View allAll Photos Tagged pigmentation
Some producers add citric acid or ascorbic acid to juice beyond what is naturally found in the sugarcane. Some also include other nutrients such as calcium and Vitamin D, not found naturally in sugarcane Low-acid varieties of commercial sugarcane juicer are also available. This is sometimes added to sugarcane juice from fish oils.
The Sugarcane juice extractor usually varies between shades of cream color though some ruby or blood citrus varieties are a reddish-sugarcane. This is due to different pigmentation in ruby red sugarcanes.
Tan label with an illustration of a swan and the Sonoma Mission for Sebastiani Vineyards 1980 Eye of the Swan brand North Coast counties pinot noir blanc white wine."Vineyards established 1825." 1980. Full profile at Sonoma Heritage Collections.
Laguna Colorada
Laguna Colorada (Red Lagoon) is a shallow salt lake in the southwest of the altiplano of Bolivia, within Eduardo Avaroa Andean Fauna National Reserve
The lake contains borax islands, whose white color contrasts nicely with the reddish color of its waters, which is caused by red sediments and pigmentation of some algae.
James's Flamingos abound in the area. Also it is possible to find Andean and Chilean flamingos, but in a minor quantity.
I'm baaaaack!! We had a lovely break down the south coast of NSW. I have wanted to visit a privately owned zoo called Mogo Zoo which is about 10 kms from Bateman's Bay. I had heard that they now have a breeding programme for the white lions of the Timbavati Region, which borders Kruger National Park, South Africa. White lions are not albino as they have pigmentation which shows particularly in eye, paw pad and lip colour. The correct term for their condition is leucism, a state where there is near-normal eye colour, but loss of pigment in the skin and fur.
TAXONOMY
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)
Order: Characiformes (Characins)
Family: Characidae (Characins)
Genus/species: Astyanax mexicanus
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS: The head is notable for the absence of eyes. Young are born with functioning eyes which become completely enclosed in tissue as fish grows. The lack of sight is compensated by a highly developed lateral line that detects vibrations and changes in the water. The fish is without pigmentation and is plain pink with a silver sheen. They live in schools and grow to about 12 cm or 4.72 inches.
DISTRIBUTION/HABITAT: Texas, New Mexico, and eastern and central Mexico in freshwater pools within dark caves.
DIET IN THE WILD: A keen sense of smell and electrolocation aid in finding food. Blind cave fish are omnivores and feed on animal and plant remains that wash into the caves and on bat droppings from cave ceilings. Much of their time is spent searching for food; they are able to store four times more energy as fat than their surface-dwelling relatives, allowing them to deal with irregular food supplies.
REMARKS: Two forms of A. mexicanus (eyed and eyeless, being members of the same species,) are closely related and can interbreed.
The loss of eye tissue in the blind cavefish, which occurs within a few days of their development, happens through epigenetic silencing of eye-related genes, according to a study led by the National Institutes of Health. Epigenetic regulation is a process where genes are turned off or on, typically in a reversible or temporary manner. This mechanism differs from genetic mutations, which are permanent changes in the DNA code. The study appears in Nature Ecology & Evolution.
References
California Academy of Sciences Steinhart Aquarium Water planet Senses Cluster, Dr. Bart Sheperd
Ron's flickr www.flickr.com/photos/cas_docents/sets/72157608608528651/...
Ron's Wordpress Shortlink wp.me/p1DZ4b-11I
Read more at: phys.org/news/2018-05-eye-loss-cavefish.html#jCp
NIH phys.org/news/2018-05-eye-loss-cavefish.html
7-3-13, 1-20-16, 5-29-18, 1-25-19
dermal fillers las vegas, botox las vegas, restylane las vegas, juvederm las vegas, med spa las vegas, microdermabrasion las vegas
At All About Skin we specialize in Laser Treatments as well as Photorejuvenation and Photodynamic procedures that reverse sun damage, photo-aging, redness, rosacea, uneven pigmentation, scars, stretch marks, and brown/age spots all with little or no down time. We pride ourselves on the exceptional level of service and personal attention we deliver to our customers...
Laguna Colorada
Laguna Colorada (Red Lagoon) is a shallow salt lake in the southwest of the altiplano of Bolivia, within Eduardo Avaroa Andean Fauna National Reserve
The lake contains borax islands, whose white color contrasts nicely with the reddish color of its waters, which is caused by red sediments and pigmentation of some algae.
James's Flamingos abound in the area. Also it is possible to find Andean and Chilean flamingos, but in a minor quantity.
dermal fillers las vegas, botox las vegas, restylane las vegas, juvederm las vegas, med spa las vegas, microdermabrasion las vegas
At All About Skin we specialize in Laser Treatments as well as Photorejuvenation and Photodynamic procedures that reverse sun damage, photo-aging, redness, rosacea, uneven pigmentation, scars, stretch marks, and brown/age spots all with little or no down time. We pride ourselves on the exceptional level of service and personal attention we deliver to our customers...
From the Llanos region to the Amacuro delta at the mouth of the Orinoco River, more than one-third of Venezuela is made up of humid zones, the habitat of choice of the scarlet ibis (Eudocimus ruber). These waders nest in large colonies in mangroves and move no farther than a few miles to seek food. Carotene derived from the shrimp, crabs, and other crustaceans they eat helps create the characteristic pigmentation of the species. The scarlet ibis’s feathers, at one time used by the indigenous population to make coats and finery, are now a component in the manufacture of artificial flowers. This bird, sought after for its meat as well as its feathers, is now endangered; fewer than 200,000 survive in Central and South America.
Mallards are very common, but such beautiful ducks. I think the leucistic* female below is just as lovely as any other female mallard.
Hardy Falls Regional Park
Peachland, BC
*Leucistic - reduced pigmentation in animals and humans
Member of the Flickr Bird Brigade
Activists for birds and wildlife
The Carolina anole (Anolis carolinensis) is an arboreal lizard found primarily in the southeastern parts of the United States and some Caribbean islands. Common synonyms include the green anole, American anole and red-throated anole. It is sometimes referred to as the American chameleon due to its color-changing abilities; however, it is not a true chameleon.
This species is native to North America, where it is found mainly in the southeastern parts of the continent. Anoles are most abundant on the Atlantic Coastal Plains in North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida and Georgia, and the Gulf Coastal Plain in Texas. The species has been introduced into Hawaii.
