View allAll Photos Tagged Tuberculosis
A young man with a history of lymph node biopsy from the same region about 10 months ago. That biopsy was considered as either Kikuchi lymphadenitis or probably a lymphoma! No granuloma was seen. The patient seemed to be doing well without treatment! After seeing that biopsy in consultation, we requested another biopsy, which included a couple of lymph nodes matted together. The cut surface shows areas of caseification necrosis (yellowish). The scale is centimeters. Histology was typical but no acid fast bacilli were seen.
Schaumann bodies may be seen in tuberculosis although less frequently than in sarcoidosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis and berylliosis.
Initial (primary) infection with Mycobacterium. tuberculosis in an immunocompetent individual usually occurs in an upper region of the lung producing a sub-pleural lesion called a Ghon focus. Granulomatous involvement of peribronchial and/or hilar lymph nodes is frequent in primary tuberculosis due to lymphangitic spread from the Ghon focus. The early Ghon focus together with the lymph node lesion constitute the Ghon complex. These lesions undergo healing and over time usually evolve to fibrocalcific nodules. The combination of late fibrocalcific lesions of the lung and lymph node which evolved from the Ghon complex is referred to as the Ranke complex.
This image provides a good example of "caseous necrosis" The "cheesy" appearance of the necrosis is due to incomplete proteolytic digestion of the necrotic tissue and is apparent only on gross or macroscopic examination. The terms "caseous", "caseating" and "caseation" are often used erroneously to describe the microscopic appearance of necrotizing granulomas.
The outside of file HOSP/STAN/07/01/02/2558, a patient at Stannington Sanatorium being treated for primary Tuberculous cervical adenitis after the introduction of antibiotics at the sanatorium. Read more about this file on the album description.
Date: 1952.
This image is part of our Stannington Sanatorium Flickr collection of albums of patient files, as part of our Stannington Sanatorium project. They are from our archive collections at Northumberland Archives. Feel free to share them within the spirit of the Commons. If you have any enquiries or would like copies please contact collections@woodhorn.org.uk for more information.
Initial (primary) infection with Mycobacterium. tuberculosis in an immunocompetent individual usually occurs in an upper region of the lung producing a sub-pleural lesion called a Ghon focus. Granulomatous involvement of peribronchial and/or hilar lymph nodes is frequent in primary tuberculosis due to lymphangitic spread from the Ghon focus. The early Ghon focus together with the lymph node lesion constitute the Ghon complex. These lesions undergo healing and over time usually evolve to fibrocalcific nodules. The combination of late fibrocalcific lesions of the lung and lymph node which evolved from the Ghon complex is referred to as the Ranke complex.
Although necrotizing granulomas are the characteristic lesion of tuberculosis, non-necrotizing granulomas occur as well and may be the only type of granuloma seen in small biopsy specimens.
These large nodular lesion and the tiny lesions seen in miliary tuberculosis are both the result of hematogenous dissemination of infection. The large size of the lesions in this image \ compared to those seen in miliary tuberculosis indicates that this is not an acute process.
Initial (primary) infection with Mycobacterium. tuberculosis in an immunocompetent individual usually occurs in an upper region of the lung producing a sub-pleural lesion called a Ghon focus. Granulomatous involvement of peribronchial and/or hilar lymph nodes is frequent in primary tuberculosis due to lymphangitic spread from the Ghon focus. The early Ghon focus together with the lymph node lesion constitute the Ghon complex. These lesions undergo healing and over time usually evolve to fibrocalcific nodules. The combination of late fibrocalcific lesions of the lung and lymph node which evolved from the Ghon complex is referred to as the Ranke complex.
Radiograph accompanying the file HOSP/STAN/07/01/02/1855, a patient at Stannington Sanatorium being treated for primary Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the left lung . Read more about this file on the album description.
Date: 1947-1948.
This image is part of our Stannington Sanatorium Flickr collection of albums of patient files, as part of our Stannington Sanatorium project. They are from our archive collections at Northumberland Archives. Feel free to share them within the spirit of the Commons. If you have any enquiries or would like copies please contact collections@woodhorn.org.uk for more information.
