View allAll Photos Tagged lunarlanding
“"Rendezvous with CSM"
Almost exclusively available, published, posted, etc. (in color) from its lithograph source, from which I believe the above caption is taken.
Based on the perspective depicted, shouldn't it be "Rendezvous with LEM (ascent stage)"? Craig Kavafes…that's all that really matters.
The 'NASA-S-65-7186' equivalent of the photo bears the description of "LEM HEAD-ON DOCKING PICTURE".
Striking Carl Zoschke depiction of Lunar Excursion Module (LEM) ascent stage liftoff, circa 1964.
Mr. Zoschke was senior artist for Bell Aerosystems Company, manufacturer of the LEM Ascent Propulsion System (APS).
If not for Patrick Short/Popular Science online magazine (other than a WorthPoint listing, which doesn't lend itself to a ‘professional looking’ post), this basically would not exist online...at least not that I've come across thus far. WRONG answer.
From/at the following link. To the reporter's credit, the image is taken from an amazing book btw. I have firsthand knowledge that the dude that provided additional research for it, BUSTED HIS ASS doing so:
www.popsci.com/story/space/nasa-art-illustrations/
This is the image referenced in the last bullet of Chuck LaChiusa's “Buffalo Architecture and History” website, at, and posted below:
“Explorers leaving the rocket will be encased in airtight, temperature- and pressure-controlled moon suits with facilities for light, power and communications. Power is generated by thermocouple effect as the sun shines on the large disks.”
Above per the caption of the image, as published in the September 7, 1946 issue of Collier’s Magazine, of an article by G. Edward Pendray entitled “NEXT STOP THE MOON”.
The – I’ll spare you the excessive adjectives that this deserves – depiction is by Baron Sándor Leidenfrost, aka Alexander Leydenfrost.
I CANNOT believe I’d never even heard of Mr. Leydenfrost. Mind-blowing works by him. Although I’m not surprised, as a Hungarian, he was of course predisposed to being a genius.
See also:
www.pinterest.com/pin/466404105159926895/
Credit: user “The Rockle”/Pinterest
Entertaining:
illustrationart.blogspot.com/2009/08/alexander-leydenfros...
Credit: David Apatoff/”ILLUSTRATION ART” blog
Finally, interestingly, a little intriguingly – I’m sure only to me – the photograph may be of German origin. The stamped text, visible through the lower unmarked sticker, is of a Stuttgart entity & the erased cursive caption is written in German. In fact, the large text of the German stamp translates to “ONLY ON LOAN”. And, although I’m curious about the handwritten portion, I don’t have it in me to manipulate the image, decipher letters & translate it.
The fact that the text was erased, not just crossed out, would seem to suggest that this photograph merited some level of care, hence I suppose it still being around, in excellent condition at that. The date range is a total guess of course.
“Their 18-hours on the moon completed, two astronauts blast off from the lunar surface aboard their lunar module. They will rendezvous with a third astronaut in a mother ship orbiting the moon, and the three will make the return trip to Earth.
Gotta love those mountains, the color, the texture, steep slopes and of course, the jagged peaks.
Credit: Bell Aerosystems Company”
The above is per a 1966 World Book Encyclopedia Science Services caption for the photo.
By supremely talented Bell Aerosystems artist/technical illustrator Carl Zoschke. Sadly, despite his long tenure with the company - to include during their heyday - I know of only a handful of works by the man, all stunning. Incredibly disappointing.
(I think) within, or as an evolution of NASA’s grand/grandiose “Integrated Program Plan”, incorporating the modularized multi-purpose “Space Tug” concept, a Lunar Surface Base is depicted in this possible 1971 artist’s concept.
The habitable shirtsleeve-environment module is in the foreground, with a/the cargo lander variant in the background. Further to the left is a cargo module, emplaced/partially buried along/within the ridge of the small lunar graben/rille(?). Behind the cargo module is a lunar drill. The lunar rover is of course, self-evident.
Artist unknown. Albert Lane maybe? Renato Moncini? Likely never to be determined? Yeah, that sounds about right.
A variant, and if the hand-annotated identification/year extrapolation is correct, a/the possible precursor of this depiction is featured as Figure 29 within the following document:
ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19700026519
Many wonderful artist’s concepts within the above can be found all over the place, with very little rhyme or reason actually. But hey, at least they’re out there.
The “Integrated Program Plan”. If you can’t trust David S. F. Portree, who can you trust WRT this stuff:
spaceflighthistory.blogspot.com/2016/01/thinking-big-traf...
Credit: David S. F. Portree/”No Shortage of Dreams” blogspot
A delightful depiction of Lunar Excursion Module (LEM) ascent stage liftoff from the moon, as part of a series of Marquardt Corporation ads, circa 1962/63. Marquardt was the manufacturer of the Reaction Control System (RCS) engines for both the LEM & Command/Service Module.
Despite what appears to be a stylized/logo-like "K" or “JK” near the lower border of the image, I believe the artist of this, along with the other works in this series of ads, to be David "Dave" Hawbecker.
A totally unexpected find, I’m almost giddy - I don’t get giddy - therefore a huge WIN.
Note the cloudless earth…thus drawing one’s eye to the masterful three-dimensional rendering of the mountainous western regions of both North & South America. Well played Mr. Hawbecker. 👍
However, this is still what I hear when I look at the RCS thruster plume. 😉
m.youtube.com/watch?v=dwiompXH6kI&feature=youtu.be
Credit: John Majka/YouTube
Additionally, purportedly, also by the hand of Mr. Hawbecker. If so, a WIN WithIN a WIN...cha-ching. I would've LOVED to have seen the entire lot:
profilesinhistory.com/flipbooks/Historical91/mobile/index...
Credit: "Profiles in History" auction house website
“FIRST HUMAN ON THE MOON . . . America’s astronauts will select samples of lunar materials for scientific analysis. Both astronauts will be away from the Lunar Module during the visit.”
8.5” x 11”. On a slightly thicker card stock than commonly associated with or expected of a lithograph.
Part of an Aerojet-General Corporation souvenir packet distributed by a Sacramento CBS affiliate, KXTV 10, in conjunction with its coverage of the Apollo 11 mission - “MAN ON THE MOON: THE EPIC JOURNEY OF APOLLO 11”.