Anoles are territorial. In fact some have even been witnessed fighting their own reflection in mirrored glass. Stress in an anole can be identified by several symptoms. These symptoms include a constant shade of brown and a persistent black semicircle behind their eyes and chronic lethargy. In a group of one male and several females some aggressive chasing may occur, but the encounters are short lived and less violent than between males.
During shedding an anole may use its mouth to pull the old skin off and will usually eat it. In addition to discarding their tails, anoles will attempt to bite perceived predators if cornered, which can be somewhat painful, but does not cause much harm other than some scratching of the bite area caused by the lizard's teeth.
When an anole is stressed out, or nervous, they will begin to turn a dark brown. Green means that an anole is happy, healthy, or relaxed. Some anoles, when relaxed, on a hot day will turn a soft yellow-green in color. There are many shades of brown and green. The darker the shade of brown, the more stressed, cold, or possibly ill the lizard is.
Anoles are curious creatures. A healthy lizard usually has a good awareness of its surroundings. The males are very territorial and will fight other males to defend its territory.
The typical breeding season for green anoles starts from as early as April and ends to as late as August and lasts even occasionally into September. It is during this time that the most brilliant displays of these creatures can be seen, as the males must court the females with their elaborate displays of extending their brightly colored dewlaps while bobbing up and down, almost doing a dance for her while she runs in temptation from the male. The pursuit will continue until the two successfully mate. Usually, when the female is ready to mate, she may let the male simply "catch" her and he will thus grasp a hold of a fold of her skin above her neck area, or she will bow her head before him and simply "let" him take his grasp. At this point, the male will position his tail underneath the female's near her vent and the mating ritual will take place.
After a 2–4 week span following mating, the female will lay her first clutch of eggs, usually ranging from 1–2 in the first clutch. She will continue to lay eggs during the season until a total of 10 or so eggs have been produced. When it comes time for her to lay her eggs, she will bury them in the soft soils or compost nearby, and after that she no longer takes any care for it. The egg(s) are left alone to incubate by the light of the sun and if successful will hatch in 30–45 or so days.
The hatchlings must fend for themselves, as anoles are by nature solitary animals since birth and are not cared for by the mother or the father. The young hatchlings must be wary of other adult anoles in the area as well as larger reptiles and mammals who could eat them.
For breeding anoles in captivity, however, for best results the eggs must be taken out of the adults' enclosure and incubated in moist, not wet, vermiculite at a temperature of around 85 degrees Fahrenheit and around 70% humidity. The eggs will hatch within 35–40 or so days.
Once the eggs hatch, the young should be put into their own separate enclosure (separate from the adults), and the enclosure's temps and humidity levels should match that of the adult anoles. Hatchlings can be fed soft-shelled pinhead crickets, small leaf-hoppers, flightless fruit-flies, and other pesticide-free insects that do not exhibit a hard exoskeleton. The same goes true for adults as well. Pesticide-free insects are a must for anoles, so do not go for bugs in the area if you know that pesticides are sprayed or if you live in a rural area with lots of car exhaust and air pollution that can get on the insect.
Generally, the typical coloration for a green anole ranges from the richest and brightest of greens to the darkest of browns, with little variation in between. There are a few exceptions, however, which are caused when a lack in one of the pigment genes occurs. There are three layers of pigment cells – chromatophores that make up the green anole color spectrum: the xanthophores, responsible for the yellow pigmentation; cyanophores, responsible for the blue pigmentation, and melanophores, responsible for the brown and black pigmentation. The combination of the xanthophores and cyanophores are what make up the different arrays of green seen in the green anole, whereas the melanophores are responsible for its change to brown when the anole is cold or stressed. When there is a lack of one of these pigments, color mutations, also called "phases," can occur. In particular, this can lead to the incidence of the rare and beautiful blue-phased green anole, which lacks xanthophores, or the yellow pigment that makes up the green hues of the green anole's color spectrum. What results is a blue, often baby or pastel blue, anole. These rare beauties have become a recent popularity in the trade market. When the anole is completely lacking xanthophores, however, it is said to be axanthic. Such individuals are often completely pastel or baby-blue in hue, however are extremely rare -- usually produced in 1 out of every 20,000 individual anoles in the wild. Other color phases can also occur, such as the yellow-phased green anole, which lacks cyanophores, which are responsible for the blue pigment in the green anole color spectrum. However, none are as popular or as brilliant as the blue-phased green anole. Colonies of these rare color-phased anoles have been reported, but anoles with these color mutations rarely live for long, since the green anole relies on its green and brown camouflage to hunt down prey as well as hide from predators.
The Brown Anole is a highly invasive lizard in the same genus as the Carolina anole. It is native to Cuba and several other Caribbean islands, but has been introduced in Florida and has spread through the state. It has seriously depleted the population of carolina anoles throughout its range, due to competing with them for food and habitat. Some think that these lizards spread when they laid their eggs in potted plants at nurseries, which were then shipped throughout the state.
The information above was gathered from Wikipedia.
Saw the @anastasiabeverlyhills artist palette at @ultabeauty and couldn't leave the store without it. Colors and pigmentation are AH-mazing. So in love. 💜💛 Primed my lid with @maccosmetics paint pot in soft ochre
Layered @makeupgeekcosmetics peach smoothie and MAC soft brown in the crease and up to the brow bone
Deepened the crease with Anastasia Dusty rose and a soft layer of aubergine
Pressed buttery onto the lid and phresh into the inner corner
Topped off with @loraccosmetics front of the line pro liner and layered @lorealparisusa telescopic and miss manga mascaras
57 Likes on Instagram
10 Comments on Instagram:
naturalbornblonde: @elinevanlent1992 ahh I'm so happy to be back!! ☺️☺️
anastasiademery: 💙💙💙💙💙💙
naturalbornblonde: @anastasiademery 😘😘😘
naturalbornblonde: @luv_beautyyy thank you doll! So happy to be back 💜💜💜
metallic_beauty: Pretty!
naturalbornblonde: @metallic_beauty thank you love!
instagram.com/demetria.jones: 💙💙💙💙💙💙💙💘💘💕💕💞💖💔💔💔💗
naturalbornblonde: @demetria.jones ❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️😘😘☺️☺️
A Savvy skin-care LLC , gilbert Esthetician,licenced Esthetician certified Esthetician , corrective peels, chemical peels,anti aging, acne,hyper pigmentation.
One of two albino Eastern Bluebird chicks that fledged 5/30/2008 in Lukfin, TX. A Texas Parks & Wildlife representative confirmed that this is an albino (completely lacks pigmentation, has snowy white feathers, pink eyes & legs) and not a leucistic (has white patches).