Initial (primary) infection with Mycobacterium. tuberculosis in an immunocompetent individual usually occurs in an upper region of the lung producing a sub-pleural lesion called a Ghon focus. Granulomatous involvement of peribronchial and/or hilar lymph nodes is frequent in primary tuberculosis due to lymphangitic spread from the Ghon focus. The early Ghon focus together with the lymph node lesion constitute the Ghon complex. These lesions undergo healing and over time usually evolve to fibrocalcific nodules. The combination of late fibrocalcific lesions of the lung and lymph node which evolved from the Ghon complex is referred to as the Ranke complex.
Necrotizing granulomas localized around an airway. This is a common finding since the tubercle bacilli enter the lung via the airways except in miliary tuberculosis where entry is via the blood vessels
Initial (primary) infection with Mycobacterium. tuberculosis in an immunocompetent individual usually occurs in an upper region of the lung producing a sub-pleural lesion called a Ghon focus. Granulomatous involvement of peribronchial and/or hilar lymph nodes is frequent in primary tuberculosis due to lymphangitic spread from the Ghon focus. The early Ghon focus together with the lymph node lesion constitute the Ghon complex. These lesions undergo healing and over time usually evolve to fibrocalcific nodules. The combination of late fibrocalcific lesions of the lung and lymph node which evolved from the Ghon complex is referred to as the Ranke complex.
Schaumann bodies may be seen in tuberculosis although less frequently than in sarcoidosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis and berylliosis.
Miliary tuberculosis can occur when tuberculous lung lesions erode pulmonary veins or when when extrapulmonary tuberculous lesions erode systemic veins.This results in hematogenous dissemination of tubercle bacilli producing myriads of 1-2 mm. lesions throughout the body in susceptible hosts. Miliary spread limited to the lungs can occur following erosion of pulmonary arteries by tuberculous lung lesions.
US Naval Hospital Fort Lyon, Colorado. September 30, 1921. Views from water tank looking S.E.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Lyon
Navy Medicine Historical Collection - Facilities - Fort Lyon
12-0111-002
print b&w 3x5
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious illness that normally affects the lungs, though it can affect any organ in the body. It may develop when bacteria spread through droplets in the air. TB can be fatal, but in most cases, it is preventable and treatable.
Sign And Symptoms of tuberculosis
Fever
Coughing up am Blood
Chills
Long Term Cough
No Appetite
Chest Pain
Weight Loss
Night Sweats
Fatigue
For more info visit us: www.surjen.com/
Demel
The title of this article is ambiguous. Other uses, see Demel (disambiguation).
K.u.K. Hofzuckerbäcker Ch Demel 's Söhne GmbH
Founded in 1786
Coffee and pastry industry
Products Coffee, tea, cakes
website www.Demel.at
Interior furnishings from Komptoir Demel in Vienna, from Portois Fix
When decorating goods Visitors may watch.
Demel is one of the most famous Viennese pastry at the carbon (cabbage) market (Kohlmarkt) 14 in the first Viennese district Innere Stadt. Demel was a k.u.k. Hofzuckerbäcker and runs this item today in public.
History
1778 came the of Wurttemberg stemming confectioner Ludwig Dehne to Vienna. 1786, he founded his pastry shot at the place of St. Michael. Dehne died in 1799 of tuberculosis. His widow then married the confectioner Gottlieb Wohlfahrt. In 1813 they bought the house in St. Michael's Square 14. Despite numerous innovations such as frozen the company's finances could not be rehabilitated. After the death of Gottlieb Wohlfahrt in 1826 the widow and her son from her first marriage August Dehne succeeded but the economic boom. August Dehne managed to great wealth, he invested in land. As the son of August Dehne struck another career as a lawyer, Dehne sold the confectionery in 1857 to his first mate Christoph Demel.