The wonderful artwork is by Aerojet-General’s talented resident artist of the time, George Mathis, aka A. Tinker.
My only question - how’d he get down to the surface? 😉 Also, I wish I could figure out his copyright-looking little symbol thing.
Like so many "Apollo/space" artists: talented, prolific and subsequently, often...incredibly diverse. There is quiet satisfaction in supporting the preservation & propagation of these good folks' works, and hopefully, in some meager way, honoring their respective contributions & legacy.
What a body of work, and gratifying to see WSU doing their part:
ntserver1.wsulibs.wsu.edu/masc/finders/pc90.htm
Credit: Manuscripts, Archives & Special Collections/Washington State University website
Since there’s no such thing as too much Lunar (Excursion) Module, nor too much Craig Kavafes works, this is a two-fer. 👍
The scene depicts Lunar Orbit Insertion (LOI). Note the LEM’s round egress/ingress hatch/combination forward docking port (not really sure about that in 1965) and lack of a ladder.
Note also the Block I Command Module, identifiable by the 'vertically' oriented pitch reaction control system thrusters. Incorrect by this time I'd think. But hey, that's a NAA-thing, and the responsibility of THEIR artists to get right.
Beautiful. Striking. Timeless.
“Apollo Lunar Landing. (Courtesy of TRW Systems)”
Above per the first/”contents” page.
Beautiful work, one of many, by TRW’s immensely talented resident artist, John Desatoff. Beautiful despite the choice of tint by I suppose Francis Bremmer, Editor In Chief.
Based on the “TM-1 like” appearance of the Lunar Module, along with the space suits, this may have originally been rendered ca. 1964/65.
I wonder what that tripod-mounted, transmit/receive gizmo is. The approaching Astronaut appears to be toting an ALSRC.
“LUNAR TESTS -- Jack Mays, a test subject from the MSC Crew Systems Division, wears an International Latex Corporation spacesuit under a thermal overgarment during tests at the Lunar Topographical Simulation Area. He is also wearing a Portable Life Support System (PLSS) back pack. A full-scale mock-up of a Lunar Module is in background.”
Jack Mays:
Credit: Manned Space/YouTube
A wonderful ca. 1966-69 NASA artist’s concept depicting LM ascent stage liftoff from the moon.
Fortunately, the signature is visible, and it’s by Lois A. Smith! A WIN!
I believe the depiction of the lunar terrain, and of course the LM, may allow me to identify other works by her. If so, outstanding.
I didn’t know Epson made photographic paper. And it’s a heavier weight than I would’ve expected. An unexpected & pleasant surprise.
The Art of NASA: THE ILLUSTRATIONS THAT SOLD THE MISSIONS, cover/dust jacket
The time has come for blatant self-promotion...my health is deteriorating more quickly than I'd like, primarily the ability to walk. Not meant to elicit any maudlin sentiment, merely stating fact, it being the impetus for this album.
As a handful of you've probably deduced, I have way too much of this stuff. The time to divest - enmasse if possible - has arrived. So, I'm compelled to attempt to generate a little 'buzz', and I'm hoping the content of this album is a small step in that direction. I'm not kidding myself, I'm a nobody & I know this will barely create a ripple, but I have to start somewhere.
There are way too many animals suffering in the world, absolutely horrifically in many instances, by the actions/inactions of humans. That's where I need to focus whatever efforts I can muster, in ways I'm not yet even sure of.
Whatever it is, money from this (hoped for) liquidation will help.
“This is an artist’s conception of a three-man moon vehicle preparing ground for a lunar base. The vehicle is of the type which could be driven by a new power system designed by the Martin Company. The new system, the company says, would provide electrical power for motors which would drive the vehicle’s tracks. The system’s exhausts would be regenerated by a nuclear reactor and re-used by [the] vehicle. Primary source of power would be a turbine generator driven by hydrogen gas under pressure.”
Oh happy day...in all the years I’ve come across this image, this is the first with some meat to its description…finally...and it's by John Gorsuch!
As pointed out by Mr. Dempsey in one of the below linked images, “note the intentionally obscured NASA "Meatball" emblem on the antenna pylon of the closest bulldozer.”
“NASA has revealed a new system of voice communication via a light beam that both space and down-to-earth-potential. It is called a Retrometer. The space agency says it can assist astronauts in spacecraft docking operations and provide communication after they land on the bare face of a strange planet. The Retrometer also may be used in industrial plants or factories, on construction sites, and in theaters and conventions for audience participation.”
Thanks to Google Books, the other odd potential uses are illustrated, as contained within a NASA technology utilization report entitled "THE RETROMETER: A Light-Beam Communications System", Source " Numa E. Thomas, Langley Research Center, dated March 1964:
books.google.com/books?id=V98gAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA10&so...
Still, they (and this) look like the ads on the back pages of my Silver Age comic books, right next to the ad for x-ray glasses and the mailing address/cost for ordering your “How to build your own hovercraft” instructions.
I've NEVER seen this photo ID numbering.
“They will rendezvous with the mother ship orbiting the moon about 70 miles up (2).”
Based on the stamped date, issued in conjunction with the flight of Apollo 11. And as part of the press release, labeled as photo no. 2. Image no. 1 of this press release is linked to below.
Contrary to the press slug/caption, I think this depicts LM ascent stage jettison. The ‘cluttered’ appearance of the ascent stage’s drogue assembly would seem to confirm this as well, which is indeed evident in inflight photographs of jettisoned ascent stages. Finally, based on the appearance of the spacecraft, this was possibly the final/near final NAA rendering of the Apollo mission timeline ‘storyboard’.
As with those earlier renderings, I think it’s by Gary Meyer.
Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation (GAEC) print/artwork, ca. 1967, depicting the docked Lunar Module-Command/Service Module stack prior to undocking and a/the lunar landing.
GAEC + LEM/LM + artist's concept = (almost exclusively) Craig Kavafes. However, his signature is not to be found, unlike the vast majority of his other work, even early on. Additionally, this doesn't quite look to be by his hand IMHO. Whoever it was, it really looks like the coveted Precise Models Inc. LM model served as the “model”.
Note also how ‘pointy’ the Command Module is, with its SpaceX Crew Dragon-like appearance. Being GAEC-produced artwork, I think accurate depiction of the NAA-manufactured Command/Service Module was not a hard & fast requirement.
Regardless, I love it.
