britain and the United States in 1846 ended the Oregon boundary dispute, extending the border westward along the 49th parallel. This paved the way for British colonies on Vancouver Island (1849) and in British Columbia (1858).[32] Canada launched a series of western exploratory expeditions to claim Rupert's Land and the Arctic region.

 

Confederation and expansion

Following several constitutional conferences, the Constitution Act, 1867 brought about Confederation, creating "one Dominion under the name of Canada" on July 1, 1867, with four provinces: Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick.[8][33] Canada assumed control of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory to form the Northwest Territories, where the Métis' grievances ignited the Red River Rebellion and the creation of the province of Manitoba in July 1870.[34] British Columbia and Vancouver Island (which had united in 1866) and the colony of Prince Edward Island joined the Confederation in 1871 and 1873, respectively.[35] Prime Minister John A. Macdonald's Conservative government established a national policy of tariffs to protect nascent Canadian manufacturing industries.[36]

 

To open the West, the government sponsored construction of three trans-continental railways (most notably the Canadian Pacific Railway), opened the prairies to settlement with the Dominion Lands Act, and established the North-West Mounted Police to assert its authority over this territory.[37][38] In 1898, after the Klondike Gold Rush in the Northwest Territories, the Canadian government created the Yukon territory. Under Liberal Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier, continental European immigrants settled the prairies, and Alberta and Saskatchewan became provinces in 1905.

 

Early 20th century

Britain's declaration of war in 1914 automatically entered Canada into World War I.[39] Volunteers sent to the Western Front later became part of the Canadian Corps.[39] The Corps played a substantial role in the Battle of Vimy Ridge and other major battles of the war.[39] Out of approximately 625,000 who served, about 60,000 were killed and another 173,000 were wounded.[40] The Conscription Crisis of 1917 erupted when conservative Prime Minister Robert Borden brought in compulsory military service over the objection of French-speaking Quebecers.[39] In 1919, Canada joined the League of Nations independently of Britain[39] and in 1931, the Statute of Westminster affirmed Canada's independence.[41]

The Great Depression brought economic hardship to all of Canada. In response, the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) in Alberta and Saskatchewan enacted many measures of a welfare state as pioneered by Tommy Douglas in the 1940s and 1950s.[42] Canada declared war on Germany independently during World War II under Liberal Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King, three days after Britain. The first Canadian Army units arrived in Britain in December 1939.[39]

 

Canadian troops played important roles in the Battle of the Atlantic, the failed 1942 Dieppe Raid in France, the Allied invasion of Italy, the D-Day landings, the Battle of Normandy, and the Battle of the Scheldt in 1944.[39] Canada provided asylum and protection for the monarchy of the Netherlands while that country was occupied, and is credited by the Netherlands for leadership and major contribution to the liberation of the Netherlands from Nazi Germany.[43] The Canadian economy boomed as industry manufactured military materiel for Canada, Britain, China, and the Soviet Union. Despite another Conscription Crisis in Quebec, Canada finished the war with one of the largest armed forces in the world.[44] In 1945, during the war, Canada became one of the founding members of the United Nations.

 

Modern Times

The Dominion of Newfoundland (now Newfoundland and Labrador), at the time equivalent in status to Canada and Australia as a Dominion, joined Canada in 1949. Canada's growth, combined with the policies of successive Liberal governments, led to the emergence of a new Canadian identity, marked by the adoption of the current Maple Leaf Flag in 1965,[45] the implementation of official bilingualism (English and French) in 1969,[46] and official multiculturalism in 1971.[47] There was also the founding of socially democratic programmes, such as universal health care, the Canada Pension Plan, and Canada Student Loans, though provincial governments, particularly Quebec and Alberta, opposed many of these as incursions into their jurisdictions.[48] Finally, another series of constitutional conferences resulted in the patriation of Canada's constitution from the United Kingdom, concurrent with the creation of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.[49]

 

At the same time, Quebec was undergoing profound social and economic changes through the Quiet Revolution, giving birth to a nationalist movement in the province and the more radical Front de libération du Québec (FLQ), whose actions ignited the October Crisis in 1970.[50] A decade later, an unsuccessful referendum on sovereignty-association was held in 1980,[50] after which attempts at constitutional amendment failed in 1990. A second referendum followed in 1995, in which sovereignty was rejected by a slimmer margin of just 50.6% to 49.4%.[51] In 1997, the Supreme Court ruled that unilateral secession by a province would be unconstitutional, and the Clarity Act was passed by parliament, outlining the terms of a negotiated departure from Confederation.