Microscopic photo showing nodular tumor proliferation with patchy pigmentation. H & E Stain. 20X. Jian-Hua Qiao, MD, FCAP, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Scientific Name: Ursus maritimus
Description : Polar bears are considered the largest land carnivores in the world, matched only by very large individual Kodiak brown bears. Both sexes differ in size throughout their range; males being much larger than females and continuing to grow for a longer period of time. These bears have long, massive skulls, necks and bodies with long legs and large paws. Ears and tail are short. The nose is more prominent or “Roman†with a black rhinarium (nose pad). The tongue is black and the eyes brown. The surface of the skin is also black. Fur colour varies slightly with the season: new coats grown just prior to the winter season are very white appearing as slightly creamy white against the stark white of their icy winter environment. This pelage is thick, coarse and long with dense underfur. Guard hairs, found throughout the pelage, are shiny, almost glossy, oily and waterproof and have hollow shafts. Polar bears moult annually between the end of May and August. The coat becomes thinner and has a yellow wash or is almost a golden colour.
Male polar bears weigh between 400 – 600 kg, and have been recorded up to a maximum of 800 kg. Females are smaller than the males weighing up to 300 kg, and when pregnant up to 460 kg. Polar bears are 2.5 – 3.5 m long.
Distribution : The polar bear is circumpolar in distribution, inhabiting all Arctic seas and coastlines. It is found on the pack-ice off the Alaskan coast north of Bering Strait, off the coasts of Greenland and along the Eurasian Arctic coast from Spitsbergen to Wrangell Island. Rare stragglers reach Iceland. Individual bears have been seen on the frozen Arctic Ocean as far as latitude 88 degrees North, only 2 degrees from the North Pole. In Canada, they are found along the Arctic coasts from Alaska to Labrador and from the tip of James Bay to northern Ellesmere Island. Polar bears do roam as far as 150 kilometres inland into the coniferous forests, where they live very differently from the polar bears which belong to the high Arctic.
Habitat : They prefer areas of annual ice, which they use as a hunting platform and protective cover. This includes snow-drifted pressure ridges, refrozen cracks and areas of open water surrounded by ice. In areas where the pack ice melts by mid to late summer they come inland and live in coniferous forest areas. Here they remain until the ice re-freezes. Areas of solidly frozen sea ice and the open seas are avoided. Generally they are most common along coastal areas. Some do enter the permanent pack ice.
Food : The ringed seal is by far the most common prey. They also eat bearded seal, harp seal and hooded seal. Young walrus are sometimes taken. During the summer months they feed upon the shoreline carrion, fish, mussels, crabs, starfish, lemmings and the eggs and nestling young of waterfowl and cliff-dwelling birds. They will also graze on kelp, grasses and eat mushrooms and crowberries.
Reproduction and Development : Normally they are solitary animals outside the breeding season, the exception being a mother with cubs. Polar bears mate in mid-summer. Females first start to breed at 3 to 5 years of age. In April and May adult females are in oestrus and ready to accept a mate. They are polyandrous, meaning one female will mate with more than one male in one breeding season. Males fight among themselves for the female’s attention and a couple will pair off for a period of a few days to two weeks. With females, delayed implantation occurs, the fertilized egg does not implant in the uterus until mid-September to mid-October. Embryonic development begins at this time. Gestation periods, therefore, vary a great deal when including this period of delay. Females choose suitable locations to build their maternity dens in mid-October and retreat to them for the winter season. They give birth to one to four cubs somewhere between late November and early January. Twins are most common. The newborns are small; 25 to 30 cm long and weigh less than 1 kg. They are covered with very fine hair, appearing almost naked and their eyes are closed. Their eyes open at 6 weeks. Growth is very quick; at two months their fur has thickened; they weigh about 5 kg and move about the den. By mid-March to early April, when the den is opened, the cubs weigh about 10 kg and are surprisingly strong. The cubs suckle for nine months, occasionally one year. They are very dependent on their mother and stay with her for two years. At that time they weigh 90 - 180 kg and are half grown.
Adaptations : Polar bears are wonderfully adapted to their Arctic surroundings.
Locomotion. On land a shuffling walk may be increased to a rolling gallop of 40 km/h and can outrun caribou over a short distance. Bears are often seen standing high on their hind legs, necks stretched to scan the landscape. On thin ice, legs are spread to distribute body mass. Thickly padded and furred soles allow the bear to move quietly as well as providing good traction. Small bumps and cavities on the soles act like suction cups keeping bears from slipping on the ice. The claws are used to dig into icy slopes and to grip prey. They are strong swimmers, paddling with their forefeet only and trailing their hind feet which act as a rudder. They can stay submerged for over one minute, keeping their eyes open. They swim at a speed of approximately 6.4 km/h, often covering long distances.
Insulation. Polar bears have a thick layer of sub-cutaneous fat and very dense underfur with several layers of glossy guard hair on the outside. Their pelt is much thicker in winter and provides excellent insulation. The fat layer also adds to buoyancy in the water. Water is shed easily from the oily waterproof fur. Small, furry ears have a heavy network of blood vessels, keeping them warm and conserving heat. The tail is short and rounded also conserving heat. Fur is very dense around the soles of the feet.
Pelage. The creamy white appearance of the coat allows the bear to be inconspicuous when hunting seal. Each hair is similar to an optical fibre; colourless and hollow. Being translucent, it reflects the heat from the sun down to the base of the hair, where it is absorbed by the black skin. Whiteness comes from reflection of light rather than pigmentation.
Hunting. Bears use their keen sense of smell to detect seal breathing holes. These can be up to a kilometer away and covered by a layer of snow and ice. They will stand or lie by the seal’s blowhole in the ice for hours; they may swim towards seals resting on the ice flows with only their nose showing above the water. They will dive quietly, then swim up to the ice edge and jump out on the seal, and will also crawl towards a sunbathing seal using every piece of raised ice to conceal the approach.