A wonderful and iconic…familiar at least, maybe, to those of my generation with similar interests…depiction of humankind’s first steps on the moon, as rendered by NASA’s talented artist, Albert Lane. The image featured prominently in “NASA FACTS” NF-40/11-67, as the ‘centerspread’ of the fold-out format publication.
So, obviously, the work was first published in 1967, a year after Norman Rockwell’s rendering (also iconic) of the similar perspective. Both (Rockwell’s at least) I believe were/was based to some degree, on the series of photographs of Jack Mays’ training activities in/on/around the LM mockup on the Lunar Topographical Simulation Area, Manned Spacecraft Center.
As if that wasn’t enough, Tony Tallarico’s iconic, yes iconic cover artwork of the venerable & beloved “APOLLO Man on the Moon COLORING BOOK” appears to be a straight-up copy of Mr. Lane’s work, with minor lunar landscape alterations & repositioning of the earth, CSM & Astronaut coming down the ladder. Finally, as a tragic aside, the image of the Astronaut in the foreground of the coloring book was taken from an i**n*c photograph of Ronald Redick of Bendix Corporation’s Aerospace Systems Division, demonstrating the deployment of the EASEP LRRR.
Tragic due to the following…as I’m pretty sure they’re one-in-the-same:
www.mlive.com/news/grand-rapids/2018/11/ronald_redick_fin...
Credit: “mLIVE Michigan” website
At least NOT tragic, and although inevitable, still sad:
Tony Tallarico…continue to RIP Good Sir:
www.dailycartoonist.com/index.php/2022/01/07/tony-tallari...
Credit: “The Daily Cartoonist” website
“The Apollo 12 Astronauts Charles Conrad and Alan Bean walk across the lunar surface to the Surveyor III spacecraft. The Lunar Module landing site is 1,113 ft. away in the Sea of Storms area. The second extravehicular activity is to retrieve the TV camera off the Surveyor spacecraft returning to the Lunar Module via different routes picking up lunar samples. This is the second U.S. manned lunar landing mission.”
Yet another beautiful work by Craig Kavafes, exercising a little bit of artistic license to capture both vehicles.
Compare to Russell Arasmith's depiction of the same event, using even more artistic license:
www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/0901698...
Note the Lunar Equipment Conveyor (LEC) on the lunar surface, leading back up the ladder into the Lunar Module. The LEC was used to transfer cargo (primarily lunar samples I believe) & equipment (mostly cameras I think) into and out of the LM. I don't think I've ever seen the LEC depicted in any other LM artwork, but then again, this is Mr. Kavafes.
The highlight of Yuri's Night for me was meeting Buzz Aldrin, the American astronaut who on the Apollo 11 lunar landing was the second person to set foot on the moon.
photo by Scott Beale / Laughing Squid
This photo is licensed under a Creative Commons license. If you use this photo within the terms of the license or make special arrangements to use the photo, please list the photo credit as "Scott Beale / Laughing Squid" and link the credit to laughingsquid.com.
“Artist rendering of Lunar Colonization.”
Good grief. Minimal effort, not really accurate, unnecessary capitalization - yessiree Bob - just a few of the hallmarks of a N(Ass)A-defecated caption/description.
Being of Grumman Aerospace Corporation (GAC) origination, confirmed by the spacecraft & vehicles depicted, and of course, it being by the hand of the indomitable Craig Kavafes, I'm sure the original issuance of this was accompanied by articulate & informative verbiage.
However, the comprehension & transcription of such would’ve required way too much work, at odds with/beyond the ‘recipient’s’ workplace culture/capability.
Based on the tracks, the MOLAB's point of origin would appear to be the descent module in the background. Although I'd never really considered the means by which the MOLAB would've been transported to the lunar surface, this still struck me. So, it apparently took the place of the ascent module...in a folded configuration I assume? Idle & inquiring mind(s) want(s) to know.
For vehicle representation & identification (other than the MOLAB), see:
history.nasa.gov/alsj/LM23_LM_Derivatives_LMD1-13.pdf
and/or:
www.secretprojects.co.uk/threads/apollo-lm-derived-projec...
Credit: SECRET PROJECTS FORUM website (account required for higher resolution viewing)
and/or:
www.secretprojects.co.uk/attachments/grummanspider-pdf.13...
Credit: See above (user “blackstar”)
Plenty of others are available all over the place.
A wonderful, rarely seen artist’s concept of an early Lunar Excursion Module (LEM) ascent stage liftoff, which also depicts its flight path to rendezvous & docking with the orbiting Command/Service Module (CSM).
This is posted primarily for my edification. As seen here, it was the cover of the March 1963 issue of “Space/Aeronautics: THE MAGAZINE OF AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGIES” magazine. I was not familiar with this publication, other than referencing it in a previous Mercury capsule posting. This & other issues I came upon are not only hefty (this one being 5/16” thick/200+ pages) but also contain quality content. This seems to have been a periodical to reckon with. Disappointingly however, I could not find any reference within it regarding the cover.
The ’edification’ part: Fortunately, I stumbled upon the original artwork several years ago, posted below. While possessing it is all fine & dandy, what was really most gratifying was that through EXHAUSTIVE ASS-PAIN-INDUCING RESEARCH – I was able to identify the artist – Donald Crowley. THAT, in my pseudo-pathetic world, was the equivalent of finding & opening an obscure treasure chest of artist/art history. Not only Mr. Crowley’s amazing career progression/journey, which in and of itself would’ve been enough, but selfishly & nostalgically, the revelations of his unacknowledged, yet ubiquitous works.
For those my age, the “HOW AND WHY Wonder Book of [fill in the cool activity/discipline]” series were a coveted staple of enlightenment, education and the stirring of the imagination while growing up. Unfortunately, Mr. Crowley’s prodigious and gorgeous contributions to them were mis- or totally uncredited! What I, and maybe a few others recall the most & frankly, were imprinted with, were the covers, most of which were at the hands of this man.
For me, a multifaceted MEGA-WIN.
“A Grumman Aerospace Corporation artist's concept of Apollo 14 crewmen, Astronauts Alan B. Shepard Jr., commander, and Edgar D. Mitchell, lunar module pilot, as they set out on their first traverse. Shepard is pulling the Modularized Equipment Transporter (MET) which contains cameras, lunar sample bags, tools and other paraphernalia. Shepard has the Laser Ranging Retro-Reflector (LR-3) in his other hand. Mitchell is carrying the Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package (ALSEP) barbell mode.”