 

Geography

Canada occupies a major northern portion of North America, sharing land borders with the contiguous United States to the south and the U.S. state of Alaska to the northwest, stretching from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west; to the north lies the Arctic Ocean. By total area (including its waters), Canada is the second-largest country in the world—after Russia—and the largest on the continent. By land area, it also ranks second.[6]

 

Since 1925, Canada has claimed the portion of the Arctic between 60°W and 141°W longitude,[87] but this claim is not universally recognized. The northernmost settlement in Canada (and in the world) is Canadian Forces Station Alert on the northern tip of Ellesmere Island—latitude 82.5°N—817 kilometres (450 nautical miles, 508 miles) from the North Pole.[88] Much of the Canadian Arctic is covered by ice and permafrost. Canada also has the longest coastline in the world: 202,080 kilometres (125,570 mi).[6]

 

The population density, 3.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (8.5/sq mi), is among the lowest in the world. The most densely populated part of the country is the Quebec City – Windsor Corridor, (situated in Southern Quebec and Southern Ontario) along the Great Lakes and the Saint Lawrence River in the southeast.

Canada has an extensive coastline on its north, east, and west, and since the last glacial period it has consisted of eight distinct forest regions, including extensive boreal forest on the Canadian Shield.[91] The vastness and variety of Canada's geography, ecology, vegetation and landforms have given rise to a wide variety of climates throughout the country.[92] Because of its vast size, Canada has more lakes than any other country, containing much of the world's fresh water.[93] There are also fresh-water glaciers in the Canadian Rockies and the Coast Mountains.

 

Average winter and summer high temperatures across Canada vary according to the location. Winters can be harsh in many regions of the country, particularly in the interior and Prairie provinces, which experience a continental climate, where daily average temperatures are near −15 °C (5 °F) but can drop below −40 °C (−40.0 °F) with severe wind chills.[94] In noncoastal regions, snow can cover the ground almost six months of the year (more in the north). Coastal British Columbia enjoys a temperate climate, with a mild and rainy winter. On the east and west coasts, average high temperatures are generally in the low 20s °C (70s °F), while between the coasts, the average summer high temperature ranges from 25 to 30 °C (77 to 86 °F), with occasional extreme heat in some interior locations exceeding 40 °C (104 °F).[95]

 

Canada is also geologically active, having many earthquakes and potentially active volcanoes, notably Mount Meager, Mount Garibaldi, Mount Cayley, and the Mount Edziza volcanic complex.[96] The volcanic eruption of Tseax Cone in 1775 caused a catastrophic disaster, killing 2,000 Nisga'a people and the destruction of their village in the Nass River valley of northern British Columbia; the eruption produced a 22.5-kilometre (14.0 mi) lava flow, and according to legend of the Nisga'a people, it blocked the flow of the Nass River.

 

Other Infos

Languages:

English,French, Inuktitut, Inuinnaqtun, Dëne Sųłiné, Cree, Gwich’in, Inuvialuktun, Abnaki, Algonquin ,American Sign Language ,Assiniboine ,Atikamekw ,Babine ,Beaver ,Bella Coola ,Blackfoot ,Carrier ,Carrier Southern ,Cayuga ,Chilcotin ,Chinook Wawa ,Chipewyan ,Comox ,Cree,Dakota ,Dogrib. ,East Cree, East Cree ,German ,Gitxsan ,Gwich'in ,Haida, Haisla ,Halkomelem ,Han ,Heiltsuk ,Inuktitut, ,Inupiatun, Kaska ,Kutenai ,Kwakiutl ,Lakota ,Lillooet ,Malecite-Passamaquoddy ,Maritime Sign Language ,Michif ,Micmac ,Mohawk ,Montagnais ,Munsee ,Naskapi ,Nisga'a ,Nootka ,Ojibwa, Okanagan ,Oneida ,Onondaga ,Ottawa ,Plautdietsch ,Potawatomi ,Quebec Sign Language ,Salish, Straits ,Sarsi ,Sekani ,Shuswap ,Slavey, Squamish ,Stoney ,Tagish ,Tahltan ,Tanana, Thompson ,Tlingit ,Tsimshian ,Tuscarora ,Tutchone, Tutchone,

 

Capital City:

Ottawa

 

Meaning of the country name:

From the word Kanata meaning "village" or "settlement" in the Saint-Lawrence Iroquoian language spoken by the inhabitants of Stadacona and the neighbouring region in the 16th century, near present-day Quebec City.

 

Description Flag:

The National Flag of Canada, popularly known as the Maple Leaf and l'Unifolié (French for "the one-leafed"), is a base red flag with a white square in its centre featuring a stylized, 11-pointed, red maple leaf. Before this flag, Canada used variants of the British Red Ensign with the shield of Canada charged in the fly. The Red Ensign that took familiar shape in Canada was introduced by Prime Minister Mackenzie King after the First World War. From the 1940s until 1965, Canada made several attempts to create its own flag by holding national contests, but the Red Ensign still flew for Canada. A serious debate about a flag change did not occur until 1964, when a committee was picked by Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson. Out of three choices, the maple leaf design by George F.G. Stanley was chosen as the winner. The current flag was adopted in 1964. The flag made its first appearance on February 15, 1965, which is now celebrated annually as Flag Day.

Other than the Maple Leaf flag, several other flags have been created to be used by Canadian officials, government bodies, and military forces. Most of these flags contain the Maple Leaf motif in some fashion; either by having the Canadian flag charged in the canton or by inclusion of maple leaves in the design.

The Royal Union Flag is also an official flag in Canada, used as a symbol of Canada's membership in the Commonwealth of Nations and of her allegiance to the Crown. The Royal Union Flag forms a component of the flags of several provinces. In Quebec, the provincial flag (a blue cross with four fleurs-de-lis) is often considered a national flag along with the Maple Leaf flag, as is the Acadian flag in the Acadian regions of the Maritime provinces.

 

Coat of arms:

Shield

The shield is divided into five sections:

The first division at the viewer's top left contains the three golden lions that have been a symbol of England since at least the reign of King Richard I. The second quarter bears the red lion rampant of Scotland in a double tressure border with fleurs-de-lis. The third quarter shows the Irish harp of Tara. Legend states that this golden harp with silver strings was used in royal banquets at Tara, a capital of ancient Ireland, and was later given to Henry VIII by the pope during his attempt to succeed to the Irish throne. The gold fleurs-de-lis of royal France, the first European emblem raised in Canada by Jacques Cartier during his landing at Gaspé, fill the fourth quarter. They also appeared on the arms of the British monarch until 1801.

The fifth charge, a sprig of red maple leaves at the bottom is a distinctly Canadian symbol that became gradually identified with the country throughout the 19th century. They were first proposed as a symbol in 1834, were established in 1868 on the arms of Quebec and Ontario and officially became the national emblem in 1965, with the proclamation of the Flag of Canada.[2] Initially, the leaves were depicted as coloured green on the coat of arms because it was thought to represent youth, as opposed to the red colour of dying leaves in autumn (however, they are blazoned as "proper," so could be shown as either red or green, and it is the blazon, rather than any depiction, which is regarded as authoritative). The leaves were later redrawn in official depictions in 1957 with the current colour to be in line with the official colours of Canada.

The tinctures of the quarters are Gules (red), Or (gold), Azure (blue), Azure and Argent (silver) respectively.