Denning. Both sexes occupy dens for shelter. Topographic factors influence the den sites. In Canadian core areas, dens frequently occur on south-facing slopes where northerly prevailing winds create the best drifts, where the wind-chill is least and insulation from received solar radiation is greatest. One of the three largest denning areas worldwide is in Canada. There are three main types of winter refuges: maternity dens, temporary dens and winter shelters. During the winter any bear may dig a temporary den and use it for a few days during a storm, or take shelter in a natural cavity. Winter shelters are used for longer periods of time as resting places. This type of shelter is usually roomier with additional features such as alcoves, porches and ventilation holes. Bears do not hibernate in the strict sense of the word; they have the ability to slow down their metabolism to conserve energy at any time of year. The state of self-induced lethargy while in the shelter allows them to preserve their vital fat reserves. During this time, the body temperature of the polar bear decreases by a few degrees from normal and the respiration rates are markedly reduced. Maternity dens are built and occupied by pregnant females and can vary in size. The denning chamber is at the upper end of an entrance tunnel 1 to 2 m long. It averages 1.5 m in diameter with a height of 90 to 100cm in the middle. Drifting snow seals the entrance. The chamber is higher than the tunnel, trapping bear body heat inside. Dens not only provide a safe place to give birth to her cubs, but are also a place of protection for the cubs during their first few months. During this time she does not leave the den, remaining with her cubs and living on her reserves of fat. In the spring, with her fat severely depleted she must leave to find food to sustain herself and her cubs. After they leave the maternity den she will build temporary refuges in which to nurse, rest and shelter her young cubs and warms them as they all sleep together. She heads with her cubs towards the nearest supply of food, usually towards pack ice.
Sight and sounds. Polar bears have good eyesight. Their eyes have inner eyelids that keep the glare of the sun on snow and ice from blinding them. When defending a food source from other bears they use a deep growl. They hiss and snort to show aggression. Angry bears use loud roars and growls. Mothers scold cubs with a low growl.
Threats to Survival : Polar bears are one of the animals most threatened by global warming. They depend entirely on sea ice as a platform from which to hunt seals. Reduction of the total ice cover in the Arctic is a serious concern globally. When the ice does not form or forms too late in the season many polar bears starve. In Hudson Bay, scientists have found the main cause of death for cubs to be either lack of food or lack of fat on nursing mothers. Exploitation of minerals and fossil fuels in the Arctic pose a continuous threat. Of the oil and natural gas deposits globally, 20% are located in the Arctic. As the ice cap recedes these become more accessible. Countries are competing which each other in claiming ownership of Arctic and its resources. This can only result in further and more drastic impact on polar bear habitat.
Status : IUCN: Vulnerable; CITES: Appendix II; COSEWIC: Special Concern
Zoo Diet : Toronto Zoo carnivore diet, dog chow, jumbo smelt and herring, carrots, bean sprouts, Vitamin E and Thiamine supplements.
Toronto Zoo Website
A very rare White coloured Red Kite, only 10 in the world. From what I understand, they have a pigmentation problem that means their plumage stays white.
dermal fillers las vegas, botox las vegas, restylane las vegas, juvederm las vegas, med spa las vegas, microdermabrasion las vegas
At All About Skin we specialize in Laser Treatments as well as Photorejuvenation and Photodynamic procedures that reverse sun damage, photo-aging, redness, rosacea, uneven pigmentation, scars, stretch marks, and brown/age spots all with little or no down time. We pride ourselves on the exceptional level of service and personal attention we deliver to our customers...
Repechage Professional Skin Care is Up Close and Personal: An Intimate Look at Your Skin at Christie & Co Salon Spa in Bayside New York celebrating salon owner Lois Christie's 40th anniversary with an event kick off called Fabulous and Forty.
--
To learn more about Repêchage professional skin care products please visit Repechage
To visit Lydia's blog and learn about Professional Skin Care, Beauty Salon & Spa Advice please visit Lydia Sarfati
To visit Christie & Co Salon and Spa please go to www.christiesalon.com/site.html
A Savvy skin-care LLC , gilbert Esthetician,licenced Esthetician certified Esthetician , corrective peels, chemical peels,anti aging, acne,hyper pigmentation.
This bizzare looking creature is a Jackson's Chameleon, but there are only suppose to be skinks and geckos living here. This is an example of an alien species, and this one sure does look like an alien. You normally find these creatures living in the lush mountains of east Africa, but we have lush mountains here in Hawaii, and it's doing quite well. These guys actually have the ability to change their skin pigmentation to blend in with their surroundings. They also have a prehensile tail, which allows them to hang off tree limbs. In addition to that, these guys also have zygodactilic feet, or fused toes. These guys are also sometime called Three-horned Chameleon, because of those 3 horns that you see on their head. Really neat little animal, the Jackson's Chameleon.
We found this guy on a small tree branch in the Kula Botanical Garden.
When I took this I thought this female Dicyrtomina saundersi was just preparing to jump and deciding against it, but having revisited this image it's possible that the small 'spike' to the left is a spermatophore, and the raising of her front legs (just before this shot) was part of her collecting the package. Can anyone confirm please?
Update: Frans ID suggests a male, so potentially an old spermatophore being consumed for it's protein.
Dinobryon is a colony of cells, each one sitting within a vase-shaped lorica or covering, and the whole colony swims together. The pigmentation of this alga is dominated by brownish to orange hues, giving it a golden-brown color, a feature of the algal group called Chrysophtes. The small red pigment, termed a ‘stigma’ or ‘eye spot’ allows the cells to orient themselves relative to light. Dinobryon species are “mixotrophic” being able to produce their own food through photosynthesis, but also able to capture and digest bacteria. Dinobryon is commonly found in lakes and reservoirs across Colorado.
---------
(Photo by Patrick Kociolek)
Note the lid swelling, increased skin pigmentation around the lid and the injected conjunctiva. The eye is watering and she looks uncomfortable. The other eye appears by to be relatively normal by comparison.
Photo: Anthony Hall.
Published in: Community Eye Health Journal Vol. 18 No. 53 MARCH 2005 www.cehjournal.org
This albino budgerigar (parakeet), named Diode, naturally lacks all pigmentation. Her favorite phrase is, "You're cute!" She also whistles, kisses, and rings like a telephone. (But doesn't answer "hello?")
Albinism is a recessive genetic trait in budgies, who are native to Australia but are commonly kept as pets in many regions of the world.
Photo by Daniel M. Reck.
dermal fillers las vegas, botox las vegas, restylane las vegas, juvederm las vegas, med spa las vegas, microdermabrasion las vegas
At All About Skin we specialize in Laser Treatments as well as Photorejuvenation and Photodynamic procedures that reverse sun damage, photo-aging, redness, rosacea, uneven pigmentation, scars, stretch marks, and brown/age spots all with little or no down time. We pride ourselves on the exceptional level of service and personal attention we deliver to our customers...
Humpback Whales: Black & White
Please don't copy this image without my written permission.