Craig Kavafes – AWESOME.
(July 24, 1969) The Apollo 11 crew await pickup by a helicopter from the USS Hornet, prime recovery ship for the historic Apollo 11 lunar landing mission. The fourth man in the life raft is a United States Navy underwater demolition team swimmer. All four men are wearing Biological Isolation Garments (BIG). The Apollo 11 Command Module "Columbia," with astronauts Neil A. Armstrong, Michael Collins, and Edwin E. Aldrin Jr. splashed down at 11:49 a.m. (CDT), July 24, 1969, about 812 nautical miles southwest of Hawaii and only 12 nautical miles from the USS Hornet.
Credit: NASA
Image Number: S69-21698
Date: July 24, 1969
A striking & surrealistic visual feast by Carl Zoschke, Bell Aerosystems’ amazing resident artist. Circa possibly 1961/62. Note the two smaller, canted, descent engines (firing), adjacent to the primary? engine of the Lunar Excursion Module. I’ve never seen that before.
Sadly, unless there's someone out there with some insight, stash, access or whatever, this is about as good as it gets...without possibly paying through the nose for the "rights" to a higher resolution version.
The predecessor to Mr. Zoschke’s following work:
From/at:
www.afmc.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/1898049/hist...
Credit: Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC) website
Also seen here, along with some other remarkable renderings:
www.popsci.com/story/space/nasa-art-illustrations/
Credit: Popular Science website
A superior book, written by a stellar, acknowledged & respected author. I can also vouch for the chap that provided the additional research.
Official Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation (GAEC) photo of the ubiquitous (at that time) and coveted (to this day) desktop model of the Lunar Excursion Module, manufactured by Precise Models, Elyria, Ohio. Appropriately enough, where I grew up.
A wonderfully incorrect & patriotic artist’s concept of a Major Matt Mason-like Apollo Astronaut planting the U.S. Flag on the lunar surface! Look at the size of that thing! Darned tootin’ it’s going to take that Christmas Tree-like stand to hold it up. And, note the serious DPS-produced crater!
I’ve seen this depiction several times over the past half-century; however, not in any ‘official NASA capacity’. Although I can’t quite place it, I associate it with widespread local press publications. Like as the cover of a special Sunday newspaper insert; a Space Coast tourist/promotional advertising booklet, pamphlet, brochure, etc; maybe even on the cover of the “Astronaut Trail”…stuff like that.
Unfortunately, nothing on the artist, J. Harrelson. Enigmatic, in that there’s not even a fragmentary track record on him/her - at least not that I’ve come across - until he/she fortunately & surprisingly, re-emerged ~15 years later with the sophisticated space station depiction linked below. Over that long of a period, I would’ve expected at least another couple of works to have turned up if employed by NASA or one of its major contractors. So, based on nothing but that, I’m considering him to be a freelancer…at least of space stuff. In support of such is the fact he/she was responsible for the cover art of Catalytic • Dow’s Apollo 11 press kit. Along with:
www.reddit.com/r/nasa/comments/1feo9a3/could_i_get_some_h...
Credit: Reddit
Regardless, a few obscure dots connected, i.e., a WIN.
Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation (GAEC) print/artwork, ca. 1967, depicting Lunar Module Ascent Stage and North American Aviation (NAA) Command/Service Module rendezvous & docking.
Being a GAEC-produced LEM/LM artwork would normally identify the artist to be Craig Kavafes. However, to me, this doesn’t look like it’s by him. Although it must be, right?
The lunar surface depiction actually has a Gary Meyer look to it, but then the Command Module would be proportionally correct..this isn’t. Not to mention the messed up appearance & placement of its RCS nozzles, hatch & windows. The Service Module isn’t right either. 😉
11” x 14”.
NASA artist's concept of the nighttime launch of a Nova rocket on a “Lunar Return Mission”, aka “Lunar Landing”. The image was part of a presentation entitled “A Rocket for Manned Lunar Exploration”, given by Milton W. Rosen and Francis C. Schwenk at the Tenth Congress of the International Astronautical Federation (IAF), London, 31 August 1959.
The abstract:
"One of the significant human accomplishments of the next decade will be the manned exploration of the moon. Previously, the uncharted regions of the earth, the Arctic and Antarctic, the Amazon and Himalayas challenged the skill and fortitude of explorers. But these regions cannot long retain their status—the new frontier lies beyond the confines of our planet—on the nearest sizeable aggregation of matter in space—the moon.
Significantly, man’s exploration has been paced by his technical progress. The discovery of America was made possible by ships and sails of sufficient size and by advances, however crude, in the art of navigation. Oxygen masks made possible the conquest of Everest, and rockets—the exploration of the upper atmosphere.
The exploration of the moon is within view today. If it may be assumed that Project Mercury in the U.S.A. and similar efforts by the U.S.S.R. will establish that man can exist for limited periods of time in space, then a trip to the moon requires mainly the design, construction and proving of a large rocket vehicle.
In one concept of a manned lunar vehicle the entire mission, the trip to the moon and the return, is staged on the earth’s surface. A highly competitive technique, one favored by many engineers, is to stage the lunar mission by refueling in a low earth orbit. This would permit the use of a smaller launching vehicle but would require development of orbital rendezvous techniques. In any case, a vehicle of the larger type will be needed for lunar as well as other exploratory missions.
This paper presents a parametric study of vehicle scale for the direct flight manned lunar mission. The main parameter is the take-off thrust which is influenced by many factors; principally the propellants in the several stages and the flight trajectory. A close choice exists in the second stage where conventional and high energy propellants are compared. The size of the final stage and hence the entire vehicle is governed mainly by the method of approach to the earth’s surface, whether it is elliptic, parabolic or hyperbolic. The various methods are applied to an illustrative vehicle configuration.
Reliability will be a major factor in the success of any manned lunar flight. While no formula is proposed for improving component reliability, certain operational procedures can be used to advantage in enhancing the probability of a successful round trip to the moon."
There are multiple neat & amusing things going on here:
The exotic launch site; semi-mountainous, near a shoreline, inlet, or whatever it is, that’s deep enough to accommodate a battleship or destroyer, which I assume is maintaining watch. And it’s got palm trees! I’ve got it - it’s Nova Scotia...Southern Nova Scotia! Get it, NOVA...? Never mind. Obligatorily featuring the beckoning destination in the sky.