Demel also had success in the continuation of the company and established it to a Viennese institution. After the death of Christoph Demel in 1867 his sons Joseph and Charles took over the business, which is why it since "Christoph Demel 's Söhne" means. On request Demel received 1874 the Hoflieferantentitel (the titel as purveyor to the court). The proximity to the Imperial Palace directly opposite made business more profitable. The Hofburg borrowed from Demel occasionally staff and tableware for special occasions such as proms and parties. Recent developments in the art of confectionery were brought from Paris. Trained at Demel, professionals quickly found employment.
1888 Old Burgtheater was demolished at Michael's place and transformed the place. Demel had to move out of the house and he moved to the Kohlmarkt 14. The new store inside was equipped inside with high costs by purveyor to the court Portois & Fix. The interior is decorated in the style of Neo-Rococo with mahogany wood and mirrors. Regulars were members of the Viennese court as Empress Elisabeth, and other prominent members of the Vienna society of the time, the actress Katharina Schratt and Princess Pauline von Metternich. A peculiarity of Demel from the time of the monarchy is that the always female attendance, which originally was recruited from monastic students, is dressed in a black costume with a white apron. They are called Demelinerinnen and address the guest traditionally in a special "Demel German", which is a polite form of the third person plural, omitting the personal salutation and with questions such as "elected Have you?" or "want to eat?" was known.
After the death of Joseph and Carl Demel took over Carl's widow Maria in 1891 the management. She also received the k.u.k. Hoflieferantentitel. From 1911 to 1917 led Carl Demel (junior) the business and then his sister Anna Demel (4 March 1872 in Vienna - November 8, 1956 ibid ; born Siding). Under her leadership, the boxes and packaging were developed by the Wiener Werkstätte. Josef Hoffmann established in 1932 because of a contract the connection of the artist Friedrich Ludwig Berzeviczy-Pallavicini to Anna Demel. The design of the shop windows at that time was an important means of expression of the shops and there were discussions to whether they should be called visual or storefront (Seh- or Schaufenster - display window or look window). While under the Sehfenster (shop window) an informative presentation of goods was understood, the goods should be enhanced by staging the showcase. From 1933 until his emigration in 1938 took over Berzeviczy-Pallavicini the window dressing of Demel and married in 1936 Klara Demel, the adopted niece of Anna Demel.
During the Nazi regime in Austria the confectioner Demel got privileges from the district leadership because of its reputation. Baldur von Schirach and his wife took the confectioner under their personal protection, there were special allocations of gastronomic specialties from abroad in order to continue to survive. But while the two sat in the guest room and consumed cakes, provided the Demelinerinnen in a hallway between the kitchen and toilet political persecutws, so-called U-Boats. Those here were also hearing illegal radio stations and they discussed the latest news.
1952 Anna Demel was the first woman after the war to be awarded the title Kommerzialrat. She died in 1956. Klara Demel took over the management of the bakery. Berzeviczy-Pallavicini, who lived in the United States until then returned to Vienna. After Clara's death on 19 April 1965, he carried on the pastry. During his time at Demel he established the tradition to make from showpieces of the sugar and chocolate craft extravagant neo-baroque productions. Baron Berzeviczy sold the business in 1972 for economic reasons to the concealed appearing Udo Proksch, who established in 1973 in the first floor rooms for the Club 45; also Defence Minister Karl Lütgendorf had his own salon. After Proksch was arrested in 1989 in connection with the Lucona scandal, he sold Demel to the non-industry German entrepreneur Günter Wichmann. 1993 it came to insolvency. Raiffeisen Bank Vienna as principal creditor, acquired the property in 1994 from the bankrupt company to initially continue itself the traditional Viennese company through a subsidiary. In the process of the renovation in March 1995 on the fourth floor were mura painting from the 18th century exposed and the baroque courtyard covered by a glass construction which since the re-opening on 18 April 1996 can be used as Schanigarten (pavement café) or conservatory.
In 2002 the catering company Do & Co took over the Demel. The company was awarded with the "Golden Coffee Bean " of Jacobs coffee in 1999. Demel now has additional locations in Salzburg and New York.
