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Plaque celebrating two visits to Glenelg by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II. South Australia

Her Majesty The Queen and His Royal Highness The Duke of Edinburgh landed at Glenelg from HMY Britannia on 20 March 1977 during the Royal Jubilee Tour, and visited Glenelg on 10 March 1986 to commemorate the Sesquicentenary of South Australia.

 

HMS Buffalo was one of the ships of the First Fleet of South Australia in 1836, and it was the largest and most prominent of them, carrying Governor John Hindmarsh and other key officials.

 

Prior to the arrival of Europeans the area was home to the Kaurna Aboriginal people.

In 1829 Edward Gibbon Wakefield proposed a scheme for the systematic colonisation of South Australia.

 

A fleet of eight ships captained by John Hindmarsh left England and arrived at Holdfast Bay (now Glenelg) on 28 December 1836.

 

The settlers were forced to camp at Holdfast Bay while Colonel William Light, the colony's first Surveyor-General, chose a suitable site for the future settlement.

 

Light was accused of building the city away from the sea on an alluvial mud plain which was dusty in summer and muddy in winter.

The land near the site of modern-day Adelaide had been surveyed and sold by March 1837.

Adelaide was named after King William IV's wife Queen Adelaide (1792-1849) whose title before marriage was Princess Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen.

 

In 1837 surveys of country areas were delayed and property speculation became the colony's main industry. Little land was used for agriculture and a black market in imported food and supplies flourished.

 

By 1840 the colony had a population of 14,000 free settlers.

 

Glenelg is a delightful seaside suburb with a large number of substantial mansions, hotels and restaurants. It is the colony's first port.

 

Established 1836, it is the oldest European settlement on mainland South Australia. It was named after Lord Glenelg, a member of British Cabinet and Secretary of State for War and the Colonies.

 

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Uploaded on July 28, 2026
Taken on June 24, 2026