The shield forms the basis of the royal standard of Canada.

Ribbon

The ribbon is marked desiderantes meliorem patriam, meaning "desiring a better country." It is the motto of the Order of Canada. This component was added, by the Queen on the advice of the Prime Minister, to the arms used to represent the Queen in 1987, after a new Canadian "law of arms" was created, which included the rule that the motto of the Order of Canada would be included around the personal coat of arms of any Canadian who received an appointment to the Order, while the arms used by government ministers and departments remained without the ribbon. Since 1994 the arms used by government ministers and institutions now reflect the personal arms of the Queen.

Helm

The arms show a royal helmet, which is a barred helm of gold looking outward, and draped in a mantle of white and red which are the official colours of Canada.

The golden helmet facing the viewer symbolizes Canada's sovereignty.

Crest and crown

The crest is based on the Royal Crest of England but differenced by the addition of a maple leaf, and appears on the Governor General's blue flag denoting that the Governor General is a representative of the Sovereign.

It consists of a crowned gold lion standing on a twisted wreath of red and white silk and holding a maple leaf in its right paw. Above the crest is St Edward's Crown, the style preferred by the Queen. (See the article on the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom for a discussion of different styles of crown historically used in the Commonwealth.)

The 1921 design was a Tudor crown, and the style was modernized to its current form in 1957 by the Canadian government, although the Queen had indicated her preference in May 1952, shortly after ascending the throne in February 1952.

Supporters

Supporting the shield on either side are the English lion and Scottish unicorn, which are also the supporters of the UK coat of arms. The lion stands on the viewer's left and holds a gold-pointed silver lance flying the Union Flag. The unicorn has a gold horn, a gold mane, gold hooves, and around its neck a gold, chained coronet of crosses and fleurs-de-lis; it holds a lance flying the three gold fleurs-de-lis of royal France on a blue background. Unlike the British version, the lion is not crowned, nor is it facing the viewer.

Motto

The motto of Canada is a mari usque ad mare ("from sea to sea"), a part of Psalm 72:8. This phrase was first suggested by Samuel Leonard Tilley, a Father of Confederation. The motto appears at the base of the arms. The motto was originally used in 1906 on the head of the mace of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan. It was included in the Arms of Canada in 1921.

In March 2006, the premiers of Canada's three territories called for the amendment of the motto to better reflect the vast geographic nature of Canada's territory – Canada has three coastlines on the Arctic, Atlantic, and Pacific Oceans. Two suggestions for a new motto are A mari ad mare ad mare (from sea to sea to sea) and A mari usque ad maria (from the sea to the other seas). The motto remains unchanged.

 

Motto: " A Mari Usque Ad Mare "

 

National Anthem: O Canada

 

English

 

O Canada! Our home and native land!

True patriot love in all thy sons command.

With glowing hearts we see thee rise,

The True North strong and free!

From far and wide, O Canada,

We stand on guard for thee.

God keep our land

Glorious and free!

O Canada, we stand on guard for thee;

O Canada, we stand on guard for thee.

 

French

 

Ô Canada! Terre de nos aïeux,

Ton front est ceint de fleurons glorieux!

Car ton bras sait porter l'épée,

Il sait porter la croix!

Ton histoire est une épopée

Des plus brillants exploits.

Et ta valeur, de foi trempée,

Protégera nos foyers et nos droits;

Protégera nos foyers et nos droits.