Oddly, the gantry looks like an elevated/stretch version of Launch Complex 36 at White Sands Missile Range (WSMR), which I believe had yet to be built?/used, for Little Joe II launches. Being 1959, I guess there weren’t a whole lot of examples to draw from, especially for a rocket this size.
Finally, the folded up/retracted landing gear ringing the conical-shaped lander, are visible. The circular shape of the footpad of the one ‘facing’ the viewer is discernible as well.
Wait, wait, there’s more! M. W. Rosen is none other than Milton “Milt” Rosen, of Viking sounding rocket ‘fame’, the real deal. Confirmation:
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milton_Rosen
Credit: Wikipedia website
Francis C. Schwenk, possibly/probably originally of the Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory/Lewis Research Center (btw, Cleveland Rocks) appears to have been a prolific researcher & valued asset to NACA/NASA. He even worked on the Satellite Power System concept, as late as 1980! Super smart, motivated, with longevity; traits you want in a rocket scientist. Also the real deal.
So, as part of a NASA presentation, I assume this to be an in-house NASA work, which of course substantially reduces the chance of artist identification, especially for something from 1959. Damn.
See:
www.alternatewars.com/SpaceRace/SP-4205/Chapter_01.htm
www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/SP-4205/ch1-2.html
Yet again, as is all too often the case, a superior & far more informative read - at a non-NASA site:
www.wired.com/2014/01/rosen-schwenks-moon-rocket-1959/amp
Credit: WIRED website
An unexpected & welcomed surprise. Although not an artist’s identification, a small win nonetheless, filling in at least a few additional pieces of a historical puzzle that no one gives a rat’s ass about...anymore. Despite such, I’m still pleased:
link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-662-39914-9
Specifically:
link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-662-39914-9_27
Credit: Springer Nature Switzerland AG/Springer Link website
Last, but NOT least, the following obscure website appears to have the entire presentation available to view, which includes the artist's concepts. Bravo!:
dokumen.tips/reader/f/a-rocket-for-manned-lunar
Credit: Indonesia DOKUMEN website
HOWEVER, this presentation should ALSO reside & be readily available at some NASA or otherwise ‘official’ site, for free, with no log-in, no 'mother-may-I' BS required. Something like what the NTRS once was.
BUT, it doesn’t seem to be. Pretty historic, with ‘pictures’, and it seems to ONLY be available on an Indonesian document sharing site. Although I’m grateful, you’re kidding me, REALLY???
Beautifully depicted cool looking lunar activities that have yet to occur. I’d never seen this one before!
The landers & rover look a LOT like those in at least one other lunar depiction, which multiple sites attribute to Roy Scarfo, so maybe this as well? Although, and I’m pulling this outta my fourth point of contact, it, to me, has an Albert Lane look as well. Or, it could be someone else. Who knows.
The thin/stretched astronauts appear in other lunar EVA depictions I've seen. Maybe they have signatures.
Per the Astronautix website, the scene is of an Apollo Logistics Support System (ALSS) Lunar Base. At:
www.astronautix.com/a/alsslunarbase.html
Along with the image:
“LUNAR SPACE SUIT – Jack D. Mays, test subject from Crew Systems Division, Manned Spacecraft Center, Houston, wears the International Latex Corp. space suit during test at MSC. The test was conducted on the lunar simulation area. Behind Mays is a full scale mock up of the lunar module.”
Based primarily on Figure 2.38, page 41, along with Figure 2.40 (starring Jim Irwin), on page 43, the suit appears to be an ILC A5L (Supporting Advanced Life Support Development) training suit. However, the evolutionary Irwin-modeled A6L Pressure Garment Assembly is obviously similar. A wonderful document btw:
www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/ILC-SpaceSuits-RevA.pdf
Credit: ALSJ website
See also, specifically WRT Irwin and the A6L:
www.nasa.gov/feature/50-years-ago-certifying-apollo-space...
www.nasa.gov/feature/50-years-ago-thermo-vacuum-testing-c...
For whatever it’s worth, the A7L was the suit worn during the Apollo missions.
Mr. Mays was basically the non-Astronaut 'face' of the Apollo program's outdoor terrestrial/Terran Extravehicular Activity, testing, assessing/evaluating, etc. lunar space suit designs/configurations & associated lunar surface tasks, during their development.
www.collectspace.com/ubb/Forum38/HTML/002223.html
Credit: collectSPACE website
historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov/JSCHistoryPortal/history/o...
Note the developmental/precursor “Snoopy Cap” worn by Mr. Mays.
Note also the rendezvous radar antenna. Both it’s interesting rotational/gimbaling capacity, and the fact that it’s pointing off to the side. To my knowledge, the final configuration only slewed up & down.
Maybe it was installed incorrectly?
See also:
Credit: Internet Archive website
Last, but not least, Jack Mays:
Credit: Manned Space/YouTube
“A close-up view of the unmanned Surveyor III spacecraft footpad, photographed during the second extravehicular activity period (EVA-2) of Astronauts Charles Conrad, Jr., Apollo 12 mission commander, and Alan L. Bean, lunar module pilot. Their Apollo 12 lunar module landed Nov. 19, 1969m, in the Ocean of Storms some 600 feet away from the Surveyor III spacecraft. The Surveyor III landing took place in the Ocean of Storms on April 19, 1967. Apollo 12 was the second manned lunar landing mission.”
Transcript leading up to & during the photograph taken:
“134:10:47 Conrad: I think you ought to photo that scoop (means "footpad") there, the way it dug in.
134:10:50 Bean: I did.
134:10:52 Conrad: There's no way that thing can slide down the hill on us, the way it's dug in.
134:10:57 Bean: Uh-uh. Okay, now let me get that footpad. That's a beautiful shot there. We're going to do footpad 3, I guess it is, or is that 1?
134:11:05 Conrad: Footpad 3.
134:11:06 Bean: Okay. And that's going to be in f/8, probably. It's pretty low; let me try 5.6. (To Houston, louder than he's been talking to Pete or, for that matter, to Houston, lately) That aft honeycomb shock absorber struck the dirt and looks like it took some of the shock. Other than that, the front one didn't appear to do that. Stereo there. Sure isn't going to slide down the hill though, that's for sure.