© 2015 All rights reserved: john c. bruckman @ innereye photography
COOL FACTS:
•Males sing complex songs on wintering grounds in Hawaii that can last up to 20 minutes and be heard 20 miles (30 km) away!
•In the Pacific, humpbacks migrate seasonally from Alaska to Hawaii--they can complete the 3,000-mile (4,830 km) trip in as few as 36 days!
•Humpback whales are well known for their long pectoral fins, which can be up to 15 feet (4.6 m) in length. Their scientific name, Megaptera novaeangliae, means "big-winged New Englander" as the New England population was the one best known to Europeans. These long fins give them increased maneuverability; they can be used to slow down or even go backwards.
•Several hunting methods involve using air bubbles to herd, corral, or disorient fish. One highly complex variant, called "bubble netting" is unique to humpbacks. This technique is often performed in groups with defined roles for distracting, scaring, and herding before whales lunge at prey corralled near the surface.
•Their body coloration is primarily dark grey, but individuals have a variable amount of white on their pectoral fins and belly. This variation is so distinctive that the pigmentation pattern on the undersides of their "flukes" is used to identify individual whales, similar to a human fingerprint.
•Humpback whales are the favorite of whale watchers, as they frequently perform aerial displays, such as breaching (jumping out of the water), or slapping the surface with their pectoral fins, tails, or heads.
•Humpback whales travel great distances during their seasonal migration, the farthest migration of any mammal. The longest recorded migration was 5,160 miles (8,300 km); seven animals, including a calf, completed this trek from Costa Rica to Antarctica.
•Also on wintering grounds, males sing complex songs that can last up to 20 minutes and be heard 20 miles (30 km) away. A male may sing for hours, repeating the song several times. All males in a population sing the same song, but that song continually evolves over time. Humpback whale singing has been studied for decades, but scientists still understand very little about its function.
Source: www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/mammals/whales/humpback-whal...
HerbtoniQ Lemon Peel Powder has anti-bacterial and anti-microbial properties which work well in treating acne and oily skin. It also have skin lightening agent which help to remove dark spots, scars and blemishes. This lemon Peel Powder also makes effective face cleansers. All packs, masks and wash made with HerbtoniQ Lemon Peel Powder can be safely applied on all types of skin.
How to use it on Skin: Mix Lemon Peel Powder with curd, the powdered swells a little after contact with water. Apply it on the face, scrubs mildly and stay for 15 minutes. It extracts the excess oil and improves complexion. Mix Lemon Peel Powder with besan, lime juice and apply it, good for skin complexion. Mix Lemon Peel Powder with Green Gram Powder, lime juice it works well on spots, pigmentation and make skin smooth.
Mix Lemon Peel Powder with turmeric it slows skin ag'eing, protect from environment damages, heal scars as turmeric is anti-bacterial, it does wonders.
www.herbtoniq.com/product/herbtoniq-100-natural-lemon-pee...
Scientific Name: Ursus maritimus
Description : Polar bears are considered the largest land carnivores in the world, matched only by very large individual Kodiak brown bears. Both sexes differ in size throughout their range; males being much larger than females and continuing to grow for a longer period of time. These bears have long, massive skulls, necks and bodies with long legs and large paws. Ears and tail are short. The nose is more prominent or “Roman†with a black rhinarium (nose pad). The tongue is black and the eyes brown. The surface of the skin is also black. Fur colour varies slightly with the season: new coats grown just prior to the winter season are very white appearing as slightly creamy white against the stark white of their icy winter environment. This pelage is thick, coarse and long with dense underfur. Guard hairs, found throughout the pelage, are shiny, almost glossy, oily and waterproof and have hollow shafts. Polar bears moult annually between the end of May and August. The coat becomes thinner and has a yellow wash or is almost a golden colour.
Male polar bears weigh between 400 – 600 kg, and have been recorded up to a maximum of 800 kg. Females are smaller than the males weighing up to 300 kg, and when pregnant up to 460 kg. Polar bears are 2.5 – 3.5 m long.
Distribution : The polar bear is circumpolar in distribution, inhabiting all Arctic seas and coastlines. It is found on the pack-ice off the Alaskan coast north of Bering Strait, off the coasts of Greenland and along the Eurasian Arctic coast from Spitsbergen to Wrangell Island. Rare stragglers reach Iceland. Individual bears have been seen on the frozen Arctic Ocean as far as latitude 88 degrees North, only 2 degrees from the North Pole. In Canada, they are found along the Arctic coasts from Alaska to Labrador and from the tip of James Bay to northern Ellesmere Island. Polar bears do roam as far as 150 kilometres inland into the coniferous forests, where they live very differently from the polar bears which belong to the high Arctic.
Habitat : They prefer areas of annual ice, which they use as a hunting platform and protective cover. This includes snow-drifted pressure ridges, refrozen cracks and areas of open water surrounded by ice. In areas where the pack ice melts by mid to late summer they come inland and live in coniferous forest areas. Here they remain until the ice re-freezes. Areas of solidly frozen sea ice and the open seas are avoided. Generally they are most common along coastal areas. Some do enter the permanent pack ice.
Food : The ringed seal is by far the most common prey. They also eat bearded seal, harp seal and hooded seal. Young walrus are sometimes taken. During the summer months they feed upon the shoreline carrion, fish, mussels, crabs, starfish, lemmings and the eggs and nestling young of waterfowl and cliff-dwelling birds. They will also graze on kelp, grasses and eat mushrooms and crowberries.
Reproduction and Development : Normally they are solitary animals outside the breeding season, the exception being a mother with cubs. Polar bears mate in mid-summer. Females first start to breed at 3 to 5 years of age. In April and May adult females are in oestrus and ready to accept a mate. They are polyandrous, meaning one female will mate with more than one male in one breeding season. Males fight among themselves for the female’s attention and a couple will pair off for a period of a few days to two weeks. With females, delayed implantation occurs, the fertilized egg does not implant in the uterus until mid-September to mid-October. Embryonic development begins at this time. Gestation periods, therefore, vary a great deal when including this period of delay. Females choose suitable locations to build their maternity dens in mid-October and retreat to them for the winter season. They give birth to one to four cubs somewhere between late November and early January. Twins are most common. The newborns are small; 25 to 30 cm long and weigh less than 1 kg. They are covered with very fine hair, appearing almost naked and their eyes are closed. Their eyes open at 6 weeks. Growth is very quick; at two months their fur has thickened; they weigh about 5 kg and move about the den. By mid-March to early April, when the den is opened, the cubs weigh about 10 kg and are surprisingly strong. The cubs suckle for nine months, occasionally one year. They are very dependent on their mother and stay with her for two years. At that time they weigh 90 - 180 kg and are half grown.