 

Inuktitut

 

O'Kanata nangmini Nunavut piqujatii

Nalattiaqpavut angiglivaliajuti sangijulutillu

nanqipugu

O'Kanata mianiripluti

O'Kanata nunatsia

nangiqpugu mianiripluti

O'Kanata salagijauquna

 

Internet Page: www.gc.ca

www.culture.ca

 

Canada in diferent languages

 

eng | cym | dan | fra | frp | gla | hau | ina | ita | lat | lim | lld | nld | nor | nrm | roh | ron | rup | wln: Canada

afr | bam | bis | bre | ces | cor | dsb | est | eus | fao | fin | fry | hat | hrv | hsb | hun | ibo | isl | jav | kin | lit | mlg | mlt | pap | pol | que | run | slk | slv | sme | smg | som | swa | swe | szl | tgl | tpi | tur | vor | zza: Kanada

aze | bos | crh | kaa | slo | tuk | uzb: Kanada / Канада

cat | cos | fur | oci | scn | srd: Canadà

arg | ast | glg | por | spa: Canadá

deu | ltz | nds: Kanada / Kanada

mri | smo | ton: Kanata

ind | msa: Kanada / كانادا

lin | tet: Kanadá

epo: Kanado

gle: Ceanada / Ceanada

glv: Yn Chanadey

haw: Kanakā

jnf: Cannada

kmr: Kanada / Канада / کانادا

kur: Kanada / کانادا; Keneda / کەنەدا

lav: Kanāda

mol: Canada / Канада

nah: Canauhtlān

rmy: Kanada / कानादा

sag: Kanadâa

sco: Canadae

sqi: Kanadaja

tah: Tanata

vie: Gia Nã Đại; Ca-na-đa

vol: Kanadän

wol: Kanadaa

yor: Kánádà

zul: iKhanada

abq | alt | bul | che | chm | kir | kjh | kom | krc | kum | mkd | rus | tyv | udm | ukr: Канада (Kanada)

bak | bel | srp | tat: Канада / Kanada

chv: Канадӑ (Kanadă)

kaz: Канада / Kanada / كانادا

kbd: Канадэ (Kanadă)

mon: Канад (Kanad)

oss: Канадӕ (Kanadä)

tgk: Канада / کنده / Kanada

ara: كندا (Kanadā)

ckb: کەنەدا / Keneda

fas: کانادا (Kānādā)

prs: کانادا (Kānādā)

pus: کاناډا (Kānāḋā); کانادا (Kānādā); کېنېډا (Keneḋā)

snd: ڪئناڊا (Kænāḍā)

uig: كانادا / Kanada / Канада

urd: کینیڈا (Kæneḋā); کینڈا (Kænaḋā); کناڈا (Kanāḋā)

div: ކެނެޑާ (Keneḋā)

syr: ܩܢܕܐ (Qanadā)

heb: קנדה (Qanadah); קאנאדה (Qânâdah)

lad: קאנאדה / Kanada

yid: קאַנאַדע (Kanade)

amh: ካናዳ (Kanada)

ell-dhi: Καναδάς (Kanadás)

ell-kat: Καναδᾶς (Kanadãs)

hye: Կանադա (Kanada)

kat: კანადა (Kanada)

hin: कनाडा (Kanāḍā); कैनाडा (Kænāḍā); केनेडा (Keneḍā)

mar: कॅनडा (Kĕnaḍā); केनेडा (Keneḍā)

nep: कनडा (Kanaḍā)

ben: কানাডা (Kānāḍā); ক্যানাডা (Kænāḍā)

guj: કેનેડા (Keneḍā)

pan: ਕੈਨੇਡਾ (Kæneḍā)

kan: ಕೆನಡ (Kenaḍa)

mal: കാനഡ (Kānaḍa); കനഡ (Kanaḍa)

tam: கனடா (Kaṉaṭā)

tel: కెనడా (Kenaḍā)

zho: 加拿大 (Jiānádà)

yue: 加拿大 (Gànàhdaaih)

jpn: カナダ (Kanada)

kor: 캐나다 (Kaenada)

bod: ཁ་ནའ་ཏ་ (Kʰa.n'a.ta.); ཁ་ན་ད་ (Kʰa.na.da.)

dzo: ཀེ་ན་ཌ་ (Ke.na.ḍa.)

mya: ကနေဒာ (Káneda)

tha: แคนาดา (Kʰǣnādā)

lao: ການາດາ (Kānādā)

khm: កាណាដា (Kāṇādā)

iku: ᑲᓇᑕ / Kanata

 

Done