[Al's photos of footpad 1 (downslope) are AS12-48- 7119 and 7120.]”
Above & photograph at:
www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a12/a12.surveyor.html
Specifically:
www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a12/AS12-48-7119HR.jpg
Both above credit: ALSJ website
“Drawing of Proposed Capsule To Aid Moon Exploration
1/5/1960-Chicago: A collapsible capsule designed to facilitate man's exploration of the moon, this unusual moon sac provides protection and mobility for future spacemen. This cut-away drawing shows how the pod-shaped vehicle allows two men inside to roll along the Lunar Surface simply by walking-as on a treadmill-in squirrel cage compartments at either end of pod. See negative for full caption.”
Also:
"DO-IT-YOURSELF MOON AUTO -- This unusual collapsible moon sac would provide both protection and transportation for men exploring the moon. Cutaway drawing shows how the pod-shaped vehicle would allow two men to roll along the lunar surface simply by walking a treadmill."
Above at, also probably taken from a press photo caption. On page five, and an excellent presentation:
www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/creel_lrv_experiences_alsj.pdf
www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/lrv_thermal_alsj.pdf
Both above credit: ALSJ website
'My' description, along with the image, at:
www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/collapsible-capsu...
“Credit”: Getty Images website
Very gratifying to ‘take’ something from them, instead of the other way around! They’re selling the ‘small’ (594 x 464 px (20.96 x 16.37 cm) 72 dpi | 0.3 MP) version of this image for $175. $499 for the “large” (3130 x 2446 px (26.50 x 20.71 cm) 300 dpi | 7.7 MP). Goliath takes one in the eye...yess!
Granted, only if/when somebody stumbles upon mine, who also happens to really want/need a high resolution version of it. But, hey, even if just ONE person can save $175 - $499, it’s a win. But I digress...
Unfortunately, the article affixed to the verso of the photo, although it features the photo, is irrelevant. The Chicago Daily News folks appear to have just pulled this out, since it is a very interesting, odd…and ridiculous depiction.
Among many other WTF questions, how did they see/know where they were going?
How about turning? Does one guy slow down, or just stop completely? How about for a tight/emergency turn? Backpedal...turn the other way? 😉
I do like the Dr. Octopus goggles though, along with the spacecraft’s external tri-rail elevator.
As zany as it is, it was ‘outside the box’ thinking, and it's what makes it so enjoyable. 😄👍
Artist unknown. However, it has a John Gorsuch look to it.
A delightful, and based on the rover, almost whimsical lunar EVA scene. Being from 1965, when the advancement of lunar exploration looked bright...surely part of some AAP, AES, ALSS, LSSM & at least 3 - 5 other acronyms I'm not familiar with.
Most importantly, I'm pretty damned sure it's by Rosemary A. Dobbins. See my linked images below as confirmation.
A significant & unexpected WIN. I’m actually giddy, I don’t get giddy, yet I am.
And, most appropriately, during Women’s History Month! 👍
BTW, Rosemary Dobbins’ daughter: YOU’RE WELCOME.
“PLT. 5 CLOSE UP OF LEM AREA”
More importantly, hand-printed on the verso:
“X – PERRY’S ORIGINAL FLT TEST HANGAR.
FURTHER TO LEFT WAS PERRY’S NEW HANGAR (WITH SMALL ANTENNA TOWER IN CENTER).
THE LM WAS LATER BUILT IN THESE HANGARS WITH ADDED SURROUNDING FACILITIES.”
So, the above serves not only as wonderful ‘insider’ information pertaining to GAEC’s Bethpage facility, but also as a ‘key’ with regard to the red ink “X” and arrow (along with “PERRY’S HGRS”) written in the white border on the obverse.
Per the discussion at the following collectSPACE thread, the “new hangar” referenced above would’ve (I suppose) made it the primary Lunar Excursion Module/Lunar Module (LEM/LM) assembly building, containing a clean room where three of them could be simultaneously assembled.
www.collectspace.com/ubb/Forum41/HTML/000122.html
I really should’ve purchased at least one of the two LM books referenced in the thread.
However - to me - the $64K question is what the heck is/are “Perry’s Hangar(s)”? The annotation (arrow) on the photograph seems to point to the slightly lower profile building to the right of & adjacent to the "LEM Assembly, Installation and Test" building (with the antenna tower).
A 5,000 sq. ft section of it (nearest the aforementioned building) consists of a clean room for exclusive LEM use pertaining to RCS & ECS.
Could it refer to Perry L. Gardner? There are multiple GAEC-associated documents in/of which he was an integral part. His son even has a wonderful site devoted to his journals. Despite that & meaning no disrespect, he doesn’t appear to be ‘historic’ enough, or even old enough for that matter.
The ONLY place that actually references “Perry’s Hangar” is, as one might expect, at the “Grumman Memorial Park” website, which unfortunately appears to be static as of 2012. I’m actually surprised it’s still up. But all it has is one low resolution photo, taken inside the hangar, apparently in 1950…with no context, no write-up, nothing.
So, there's some sort of obscure, poorly documented historical significance, or so I'd think. I mean, you don't name something after/for an individual, formally or informally, unless there's something that merited it.
I foolishly sent an email to their contact address, which I’m sure was an exercise in futility. I’ve also reached out to the Grumman Retiree Club, which I've done a couple of times in the past regarding some of my other photos. Crickets then & no reason to expect anything different now. Maybe I'll try the Cradle of Aviation folks. Eventually, someone's got to respond, to something, anything, right?
Nah, I doubt it, so…I'm tapping out. That's about it with regard to Perry’s Hangar. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
I’d also like to know who made the annotations on the photo.
Finally, look at the place…a textbook example of never judging a book by its cover. It looks like…I dunno…a run-of-the-mill machine shop. And kind of grimy looking at that. The outward appearance belies the engineering magic that went on inside.