Products
Demel chocolate products
One of the most famous specialty of the house is " Demel's Sachertorte" . The world-famous Sachertorte was invented by Franz Sacher, but completed only in its today known form by his son Eduard Sacher while training in Demel. After a 1938 out of court enclosed process occurred after the Second World War a till 1965 during dispute between Demel and the Sacher Hotel: The hotel insisted on its naming rights, Demel, however, could pointing out already since the invention of the "Original Sacher" called pie "having used the denomination". Demel had after the death of Anna Sacher in 1930, under defined conditions, the generation and distribution rights for "Eduard-Sacher-Torte" received. The dispute was settled in favor of the Hotel Sacher and the Demelsche cake is today, "Demel 's Sachertorte" and is still made by hand. While a layer of apricot jam under the chocolate icing and another in the center of the cake can be found in the "Original Sacher-Torte", is in "Demel 's Sachertorte " the layer in the middle omitted.
Besides the Sachertorte helped another specialty the pastry to world fame: the original gingerbread figures whose modeling came from the collection of Count Johann Nepomuk Graf Wilczek on Castle Kreuzenstein. Then there are the Demel cake (almond-orange mass with blackcurrant jam, marzipan and chocolate coating), Anna Torte, Dobos cake, cake trays, Russian Punch Cake, Esterházy cake, apple strudel and other confectionary specialties. Popular with many tourists are the candied violets with which Demel earlier supplied the imperial court and they allegedly have been the Lieblingsnaschereien (favorite candies) of Empress Elisabeth ("Sisi"). Rooms in the upper floors as the Pictures Room, Gold Room and the Silver rooms are rented for events. In addition to the pastry shop Demel operates, as it did at the time of the monarchy, a catering service, after the re-opening in 1996 as well as storage, shipping and packaging was desettled in the 22nd District of Vienna. Demel is also responsible for the catering at Niki Aviation.
The site of the old hospital, above Ilkley, covers some 57 acres. The vast quantity of rubble, twisted girders and collapsing drainage tunnels covering most of the area is a sad monument to the size and magnitude of the location's former vocation.
In 2005, Ilkley residents Mark and Janet Sayer reportedly paid £275,000 for this land with a view to creating a nouveaux-style hippie commune 'eco-village'. They wanted to create a sustainable community of 16 homes along with leisure facilities, a nature reserve and micro-brewery. These plans were rejected by Harrogate council in late 2006 due to concerns over the viability of the proposal. Little is known about what will happen here in the future, but there are apparently several commercial developers who have submitted alternate tenders for planning permission.
Although necrotizing granulomas are the characteristic lesion of tuberculosis, non-necrotizing granulomas occur as well and may be the only type of granuloma seen in small biopsy specimens.
The first original bulding of the King Edward VII sanatorium dating 1912. Long wings span to the right and left and it would have been one of the two wards for tuberculosis patients. In 1958 the need for the sanitorium was no longer needed so it was converted to a facility for mentally handicapped people. It has been closed for good and sits abandoned since 1984.
(from an old postcard; hominids for scale)
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Western Kentucky's Mammoth Cave is the longest cave system on Earth, with 426 miles known and mapped as of fall 2022. The name does not refer to the early discovery of fossil mastodon or mammoth bones here. Rather, the name refers to the immense size of many rooms and passages.
The old stone structure shown here is in Main Cave, the principal trunk passage in the Mammoth Cave Ridge portion of the system. In the early 1840s, an unusual underground experiment in curing tuberculosis occurred here.
Tuberculosis (TB), also called consumption, is a pulmonary disease caused by bacteria. In the early 19th century, TB patients in Europe perceived improvements in their symptoms during visits to cool, high Alpine settings or in cool cave settings. An American doctor suspected that patients might obtain relief if they spent extended periods of time in Mammoth Cave. Two stone cottages were set up in Main Cave and TB sufferers were invited to live in this area. The consumptives’ symptoms did not improve. Deaths occurred and the experiment ended after 10 months.
The patients' tents were not made of stone and no longer exist. The two stone cottages still exist and can be observed on modern cave tours (Violet City Tour and Star Chamber Tour). One of the stone structures may have been the doctor's office. Most patients' tents were nearby, but some were elsewhere (e.g., Pensacola Avenue and Audubon Avenue). Some of the deceased TB patients are buried in the old guides' cemetery near the park's visitor center.