Adaptations : Polar bears are wonderfully adapted to their Arctic surroundings.
Locomotion. On land a shuffling walk may be increased to a rolling gallop of 40 km/h and can outrun caribou over a short distance. Bears are often seen standing high on their hind legs, necks stretched to scan the landscape. On thin ice, legs are spread to distribute body mass. Thickly padded and furred soles allow the bear to move quietly as well as providing good traction. Small bumps and cavities on the soles act like suction cups keeping bears from slipping on the ice. The claws are used to dig into icy slopes and to grip prey. They are strong swimmers, paddling with their forefeet only and trailing their hind feet which act as a rudder. They can stay submerged for over one minute, keeping their eyes open. They swim at a speed of approximately 6.4 km/h, often covering long distances.
Insulation. Polar bears have a thick layer of sub-cutaneous fat and very dense underfur with several layers of glossy guard hair on the outside. Their pelt is much thicker in winter and provides excellent insulation. The fat layer also adds to buoyancy in the water. Water is shed easily from the oily waterproof fur. Small, furry ears have a heavy network of blood vessels, keeping them warm and conserving heat. The tail is short and rounded also conserving heat. Fur is very dense around the soles of the feet.
Pelage. The creamy white appearance of the coat allows the bear to be inconspicuous when hunting seal. Each hair is similar to an optical fibre; colourless and hollow. Being translucent, it reflects the heat from the sun down to the base of the hair, where it is absorbed by the black skin. Whiteness comes from reflection of light rather than pigmentation.
Hunting. Bears use their keen sense of smell to detect seal breathing holes. These can be up to a kilometer away and covered by a layer of snow and ice. They will stand or lie by the seal’s blowhole in the ice for hours; they may swim towards seals resting on the ice flows with only their nose showing above the water. They will dive quietly, then swim up to the ice edge and jump out on the seal, and will also crawl towards a sunbathing seal using every piece of raised ice to conceal the approach.
Denning. Both sexes occupy dens for shelter. Topographic factors influence the den sites. In Canadian core areas, dens frequently occur on south-facing slopes where northerly prevailing winds create the best drifts, where the wind-chill is least and insulation from received solar radiation is greatest. One of the three largest denning areas worldwide is in Canada. There are three main types of winter refuges: maternity dens, temporary dens and winter shelters. During the winter any bear may dig a temporary den and use it for a few days during a storm, or take shelter in a natural cavity. Winter shelters are used for longer periods of time as resting places. This type of shelter is usually roomier with additional features such as alcoves, porches and ventilation holes. Bears do not hibernate in the strict sense of the word; they have the ability to slow down their metabolism to conserve energy at any time of year. The state of self-induced lethargy while in the shelter allows them to preserve their vital fat reserves. During this time, the body temperature of the polar bear decreases by a few degrees from normal and the respiration rates are markedly reduced. Maternity dens are built and occupied by pregnant females and can vary in size. The denning chamber is at the upper end of an entrance tunnel 1 to 2 m long. It averages 1.5 m in diameter with a height of 90 to 100cm in the middle. Drifting snow seals the entrance. The chamber is higher than the tunnel, trapping bear body heat inside. Dens not only provide a safe place to give birth to her cubs, but are also a place of protection for the cubs during their first few months. During this time she does not leave the den, remaining with her cubs and living on her reserves of fat. In the spring, with her fat severely depleted she must leave to find food to sustain herself and her cubs. After they leave the maternity den she will build temporary refuges in which to nurse, rest and shelter her young cubs and warms them as they all sleep together. She heads with her cubs towards the nearest supply of food, usually towards pack ice.
Sight and sounds. Polar bears have good eyesight. Their eyes have inner eyelids that keep the glare of the sun on snow and ice from blinding them. When defending a food source from other bears they use a deep growl. They hiss and snort to show aggression. Angry bears use loud roars and growls. Mothers scold cubs with a low growl.
Threats to Survival : Polar bears are one of the animals most threatened by global warming. They depend entirely on sea ice as a platform from which to hunt seals. Reduction of the total ice cover in the Arctic is a serious concern globally. When the ice does not form or forms too late in the season many polar bears starve. In Hudson Bay, scientists have found the main cause of death for cubs to be either lack of food or lack of fat on nursing mothers. Exploitation of minerals and fossil fuels in the Arctic pose a continuous threat. Of the oil and natural gas deposits globally, 20% are located in the Arctic. As the ice cap recedes these become more accessible. Countries are competing which each other in claiming ownership of Arctic and its resources. This can only result in further and more drastic impact on polar bear habitat.
Status : IUCN: Vulnerable; CITES: Appendix II; COSEWIC: Special Concern
Zoo Diet : Toronto Zoo carnivore diet, dog chow, jumbo smelt and herring, carrots, bean sprouts, Vitamin E and Thiamine supplements.
Toronto Zoo Website
Bladder wrack, Fucus vesiculosus, and the common jellyfish, Aurelia aurita, Loch Eriboll, Ard Neackie, Sutherland. The air bladders keep the algae near the sea's surface, to capture as much light energy as possible for photosynthesis. The brown pigmentation protect the algae's cells from damage by sunlight.
Price : Rs. 295.00
Pack Size: 125 gms
Description:
Perk up your mornings with this luxurious bar which is a great source of anti-oxidants and is one of the best natural deodorizer.
Skin Type:
All skin types
Ingredients:
Coffee Powder
Barley
Basil
Neem
Fresh Aloe Vera extract
How to Use:
Use with luke warm water. Gently apply to skin to create lather and rinse.
Benefits:
Coffee is loaded with anti-oxidants which prevents pre-mature ageing
Barley helps in improving the skin elasticity and keeps it toned
Basil & Neem helps in clearing acne, pigmentation and blackheads leading to a radiant skin
Aloe Vera acts as a moisturizer, treats acne, fights ageing and reduces stretch marks
Did You Know?
Males sing complex songs on wintering grounds in Hawaii, that can last up to 20 minutes and be heard 20 miles (30 km) away!
In the Pacific, humpbacks migrate seasonally from Alaska to Hawaii--they can complete the 3,000-mile (4,830 km) trip in as few as 36 days!