I opted for a 1200 dpi scan on this, ignorantly hoping to maybe resolve some identifiable LEM component(s) on the grounds. I haven’t, but other peripheral things can be seen…to include horses grazing in the grassy field on the left. And, the trailer at the near end of the larger angled building comprising the "Cold Flow Test Site"...you can make out "LIQUID CARBONIC / GENERAL DYNAMICS", written on what looks like its outer gas cylinders. Two more such trailers may be near the far end of the smaller Cold Flow Test Site building. The Liquid Carbonic Company produced industrial gasses, including oxygen & acetylene, amongst others, to include liquid oxygen distribution. On the background oward the upper left is a Westinghouse Electric building/facility. Possibly located there as a subcontractor? Or totally unrelated? Since this whole area appears to be zoned for light industrial usage. Just to the left of Plant no. 25, the Engineering Center, which is the large rectangularly partitioned building in the background, the angled Quonset hut-like structure is a wind tunnel. Who knew?!
Finally, check out the two possible GAEC execs shooting the breeze in what looks to be an Alfa Romeo Spider [WRONG: see/read corrected identification below], just inside the side entrance gate at the bottom of the photo. Along those lines, look at the smorgasbord of other vintage automobiles...it's like an open-air museum.
Also outstanding:
yesterdaysamerica.com/remembering-the-apollo-program/
Credit: "Yesterday's America" website
I hope this happened:
news.northropgrumman.com/news/releases/northrop-grumman-s...
Credit: Northrop Grumman website
Finally, can you believe it?! But hey, at least they’re still standing…I think/hope:
Original 1964 depiction of humankind’s presence on the lunar surface, by visionary artist Chesley Bonestell.
The appearance of the Lunar Excursion Module (LEM) - without digging through other corroborative images - seems to be support the stamped/supposed original year.
7.5” x 10”. The photograph has a wonderful barely perceptible satin sheen to it.
Check out all of the spectacular works. Oddly enough though, neither the image, nor any reference to it was to be found at what I assume to be his official site:
Finally, although the color version looks great, to me it looks like the sole version that’s been propagated by all.
“Artist’s sketch shows one of main assignments on lunar surface; gathering rock samples”
More specifically, the device into/by which said rock samples are secured & transported back to earth; the Apollo Lunar Sample Return Container (ALSRC).
Prophetically, at least photographically, the two cylindrical items, maybe initially conceived as being available in two different sizes(?), are Special Environmental Sample Containers (SESC). To my knowledge though, only one size was used.
Based on the overall similarity in appearance of subject matter in the linked photo below, I believe this to be by the same anonymous & probable NASA artist. Both possibly as part of a presentation/informational packet, etc.
Plenty of good/interesting reading & images of the ALSRC & host of geological sampling tools available online. The following being just one of them:
curator.jsc.nasa.gov/lunar/catalogs/other/jsc23454toolcat...
Circa 1962-64 Lockheed Missiles & Space Company artist’s concept of a Saturn-Apollo nuclear “lunar logistics” vehicle, depicting simultaneous jettison of the interstage, S-II stage ignition & payload fairing separation. Striking - what I’m pretty sure to be - artistic license.
8.5" x 11".
Although no signatures are present, another issuance retains those of Anthony Saporito & William Collopy.
unterwegs im All bisher 1 Österreich: Franz Viehböck
Magazin: Terra Mater Februar März
Part of: "an apple a day keeps the doctor away - An ENSO (Japanese: circle, Japanisch: Kreis) a day .... " Aktion Kreis Tagebuch A circle diary - Start of the 365-days Project: 1. September // 40 Krapfentage 2015: 30. Blue Sky ohne Rosine Dunkin` Donuts Mariahilferstrasse
DMC-G2 - P1890091 - 2015-03-15
#travel #reise #unterwegs #abheben #dream #traum #raum #space #weltraum #all #blue #blau #sky #himmel #esoterik #wrap #envelope #wiederverwenden #papier #hülle #entfalten #chrysalis #puppe
In this ca. 1971/72 artist’s concept, Astronauts on the moon, in the vicinity of a lunar base, are depicted doing all kinds of cool stuff.
Although there's no signature, it has a sort of Robert McCall look to it.
7.875” x 10”.
1965 cut-away diagram of the Lunar Excursion Module Ascent Stage, representing the 'final' version. Note that "Excursion" was still part of the nomenclature as of the printing of the photo.
Note the Major Matt Mason-like space suit worn by the Astronaut. Sort of looks like an A2-L and/or immediately subsequent.
A – I’ll spare you the excessive adjectives that this deserves – depiction of an expedition(?), colonization(?) party disembarking on the moon.
Although the look of the spacecraft strongly suggests Baron Sándor Leidenfrost, aka Alexander Leydenfrost, the top sliver of a signature…unless Sanyi used all caps/block letters…would be a serious & weak stretch, So, who knows.
The only other version of the image that I was able to find, possibly taken from a book. With no useful information:
www.pinterest.ru/pin/157696424436026476/
pbs.twimg.com/media/DNdRlB2U8AEjFRf.jpg
Credit: Olga Coin/Pinterest
On a separate note:
I CANNOT believe it, I’d never even heard of Mr. Leydenfrost! Mind-blowing works by him. Although I’m not surprised, as a Hungarian, he was predisposed to being a genius.
Whoever this is by, it’s really impressive.
Finally, interestingly, maybe even intriguingly - only to me - the erased caption on the back is written in a mix of German & English. If I translated it correctly, it’s pretty generic, basically stating the obvious, ‘man on the moon’. Also, the fact that the text was erased, not just crossed out, would seem to suggest that this photograph merited some level of care, hence I suppose it still being around, in really great condition. The date range is a total guess of course.
Based on other photographs & the paltry documentation available, I think this is a lunar landing craft separating from a nuclear third/S-IVB-like ‘S-N’ stage. Note the retrorockets firing on the S-N to ensure separation. Also, what appear to be steps/handrails down the side of the lander…although they stop well above the base of the vehicle, i.e., lunar surface. Maybe at that point the Astronaut somehow translates over/onto the landing strut…and…uhm…just slides down it, like a staircase banister/baluster. Thanks to the precise detail of the image, it certainly appears smooth enough. 😉
SWAG follows: This must be unmanned...I see no windows. I assume Astronauts transported via Lunar Excursion Module (LEM) will occupy it for extended lunar exploration operations. This would seem to be supported by the presence of what look like solar panels atop the lander.
Although I suppose it could be a logistics/supply vehicle, but then the solar panels would seem to be unnecessary. Unless it would/could subsequently serve as a power augmentation/generation facility?
8.5" x 11".