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From park signage:
1842: Doctor John Croghan used Mammoth Cave as one of the world's first hospitals devoted solely to the treatment of tuberculosis. The cave's constant temperature and humidity did not have the effect Croghan hoped, however, and the hospital closed after only 10 months.
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Locality: Main Cave between Acute Angle and Star Chamber, Mammoth Cave Ridge, Mammoth Cave National Park, western Kentucky, USA
Construction of the commenced in 1943. It opened in 1945 and was converted to a Repatriation Hospital after the war. It closed in 1994 and demolished. The Fairview War Veterans' Home opened on the site in 1998.
REACHING MISSING TB PATIENTS AMONG DRUGS USERS THROUGH A HUMAN RIGHTS BASED APPROACH TO HEALTHCARE
Rosa is no stranger to tuberculosis (TB). She has witnessed the devastating suffering by people affected by TB in the course of her 19-year career as a Sub-County, TB and Leprosy Coordinator and her personal life.
Her first encounter with TB was as a child. She remembers how people distanced themselves from an aunt who suffered from TB. Young Rosa was scared whenever her aunt visited. Her second encounter was when she went to Medical Training College in Nakuru while being screened for TB. They had to take the Mantoux test to check if they had antibodies against the TB bacteria. She underwent a re-vaccination as the results showed she had no antibodies against the TB bacteria. This was despite being vaccinated as a child. The BCG Scar took so long to heal, giving her yet another unpleasant experience with TB.
Her third encounter with TB was at her first job posting. Immediately she finished her internship, a colleague who used to work in the male TB isolation ward was diagnosed with TB. “By the time it was discovered he had TB, he was surviving on half a lung… It was a sorry state because he had to be admitted in the same ward he worked in. Because he went into depression, he never managed to get better and he died, despite being HIV negative,” Rosa recalled.
Rosa’s fourth encounter was the toughest. A member of her family had a cough and it was not responding to antibiotics. One of the consultants could not understand why there was no improvement. “A test revealed it was TB… TB had come to my home! It was the worst thing that could have happened to me… There is no book I did not read about TB as a healthcare worker to understand and support the treatment regime,” she narrated.
Little did she know that her experiences were preparing her for a bigger mission. One of the TB coordinators invited her for a sensitization forum and she emerged the best trainee. It was then that one of the three TB coordinators decided to handover TB coordination to Rosa when he retired. “From that time, as I started meeting real people who have TB and seeing them get well, seeing a difference in their lives, I became passionate and I did whatever it took, without violating my values, to make sure our TB patients got well. I have seen a lot of people and children recover from TB, in the 19 years I have worked in the TB programme,” she said.
She has seen the negative impact of stigma and discrimination against persons living with TB in the course of her work. “It was terrible. I remember having female patients who were chased out of the marital home. One of them had her breastfeeding baby taken away from her and chased away from Lamu back to her people in Mombasa. She landed at my desk in tears, had congested breath. In another case, neighbours did not want to hang their clothes on the same cloth line as people with TB,” Rosa recollected. She believes with the availability of more information, people are getting to know facts about TB and stigma is on the decline.
Various challenges hamper the TB response across the globe. The World Drug Report (2019) estimates that as of 2017, an estimate 271 million people worldwide used drugs at least once in the previous year (range: 201 million-341 million). Of these, 11.3 million people injected drugs (range: 8.9 million–15.0 million). The criminalization of drug use, along with associated law-enforcement practices, increases vulnerability and negatively impacts access to services, and is among the factors driving the epidemics of HIV, viral hepatitis C (HCV), and tuberculosis (TB) among people who use drugs. In many parts of the world, people who inject drugs are denied access to essential health services and support, including the provision of sterile equipment, antiretroviral therapy (ART), opioid substitution therapy (OST), and the opioid overdose antidote naloxone. As a result, they are often forced to share and reuse equipment such as needles and syringes, placing themselves and their sexual and injecting partners at significant risk of HIV infection and other harms, including overdose and death.