Species Description:
Weight:25-40 tons (50,000-80,000 pounds; 22,000-36,000 kg);
newborns weigh about 1 ton (2,000 pounds; 900 kg)
Length:Up to 60 feet (18 m), with females larger than males;
newborns are about 15 feet (4.5 m) long
Appearance: Primarily dark grey, with some areas of white
Lifespan:About 50 years
Diet:Tiny crustaceans (mostly krill), plankton, and small fish; they can consume up to 3,000 pounds (1360 kg) of food per day
Behavior:Breaching (jumping out of the water), or slapping the surface
Humpback whales are well known for their long pectoral fins, which can be up to 15 feet (4.6 m) in length. Their scientific name, Megaptera novaeangliae, means "big-winged New Englander" as the New England population was the one best known to Europeans. These long fins give them increased maneuverability; they can be used to slow down or even go backwards.
Similar to all baleen whales, adult females are larger than adult males, reaching lengths of up to 60 feet (18 m). Their body coloration is primarily dark grey, but individuals have a variable amount of white on their pectoral fins and belly. This variation is so distinctive that the pigmentation pattern on the undersides of their "flukes" is used to identify individual whales, similar to a human fingerprint.
Humpback whales are the favorite of whale watchers, as they frequently perform aerial displays, such as breaching (jumping out of the water), or slapping the surface with their pectoral fins, tails, or heads.
In the summer, humpbacks are found in high latitude feeding grounds, such as the Gulf of Maine in the Atlantic and Gulf of Alaska in the Pacific. In the winter, they migrate to calving grounds in subtropical or tropical waters, such as the Dominican Republic in the Atlantic and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific. The Arabian Sea humpback does not migrate, remaining in tropical waters all year.
Humpback whales travel great distances during their seasonal migration, the farthest migration of any mammal. The longest recorded migration was 5,160 miles (8,300 km); seven animals, including a calf, completed this trek from Costa Rica to Antarctica. One of the more closely studied routes is between Alaska and Hawaii, where humpbacks have been observed making the 3,000-mile (4,830 km) trip in as few as 36 days.
During the summer months, humpbacks spend the majority of their time feeding and building up fat stores (blubber) that they will live off of during the winter. Humpbacks filter feed on tiny crustaceans (mostly krill), plankton, and small fish and can consume up to 3,000 pounds (1,360 kg) of food per day. Several hunting methods involve using air bubbles to herd, corral, or disorient fish. One highly complex variant, called "bubble netting" is unique to humpbacks. This technique is often performed in groups with defined roles for distracting, scaring, and herding before whales lunge at prey corralled near the surface.
In their wintering grounds, humpback whales congregate and engage in mating activities. Humpbacks are generally polygynous "having multiple female mates" with males exhibiting competitive behavior on wintering grounds. Aggressive and antagonistic behaviors include chasing, vocal and bubble displays, horizontal tail thrashing, and rear body thrashing. Males within these groups also make physical contact, striking or surfacing on top of one another. These bouts can cause injuries ranging from bloody scrapes to, in one recorded instance, death. Also on wintering grounds, males sing complex songs that can last up to 20 minutes and be heard 20 miles (30 km) away. A male may sing for hours, repeating the song several times. All males in a population sing the same song, but that song continually evolves over time. Humpback whale singing has been studied for decades, but scientists still understand very little about its function.
Gestation lasts for about 11 months. Newborns are 13-16 feet (4-5 m) long and grow quickly from the highly nutritious milk of their mothers. Weaning occurs between 6-10 months after birth. Mothers are protective and affectionate towards their calves, swimming close and frequently touching them with their flippers. Males do not provide parental support for calves. Breeding usually occurs once every two years, but sometimes occurs twice in a three-year span.
Habitat
During migration, humpbacks stay near the surface of the ocean.
While feeding and calving, humpbacks prefer shallow waters. During calving, humpbacks are usually found in the warmest waters available at that latitude. Calving grounds are commonly near offshore reef systems, islands, or continental shores.
Humpback feeding grounds are in cold, productive coastal waters.
Distribution
Humpback whales live in all major oceans from the equator to sub-polar latitudes.
In the North Pacific, there are at least three separate populations:
California/Oregon/Washington stock that winters in coastal Central America and Mexico and migrates to areas ranging from the coast of California to southern British Columbia in summer/fall;
Central North Pacific stock that winters in the Hawaiian Islands and migrates to northern British Columbia/ Southeast Alaska and Prince William Sound west to Kodiak; and Western North Pacific stock that winters near Japan and probably migrates to waters west of the Kodiak Archipelago (the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands) in summer/fall. There is some mixing between these populations, though they are still considered distinct stocks.
Threats
Humpback whales face a series of threats including:
entanglement in fishing gear
Whale watch harassment
Habitat impacts
Harvest
Humpbacks can become entangled in fishing gear, either swimming off with the gear or becoming anchored. We have observed incidental "take" of humpback whales in the California/ Oregon swordfish and thresher shark drift gillnet fishery. Potential entanglement from gear from several fisheries can occur on their long migration from Hawaii to Alaska. Humpbacks in Hawaii have been observed entangled in long line gear, crab pots, and other non-fishery-related lines.
Inadvertent ship strikes can injure or kill humpbacks. Whale watching vessels may stress or even strike whales. The central North Pacific stock is the focus of a whale-watching industry on their wintering grounds in the Hawaiian Islands. The feeding aggregation in southeast Alaska is also the focus of a developing whale-watching industry that may impact whales in localized areas.
Shipping channels, fisheries, and aquaculture may occupy or destroy humpback whale aggregation areas. Recreational use of marine areas, including resort development and increased boat traffic, may displace whales that would normally use that area. In Hawaii, acoustic impacts from vessel operation, oceanographic research using active sonar, and military operations are also of increasing concern.
Source: www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/mammals/whales/humpback-whal...
The New Zealand sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri) is the most endangered sealion in the world.
It is distinguished from other New Zealand otariids by their blunt nose and short whiskers. They have sexual dimorphism, ie males and females are physically different.
Adult females (rāpoko):
length 180–200 cm
weight 85–160 kg
lighter in colour, predominantly creamy grey with darker pigmentation around their flippers.
The age of maturity for females is 3–4 years and the gestation period around 10 months. The average estimated reproductive rate of adult female New Zealand sea lions is 65% per year.
Adult males (whakahao):
length 240–350 cm
weight 320–450 kg
brown to black in colour with well-developed manes reaching to the shoulders.
Males are sexually mature when 5 years old, but they can't sire their first pup until they are strong enough to hold their own territory, at about 8-9 years old.