Another stunning Ludwik Źiemba influenced work by what I believe are protégés Anthony Saporito & J. Kramer. Exquisite.
“EXPO 67—U.S. STYLE
MONTREAL: Fisheye lens view of the United States Pavilion at EXPO 67 captures the circular structure of the building with its lunar exploration vehicle exhibit.”
Plentiful imagery & documentation is available online. One of my favorites, which includes the following:
“Space Exhibits at Expo 67
The 1950's and 60's saw a general enthusiasm for space exploration, and by 1967 the U.S. and the USSR were engaged in a fierce race to put a man on the moon.
At Expo 67, both these countries attempted to convince visitors of their superiority in the field of space technology by featuring special space exhibits in their pavilions. These exhibits proved very popular and lineups were long...
The U.S. pavilion used its highest platform (9 stories high) for its space exhibit entitled “Destination Moon”. The platform was reached by escalator, the longest one in existence in 1967 at 125 feet. Suspended from the ceiling of the pavilion were several actual Apollo and Gemini capsules (including the Freedom Seven Mercury capsule). A 3-man command module, and a model of the Surveyor space craft were also on display. The entire exhibit was enhanced by photographs, films of blast-offs and sounds of recorded conversations between astronauts, as well as models of space suits and examples of food used by astronauts.”
At:
expolounge.blogspot.com/2006/09/space-exhibits-at-expo-67...
Credit: “expo lounge” blogspot
And of course:
www.collectspace.com/ubb/Forum41/HTML/000905.html
Credit: collectSPACE website
Possibly a future rabbit hole: The Lunar Module appears to be the same one on display at the MSC – two years later – behind the Apollo 11 crew in the linked photo below.
Was it a test article of some sort. Or, was it built exclusively for the purpose of being displayed at EXPO 67? In both the photo referenced & the other linked photo, there looks to be, to me, a vertical ‘paned’ window on the LMP’s side of the vehicle. If so, that would seem to support it’s ‘exhibition/display’ purpose. However, that would require access to the interior. Obviously not from the front, as there’s no ladder on the landing gear strut, which of course would’ve been a hazard for the general populace anyhow. Yet I’ve never seen any photo of this particular LM that supports that. Who knows.
.... The Space Race ended on July 20, 1969 when the United States successfully landed humans on the moon. But without a vital Canadian contribution, the Apollo 11 mission wouldn't have had a leg to stand on — literally.
The Apollo lunar module that carried Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin to the moon's surface featured landing gear designed by a Quebec company, Héroux-Devtek. The company was tasked with developing eight telescopic legs that would absorb the impact of landing and provide a stable launch platform for the astronauts' return to lunar orbit.
Héroux-Devtek delivered, and their landing gear was used in five subsequent space missions. A little piece of Canada, in the form of Héroux-Devtek equipment, still resides on the moon. ....
On July 20, 1969, my family gathered around our 60's model TV to watch man's first landing on the moon. Taken with my current camera from an old slide, this shot shows the our TV screen as the words flashed "Lunar Module Has Landed On Moon." It also happened to catch my father and mother reflected on the screen watching the events unfold. My reflection was hidden by the module as I took the picture with my Minolta SRT 101.
Not quite as old as the shot of my grandmother, but an interesting little slice of history. See Grandma's picture in the comments below.
“By igniting the descent engine (contained in the LEM’s lower, descent stage), the separated LEM is inserted into an elliptical transfer orbit. Following cutoff of the descent engine, the LEM coasts to the low point of its descent orbit which brings the craft to within about 50,000 feet of the lunar surface, and uprange of the proposed landing site. At that time, the descent engine is refired to reduce velocity during the LEM’s descent to landing.
The LEM’s descent is automatically controlled to an altitude of a few hundred feet by a Guidance/Navigation Control System. During the final landing phase, the two-man crew selects a favorable landing site and, by manual control of the reaction control system jets (clustered at the four corners of the LEM upper, ascent stage) and the variable thrust descent engine, the craft is manipulated into the correct attitude over the landing site, and landed gently on the moon.”
The above are affixed to the verso of the photograph. Although informative, they don't describe what's depicted, which appears to be lunar orbit insertion.
“GRUMMAN AIRCRAFT ENGINEERING CORP., BETHPAGE, NEW YORK
LM MANUFACTURING----Apollo Lunar Module-5 in Final Assembly Area during demate procedures.”
I believe those are Chinese characters stamped on the verso. Makes me wonder where this has been, along with resisting the urge to defecate on it.
Ca. 1964 photograph of mobility testing, using Lunar Excursion Module (LEM) Training Model-1 (TM-1) at Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation’s (GAEC) Bethpage, NY facility. Some very interesting – to me – things to note in this photograph:
- The astronaut visible standing up, through the overhead docking hatch. Possibly practicing conducting a Stand-up Extravehicular Activity (SEVA)? I have no idea if such was a consideration in 1964; however, at the time I could see it being considered prudent. In fact, his right-hand is on what looks like an alternating rung/step observation mast, maybe. If so, that’s too cool! Although maybe not so prudent. Or is it an antenna? If that, mounted at the lip of the docking hatch/tunnel? Strictly some sort of training aid?
- I’ve never seen this before in this ‘family’ of photographs…a free-standing external LEM cockpit interior mockup, visible immediately next to the ascent stage RCS quadrant on the right. ‘Instrumentation’ can even be discerned on the central display panel. Although, upon a relook, this structure is visible in my previous posting of the TM-1 descent stage. However, it was unrecognizable to me, as the central display panel had yet to be added.
- On the far left, another first seen…what appears to be a sub-scale engineering/test model of the LEM/LM. Possibly used for drop tests? I don’t think I’ve ever seen any LEM model with such a ring-shaped mass simulator? Fascinating. Behind it appear to be other smaller unidentifiable components on display as well.
- To the right of those, also in the background, is Space Technology Laboratories’ (STL) Lunar Excursion Module Descent Engine (LMDE)/Descent Propulsion System (DPS) mockup. Further to the right & nearer the camera is North American Aviation (NAA), Rocketdyne division’s mockup of the same.
- Finally, between the two engines are displayed…IDK…photographs of engine/exhaust plumes of said engines???
- Other cool stuff that are more regularly seen. Although I still don’t know what all the oxygen? bottles are. Maybe for the suited astronaut? Was it a closed loop ECS system?
Good stuff.