In sub-Saharan Africa, Global Fund-funded programs in Benin, Côte D’Ivoire, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, and Togo have identified an increase in drug use and injecting practices. People who inject drugs are susceptible to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in several ways. A 2017 study on people who inject drugs in California showed that the prevalence of M. tuberculosis infection was 23.6%, with 0.8% co-infection with HIV and 81.7% co-infection with HCV. Drug use weakens the immune system, making people who use drugs more susceptible to TB infection.
In Kenya, one of the biggest challenges facing the TB programme in Kenya is the identification of missing TB patients. This informed their decision to conduct screening services among different populations.
At the time Rosa participated in the Regional Forum on the law, HIV, TB and human rights for law enforcement officers and healthcare workers in Kenya in 2018, she had never thought of drug users in connection with TB within the context of their plight, their criminalisation and how the criminalisation of drug use affects their access to TB services. “All along whenever I heard of drug use it’s always concerning HIV. I had never connected how stigma, discrimination and violence as a result of punitive laws also affect access to TB services. Also, we came to realize the health-seeking behaviour of persons who use drugs is hampered by their lifestyles and addiction. My eyes have also been opened to the fact that taking care of the vulnerable is goes a long way in the control of the spread of TB, and it must be through the rights-based approach,” said Rosa.
After the regional training forum, Rosa went back to work inspired and built the capacities of her colleagues and empowered the County TB and Lung Department on how drug users are a population left behind when it came to TB screening. Persons who use drugs often confuse TB symptoms with withdrawal symptoms and once they take in the drugs, the sedative effects numb away the symptoms. By the time a drug user is taken for treatment, it is usually too late and the TB bacterium already widely spread in the body.
With support from the County Government of Mombasa, Rosa scaled up TB screening in drug dens. “We coordinated with KELIN and other partners such as Reach Out Centre Trust and Muslim Education and Welfare Association (MEWA) and worked with their outreach workers in collecting sputum samples. The samples were then taken to Shimo La Tewa Prison, one of the facilities with GeneXpert machines for screening. We were able to get quite a number who had TB and they were started on treatment,” she explained.
“The synergy between law enforcement officers and health care workers will lead to a reduction in infection rate, increase uptake and access to health services, while at the same time uphold human rights and prevention of health-related violations,” Rosa asserted.
She also worked on a research paper on drug-resistant TB, treatment, adherence and the treatment outcomes for people who use drugs for Mombasa County. It showed that their performance was low due to people who use drugs who had developed drug-resistant TB and were unable to finish their medication. They developed the resistance for failure to complete the treatment regimen two to four times and then eventually the same TB became drug-resistant. Rosa presented the findings through a poster paper during the 2017 Kenya International Scientific Lung Health Conference held at the Weston Hotel, in Nairobi. “If we had a seamless linkage with law enforcers and healthcare providers in a rights-based approach, I am seeing a probable increase in picking the number of missing cases of TB among key populations and have better outcomes in the programmes. Once we have dealt with the disease burden, then we can focus more on improving the livelihoods of people and the economic development progress of communities will be easier to achieve,” she concludes.
Indeed, concerted efforts are required to #EndTB, one of the world’s highly infectious diseases, that kills 4,000 people every day. KELIN commends Rosa for taking the mantle to spearhead the rights-based approach to TB response, the County TB and Lung Department for supporting this initiative and the County Government of Mombasa for their support in scaling up the screening in the drug dens.
Since 2016, KELIN with support from the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria and the UNDP Regional Service Centre for Africa (as the Principal Recipient) has been implementing the Africa Regional Grant on HIV: Removing Legal Barriers. The Grant is aimed at addressing human rights violations by vulnerable communities in Africa and facilitating access to lifesaving healthcare. The goal has been to assess, monitor and strengthen the legal and policy environment to reduce the impact of HIV and TB on key populations in 10 countries: Botswana, Cote D’Ivoire, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Senegal, Seychelles, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia at the country level. At the regional level, the project provides intensive capacity strengthening opportunities for key stakeholders, like Rosa, who will escalate the gained knowledge to impact the HIV and TB response in their countries.