We treat the following:
Wrinkles, Fine Lines, Scars Acne, Dry Skin, Redness, Rosacea, Broken Capillaries Pregnancy Mask, Sun Damage, Hyper-pigmentation, Unwanted TattoosLip Augmentation, Facial Folds & Facial Asymmetry, Smile Lines, Brow Lift, Smokers’ Lines, Collagen & Elastin Remodeling, Puffy Eyes
Seen in a park in Great Yarmouth Tuesday 17th April 1990 was this bird which I believe to be laucistic. Although slightly larger than the average blackbird it behaved like a blackbird and I have found no other bird in my books of European and British birds which match its appearance. Leucism is a genetic condition which results in some of the feathers having no pigmentation and appearing white. I understand that there have been instances of all white blackbirds.
Another photo showing a mixture of black and white feathers on the bird’s breast can be seen here:-
Can anyone confirm (or correct) my assumptions about this bird?
Juvenile millipede from the Polydesmida order, Xystodesmidae family. Probably a species in the genus Xystocheir. To determine the species, it is necessary to examine details of the genitalia of the mature male. This specimen has just recently molted and has not yet achieved full pigmentation. Portola Redwoods State Park. San Mateo Co., Calif.
Trinity é uma das duas cadelas que foram abandonadas juntas e prenhes na área do meu trabalho. E agora precisam de um lar.
Ambas apresentam a síndrome de Waadenburg. Uma síndrome não tão rara e que é apresentada também em humanos.
A Síndrome de Waanderburg, descrita em 1951 pelo oftalmologista e geniticista holandês J.P. Waanderburg é uma condição autossômica dominante.
Os sinais clínicos são:
- deslocamento lateral do canto interno dos olhos,
- raiz nasal proeminente e alargada,
hiperplasia da porção medial dos supercílios,
- mecha branca frontal,
- heterocromia total ou parcial da íris (um olho azul outro escuro),
- surdez congênita.
Mais informações busque: Martins, C.H.F. et alli, Rev. Bras. de Otorrinolaringol. V69, n1, 117-9, jan - fev 2003.
disponível em:
www.scielo.br/pdf/rboto/v69n1/a19v69n1.pdf
_______________________
Waadenburg´s Syndrome, first described in 1951 by J.P. Waanderburg, is an autossomal dominant condition.
The clinical signis are lateral displacement of the inner canthi of the yees, confluent eyebrows, brad and proiminent nasal root, pigmentation changes of the irises and skin (one eye blue and another dark ), sensorineural deafness, white forelock or early graying of the hair.
For more information: Martins, C.H.F. et alli, Rev. Bras. de Otorrinolaringol. V69, n1, 117-9, jan - fev 2003.
or visit:
Malta is known for having one of the best oranges in the world commonly known as Malta Oranges or Blood Oranges due to strong red pigmentation in the juice of some of its varieties
We had an interesting visitor to the feeders at home yesterday. This leucistic Morning Dove (leucistic is the term for an animal lacking pigmentation but not fully albino) was hanging out with the rest of the doves all morning. His feathers were a beautiful off-white color. Pretty neat!
The Common Buckeye is a permanent resident in the southern United States and north along the coasts to central California and North Carolina; south to Bermuda, Cuba, Isle of Pines, and southern Mexico. Adults from the south's first brood migrate north in late spring and summer to temporarily colonize most of the United States and parts of southern Canada.
Adult butterlies favorite nectar sources are composites including aster, chickory, gumweed, knapweed, and tickseed sunflower. Dogbane, peppermint, and other flowers are also visited.
The caterpillar host plants are from the snapdragon family including snapdragon (Antirrhinum) and toadflax (Linaria); the plantain family including plantains (Plantago); and the acanthus family including ruellia (Ruellia nodiflora).
Habitat includes open, sunny areas with low vegetation and some bare ground.
Male Buckeyes typically perch during the day on low plants or bare ground to watch for females, flying periodically to patrol or to chase away other flying insects. Females lay eggs singly on leaf buds or on upperside of host plant leaves. Typically two to three broods from May - October, throughout the year in the Deep South. Caterpillars are solitary and eat leaves. Caterpillars and adults overwinter, but only in the south.
Buckeyes (Junonia) are known for their distinctive bold pattern of eyespots and white bars on the upper wing surface. The eyespots likely serve to startle or distract predators, especially young birds. Common Buckeyes exhibit seasonal polyphenism, or better known as polyphenic pigmentation, which is adaptive for insect species that undergo multiple matings each year. Different pigmentation patterns provide appropriate camouflage throughout the seasons, as well as alter heat retention as temperatures change. The summer version of the Common Buckeye has light yellowish ventral wings and is called "linea". The Fall morph has pinkish ventral wings, and is called the "rosa" morph.
ISO400, aperture f/11, exposure .003 seconds (1/350) focal length 300mm
We provide services like Paraffin manicure for extremely dry and matured skin , Paraffin pedicure for extremely dry feet and cracked feet, Underarms lightening treatment in pune, Guaranteed face polishing treatments in Pune, Anti Pigmentation treatment ,Hair loss treatments
Ease out fine lines, tone sagging muscles and liven up that tired sluggish look.
Helps clear dark circles around the eyes and gradually eliminates hyper-pigmentation.
Ideal for sun-damaged skin where the skin has become thin and fragile and protects from further damage.
TAXONOMY
Class: Elasmobranchii (Sharks and rays),
Order: Rajiformes (Skates and rays)
Family: Potamotrygonidae (River stingrays)
Genus/species: Potamotrygon sp.
DISTRIBUTION: Collected in the Rio Tapajos River, Brazil.
HABITAT: The shallows of major rivers and slow-moving tributaries with substrates of mud or sand. Lost ability to retain urea decreasing osmolarity for fresh water unlike salt water relatives.
APPEARANCE: Patterning is highly variable, with no two examples appearing the same. Some have golden markings, while others are almost white. Similarly, the amount of darker pigmentation can also vary in both shade and coverage.
REMARKS: Consumed by native tribes of the Amazon.
Potamotrygon sp. Have a venomous barb which can cause a serious and painful wound usually in the lower leg. (Walking with a shuffling gate in water will encourage the ray to move out of the way.) In severe wounds symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, fainting, salivation, muscle cramps, diarrhea, seizures, shock and rarely death. Initial treatment uses hot water to help inactivate the venom.
*Not currently on exhibit 10-1-14, 3-2-18